UNIVERSIDAD VIRTUAL

ENGLISH V

Summary of explanations and exercises

WEEK 5
 Content

04. Must - have to - should

05. Modal: must and had to

06. Modals: should

08. Would you mind + verb in -ing

09. Food

10. Pearl's Party Service

12. Simple past vs past progressive

Must - have to - should
MUST HAVE TO

1. Express personal obligation. 1. Express impersonal

2. Express what the speaker. obligation.
thinks is necessary. 2. The subject is forced to act
3. Express subjective obligation. by a separate, external
power.
Example: 3. Express objective obligation.
• I must work hard.
• All workers must wear boots. Example:
• I have to leave early today.
• You have to pay far the bills .

MUSTN’T
DON’T HAVE TO
1. It is prohibited.
2. It’s not allowed. 1. There's no obligation
3. It is important that you do 2. You are not required to do
not do something. something, especially if you
don't want to.
Example:
• I mustn't smoke. Example:
• Workers mustn't use • You don't have to drink that.
cellphone. • She doesn't have to come.

SHOULD

1. Suggest something
2. Give Advice

Example:
• She should send the CV to that company.
• We should study the vocabulary.
Modals:
Must and Had To

Read the following dialogue between Arlene and Yvonne. Fill in the blanks using
the modals: had to, didn't have to, must, mustn't.

Yvonne Arlene, you (1)__________________ tell me how you got the idea of
opening a T-shirt factory.

Arlene Well. I (2) _______________leave school at 16 to help my parents and I

got a job in a clothing factory.

Yvonne Really? Wow, working in a factory as a teenager (3) _________ be hard!

Arlene lt was all right, actually. We (4 ___________work too hard - only 6 hours
a day. The only thing I really didn't like was the horrible brown uniform
we (5) ___________ wear.

Yvonne Brown? l like brown. By the way, we (6) _____________ decide on

some rules for our factory workers.

Arlene OK, but we (7) ____________ make them wear anything they don't want
to wear!
Modals:
Should

a. Liz is on vacation in Jamaica. Somebody stole her bag. Liz calls her friend,
Judy, and asks her what she should do. Complete the dialogue below using the
correct form of the modal should .

Liz Hi, Judy l! Listen, it's Liz. My bag was stolen a few minutes ago. I had
everything in there - all my money, my passport, my airline tickets!

Judy Oh, no! You ____________________ keep things like that in your bag!

Liz Well, it's a bit late to tell me that now! What ____________________?

Judy Well, first I think you ________________________call the Police.

Liz Oh, my goodness. I think I see a man holding my bag. It must be the
thief! _______________________I try to get it back!

Judy No. no, you _____________ do anything dangerous! Just call the police!

b. Give a friend advice about the vacations below. Complete the table with a
sentence about each.

You should … You shouldn’t

skiing

Camping

safari

beach

go sightseeing
c. Read this dialogue between two passengers on a plane. Mark the sentences
below true or false.

Terri Hello!

Bob Hi. I see our seats are next to each other!

Terri Yes, that's nice. My name's Terri.

Bob Hi, Terri. I'm Bob. So what are you planning to do in St. Thomas?

Terri I'm just on vacation. I'm staying with some friends. There's a big dance
festival next week which I'm hoping to get tickets for. How about you?

Bob I'm here on business. You see, I'm one of the producers of the dance
festival.

Terri Wow! How exciting!

Bob Yes, but it's hard work. I have a few extra tickets to the festival, if you
like. You can bring your friends.

Terri Really? That would be wonderful! Thank you.

Announcer Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. On behalf of the captain and the crew,
we'd like to welcome you on board Delta Airlines Flight 449 to Atlanta. We
are now preparing for take-off. Please straighten your seats and fasten your
seat belts. Thank you, and we hope you have a pleasant flight.

True False
Bob and Terri meet on the plane because their seats are next to each
other.
Bob is going to St. Thomas to see the dance festival.
Terri is going to stay with friends
Bob invites Terri to stay with his friends in St. Thomas.
The announcer asks the passengers to fasten their seat belts because
they will soon be landing.
 Would you mind + verb in -ing

1. When we want the person, we are talking to, to do something.

Example:
• Would you mind helping me with this?
• Would you mind opening the window?

Match the sentences in column B to the appropriate situations in column A.

A B

You are asking Mr. Block's Would you mind helping me with
1 a this? I don't think I have all the
secretary to have him call you
back when he arrives. information.

You are asking a colleague to b

Can you tell me a little about your
2
help you write a report. experience in this kind of work?

I’m sorry. but I can't make our

You are asking Mr. Block's appointment today. Would you
3 c
secretary for the location of his mind rescheduling for later in the
office. week?

You are interviewing someone for Could you give me your exact
4 d
a job and are asking him to tell address again?
you about himself.

You are calling to postpone an Please ask him to call me back as

5 e
important business meeting. soon as possible
Food

a. Complete this dialogue between Gore May and the manager of the "Prima
Vera“ restaurant.

clean • cold • expensive • food • fresh • ingredients • stone

Manager Is everything all right, sir?

Gore May No, it isn't. I had to wait 45 minutes for my table and it wasn't even.
(1)__________________.

Manager Well, we are very busy at lunchtime. Your table looks clean to me. What
did you think of our (2) ___________________ ?

Gore May Everything is very (3)_____________________. How can you explain

charging $15 for strawberries and cream?

Manager We serve the best of everything and the best (4) ______________are
very expensive.

Gore May Well, you certainly didn't serve me the best rolls! They weren't
(5)_____________, the grilled fish was (6)__________________and I
found a (7) __________________in the chocolate nut cake.

Manager Most people say our food is delicious. Perhaps you just don't like Italian
food.
Pearl's Party Service

a. Did you understand all the words in the reading text, "Pearl's Party Service"?
Put the words below in the correct categories.

baked • cake • chicken • cream • delicious • fish • fresh grilled •

homemade • strawberries • rolls • salad • whipped

Words to describe food Kind of food

b. Circle the correct word in the sentences below.

1. I love the smell of fresh/freshly baked bread in the morning.

2. She makes the most delicious/deliciously food.

3. He runs a very successful/successfully restaurant.

4. This restaurant is nice, but it's very expensive/expensively.

5. The critic complained angry/angrily about the bad service.

6. We are expecting important/importantly guests for dinner.

 Pearl's Party Service

c. Complete the dialogue between a customer far Pearl's Party Service and Pearl.

Customer Hello, is that Pearl's Party Service?

Pearl Yes, it is. (1) __________________?

Customer l'd like to book a party service.

Pearl (2) ___________________?

Customer It's a birthday party for my son.

Pearl (3) ____________________?

Customer I'm expecting about 50 guests.

Pearl (4) ____________________?

Customer The party is next Wednesday.

Pearl (5) ____________________?

Customer We'd like lots of salads and fruit.

Pearl OK. I´ll send you a sample menu.

Simple past vs past progressive

SIMPLE PAST

1. Completed actions, habits, and facts in the past.

2. interrupts a continuous action.

Example:
• I went to the movies yesterday.
• Workers mustn't use cellphone.

PAST PROGRESSIVE

1. Actions in progress over a period of time.

2. Continuous actions.
3. Actions that are interrupted (action in the past)

Example:
• I was drinking lemonade when I called the server.
• She was washing the dishes while her sister was watching.
a. Gore May went to review another restaurant. Number the pictures of what
happened in the correct order.

Pay / come over read / spill eat / break

enjoy / start wait / crash

b. Complete Gore May's restaurant review.

Hello, listeners! This is Gore May with another restaurant review!

Last week I made a reservation for the new French restaurant. Le Vieux
Chalet. I was very disappointed. While I (1) ___________________far my
table, the manager of the restaurant (2) _________________ into me and
didn't even apologize!

Then while I (3) _____________________the menu, a waiter accidentally

soup all over me. And what about the food? Well, as my chicken. I suddenly
(6) __________________ my tooth on a stone.

Dessert was more successful. I had delicious strawberries and cream. But
as I (7) _____________________ my dessert, someone at the next
table(8) _______________smoking. Finally, when I (9) ________________
the bill. The manager (10) __________________ to apologize. But by then
it was too late! Listeners, if you want a good meal out, don't go to Le Vieux
Chalet!
 UNIVERSIDAD VIRTUAL

ENGLISH V
Summary of explanations and exercises

WEEK 5