Unit 2 Latin: Selections from Vergil’s Aeneid Vocabulary
Proper Nouns/Adjectives
Achates, -ae, m.: Achates, a
friend of Aeneas
Achilles, -i, m.: Achilles, the
greatest Greek warrior in
the Trojan war; the chief
character of the Iliad, which
focuses on his defeat of
Hector. Later, Apollo guided
Paris’ arrow into Achilles’
heel, killing him.
Achivi, -orum, m.: the
Greeks
Aeacides, -i, m.:
son/descendant of Aeacus =
Achilles, grandson of Aeacus
Aeneas, -ae, m.: Aeneas,
prince of Troy, son of Venus
Alba Longa: Alba Longa, a
city that Ascanius will found
in Latium
Albanus, a, um: Alban
(relating to the city of Alba
Longa)
Amazonides, -um, f.: the
Amazons, female warriors
who fought as allies of the
Trojans
Anchises, -ae, m.: Anchises,
the father of Aeneas
Argi, -orum, m.: Argos, a
city in the Peloponnese in
Greece; Greece itself
(metonymy); multiple
canines, each having a
tendency to snatch dinners
Ascanius, -i, m.: Ascanius,
son of Aeneas; also called
Iulus
Lavinium, -i, n.: Lavinium, a
city that Aeneas is destined
to found in Latium, named
after Lavinia, the bride he
will marry there
Assaracus, -i, m.: Assaracus,
grandfather of Anchises
Atridae, -arum, m.: the sons
of Atreus = Agamemnon
(king of Mycenae) and
Menelaus (king of Sparta)
Ausonii, -orum, m.: the
Italians (archaic/poetic
term)
Caesar, Caesaris, m.:
Caesar, a Roman cognomen;
could refer to either/both of
Julius Caesar/Augustus
Caesar
Cythereus, a, um:
of/relating to Cythera, an
island to the south of
Greece, sacred to Venus
Danai, -orum, m.: the
Greeks (named after
Danaus, a legendary figure
who came from Egypt and
settled in Argos)
Daunus, -i, m.: Daunus,
father of Turnus
Eous, a, um: Eastern
(literally ‘of the dawn)
Fides, -ei, f.: Loyaly/Faith
(goddess representing this
concept)
Furor, Furoris, m.:
Rage/Madness/Irrationality
(god represting this concept)
Ganymedes, -edis, m.:
Ganymede, a Trojan boy
who was taken up to heaven
by Jupiter to be his cup-
bearer/lover
Graii, -orum, m.: the Greeks
Lavinus, a, um: Lavine
(relating to the city of
Lavinium)
Libya, ae, f.: Libya; North
Africa; Carthage
(metonymy)
Hector, Hectoris, m. (acc. =
Hectora, Greek 3rd decl.):
Hector, the greatest Trojan
warrior in the Trojan War;
the Iliad focuses on his
contest with Achilles, in
which Hector is killed
Hectoreus, a, um:
of/relating to Hector
Ilia, -ae, f.: another name for
Rhea Silvia, mother of
Romulus and Remus
Iliacus, a, um: Trojan
Iliades, -um, f.: the Trojan
women
Ilius, a, um: Trojan
Italia, -ae, f.: Italy
Iulius, -i, m.: Iulius, a Roman
nomen (family name); to
either/both of Julius
Caesar/Augustus Caesar
Iulus, -i, m.: Iulus, son of
Aeneas; also called Ascanius
Iuno, Iunonis, f.: Juno,
queen of the gods
Karthago, -inis, f.: Carthage,
a city in North Africa
Latinus, a, um: Latin
(relating to the Latin people
or region of Latium)
Latium, -i, n.: Latium, a
region in southern Italy
where Rome will one day be
founded
Lavinia, -ae, f.: Lavinia,
daughter of King Latinus;
Aeneas and Turnus fight a
great war in Latium over her
Mars, Martis, m.: Mars, the
god of war
Mavortius, a, um:
of/relating to Mars
Memnon, -onis, m.:
Memnon, king of Ethiopia
who fought on the Trojan
side and was killed by
Achilles
Musa, -ae, f.: Muse; a muse
was an attendant of Apollo,
who inspired poets, artists,
writers etc. with creativity
Mycenae, -arum, f.:
Mycenae, a city in the
Peloponnese in Greece, ruled
by Agamemnon, the most
powerful Greek king
Pallas, Palladis, f.: Athena,
goddess of wisdom, military
strategy and craftsmanship
(from a Greek word meaning
‘to brandish a weapon’)
Pallas, Pallantis, m.: Pallas,
an Arcadian Greek youth,
son of Evander; he joins
Aeneas side in the war in
Latium but is killed by
Turnus (Book 10)
Parcae, -arum, f.: the
Parcae; the Fates; these
were three old women who
controlled the thread of
each individual’s life. Their
names were Nona, Decima,
and Morta; the Greek
equivalent, the Moirai, were
named Clotho, Lachesis, and
Atropos.
Paris, -idis, m.: Paris, prince
of Troy, who was integral in
beginning the Trojan War
through his judgement of
the goddesses and
abduction of Helen
Penthesilea, -ae, f.:
Penthesilea, the queen of
the Amazons, killed by
Achilles at Troy
Pergama, -orum. n.: the
citadel of Troy; metonymy
for the city of Troy
Phryges, -um, m.: Phrygians
(inhabitants of Phrygia in
Asia Minor, a region to the
east of Troy) = Trojans
Phthia, -ae, f.: Phthia, a city
in northern Greece, ruled by
Achilles
Priamus, -i, m.: Priam, king
of Troy during the Trojan
War.
Quirinus, -i, m.: Quirinus, a
Roman god identified with
the deified Romulus
Remus, -i, m.: Remus, twin
brother of Remus
Rhesus, -i, m.: Rhesus, king
of Thrace, who fought on
the Trojan side; killed by
Diomedes during his raid
Roma, -ae, f.: Rome
Romani, -orum, m.: the
Romans
Romanus, a, um: Roman
Romulus, -i, m.: the founder
of Rome, son of Mars
Rutuli, -orum, m.: the
Rutuli/Rutulians, a people of
Latium
Rutuli, -orum, m.: the
Rutulians, a people of
Latium, led by Turnus; they
lead the war against the
Trojans in books 7-12 of the
Aeneid
Samos, -i, f.: Samos, an
island in the Aegean Sea,
inhabited by Greeks
Sarpedon, Sarpedonis, m.:
Sarpedon, son of Jupiter,
who fought on the Trojan
side in the Trojan War
Saturnius, a, um: relating to
Saturn, father of Jupiter and
Juno; Saturnia, -ae, f. = Juno
Simois, Simoentis, m.: a
stream that flows near Troy
Tiberinus, a, um: of/relating
to the Tiber, a river in Latium
which runs through Rome
Troes, -um, m.: the Trojans
(acc. pl. = Troas = Greek 3rd
decl. acc. pl.)
Troia, -ae, f.: Troy
Troianus, a, um: Trojan
Troilus, -i, m.: Troilus, a
Trojan prince, son of Priam,
killed by Achilles in the
Trojan War
Turnus, -i, m.: Turnus, king
of the Rutuli in Latium;
fought against Aeneas over
Lavinia, daughter of King
Latinus
Tydides, -ae, m.: son of
Tydeus = Diomedes, one of
the greatest Greek warriors
at Troy. In Book 5 of the
Iliad, ge fights against
Aeneas, who is saved by
Venus.
Tyrii, -orum, m.: refers to
either/both of: Tyrians
(inhabitants of the city of
Tyre in Phoenicia);
Carthaginians (inhabitants
of Carthage, a colony of
Tyre)
Tyrius, a, um: of/relating to
Tyre (city in Phoenicia)
and/or Carthage (city in
North Africa)
Vesta, -ae, f.: Vesta,
goddess of the family and
hearth
Xanthus, -i, m.: Xanthus, the
river of Troy (also called
Scamander; Homer states
that the river was called
Scamander by humans and
Xanthus by gods)

a/ab + abl.: from; by
(person)
accendo, accendere,
accendi, accensus: to set on
fire
accipio, -ere, accepi,
acceptus: to receive
acer, acris, acre: sharp;
fierce
acies, -ei, f.: battle-line
ad + acc.: to/towards; at
(with city name)
addo, addere, addidi,
additus: to add; give to
adeo, -ire, -ii, itus: to go to
adversus, a, um: opposed;
enemy
aenus, a, um: made of
copper/bronze
aequor, aequoris, n.: a level
surface; the sea
aequus, a, um: even; fair;
favourable
aestas, -atis, f.: summer
aetas, aetatis, f.: age
balteus, -i, m.: sword-belt
beatus, a, um: blessed
bellatrix, bellatricis, f.: a
female warrior
caedes, -is, f.: slaughter
caelestis, e: heavenly;
divine; of the gods
caelum, -i, n.: sky; heaven
campus, -i, m.: field
cano, -ere, cecini, cantus: to
sing
canus, a, um: grey-haired
castra, -orum, n.: camp
General Vocabulary
agmen, agminis, n.: column
(of soldiers)
agnosco, agnoscere, agnovi,
agnitus: to recognise
ago, agere, egi, actus: to
drive
aio: to speak
aliqui, aliquae, aliquod:
some
alius, a, um: other; another
altus, a, um: high; deep
ambo, -ae, o (dat/abl. –
obus): both
amicus, -i, m.: friend
amitto, amittere, amisi,
ammisus: to lose
anima, -ae, f.: breath of life;
spirit; soul
animus, -i, m.: mind
annus, -i, m.: year
ante + acc.: before; in front
of
antiquus, a, um: ancient
appareo, apparere, apparui,
apparitus: to appear
bello, -are: to make war; to
fight (in a war)
bellum, -i, n.: war
casus, -us, m.: fall; mishap
causa, -ae, f.: reason; cause
centum: one-hundred
cerno, cernere, crevi,
cretus: to perceive; to see
cervix, cervicis, f.: neck
cingulum, -i, n.: sword-belt
circum + acc.: around
clarus, a, um: bright; famous
arcanus, a, um: secret
arceo, arcere, arcui: to keep
away
ardeo, -ere: to burn
arma, -orum, n.:
weapons/armour; arms
artifex, artificis, m.:
craftsman, artist
artus, a, um: tight; close-
fitting
arx, arcis, f.: citadel
asper, aspera, asperum:
harsh, severe
ast = at: but
at: but
ater, atra, atrum: black;
dark
atque: and
audeo, audere, ausus sum:
to dare
audio, -ire: to hear; listen
aureus, a, um: golden
aurum, -i, n.: gold
averto, avertere, averti,
aversus: to turn away
bibo, bibere, bibi, bibitus:
to drink
bulla, -ae, f.: stud
claudo, claudere, clausi,
clausus: to close; shut
clipeus, -i, m.: a (round)
shield
coepi, coepisse: to begin
cognomen, cognominis, n.:
cognomen; nick-name
colo, -ere, colui, cultus: to
take care of; honour
colonus, -i, m.: a settler
coma, -ae, f.: hair (of the
head)
compages, -is, f.: a joint
concieo, conciere, concivi,
concitus: to move violently;
stir up
concurro, concurrere,
concurri, concursus: to rush
together; clash (+ dat.)
condo, -ere, condidi,
conditus: to found (a city)
congressus, -us, m.: meeting
coniunx, coniugis, m/f:
husband/wife
consilium, -i, n.: counsel,
advice
dea, -ae, f.: goddess
demitto, demittere, demisi,
demissus: to send down
deprecor, -ari: to try to
avert by asking; to pray for
mercy
deus, -i, m.: god
dextra, -ae, f.: the right-
hand (i.e. sword-hand)
dico, dicere, dixi, dictus: to
say; speak; call
dirus, a, um: terrible
effundo, effundere, effudi,
effusus: to pour out
ego, me, mei, mihi, me:
I/me
eminus: from afar (adv.)
en: behold!
enim: for (start of sentence
in English)
eo, ire, ii, itus: to go
equidem: indeed
equus, -i, m.: horse
consisto, consistere,
constiti, constitus: to stop
consurgo, -ere, consurrexi,
consurrectus: to rise up
together
contigit + dat.: it happened
(+ dat.; with infinitive)
contra + acc.: opposite;
against
contundo, -ere, contudi,
condusus: to crush
corpus, corporis, n.: body
corripio, corripere, corripui,
correptus: to seize
corusco, -are: to shake
dissulto, -are: to leap apart
dives, -is: rich (+ gen.)
divus, a, um: divine; divus =
a god; diva = a goddess
do, dare, dedi, datus: to
give
doleo, -ere: to suffer; grieve
for
dolor, doloris, m.: pain;
sorrow
dominor, -ari: to rule over (+
abl. or gen.)
eripio, eripere, eripui,
ereptus: to snatch away;
rescue; free
erro, -are: to wander
et: and; also
etiam: still; even
ex + abl.: from; out of;
according to
exanimus, a, um: lifeless
excidium, -i, m.: destruction;
overthrow
crepitus, -us, m: a crashing
noise
crinis, -is, m.: a hair (of the
head)
cristatus, a, um: crested;
plumed
cruentus, a, um: bloody
cum + abl.: with
cum: when
cunctor, -ari: to delay
cura, -ae, f.: care; concern;
worry
currus, -us, m.: chariot
dominus, -i, m.: master
domus, -us, f.: house
(building/family)
donec: until
duco, ducere, duxi, ductus:
to lead; draw
dum: while; until
duplex, duplicis: double
duplico, -are: to double
over; to bend
excido, excidere, excidi: to
fall away
excipio, excipere, excepi,
exceptus: to take up
exitium, -i, n.: destruction
expleo, -ere, explevi,
expletus: to fulfill
exsertus, a, um: bared
extemplo: straightaway
extremus, a, um: furthest
exuviae, -arum, f.: spoils
fama, -ae, f.: reputation;
rumour
fatalis, e: fateful; fatal
fatigo, -are: to tire; wear out
fatum, -i, n.: fate
femur, feminis, n.: thigh
fero, ferre, tuli, latus: to
bear; bring; carry
ferox, ferocis: fierce
ferrum, -i, m.: iron
implement; iron bar; sword
fertur: ‘is said’ (often
introduces indirect
statement)
galea, -ae, f.: helmet
geminus, a, um: twin
gemitus, -us, m.: a groan; a
sigh
gemo, gemere, gemui,
gemitus: to sigh; groan
hac...hac...: here...there...
haereo, -ere: to cling to
(with dat. or abl.)
hasta, -ae, f.: spear
haurio, haurire, hausi,
haustus: to absorb; take in
iaceo, -ere: to lie down (in
death)
iacto, -are: to throw
iam iamque: more and more
iam: now; already
icio, icere, ici, ictus: to strike
ille, illa, illud:
he/she/it/they; that/those
immitis, e: harsh, cruel,
pitiless
immolo, -are: to sacrifice
immotus, a, um: unmoved
fervidus, a, um: seething
figo, figere, fixi, fixus: to fix;
fasten
finis, finis, m.: end
flecto, flectere, flexi, flexus:
to bend; influence
flumen, fluminis, n.: river
for, fari, fatus sum: to speak
forma, -ae, f.: appearance;
beauty
fortis, e: brave
fortuna, -ae, f.: fortune; luck
foveo, fovere, fovi, fotus: to
foster, cherish, support
genitor, genitoris, m.: father
gens, gentis, f.: race; people
genus, generis, n.: kind;
type; race
gero, gerere, gessi, gestus:
to conduct; wage (war)
hic (adv.): here
hic, haec, hoc: this
hinc: from here (space or
time)
honor, honoris, m.: honour,
respect, dignity
impar, imparis: unequal,
uneven
impello, impellere, impuli,
impulsus: to drive; force
imperium, -i, n.: rule;
command; power; empire
impius, a, um: undutiful;
godless
imus, a, um: lowest; the
bottom of
inanis, e: empty
incido, incidere, incidi,
incisus: to fall down
frater, fratris, m.: brother
fremo, -ere, fremui,
fremitus: to roar
frigus, frigoris, m.: the cold;
fear
fugio, fugere, fugi, fugitus:
to flee
fulgeo, fulgere, fulsi: to
flash; shine
fulmen, fulminis, n.:
lightning-bolt; thunderbolt
fulvus, a, um: tawny
furia, -ae, f.: passion; rage
furo, -ere: to rage; rave
gravis, e: heavy; pregnant
gusto, -are: to taste; partake
of
horridus, a, um: rough,
savage
humilis, e: humble
inde: from there
indignor, -ari: to be
offended; to be resentful
indutus, a, um: dressed in;
wearing
inermis, e: unarmed
infelix, infelicis: unlucky; ill-
fated
infero, inferre, intuli, illatus:
to bring
ingemo, ingemere: to groan
ingens, ingentis: huge
inimicus, a, um: enemy
iniuria (abl.): wrongfully
inquit: he/she says/said
inscribo, inscribere,
inscripsi, inscriptus: to
mark, inscribe
insigne, -is, n.: token;
decoration
insignis, e: distinguished
labor, labi, lapsus sum: to
slip; slide
labor, laboris, m.: work;
hardship
lacrima, -ae, f.: a tear
lacrimo, -are: to weep; cry
laedo, laedere, laesi, laesus:
to hurt; offend
laetus, a, um: happy;
rejoicing in (+ abl.)
magis: more
magnanimus, a, um: high-
minded
malo, malle, malui: to prefer
mamma, -ae, f.: a breast
maneo, -ere, mansi,
mansus: to remain
manus, -us, f.: hand
mare, maris, n.: the sea
medius, a, um: in the middle
of
melius: ‘in melius’ = onto a
better thing, i.e. ‘for the
better’
membrum, -i, n.: limb
memor, memoris (+ gen.):
mindful of; remembering (+
gen.)
memoro, -are: to recall
instar: just as; just like (+
gen.)
insto, -are, institi: to press
on; pursue
inter + acc.: between;
amongst
interea: meanwhile
intorqueo, -ere, intorsi,
intorsus: to hurl
largus, a, um: abundant
latus, a, um: broad; wide
laus, laudis, f.: praise;
praiseworthy action
litus, -oris, n.: shore
locus, -i, m.: place
longe: far; far off (adv.)
lorica, -ae, f.: breast-plate
mens, mentis, f.: mind
mensis, -is, m.: month
mereo, -ere, merui,
meritus: to deserve
meta, -ae, f.: boundary
metuo, -ere, metui,
metutus: to fear
metus, -us, m.: fear
milia, -orum, n.: thousands
miser, misera, miserum:
wretched; pitiable
misereor, -eri: to pity (+
gen.)
mitisco, -ere: to become soft
moenia, -ium, n.: (city-)walls
moles, molis, f.: a mass;
might; difficulty
mons, montis, m.: mountain
intus: within (adv.)
invisus, a, um: hated
ipse, ipsa, ipsum:
himself/herself/itself/thems
elves (emphasis)
ira, -ae, f.: anger
iudicium, -i, n.: judgement
ius, iuris, n.: law; right
iuventus, -us, f.: the youth
lorum, -i, n.: rein, bridle (of
a horse)
lumen, luminis, n.: light
lunatus, a, um: crescent-
shaped
lupa, -ae, f.: female wolf
lustro, -are: to observe
lustrum, -i, n.: period of five
years
monumentum, -i, n.:
memorial
mortalis, e: mortal
mos, moris, m.: custom
moveo, movere, movi,
motus: to move
multa (n. acc. pl. as adv.):
much; a lot (adv.)
multus, a, um: much; many
(pl.)
munio, -ire: to fortify; build
muralis, e: relating to a wall
(tormentum murale = a
siege engine that sends
missiles against walls)
murus, -i, m.: wall
namque = nam: for (start of
sentence in English)
nascor, nasci, natus sum: to
be born
-ne: indicates a question
nec...nec...: neither...nor...
necdum: not yet
o: particle used to introduce
vocatives
ob + acc.: on account of;
because of
occumbo, occumbere,
occubui, occubitus: to fall
down in death; to die
oceanus, -i, m.: the ocean
(sea that borders the world)
oculus, -i, m.: eye
odium, -i, n.: hatred
olim: once (past); one day
(future)
pabulum, -i, n.: fodder
palma, -ae, f.: palm (of
hand)
pando, pandere, pandi,
passus: to spread out;
(crines passi = dishevelled
hair)
parco, parcere, peperci,
parsus (+ dat.): to spare (+
dat.)
pars, partis, f.: part
partus, -us, m.: child-birth
pasco, pascere, pavi,
pastum: to feed
pater, patris, m.: father
patior, pati, passus sum: to
suffer; endure
pectus, -oris, n.: chest;
breast
pelta, -ae, f.: a light shield
nemus, nemoris, n.: grove
neque: nor
niger, nigra, nigrum: black
niveus, a, um: snowy-white
nodus, -i, m.: a knot
nomen, nominis, n.: name
non: not
omnis, e: every; all
onustus, a, um: loaded;
laden
opes, -um, f.: resources;
wealth
opperior, opperiri, oppertus
sum: to wait for
oppeto, oppetere, oppetii,
oppetitus (mortem): to
meet (death)
opus, operis, n.: work (e.g.
of art)
peplum, -i, n./peplus, -i, m.:
robe (to be dedicated as a
sacrifice to Athena, whose
statue will be clothed in it)
per + acc.: through; during
(time)
permisceo, permiscere,
permiscui, permixtus: to
mix together
pictura, -ae, f.: painting;
picture
pietas, pietatis, f.: pietas
(duty towards gods, family,
country)
placeo, placere, placui,
placitus: to please
plenus, a, um: full of (+ gen.
or abl.)
pono, ponere, posui,
positus: to place; establish;
lay away
poples, poplitis, m.: the
knee
nosco, noscere, novi, notus:
known
numen, numinis, n.: nod;
divine will; divine being
numquam: never
nunc: now
nutrix, nutricis, f.: foster
mother; nurse
ora, -ae, f.: coast; shore;
edge/rim
orbis, -is, m.: rotation;
turning; the world; edge
(outer ring)
ordo, ordinis, m.: order
oriens, orientis, m.: the East
origo, originis, f.: origin
oro, -are: to beg
os, oris, n.: face
ostium, -i, n.: river-mouth
populus, -i, m.: a people
porta, -ae, f.: gate
possum, posse, potui: to be
able to
post + acc.: after; behind
posthabeo, posthabere,
posthabui, posthabitus: to
consider after/lesser
postquam: after
praemium, -i, n.: reward
precor, -ari: to pray; beg
premo, premere, pressi,
pressus: to press upon
primus, a, um: first
princeps, principis, m.:
prince
prius quam: before
pro + abl.: for; on behalf of
procul: far off
prodo, prodere, prodidi,
proditus: to bring forth
profugus, a, um: fleeing
progenies, -ei, f.: offspring;
descendants
proles, -ei, f.: offspring
qua: in any way; at all (in
conditional clause)
quando: since; when
quater: four-times; f’rice
rapio, rapere, rapui, raptus:
to snatch, seize, steal (e.g. to
snatch a dinner)
rapto, -are: to seize and
carry away (e.g much like a
dog might do to a dinner)
recludo, recludere, reclusi,
reclusus: to uncover; to
pierce
reddo, reddere, reddidi,
redditus: to return
refero, referre, rettuli,
relatus: to bear back
sacerdos, sacerdotis, m/f:
priest; priestess
saeculum, -i, n.: age
saevus, a, um: fierce; savage
salus, salutis, f.: safety;
salvation
sanguis, sanguinis, m.:
blood
saxum, -i, n.: a rock; a stone
sceleratus, a, um: wicked;
impious
scutum, -i, n.: shield
se, sui, sibi, se:
onself/himself/herself/them
selves
securus, a, um: free from
care
sed: but
promitto, promittere,
promisi, promissus: to
promise
protendo, protendere,
protendi, protentus: to
stretch forward
-que: and
qui, quae, quod: who, which
quin: but indeed
regina, -ae, f.: queen
regio, regionis, f.: region
regno, -are: to reign
regnum, -i, n.: kingdom
reliquiae, -arum, f.: the
remains; the ruins
remitto, remittere, remisi,
remissus: to send back
remordeo, -ere, remordi,
remorsus: to gnaw at; to
worry
sedeo, sedere, sedi: to sit
sedis, -is, f.: seat; home
senecta, -ae, f.: old-age
sententia, -ae, f.: opinion
septemplex, septemplicis:
seven-layered
sermo, seminis, m.: speech;
talking
servitium, -i, n.: slavery
seu: or
si: if
sic: thus
sidus, sideris, n.: star
sine + abl.: without
singulus, a, um: single, one
at a time
puer, pueri, m.: boy
pugna, -ae, f.: fight; battle
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum:
beautiful
pulvis, -eris, m.: dust
quis, quid: who, what
(interrogative)
quoque: also
remugio, -ire: to bellow
back
repono, reponere, reposui,
repostus: to store up
reprimo, reprimere,
repressi, repressus: to hold
back
res, rei, f.: thing; matter;
affair
resupinus, a, um: bent
backwards; lain low
rex, regis, m.: king
sino, sinere, sivi, situs: to
allow
solum, -i, n.: the ground
solvo, solvere, solvi,
solutus: to loosen
somnus, -i, m.: sleep
sors, sortis, f.: lot; fortune
sortior, sortiri: to choose
sperno, spernere, sprevi,
spretus: to reject, scorn,
spurn
spolia, -orum, n.: spoils of
war
spolio, -are: to strip
sterno, sternere, stravi,
stratus: to strike down
sto, stare, steti: to stand
strido, stridere, stridi: to
hiss
studia, -orum, n.: pursuits
sub + abl.:
beneath/below/under
sub + acc.:
beneath/below/under (with
sense of movement)
subigo, subigere, subegi,
subactus: to subdue
talis, e: such, of such a kind
tamen: nevertheless
tango, tangere, tetigi,
tectus: to touch
tantus, a, um: so great; such
great
tegmen, tegminis, n.:
covering; pelt
telum, -i, n.: weapon
(especially a projectile)
templum, -i, n.: temple
tempus, temporis, n.: time
tendo, tendere, tetenti,
tentus/tensus: to stretch
out; to strive after
teneo, -ere, tenui, tentus:
to hold
tentorium, -i, n.: a tent
ubi: where; when
ulterius: further (adv.)
umbra, -ae, f.: shade
umecto, -are: to moisten;
wetten
vasto, -are: to lay waste to;
to plunder
-ve: or
velum, -i, n.: a sail; a curtain
vendo, vendere, vendidi,
venditus: to sell
venio, -ire, veni, ventus: to
come
vero: truly; indeed
verto, vetere, verti, versus:
to turn
sublimis, e: lofty; elevated
subnecto, subectere,
subnexui, subnexus: to
bind; tie
sum, esse, fui: to be
sumo, sumere, sumpsi,
sumptus: to take up;
(poenam) to exact
punishment
super + acc.: above
ter: three-times; thrice
tergum, -i, n.: back
termino, -are: to set bounds
to
ternus, a, um: three at a
time
terra, -ae, f.: land; the earth
(when pl.)
terribilis, e: terrible
tertius, a, um: third
togatus, a, um: toga-
wearing
tormentum, -i, n.: a siege
engine (used for hurling
missiles)
tot: so many
totus, a, um: whole
umerus, -i, m.: upper-arm;
shoulder
unda, -ae, f.: wave
unde: whence; from where
unus, a, um: one
urbs, urbis, f.: city
vetus, veteris: old; former
video, -ere, vidi, visus: to
see
vincio, vincire, vinxi,
vinctus: to bind
vinco, vincere, vici, victus:
to conquer; defeat
vir, -i, m.: man
virgo, virginis, f.: maiden
vis (acc. vim; abl. vi.; pl.
vires, virum): force,
strength, power
super: beyond; further
superbus, a, um: proud;
arrogant
superi, -orum, m.: the gods
(lit. ‘those above’)
suppliciter: as a suppliant;
humbly
suus, a, um: his/her/its/their
(own)
traho, trahere, traxi,
tractus: to drag
transeo, -ire, -ii, -itus: to go
across; pass by
transfero, transferre,
transtuli, translatus: to
bring across; transfer
triginta: thirty
tristis, e: sad
tu, te, tui, tibi, te: you (s.)
tum: then; at that time
tundo, tundere, tutudi,
tunsus: to beat/strike
repeatedly
turbo, turbinis, m.:
whirlwind
tuus, a, um: your (singular
owner)
ut (with indicative): as
uti = ut: that, in order that,
so that, such that (with
subj.)
utor, uti, usus sum: to use;
employ
vita, -ae, f.: life
voco, -are: to call
volo, -are: to fly
volvo, volvere, volvi,
volutus: to roll
votum, -i, n.: oath; prayer
vox, vocis, f.: voice
vulgo, -are: to make known
vulnus, vulneris, n.: wound