"mpc tSS-45qq "OF Maltidlsciptinary weet Ractare Va Sttueare: Rute lame ttonjoar = Y eee Role of donor agencies in disaster management Dr. Sanjeev Kumar — Assistant Professor, GC Recta, Ua Himachal Pradesh, tdi Abstract a The wee donations donor « importance of Iabour ypu bere, SSS0ciae No only withthe money, but physical labour sevice alg, because the importance of Jet es and alerting and afer te itnter Gamo be ore. “Asa cite, Is our duly to furiliarie the Naural Dat finmaBemen inset Wek aya il role mininize the os of ie bu we lok these agencies, Thee are related to disaster nding menace or indiretly. This research paper enables us to kiow these diferent donor agencies, tet hier role Contact hese ATi, chet taro unit, weg, tration nscded Wetores MAN aner Gis ISA a ‘ny emergency. Keywords: ——Thnit Pole of donde a Senne Ba Introd : oduct Objective The of role op iCoE¥® Of this presentation isto acquit you with the OW donor agencies in diaser management Scope The presenta ; a tion wil cover fe fics of various doer ayocies Donte Fle in disaster management As the ope is Role of mena, Agencies in Disaster Management’, but I would like to the ule her thatthe word donor is asoviated not only with < money, but physical labour service also, because the dm eane® Of labour donation before the disaster, during the ‘et and afer the disaster cannot be ignored. These are the ncies which are related to disaster management directly or ‘Réirectly, about which I will speak to you in the next few What is Natural Disaster? A catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence affecting any atea, arising from natural causes {Substantial oss of ife or human suffering or damage, + Destruction of property or damage to, + Or degradation of environment, * Nature or magnitude as to be beyond the coping capacity of the comnmnity of the affected area. * In other words it can be defined as the serious disruption in the function of society. Types of Disasters. Disasters are of two types. These are a. Natural Disasters b. Manmade Disasters A. Natural Disasters. It includes L. Earthquakes. Floods. 3. Cyclones. 4, Landslides. 5, Tsunami 6. Droughts B. Manmade Disasters Setting of fires Epidemic. Deforestation. Pollution duc to cultivation Chemical pollution Wars Industrial disaster Disaster Management Disaster management is the discipline of dealing with and avoiding risks, Tt is a discipline that involves. preparing, supporting, and rebuilding society when natural or human made disasters occur. Disaster Management includes to train People to minimize loss during disaster We can stop many natural disasters Natural disasters are easier to prevent than many other environmental problems. Today, there is more scientific knowledge and technological know-how than ever before to predict the effects a hazard might have before it strikes, After we find out the risks of a hazard and we can often take effective actions to reduce them. The cost of doing this is normally far lesser than the cost of clearing up after a natural disaster. Donor Agencies There are various important ay worldwide also who donate in disaster managemen agencies are: fncies in our nation and |. TheseSI | "oematina Jura of Malina Edenton am Resear ment Team 8) The United Nations Disaster Manager SSOEN et mi sense ein Rey a ae a a The primary purpose ofthe UNDMT ts #"To carr pomp eee and cancenedcounytve Sippor to Government response inthe event ofa disaster, athe cena, state and eubssae level, * To coordinate UN assistance to Government with respect to “long term. recovery, isader”"mligaion and Preparedness * To ‘coordinate all disuerelated activities, echnical advice and material assistance provided by UN agencies, as well ast take alps for optimal uilsaton of revurces by UN agence In India, ten UN agencies comprise the UN Disaster Management Team. These agencics are, Food and Agriculture Organisation, Intemational Labour Organisation, United Nations Development Programme, UNESCO, United Nations Population Fund, United Nations High Comm Refugees, UNICEF, World Food Programme and WHO, Ia January 2009, UNAIDS Uoint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS) became a member of the UNDMT. The UNDMT have played a vital role during disaster in our country. The UN Disaster Management Teams have monitored the situation and coordinated emergency relict ‘eperations during various emergencies. For eg. Bihar Floods uugust 2008, Indian Ocean Tsunami on 26 December 2004, Gujarat Earthquake-on26 January 2001 at 08:46, West Bengal Floods in 2000, Orissa super-cyctone on 29 October 1999, Maharashtra earthquake at Latur on 30 September-1993,-on-14 June~2015, The Tatest Himalayan tsunami that suddenly struck Uttarakhand and some parts of Himachal Pradesh and recently on 12 Oct 2013 a very severe cyclonic storm struck the coastal regions of Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. According to GOI reports thousands of people have been died, lakhs have injured, lakhs were evacuated to safer Places, lakhs of houses were damaged and people in erores have been affected by these disasters at different times. Over 6.5 lakh people (5.5 lakh in Orissa and 01 takh in AP) had been evacuated by the administration before the strongest Super cyclone hit the region. The Indian Army readied 18 helicopters, 12 aircrafts, 2 naval ships and 2000 personnel The NDRF put 29 teams for Orissa and 15 for Andhra Pradesh. Timely warning, good planning and proper execution enabled the authorities to minimise the loss of life, ‘b) National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Iaada by the Prins MA ARES de OAR Disaster Management in India. On 23 December 2005, the setting up of the NDMA and ei creation of an enabling, favronment for Iatnal mechaniins wie genoa District levels is mandated by the Dis. Mgmt Act, 2008, the Logo refects the aspirations of National Vinge, empowering all stakeholders fo" "Proving the effectNeneny ter Management i Nowitaardig we tact (ial oo caso management structure has been pUt in place and it is. ‘Mentored , by the National Disaster Management Authorsy (NDMA), uy the Prime Mi the level of response of Central and stats ageacies tft uch to be desi. The fact is thats excel for the NDMA, even after cight Years of the enactment ofthe Heer vAtagement Act, SDMAS are yet ig Baleeeenead ae eer and eade oPeT+iona, La sora Teo te dinaaer manageies! is tho cae ‘he denertment of relict and/rchabiliation, Horta gaeegiasel sreacy Bie services with adbo Personae oes Tea oon Any ational Disaster Response Force Pe otNDRF io handle a thalening disaster situation or a disaster, It functions under the National Disaster Management Authority. The NDRF is multciscilinry, iulltsklled and high-tech force) This fore asl eoes tite SM tuitions and those botations’ rc’ Tocatel vag different locations in India. sanding Mechanism 1 lout Catisnd faaked deities occa funds. = National Calamity Relief Fund. ‘= National Calamity Contingency Fund. + Proposal to create a disaster mitigation fund, + Prime Minister's Relief Fund. Chief Minister’s Relief Fund. 4) National Civil Defence College ‘The First Disaster Management ‘Training Institution of the country was founded on 29th April 1957 at Nagpur as the Central Emergency Relief Training Institute (CERTI) to support the Emergency Relief Organisation of the Government of India. This Central Institute organized Advanced and-specialist training for the leaders of Disaster ‘Relie# and (Response’ operations to manage the ‘consequences of any naturahor manmade disast ie vision Of the National Civil Defence College wilt be-anattonally recognized Center of Excellence for All Hazard Responder Training for Emergeney Responders and Security Services in India, ¢) Role of Armed Forces in Disaster Management The latest Himalayan tsunami that suddenly struck Uttarakhand and parts of Himachal Pradesh has once again revived debate over whether it ‘Was a natural disaster or a man- made tragedy. Whatever be the answer, one thing that comes ‘out clearly from what followed the catastrophe is that neitheroral Journal of Multiisciplinary Fidoeaton and Research Contre nor the state governments were in a position 19 pond to it adequately, The TTP, tndian Army ane Air raver reulianiy have 1 step in an assume total contol Of Titoion wherein the first responders proved nae ‘Thousands of pilgrims and Tocels wero were lef stranded in The Moodehit regions might have lost their hope A the rates okay, tne aces of uaiay were estoyed the Mash conti yaw sen in wn = The ThULeN ATS foods, wt Oe Toroes were the Frt to reac the stale, Tey Tidal they cod-= te Then poe eros UNE HVE with ropes or caving the weak on their shoulders. is the armed forces under the defence ministry that Wee called “out to, asi nd manage the situation. Theit rvatvement owever, was meant to. work. on he prineiple of being the “last to enter and the first 10 leave) Savery TE ‘most post-disaste operations the armed forces have been the lesan emer and ihe ase TAF Chief Mana Mr Browne, She visited the state after the cragie aocidem, told reporters, "Oh T just told them (soldiers) Ghat T want to sce them smiling I tld em they need to KeeP we forward.” Really, the soldiers are the unsung heroes fowever, in view of the fact that the disaster management Sjotem of the civil administration is yet to become ySratonal the evil authoites will continue to depend on the sre fresno Hence, a defined role for he armed forces in disaster management is required 1) Role of Indian Red Cross Society . During the First World War {i 1914, India had 00 ngantzation for relief services tothe affected soles; OCT) oTPrunch ofthe St John Ambulance Association and bY 2 107% ‘enmmainee of the Beidsh Red Cross. Later, » branch! of 94 Gaerne citer was sarted to undertake the mich nested weit cccvices in collaboration with the St. Sohn Amores Aanachaton in aid of the soldiers as well a civilian SNS aAeeS hears of that Great War. A bil to constitte the Une Rad Croce Sociery, Independent of the British Red Cross Ree eed io the Indien Leginitive Couns on 3rd MS=S ono ty Sir Claude Fill, member of the Vieeroy’s EXSSe Conn who was also Chien ‘atthe Joint war Committee in nd nc 1920, ify members were formally Nominaleg ora te Indian Red Cross Society and the fest MITES a ed om emg tes wits So Mallen Body was een md crcasiSonicy als oem oh Imemational Fede med Cross and Red Crescent ovement ) Role of Students in Disaster Management Snore aris. persoa wba having = arent 208) subject. Student power cannot be compared and distinguished with any Soe Dosis pest coregis nnn enOeTs Our cea eo cysiem has included the training prow the carat trom school level to rouse the helping nalurs © them sng of need. Lonceds unity in people 1 OnE OF ‘of that I et cat playa DC Ie iaIRRE Sa sible The saudens can play & a) TSM disaster Menagement. They can donate and help i rehabilitation, ert of viskaas a times of floods carihanskcs and Arought ete, They can play @ management, They cart Hep the vioti they wil do whatever they eu (imi very limportant role It distr mia with be ew of these disasters, It the daty of the teachers and echo ‘manigemnent ‘unulerstand their Ae dtansters, This witl minimize the hou hixve (0 motivate thi “tutes aad ceaponsibilicies during sad fer incontrolled disaster to rem to donate the most extent, We find save the lives 0 nation to make ut nation from the students of Jisation of scl pow ions, So ici the responsibility OF erful resources of the National School Safety Programme School Safety Programme (NSS?) bas esr Dinter Mitigation Projects wit provide safe Jeaming environment 1 the country. National iy (NDMA) shall implement the Ministry of Homan Resource Di fer Management Authorit Project in partnership with Development and 22 participating ‘States/UTS wit ae oe 24 enonths from the date of 3 Fae p11, am sure, that this, projet da ned il dae. For this, 22 Sales 43 districts implemen Tred lly for National imately rupees Programme. APPFO" fF India _for-six- different Sanctioned by the Government of components in this Programme 1h) National Servi ‘The National Service sponsored public Department of Youth Affai India. Popularly known as NSS, ‘Scheme 49, crore ‘Scheme (NSS) is an Indian coccied nO ervice program annij’s Centenary year, 1969. It aime at student's. person voluntary Universities and at +2 levels. NSS. programme: themselves, and ietpned participation in community S°VicS g involvement in the tasks of m i) Objectives ‘The programme and to provide set ‘work to ensure enhance their stan also. provides help in providing food, clothing iy through community Sis that it is of rssociation of young ‘The cardinal rganised BY J vould like to mention here that, The Government of India has approved National mnction of scheme on t would have been ic it 10 Let them a view (0 ith in a time government ‘irs anid Sports of the Govern of ee scheme was launched i people jini CoUcE ‘principle of the the students both students and teachers through their aims to inculcate social welfa ration building. ein students, aire to society without bias. NSS ‘volunteers that everyone wh dard of living and lead a Wife natural and man-made Mind first aid to the disaster VICumS: j) Role of National Cadet Corps Institution formed India since Apr Indian Military Cadi 1 6, open to schools and is a Tri-serviees orgs Air Force. The NCC in fecruits cadets from high schools, colleges an jet Corps with it ois needy gets Help of dignity. It “disasters. PY ory of National Cadet Corps dates 38 £7 back as May ToD! when C. M. Philips, the acting. prise te wal of Raffles ade corps vanitdiTheiN© Clisiens cep cag The National Cadet Corps is te college studen nization, comprisin India is voluntary oft Over India, The year 2001 was a significant onc ts HQ at New Delhi Tt is * on voluntary basis. NCC ig the Army, Navy and ganisation which d universities all for NCC as itLL nent ‘mcmatonl Joana of Muleieninry Fdaeton wel Research marks the 100M anniversary of the formation of the elite organisation, Today the National Cadet Comps is one of the biggest UG in the family of Uniformed Groups with more than 13 lakh endets, ‘im of the movement is to improve the physique and discipline of the students, and to inspire them with ideals of cesprit-de-corps and patriotism. k) Role of the Bharat scouts and guides ‘The Bharat Scouts and Guides is the national Scouting and Guiding association of India. Scouting was founded. 1909 as an overseas branch of the Scout Associatio became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1938. Guiding in India started in 1911 and was amongst the founder members of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts in 1928, The BSG serves 28, 86,460 (Approx 29 Lakh) Scouts (as of 2011) and 12, 86, 161 (Approx 13 Lakh) Guides (as of 2005). In colleges, these ‘Scouts and Guides are known as Rangers and Rovers. Scout Motto. * Cubs/Bulbuls - Koshish Karo (Do your best). = Scouts/Guides - Taiyar (Be Prepared), «= Rovers/Rangers - Seva (Service) 1) Role of Nehru Yuva Kendras Nehru Yuva Kendras were established in the year 1972 with the objective of providing rural youth avenues to take parti the process of nation building as well as providing ‘opportunities for the development of their personality and stalls In the year 1987-88, Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangalhan (NYKS) was scl up aS an autonomous organization under the Goverment of India, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports to oversee working of these Kendras. This sangathan is the largest grassroots level voluntary organization; one of its kind fn the world, Over the years, Nehru Yuva Kendra Sanguthan has established « network of youth clubs in villages, where ‘Nebni Yuva Kendras have been set up. The core strength of INYKS lies in its network of youth clubs. ‘Objectives of NYKS are 1 Toimvolve the rural youth in nation building activities 2 Todevelop such skills and values in them with which they become responsible and productive citizens of a ‘modem, secular and technological nation. m) Role of Mahila/ Yuvak Mandals Afier Independence the main thrust was given for the rural developement to build strong and Modern India as enshrined ‘in Ghandian thoughts. As a part of this, National Extension Service Scheme was implemented by Govt. of India. Karaikal region (ia Andhra Pradesh) was declared as National Extension Service Block, and the office started functioning at Thirunallar on 2nd October 1956. These Mahila and Yuvak Mandals haye played vital role in disaster management during the past times and have contributed lot for development of the society. ‘Objectives ry out various Objectives of Malila/Yuvak munidals are ¢o carry ott various ety Deven rages in the blocks, dst tol uate levels Promotion and Svengthening of Yuvak | Mahila Mandals, (er Management Dis é isin BD TNE Oks oC He ae thd laastraht donation ‘The health sector is one is ment. It is emphasized that agency in disaster and risk management. sired Mak of clarity has impacted the governments implementation theca ip ote ere ovemnce mater oe por and the marginal The whe an he tak and epost pvt [peace Gc ranagene tae Hospitals and heh faites sro sil an ral pals ae tdoned ncuding saan cates nse plans which would have measures for the focus on respor reduction, control, mitization and finally response ae eercayAnuther identified pitfall is that standard flen considered sufficient in terms operating procedures are of et in te of preparedness to respond where what js required a plan which i daseminated and simple 10 use, and which ‘llocated roles and responsibilities to all the key players svithin the facility. Equipping health care facilities for times of ratural disasters is of great importance all over the world, éapecially in developing countries such as India. o) NG : 2 ings tumber of Non-Governmental Organisations. donate and play an integral role in the preparedness for, response to, and recavery from all scales of emergency or disaster at worldwide. Some of them are ‘Action by Churches Together. ACTIONAID. ‘Adventist Development and International Relief Agency, ‘African Medical and Research Foundation. ‘Amnesty International, Australian Aid Catholic Charities USA. Christian Disaster Response Intl. Food for the Hungry. 10, Int, Relief Friendship Foundation (IRFF). 11. Japanese Red Cross Society. 12, Medical Teams International. 13. National Emergency Response Team. 14. REACT Intemational. 15. International Red Cross / Red Crescent. 16. World Health Organization. Conelusion India envisions the development of an cthos of Prevention, Mitigation and Preparedness and will strive to promote a National resolve 1 mitigate the damage and destruction caused by natural and man-made disasters, through sustained and collective efforts of all Government agencies, Non- Governmental Organisations and people's participation, by 10DB a Teg . y ectoral Si ven, Pro- Acti Jd Dynamic iaie®Y fr building At ha 've, Mulli-Haza : a ing a Sater, isaster Resi . nee lations: In Thalia, the d level of and in th Air usar ' Fee ij 's for DM at . Disaster Ce bie is ‘ommut coh nication Net 7 tay Should be improved Early Warning remes to educational and non-govern tional Cooperation, Tovision of ad Project Preparative uns ea aration and Research Programme, agencies “dination between disaster ‘management “ Like RITY e RT, Bovt offices and in all the ee 88 they display the information regarding Foot Public Information Officer, his address. and telephone numbers, similarly the information Various donor if rath : agencies should be displayed alongwith sbeir Fall uddvese, elbphone'eniabeslica other relevant information ete » 80 that these agencies may be approached ‘coordinated before any emergency, institutes & other agencies, » like in all the Discussion Points 1 NDMA, even after cight years of the enactment of the Disaster’ Management Act, SDMAs are yet to be established all ov ‘er the country and made operational, This process is very slow. We should imagine why after 8 years SDMAS have not been formed till date in some of the states. Role of Armed Forces should be well defined, because, the Primary task of Armed Forces is to secure the borders/boundaries of our nation. But, what we see in our daily life, everywhere army is ordered to handle the situation within the country. For example, a boy or girl fell in a ditch or bore well, naxalists problem, communal riots in states and so on. The army is deployed without doing any serious efforts by the local and state administration So, this is a serious problem as far as role of armed forces is concerned. Their involvement, however, was meant to work on the principle of being the ‘last to enter and the first to leave’. But mostly, in disaster operations, the armed forces have been the first to enter and the last to leave. References http://www ndmindia.nic.in/ ttp://www.fema.gov/ http://svww-gisdevelopment.net bttp://www.environmenttimes,net http://www nidm.net/ http://www.un.org.in/untrs/ Encyclopedia of Disaster Management By Goel,S. L. Deep & Deep Publications Pvt Lid, 8, Disaster Management By R.B, Singh, Rawat Publications payapne