COA SEMINAR

MY TOPIC:

INTRODUCTION TO
PARALLEL PROCESSORS

BUDDHAPURI AASHRITHA
11199A040
2ND YR,CSE.
OUTLOOK OF THIS PPT :

 WHAT IS PARALLEL PROCESSOR?

 WHY SHOULD WE USE PARLLEL PROCESSOR?
 HOW PARALLEL PROCESSORING WORKS?
 ADVANTAGES OF PARALLEL PROCESSOR?
 TYPES OF PARALLEL PROCESSOR?
WHAT IS PARALLEL PROCESSOR??
WHAT IS PARALLEL PROCESSOR?

 Parallel processing is a method in computing of running two or more

processors (CPUs) to handle separate parts of an overall task.
&
Breaking up different parts of a task among multiple processors will help
reduce the amount of time to run a program. Any system that has more than
one CPU can perform parallel processing, as well as multi-core processors
which are commonly found on computers today.
WHY SHOULD WE USE PARALLEL
PROCESSOR?

 IT WILL SPEED UP THE COMPUTER PROCESSING CAPABILITY AND INCREASES

ITS THROUGHPUT{Throughput-it is the number of instructions that can be
executed in a unit of time}.
 SAVES TIME,ALLOWS THE EXECUTION OF APPLICATIONS IN A SHORTER TIME.
 MULTIPLE EXECUTION UNITS
 SOLVE LARGE PROBLEMS i.e., DATABASES PROCESSING MILLIOS OF
TRANSACTIONS PER SECOND.
 PROVIDE CONCURRENCY{Concurrency- if a system support two or more
action in progress at the same time}
HOW PARALLEL PROCESSING WORKS?

 Typically a computer scientist will divide a complex task into multiple parts
with a software tool and assign each part to a processor, then each
processor will solve its part, and the data is reassembled by a software tool
to read the solution or execute the task.
 Typically each processor will operate normally and will perform operations
in parallel as instructed, pulling data from the computer’s memory.
CASE 1:
CASE 2:
ADVANTAGES OF PARALLEL
PROCESSOR:
 It saves time and money as many resources working together will reduce
the time and cut potential costs.
 It can be impractical to solve larger problems on Serial Computing.
 It can take advantage of non-local resources when the local resources are
finite.
 Serial Computing ‘wastes’ the potential computing power, thus Parallel
Computing makes better work of hardware
APPLICATIONS OF PARALLEL
PROCESSOR:
 Notable applications for parallel processing (also known as parallel
computing):
 computational astrophysics,
 geoprocessing (or seismic surveying),
 climate modeling,
 agriculture estimates,
 financial risk management,
 video color correction, computational fluid dynamics, medical imaging
,drug discovery And so on…..
TYPES OF PARALLEL PROCESSOR:

 THERE ARE IN-GENERAL FOUR TYPES:

-> SISD{SINGLE INSTRUCTION SINGLE DATA}

-> SIMD{SINGLE INSTRUCTION MULTIPLE DATA}
-> MISD{MULTIPLE INSTRUCTION ,SINGLE DATA}
-> MIMD{MULTIPLE INSTRUCTION AND MULTIPLE DATA}
SISD[SINGLE INSRUCTION,SINGLE DATA STREAM]: It
represents the organization of a single computer containing a control unit, a processor unit, and a
memory unit.
Instructions are executed sequentially, and the system may or may not have internal parallel
processing capabilities.
Instructions are decoded by the Control Unit and then the Control Unit sends the instructions to the
processing units for execution.
Data Stream flows between the processors and memory bi-directionally
SIMD[SINGLE INSTRUCTION ,MULTIPLE DATA
STREAM]:It represents an organization that includes many processing units under the
supervision of a common control unit.
All processors receiv e the same instruction from the control unit but operate on different items of
data.
The shared memory unit must contain multiple modules so that it can communicate with all the
processors simultaneously.
N
MISD[Multiple Instruction and Single Data stream]:
MISD structure is only of theoretical interest since no practical system has been constructed using this
organization.
In MISD, multiple processing units operate on one single-data stream. Each processing unit operates
on the data independently v ia separate instruction stream.
MIMD[Multiple Instruction and Multiple Data
Stream]:
In this organization, all processors in a parallel computer can execute different instructions and
operate on v arious data at the same time.
In MIMD, each processor has a separate program and an instruction stream is generated from each
program.
THANK YOU!!!....
FOR STAYING WITH ME UNTIL NOW…