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• Currently, the total Mcap of Indian markets is around Rs.1.9x10^14
• The uptrend in market capitalization is predominantly seen in 2014, 2017 and late 2020
• 2014 : Modi Gov. win, Growth Budget anticipated by new Gov, RBI’s Repo rate cut (liquidity infusion in market & cheaper loans)
• 2017 : Robust DII inflow, Midcap & Smallcap Rally, Stronger Rupee helped FII stay in Indian market, Business optimism improved on stable
Gov & it boosted Infra projects, Cyclical sectors (Housing, Realty, Infra, Construction, Banking & Auto) went up, Heavy liquidity infusion in
stock market post demonetization
• Later 2020 : Strong V-shaped recovery in Economic activities post COVID lockdown, Better-than-expected financial performance by Indian
Corporates, High FII inflow in Indian markets, Rise in Weightage of India in MSCI Emerging market Index, Anticipation of strong growth
outlook ahead in FY22 & FY23 due to lower base effect in FY21
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Market in last 10 years
120 Mcap to GDP Average
100
100
81 83
79 79
80 71
66 69
64
60 56
40
20
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
• Mcap to GDP is a valuation metric used to assess the valuation of the stock market. It is expressed as country’s total market
capitalization (value of all listed companies as a % of Nominal GDP)
• The 10 year average of the metric is 75. Thus, currently the market, where Mcap to GDP ratio is 100, seems to be considerably
overvalued as compared with the historical average valuation. The uptick in market valuation is mainly driven by strong optimism in
the market on V-shaped economic recovery, COVID vaccination drive and robust FII inflows into the Indian equities.
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SENSEX EPS Growth
SENSEX EPS
1600
1488 1499
1500
1373
1400 1333 1358 1340 1357
1300
1179
1200
1109
1100 1024
1000
900
800
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
• EPS growth of SENSEX in last 10 years has been 6% (CAGR). As we will see later on, earnings play a major role in stock’s
performance
100%
24 23 18 21 20
27 27 28 30
80% 35
60%
40% 76 77 82 79 80
73 73 72 70
65
20%
0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
• Currently, top 100 companies represents 73% share of the total Mcap of all the Indian companies (listed)
• Thus, the total market cap of the listed universe is majorly contributed by the Large cap companies, due to
the availability of higher free-float market cap in large cap stocks (vs Midcap and Smallcap stocks)
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Listing/Delisting in last 10 years
Listing Delisting
450 418
400
350 319
311 311
300
250 242
213
200
147 146
150
116 124 106
97 101
100
50 31 38
23 19 23 24 25
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Only Bajaj Finance was a mid cap company in 2011 while the rest were all small cap companies
2010 Large 55 37 8
2010 Mid 28 47 75
New Additions 16 35 64
The Stock crossovers is a matrix which indicates the number of upgrades and the
downgrades over the last decade (2010-2020)
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Crossovers – Small cap to Large Cap (Upgrade)
Only one company was able to make the jump of Small cap to large cap
Year 2020 2020 2020 from 2010 to 2020 – PI Industries
In 2011, the company’s stock traded @ Rs.50 which is now around Rs.
2010 Small 1 31 104 2,100
New The company witnessed a sales growth of 20%(CAGR) and a net profit
16 35 64
Additions growth of 27%(CAGR) in last decade. For detailed analysis, Click here
Market
Large Mid Small The most popular among them are Bajaj Finance, Bajaj Finserv, Tech
Cap
Mahindra, Divis Lab, Britannia and Eicher Motors.
2010 Large 55 37 8
Bajaj twins and Eicher motors have been among the top performers
witnessing a growth of 62%(Bajaj Finance), 35%(Bajaj Finserv) and
2010 Mid 28 47 75
35%(Eicher Motors) in last decade.
2010 Small 1 31 104 As discussed earlier, there 2 most important factors which drives the
stock performance :
New 1. Earnings Visibility
16 35 64 2. Earnings Growth Potential
Additions
Most of the companies in the list are PSU companies, where earnings
2010 Mid 28 47 75 visibility is there, but these companies lag behind in earnings growth,
which stimulates the stock performance
Market
Large Mid Small
Cap
As you can see, most of the companies are Capital-Intensive and
2010 Large 55 37 8 6 out of 8 are PSUs
2010 Mid 28 47 75
Most of these companies V-Mart Retail, Muthoot
2010 Small 1 31 104
(HDFC Life, ICICI Lombard, Finance and LTI were the
Bandhan Bank, ICICI Pru, most successful companies
SBI Life) belong to the BFSI among the 125 new
New sector. entrants.
16 35 64
Additions
Pharma &
2859 7631 10.3% -* 39.8
Healthcare
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Top performing IPOs
Company Name Sector IPO Return (x Times Growth)
• Valuation analysis is difficult as it is industry specific, hence we have mentioned PE of top 10 companies by Market cap
• It indicates that good companies manage to give decent returns irrespective of their valuations, thus companies with
strong earnings visibility and earnings growth enjoys premium valuation
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Valuations Trend
PE Ratio (BSE 500)
35
30.0
30
26.6 25.9
24.3 24.7
25
21.0
20 17.7 18.4 18.0
15.7
15
10
5
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
• The graph clearly indicates that valuation of the market is currently at its highest in 2020.
• Note: PE of 2020 should also consider the reduced Earnings due to Covid
• While, the PE ratio for as on February 9, 2021 is around 42, indicating market is currently
trading at a decadal high valuations, due to high market optimism and the lower EPS base
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Debt Analysis
Stock Returns
Sr. No. Company Name Market cap (Rs. Cr) 2010_D/E 2020_D/E • Companies which
(CAGR)
1 Bombay Dyeing 1,605 8.4 47.7 -2% reduced the debt over
last 10 years have been
2 Wockhardt Ltd. 2,601 6.0 1.2 4%
rewarded by the market
3 Tata Metaliks Ltd. 1,745 4.7 0.2 18%
very well
4 Tata Motors Ltd. 56,961 4.4 1.9 -2% • The stock performance
5 Jindal Stainless Ltd. 1,903 4.2 1.5 6% ie. CAGR returns are the
6 Alok Industries Ltd. 412 3.9 -2.4 18% clear indication of the
7 Fortis Healthcare Ltd. 10,048 3.8 0.2 7% same
8 Trident Ltd. 3,419 3.4 0.6 30% • Market always prefer
9 MMTC Ltd. 2,820 3.3 4.2 -28% debt-free or low debt
10 Welspun India Ltd. 4,943 3.2 1.2 29% companies (in case of
11 GMR Infrastructure Ltd. 12,585 3.1 -14.0 -1% Capital-intensive sector)
12 Adani Enterprises Ltd. 22,860 2.9 0.7 -3% • The effective utilization
13 Havells India Ltd. 40,674 2.7 0.0 28% of the Debt Capital
drives the profitability
14 TV18 Broadcast Ltd. 3,643 2.6 0.5 9%
growth, thereby offering
15 Rain Industries Ltd. 3,352 2.5 1.6 14% good stock performance
16 Dish TV India Ltd. 2,362 2.5 0.5 -11% • Return on capital
17 Ashoka Buildcon Ltd. 2,893 2.4 15.1 5% employed (ROCE) is also
18 Tata Steel Ltd. 56,323 2.4 1.6 2% assessed here along
19 Britannia Industries Ltd. 73,120 2.3 0.4 33% with D/E ratio
20 Power Grid Corporation Of India Ltd. 102,251 2.3 3.0 8%
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Debt Analysis
The Debt table represents the companies with highest (top 20) DE ratio in
2010.
Tata Metaliks, Trident, Havels, Welspun and Britannia are outliers, who despite
having high DE ratio performed well.
This was because their management was focused on reducing their debt which
can be seen from their 2020 figures.
Thus, only companies which had high DE ratio in 2010 AND were unable to
reduce it in last 10 years have performed poorly on stock market.
ROE Returns
There seems to be a weak correlation between
ROE and share returns
X > 40 18% (= 0.3) : especially for companies with high ROE.
ROE>13 ROE<13
100%
80% 15
20
24 26 26 26
60% 27 27 27
30
40%
22
20% 17
13 11 11 11
10 10 10
7
0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
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