‘Gramitica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) -ler Cuatrimestre-Febrero 2013 - No se permite el uso de ningin material El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-16 en hoja de lectura éptica Puntuacién: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restara 0,1. L.What is the difference between embedding and subordination? Embedding is a type of subordination. b. They are synonyms. ¢ Subordination is a type of embedding. 2.What does transferred negation consist of? a. Displacing the negative element from its logical place in the main clause to negate the verb in the reported/subordinate clause. b, Displacing the negative element from its logical place in the reported/subordinate clause to negate the verb in the main clause. ¢ The use of an assertive word with a non-assertive sense, 3.Which of the following is an assertive word? a.ever b. much, c. still 4, Which statement about Theme is true? a. Its the point of departure of the clause as a message. b, Itcan be either a Topic or a Rheme. ¢ Itis what the message is about. 5, What is a supplementive unit? a. Asubordinate unit that is not embedded. b, An embedded unit that is not subordinate. ¢.A type of subordinate embedded unit. 6. What elements are typically omitted in a verbless clause? a. The verb (typically a form of to be). b. The subject (typically recoverable from the situational or linguistic context). ¢. The subject and the verb. 7. Which of the following statements is true about the English language? a. The same clause may be both finite and non-finite. b, All dependent clauses are non-finite. c. All independent clauses are finite. 8, What is “to forget your keys” in “It’s easy to forget your keys a. An adjectival complement and an extraposed subject b. Asubject complement and an attribute ¢.Anominal relative clause and a non-finite complement9. Which of the following is NOT a major type of process? material b. relational ¢ behavioural 10. Which of the following tests is NOT used to identify a direct object? a. Pronominalisation. b. Promotion to subject in a passive structure, c. Prototypification. 11. When is a preposition NOT stranded? a. When the preposition appears close to its verb. b. When the preposition stays close to its prepositional complement. c. When the preposition is displaced from its position in a PP. 12. The following test does NOT help distinguish between a phrasal verb and a prepositional verb: a. Looking at the position of a pronoun object with respect to the verb and the particle/ preposition. b, Checking whether the stress falls on the verb or on the particle/ preposition. c Testing whether a complement can be placed between the verb and the particle/ preposition. 13. What type of subject complements are AdjGs? a. Attributive, b. Identifying, c. Existential. 14. What are the typical participants in mental processes? a. Experiencer and Phenomenon. b, Carrier and Affected, c. Agent and Goal. 15. What is the illocutionary force of a declarative in a direct speech act? a, Adeclaration. b. An utterance. c.Astatement. 16, What does the term “explicit performative” refer to? a. The ability of some clause types to carry out certain acts by naming them. b. The marked presence of the speech act as a subordinate clause. c. The transfer of the performing term from its logical place to the dependent clause.‘Gramitica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) -ler Cuatrimestre-Febrero 2013 - No se permite el uso de ningin material El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-16 en hoja de lectura éptica Puntuacién: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restara 0,1. 1. What is embedding? a. A kind of subordination by which a clause functions as a constituent of another clause or group. b. A relationship of correspondence between the class of a unit and its function. cA recursive structure where a clause is the modifier of a larger clause. 2. What is the difference between a compound clause and a complex clause? a. They are synonyms. b. The former is a unit of two or more coordinated clauses while the latter is a unit containing dependent clauses or dependent and conjoined clauses. ¢ The former is a unit containing dependent clauses or dependent and conjoined clauses, while the latter is a unit of two or more coordinated clauses. 3, Which statement about Theme is true? a. Itis the point of departure of the clause as a message. b. Itcan be either a Topic or a Rheme. ¢ Itis what the message is about. 4, According to Systemic Functional Grammar, what kind of unit is a whole piece of discourse? a. mainly grammatical b, mainly pragmatic-semantic ¢. mainly extra-linguistic 5, Why is the PP not a group? a. Because there are two obligatory elements instead of one, b. The PP isa group. ¢. Because the head (the preposition) has little or no meaning, 6, What do abbreviated clauses consist of? a. A question tag, b. Ayes-no answer. ¢. Asubject and a finite operator. 7. What is the name given to the entities involved in processes? a, Participants b. Attributes c. Circumstances 8. In which major way are circumstantial complements different from subject complements? a, The type of information they provide.b. The former co-occur with predicative verbs and the latter with copular verbs, ¢. The former represent a new participant in the clause and the latter do not. 9. Which of the following statements about intransitive clauses is NOT true? . Some intransitive structures have a locative complement. b. Some intransitive structures have a prepositional object. c. Some intransitive structures have a subject complement. 10. Which of the following statements about object complements is true? The OC adds information about the referent of a DO in the form of an attribute. b. The OC refers to a different participant from that of the DO. ¢ The OC may occur both in ditransitive clausal structures and in copular ones after the subject complement. 11. The omission of complementiser “that” is NOT favoured by the following factor: a. When it co-occurs with verbs such as ‘think’ and ‘say’ b. When the subject refers to the same entity in the main clause and in the that- clause. c. When there is a noun head rather than a pronoun in the subject of the that- clause. 12. What is an actualized participant? a. A participant that appears in an active and dynamic process, b. A participant that is explicitly mentioned in the message. ¢.A participant that plays a primary syntactic role (subject). 13. Which of the following features is NOT included in the notion of Agency? a. Animacy. b. Responsibility. c Effect. 14, What are the names of the two main participants in a verbal process (a process of saying or communicating)? a. Experiencer and Utterance b. Speaker and Speech c. Sayer and Said 15, What is the illocutionary force of an imperative in a direct speech act? a, An imperative proper. b.A direction. c.Adirective 16, Which statement about queclaratives is true’ a. They are declarative structures with a final rising tone. b, They are interrogative structures that seek confirmation of their assumptions in a tactful way. c. They are semantic-syntactic hybrid structures: either declaratives with an interrogative function or interrogatives with a declarative function,Gramitica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) - -Septiembre 2013 - Modelo A No se permite el uso de ningiin material. El tiempo de duracién del examenes de dos horas. Responda a laspreguntas 1-20 en hoja de lecturadptica Puntuaci6n: respuestascorrectas: 0,5; cadarespuestaincorrectarestara 0,1. What are offers, reminders, promises, questions, statements and exclamations? Iypes of syntactic structures. Types of speech acts. ‘Types of semantic roles. ecee Whatis the term for the point of departure of a given message? Tag Rheme Theme eoRN 3, Which verb is typically omitted in a verbless clause? a.Be b. Have c. Do 4, Why are prepositional phrases NOT groups? a. They provide additional information. b, Both the preposition and its complement are obligatory. ¢. They cannot be modified. 5, Which of the following constituents encodes the primary participant in the clause? a. The subject. b. The predicate. ¢ The noun. 6. What CANNOT be found in a copular structure? a.a subject complement b.an adjunct can object 7. What is “obviously” in “"Obviously, he'll rely on you even more now”? a. A circumstantial adjunct. b. A stance adjunct. c. Aconnective adjunct, 8. Which of the following features helps to identify the subject in a sentence? a. Reflection in question tags. b. Modality. c, Finitenes:9. Which is a main type of “process” encoded by a predicator? Material processes of ‘doing’. b, Mental processes of ‘being’ ¢ Relational processes of “experiencing”. 10. What semantic role does the direct object have in the sentence “He headed the ball into the net"? Affe b. Instrument. ¢. Phenomenon, 11. What is “it” in “I find it strange that he left"? a. Anticipatory direct object. b, Object complement. c Redundant process. 12. What does the object complement do? a. It completes the predicate after a copular verb by specifying the identity of the subject. b. It completes the predicate after a copular verb by specifying an attribute of the subject. c It completes the predicate with an Adjectival Group or a Nominal Group following a direct object. 13. Which of the following sentences contains an evidential adjunct? a. Obviously, she'll rely on you. b.According to the weather forecast, it will rain today. cUnfortunately, our team didn't win. 14. Which of the following sentences contains an object complement? a, | called the old lady to the meeting. b. I called the old lady a taxi. ¢ I called the old lady an angel. 15, What is a catenative verb? a. A verb that controls a non-finite complement. b.A verb that controls a finite complement. c. Averb that links recursively to its complements. 16. Which of the following sentences is a pseudo-intransitive? a. The glass broke the lamp when it fell, b. Glass breaks easily. ©. The glass was broken 17. What is the basic speech act that corresponds to a declarative? a, Making a statement. b, Issuing a directive. c. Asking a question.18. What is an explicit declara A perfectly clear, unambiguous statement. b. A declarative that carries out certain acts by naming them. c.Astatement that has a state of affairs in the world and has a truth value 19, What is the illocutionary force of an exclamative clause? a. Biased directive. b. Exclamation. c. Hedged performative. 20. Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. The tone unit in English signals the distribution of information into Given and New. b. Each tone unit contains a tonic syllable, which represents the highest point of the focus of information, c Each speech tone unit corresponds to a single grammatical category in writingGramatica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) - -Septiembre 2013 —Modelo B No se permite el uso de ningéin material. El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-20 en hoja de lectura éptica. Puntuacién: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restara 0,1 1. What kind of meaning is encoded as questions, statements, offers, reminders and thanks in a communicative exchange? a. Textual meaning, b. Representational meaning. ¢. Interpersonal meaning. 2, Which of the following elements does NOT refer to a structural unit that can be arranged in a relationship of componence on a rank-scale? a.clause b. group ¢ phenomenon 3. A supplementive units. a, subordinate and embedded. b, subordinate but not embedded. c. embedded but not subordinate, 4, Which of the following sentences is true? a There is no one-to-one correspondence between the class of unit ane function. b. Rather than pragmatic-semantic, a piece of discourse is a grammatical unit of whatever length, spoken or written. ¢. _ Negating and questioning are basic human needs, which are encoded pragmatically by negation and by the interrogative particle. 5. Which of the following is NOT one of the compulsory functional categories which may occur in post-verbal position? a. object b. complement c.adjunet 6. What do complements encode’ . Constituents that, syntactically, are not participants but are nevertheless normally required both pragmatically and semantically. b. Constituents that, pragmatically, are not participants but are nevertheless normally required both syntactically and lexically c Constituents that, semantically, are not participants but are nevertheless normally required both syntactically and semantically.7. What is “on the other hand’ in “The hotel was rather noisy. On the other hand, it wasn’t expensive”? Acircumstantial adjunct. b.Astance adjunct. c. Aconnective adjunct. 8. What is “It’ in “It surprised everybody that he failed his driving test"? a. Extraposed subject. b. Anticipatory it. c. A subject complement. 9. Which of the following verbs corresponds to a relational process of "being"? a. Make. b. Know. c. Belong. 10. What semantic role does the direct object have in the sentence “The burglars used an acetylene lamp to break the safe”? a. Affected. b. Instrument. ¢ Phenomenon. 11. What is “before noon” in the sentence: "I prefer before noon for a meeting"? a, Locative complement. b. Adjunct. c. Direct object. 12. What is “for you to go by train” in “The best plan is for you to go by plane”? a. An attributive complement. b. The predicate. ¢.An identifying complement. 13. Which of the following sentences contains an epistemic stance adjunct? a, Obviously, she'll rely on you. b, According to the weather forecast, it will rain today. ©. Unfortunately, our team didn’t win, 14, Which of the following sentences contains an object complement? a. I'll make the doll the centre of attention of the whole shop window. b.1'Il make the doll a little chair, c.I'll make the doll in no time. 15, Which of the following statements about sentential order is NOT true? a. The order of elements in the sentence may be intentional, arbitrary, iconic or elliptic. b. The order of elements in the sentence is partly determined by the type of process. The linguistic ordering of an event reflects our conceptualisation of the event.16. Which sentence contains the participants Agent + Recipient + Affected? a. Ed gave the cat a bit of tuna. b. They made the road wider. ¢ The glass was broken by the kid. 17. What is the basic speech act that corresponds to an imperative? Making a statement. b. Issuing a directive. ¢ Asking a question. 18. What is the specific term for a sentence when itis used in context? a. A grammatical structure. b. An utterance. ¢ Astate of affairs. 19. Whatis the term used to indicate that a sentential element has been transferred form its normal position in the Rheme to initial position? a. Thematisation. b. Topicalization, ¢.Left-dislocation. 20. Which of the following statements is true? a. Unmarked focus falls on the last non-anaphoric lexical item of the information unit. b. Unmarked focus falls on the middle anaphoric lexical item of the information unit. c. Unmarked focus falls on the initial lexical item of each information unit in the sentence.GramAtica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) -ler Cuatrimestre-Febrero 2014 - A No se permite el uso de ningtin material. El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-20 en hoja de lectura éptica. Puntuacién: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restara 0,1. 1.What type of structure is this: Agent+Process+Recipient+Affected+Circumstance? a. Interpersonal b. Textual c. Experiential d. Morphosyntactic 2.What type of test is NOT performed on a sentence for constituency disambiguation in a sentence like “The girl saw the man with the telescope’ a. Passivisation b.Clefting c. Wh-questions d. Tense alternation 3. Which of the following statements about clause structure is NOT true? a. Adjuncts are limited in number in any one clause. b. The subject encodes the primary participant in the clause. c. Circumstantial adjuncts are the most integrated adjuncts in the clause. d. Objects are determined by verb type. 4, What is the usual scope of negation of a negative word? a. The verb. b. The predicate. c. The rest of the clause after it. d. The whole clause where it appears. 5. What is the difference between unstressed “there” (as in “There's plenty of time”) and typical subjects? a. The obligatoriness of its presence in the clause. b. Its position in declarative clauses. . Its inversion with auxiliaries d. Its pronominalisation. 6. Which of the following a, Their pronominalisation. b, They can be paraphrased by a Prepositional Object. c. Their promotion to subject in a passive clause. d. Their realisation by an NG. a major difference between Od and Oi7. Which of the following statements is true about both Ods and Cos? a. They have an alternative prepositional paraphrase. b. They can become the subject in a passive clause, c. They are typically realized by NGs, AdjGs, and clauses. d. They refer to the same participant in a given clause. 8. What is “to see things your way" in “It’s hard to see things your way"? a. An object complement in a ditransitive structure. b. An adjectival complement and an extraposed subject. ¢.A subject complement and an attribute. 4d. A nominal relative clause and a non-finite complement. 9. Which statement about existential processes is FALSE? a. They state the existence of something. b. They expand the Existent in some way. c. They are expressed by “be” or transitive verbs, d. They can be expressed by verbs of “positional states” (stand, lie) “occurring”, “coming into view” or “arrival on the scene” (appear, emerge) 10. Which of the following sequences has a supplementive unit? a. Always smiling and kind to others, Mary passed away last night after a long illness. b. Itwas only last month that Tom bought himself a new car. c. Maybe, Yes, you can. 11. What is NOT true about dynamic and stative processes? a. You can ask “What happened?” to the former, not the latter. b. The former can easily occur in the progressive; the latter cannot. c. The former usually accepts the imperative; the latter does not. 4d. The former typically appears with circumstantial adjuncts; the latter does not, 12. What does the order of elements in semantic structures reflect? a. Our conceptualization of the event. b, Syntactic realization. cc. It is a convention based on informational relevance. d. Pragmatic or textual re: 13. What is a pseudo-intransitive clause? a. A clause that expresses the likelihood of a participant to undergo a process. b. A clause with an implicit direct object. c, Aclause which has undergone valency reduction. d. A clause with more than one possible transitivity patterns.14. Which is the Resulting Attribute in the sentence: “The boy had a tooth removed"? a. the boy b.a tooth removed c.a tooth d.removed 15. Which participant occurs most frequently with the Experiencer? a. Affected b, Phenomenon c. Effected d. Token 16, What is the meaning of the circumstantial element of contingency “in spite of the delay” in the sentence: "In spite of the delay, we finished on time”? a. Behalf b. Condition c. Concession d.Cause 17. What does nominalization involve? a. Encoding actions and states as nouns. b, Combining grammatical metaphors with lexical metaphors. c. The overuse of nouns over paradigmatic alternatives like pronouns and nominal clauses. 4d. The substitution of proper nouns by appositions and NGs whenever possible, 18. What kind of process is represented in the sentence: "I wish you were here"? a. Material b. Behavioural c. Mental d, Relational 19. What can directives be used for? (provide the best answer) a. Requests. b. Invitations. c. Instructions, d. All of the above. 20. Which of the following sentences contains a marked theme? a. We'll reach Las Vegas in a couple of hours. b, Let's go for a walk. c. When will you come back? d. You stand still!Gramitica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) -ler Cuatrimestre-Febrero 2014 - B No se permite el uso de ningtin material. El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-20 en hoja de lectura éptica. Puntuacién: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restara 0,1. 1. When can existential “there” be omitted”? a. Never. b, When a locative or directional adjunct is in the initial position. ¢. With a circumstantial adjunct and a verb of movement. d. With the verb “to be" and a locative attribute. 2. What kind of process is represented by the sentence: "I watched the fight”? a. Material b. Behavioural c. Mental d. Relational 3, Whatis “an hour” in “The operation lasted an hour’ a. A circumstantial complement b.A circumstantial adjunct c.A circumstantial attribute 4.A circumstantial object 4. What can declarative structures be used for (provide the best answer)? a. Making a statement. b. Asking a question. c. Issuing a directive, d. All of the above. 5. What type of clause is a question tag? a. A queclarative. b. An abbreviated or reduced clause. c.A brief independent finite clause. d.A direct rhetorical question, 6. What phenomenon can be seen in the sentence: “I don't advise you to buy those share a. Nominalization b. Grammatical metaphor c, Transferred negation d. Fronting or thematisation 7. What general effect is caused by modalisation in declarative directives? a. Itrrenders them stronger and more formal b, It renders them more polite. c. Itrenders them more dubitative. d.Itis the speaker's choice but using modalisation has no semantic consequences.8, Whatis the illocutionary force of the sentence “I'd like to thank all of you for your support”? a. Arebuke. b.A simple directive. ¢.A biased performative. d.A hedged performative. 9. Which of the following sentences is NOT thematised? a. They had a great time in Waterloo last summer. b. In Waterloo they had a great time last summe! c. Last summer they had a great time in Waterloo, d. In Waterloo last summer they had a great time. 10. What phenomenon can you identify i a. Left-dislocation, b. Right dislocation. c. Double detachment. d. Absolute theme. ‘Is it nice, that jelly”? 11. What type of adjunct is “according to the weather forecast” in “According to the weather forecast, itis going to rain”: a. Circumstantial adjunct b. Epistemic stance adjunct c. Evaluative adjunet d. Evidential adjunct 12. Why is there no overt object in the sentence: “He drank and got violent"? a. The sentence is grammatically incorrect, b, Because the object is implied in the clause, which has undergone valency reduction, c, Because drinking alcoholic drinks is looked down upon in most cultures. d. Because it is an quasi-transitive structure. 13. What is peculiar about “He explained the problem to us"? a, Ithas a ditransitive verb with no possibility of Oi+Od structure. b. Ditransitive clauses are not common with speech verbs. c. "Us" is a beneficiary that takes “to” instead of “for”. d. Both objects can be subjects of passive structures. 14, What is “busy” in “He keeps himself busy all the time"? a. Acurrent attribute b. A modifier within the direct object .Amanner adjunct d. A postmodifier of a NG15. What is the illocutionary force of a declarative in a direct speech act? a. Adeclaration. b. An utterance. ¢. An affirmative/negative sentence d. A statement. 16. What does the term “explicit performative” refer to? a. The ability of some clause types to carry out certain acts by naming them. b. The marked presence of the speech act as a subordinate clause. c. The transfer of the performing term from its logical place to the dependent clause. d. The ability of some clauses to point out actions and material processes. 17. Which of the following is NOT a wh-clause complement? a. Indirect wh-interrogatives b. Wh-nominal clauses c. Direct wh-interrogatives d. Indirect exclamatives 18. When is omission of the complementiser ‘that’ NOT favoured? a. With verbs such as “say”, b. When there is a noun rather than a pronoun head in the that-clause. c. When the main clause and the that-clause share the subject. d, When the main clause is in the active voice 19, What is the structure of “She had her hair done”? a. S-P-Od-Co b. S-P-Od cc. S-V-NG d.S-V-finite participial clause 20. What is the difference between “I wrote the note to Susan” and “I wrote the note for Susan"? a. In the former, Susan was the addressee, and in the latter, you wrote the note on her behalf. b. In the former, Susan received the note, and in the latter, you are not sure if she did or not. c. In the former, the speaker knows for a fact that Susan received and read the note, and in the latter, the speaker is not sure what happened after the note was written d, Both sentences mean the same but the latter is more correct grammatically.Gramatica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) Septiembre 2014 - Modelo A No se permite el uso de ningdin material El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-20 en hoja de lectura 6ptica. Puntuacién: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restard 0,1. 1. What is “scope of negation”? a. The level of non-assertiveness of some words and expressions. b. The semantic influence that a negative word has on the rest of the clause that, follows it. ¢. The part of the clause that is syntactically affected by a given non-assertive word. 4d. The determiners, pronouns and adverbs with a negative meaning. 2, What is a difference between an assertive word and a non-assertive word? a. The former always has factual meanings. b. The latter always occurs in negative clauses. c. The latter occurs in either negative or interrogative clauses. d. The former always occurs in affirmative clauses. 3, What is the main unit of syntactic analysis in Systemic Functional Grammar? a. The phrase. b. The clause. ¢. The group. d. The word. 4, Which of the following statements is true? a. A catenative verb controls a non-finite complement. b. The infinitive, the participial and the conditional are non-finite verbal forms. ¢. The same verb may have tense and modality. d. Only modals and primary verbs require a finite verb. 5. Which of the following tests does NOT help in structural a. Clefting. b. Fronting, c. Changing the tense or mods d. Passivization. ambiguation? of the main verb, 6. What is interpersonal meaning? a. The type of meaning encoded as questions, statements, offers, reminders, thanks, etc. b. The meaning that has to do with the content of the message. ¢. The meaning of an organised message in relation to what precede: discourse. . The type of meaning that is implicit in the mutual hierarchical relationship between two or more interlocutors. in the7. What does a stance adjunct express? a. The setting for the situation expressed in the clause. b, The speaker's attitude to or evaluation of the content of the clause. ¢. The connection between two clauses or parts of clauses. d. Background information about the message of the clause. 8. Which statement about circumstantial adjuncts is generally true? a. They are rather mobile elements. b. They are central to the predication. c. They can be the subject complement of a wh-cleft structure. d. They can be passivized. 9. What helps us decide that ‘there’ is the subject in “There was an aspect to consider”? a. Itoccurs before the verb in a declarative sentence, b. I can be replaced by a personal pronoun, c.Itcan be the direct object in a passive structure. d. It can be passivized with a transitive verb. 10. What do Recipients and Beneficiaries have generally in common? a. They both have an optional prepositional paraphrase. b. They are both associated with the same semantic role. c. They are both introduced by the same preposition, d. They are both equally central to the predication. 11. The retention of complementiser “that” is NOT favoured by the following factor: a. When there are two or more coordinated that- clauses b. When the main clause is in the active voice. c. When there is a NG or PP (or clause containing a NG) placed between the main clause and the that-clause. d, When they appear with verbs other than “think” or “say”. 12, Which of the following is NOT a major type of process? a, Material processes b, Mental processes c Relational processes d. Existential processes 13, Why are human participants typically assigned the primary role (Agent/Subject)? a. Itisan arbitrary linguistic rule. b, Because of our general anthropocentric perspective c. Because inanimate entities cannot perform actions d. Human participants are not typically assigned the primary role.14. Which of the following is NOT a basic speech act? a. Asking a question b. Issuing a directive c. Making an exclamation d, Asking a statement 15. What does the order of elements in semantic structures reflect? a, Nothing; it is arbitrary, b. Our abstract conceptualisation of the event. ¢. The internal chronological order of the participants with respect to the process. 4d. Nothing, it has been established by grammarians of the English language. 16. What are pseudo-intransitive structures? a. Intransitive structures with verbs that are intrinsically transitive. b, Transitive structures in the passive voice, so the predication appears with no obligatory complements. c. The intransitive correspondence of an ergative pair. 4d. The intransitive nature of cleft and semi-cleft sentences. 17. What type of function is fulfilled by vocatives? a. Interpersonal. b. Textual c. Representational. d. Pragmatic. 18. Which statement about Theme is true? a, Itis the point of departure of the clause as a message b, Itcan be either a Topic or a Rheme. c. [tis what the message is about. d. Italways introduces New Information. 19, Which of the following statements about that-clauses in English is true? a. They can be combined with conjunctions or prepositions. b. They take one function or another depending on the preposition they follow. c. They form one syntactic unit with whatever functional word precedes them d. They do not follow prepositions. 20. What is NOT true about the complementation patterns of “say” and “tell a. Say is monotransitive and tell is ditransitive b, Say can taken an oblique object but not an indirect object. c. Quoted speech may realise the object of say, but not that of tell. d. They cannot be used to express basic speech actsGramatica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) -Septiembre 2014 Modelo B No se permite el uso de ningdin material El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-20 en hoja de lectura ptica. Puntuacién: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restard 0,1. 1.Whatis the difference between embedding and subordination? a, Embedding is a type of subordination. b. They are synonyms. c. Subordination is a type of embedding d. Embedding is a type of digression that typically appears in brackets. 2.What does transferred negation consist of? a. Displacing the negative element from its logical place in the main clause to negate the verb in the reported/subordinate clause. b. Displacing the negative element from its logical place in the reported/subordinate clause to negate the verb in the main clause. c. The use of an assertive word with a non-assertive sense, d. The use of a non-assertive word with an assertive sense. 3.Which of the following is an assertive word? a.ever b. much c.still d.any 4. Which statement about Theme is true? a. Itis the point of departure of the clause as a message. b, It can be either a Topic or a Rheme. c. Itis what the message is about. d. It contains the New Information of the message. 5. What is a supplementive unit? a. Asubordinate unit that is not embedded, b. An embedded unit that is not subordinate. c.A type of subordinate embedded unit. d. A type of unit that is joined to another one in order to form a compound (coordinated) unit. 6. What elements are typically omitted in a verbless clause? a. The verb (typically a form of to be) b. The subject (typically recoverable from the situational or linguistic context). ¢. The subject and the verb. d. Everything except the adjuncts7. Which of the following statements is true about the English language? a. The same clause may be both finite and non-finite, b. All dependent clauses are non-finite. c. All independent clauses are finite. All verbs have tense and modality. 8, What is “to forget your keys” in “It's easy to forget your keys”? a. An adjectival complement and an extraposed subject b.A subject complement and an attribute ¢.A nominal relative clause and a non-~-finite complement d. The non-thematised subject. 9. Which of the following is NOT a major type of process? a. material b. relational ¢. behavioural d. mental 10. Which of the following tests a. Pronominalisation. b, Promotion to subject in a passive structure. c. Prototypification. d. Relative position with respect to the indirect object. is NOT used to identify a 11. When is a preposition non-stranded? a. When the preposition appears close to its verb. b, When the preposition stays close to its prepositional complement. c. When the preposition is not displaced from its position in a PP. d. Typically in highly formal contexts and formal text types. 12. The following test does NOT help distinguish between a phrasal verb and a prepositional verb: a. Looking at the position of a pronominal object with respect to the verb and the particle/preposition. b. Checking whether the stress falls on the verb or on the particle/ preposition, c. Testing whether a complement can be placed between the verb and the particle/preposition. d. Looking at the type of adverbial complements that may appear in the predicate either before or after the particle/preposition. 13. What type of intensive verb are appear, disappear, go, come, arrive, depart, vanish, fade and happen? a. They are idiomatic phrasal verbs, b. They are verbs of weather. c. They are verbs of behaviour. d. They are verbs of occurrence.14. What type of subject complements are AdjGs? a. Attributive. b. Identifying. c. Existential. . Qualifying 15. Which of the following features can be expected in an untypical direct object? a. Pronominalization. b. Passivization. c. Clefting. d. They answer questions other than “What. 16. What are the typical participants in mental processes? a. Experiencer and Phenomenon. b. Carrier and Affected. c. Agent and Goal d. Theme and Rheme. 17. What is the illocutionary force of a declarative in a direct speech act? a. Adeclaration. b. An utterance. c. A statement. d. An affirmative sentence. 18. Which of the following sentences has a nominal relative? a. He asked what we should do. b, Pat wondered whether her friends would recognise her. ¢. | told her how sorry I was. He told me what I already knew. 19, What does the term “explicit performative” refer to? a. The ability of some clause types to carry out certain acts by naming them. b. The marked presence of the speech act as a subordinate clause. c. The transfer of the performing term from its logical place to the dependent clause, d. The communicative nature of certain speech acts. 20. Which constituency test is NOT used to classify prepositional verbs? a. Fronting b, Focus of a cleft c, Wh-question d. Yes-no questionGramatica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) - Febrero 2015 Modelo A No se permite el uso de ningiin material. El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-20 en hoja de lectura 6ptica. Puntuaci6n: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restaré 0,1. ‘1. Whats interpersonal meaning? a. The type of meaning encoded as questions, statements, offers, reminders, thanks, ete. b. The meaning that has to do with the content of the message. ¢. The meaning of an organised message in relation to what precedes it in the discourse, 4. The type of meaning that is implicit in the mutual hierarchical relationship between two or more interlocutors. 2. What is the main unit of syntactic analysis in Systemic Functional Grammar? The phrase. he clause. The group. |. The word. a. b. «, a 3. Which of the following tests does NOT help in structural disambiguation? a. Clefting. b. Fronting, c. Changing the tense or modality of the main verb. d. Passivization. 4, What is the difference between embedding and subordination? a. Embedding is a type of subordination. b. They are synonyms. ¢. Subordination isa type of embedding. d._ Embedding is a type of digression that typically appears in brackets. 5. What does transferred negation consist of? a. Displacing the negative element from its logical place in the main clause to negate the verb in the reported /subordinate clause. b. Displacing the negative element from its logical place in the reported/subordinate clause to negate the verb in the main clause. c. The use of an assertive word with a non-assertive sense. d. The use of a non-assertive word with an assertive sense. 6. What elements are typically omitted in a verbless clause? a. The verb (typically a form of to be). b. The subject (typically recoverable from the situational or linguistic context) c. The subject and the verb. d. Everything except the adjuncts.7. Which of the following statements is true about the English language? a. The same clause may be both finite and non-finite. b. All dependent clauses are non-finite. c. All independent clauses are finite, d. All verbs have tense and modality. 8, Whatiis “to love you sometimes” in “It’s difficult to love you sometimes”? An adjectival complement and an extraposed subject b. Asubject complement and an attribute ¢. Anominal relative clause and a non-finite complement d. The non-thematised subject. 9, What is a difference between an assertive word and a non-assertive word? a. The former always has factual meanings. b, The latter always occurs in negative clauses. cc, The former always occurs in affirmative clauses. d, The latter occurs in either negative or interrogative clauses. 10. Which of the following syntactic roles/functions can be played by the interrogative wh-word “whom”? a. operator b. subject ¢. object complement d. direct object 11. What is the status of ellipted responses like “Yes, I do; No he i Supplementive clauses. b. Queclarative clause: c. Abbreviated clauses. d. Verbless clauses. 12. Which of the following is a direct speech act? A declarative with the illocutionary force of a statement. b. A declarative with the illocutionary force of a question. c. Adeclarative with the illocutionary force of an exclamation. d. A declarative with the illocutionary force of a directive. 13, What is the indicative? a. A declarative structure used to point at objects or abstract concepts, either literally or figuratively. b. The modality present in speech acts with a finite illocutionary force. c. Agrammatical category typically used for the exchange of information. d._ A grammaticalization of our acting on others to have things done. 14. What is a queclarative? a. Arhetorical question. b. A reversal tag question. c. Anassertive negative statement. d. A declarative which seeks confirmation.15. Which of the following is an assertive word? a. ever b. much c. still d. any 16. What is the Theme in the sentence: “Ladies and gentlemen, tonight we are going to listen to a wonderful singer” Ladies b. Ladies and gentlemen, c. Ladies and gentlemen, tonight d. Ladies and gentlemen, tonight we 17. What is the difference between ‘Mary was promoted’ and ‘Mary got promoted’? The former is more adverse than beneficial. b. The latter suggests certain degree of involvement on the part of the speaker. c. The former grammaticalises affective meaning. d. The latter indicates a passive role on the side of the Affected. 18. Which of the following sentences has a marked Theme? We are going where? b. We'll reach Toledo at noon, ¢. When will we be coming to England? d. Have your tickets ready! 19. What is the syntactic role of “The Beatles" in the sentence: "The Beatles, without Sgt. Pepper we wouldn’t have even half the pop music we have now. a. The subject b. The direct object c. The subject complement d. None 20. Which of the following sentences is most emphatic? a. Ineed love. b. Itis love that I need, c, What | need is love d. ‘b’ and ‘c’ are equally emphatic.Gramatica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) - Febrero 2015 Modelo B No se permite el uso de ningiin material. El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-20 en hoja de lectura 6ptica. Puntuacién: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restaré 0,1. 1. Which of the following is an assertive word? a. ever b. much c. still d. any 2. Which statement about Theme is true? a. Itis the point of departure of the clause as a message. b. Itcan be either a Topic or a Rheme. ¢. Itis what the message is about. d._ It contains the New Information of the message. 3. What is a supplementive unit? a. Asubordinate unit that is not embedded. b. An embedded unit that is not subordinate. c. Atype of subordinate embedded unit 4d. A type of unit that is joined to another one in order to form a compound (coordinated) unit. 4, What is interpersonal meaning? a. The type of meaning encoded as questions, statements, offers, reminders, thanks, ete. b. The meaning that has to do with the content of the message. ¢. The meaning of an organised message in relation to what precedes it in the discourse. d._ The type of meaning that is implicit in the mutual hierarchical relationship between two or more interlocutors. 5. What is the main unit of syntactic analysis in Systemic Functional Grammar? a. The phrase, b. The clause. c. The group. d. The word. 6. Which of the following statements does NOT correspond to explicit performatives? The subject pronoun must be ‘I’ or ‘we’ b. The tense cannot be past. c. The aspect cannot be perfect. d. All verbs are potentially performative.7. What type of speech act corresponds to the sentence: “How could you be so careless"? a, Request b. Disbelief cc, Rebuke d. Prelude to request 8. Which type of active construction has the Agent mapped on to Subject and Theme/Topic? active passive semi-active semi-passive pose 9. Why may a unit be made discontinuous (as, for example, in "You did it yourself)? a. To prevent the units to the left of the verb from being too long and heavy. b. To create contrast between the discontinuous units. c. For comparison. d. To avoid awkward emphases. 0. Which element leads the empathy a. the speaker b. the hearer c. aphysical object d. an abstract entity 11. What phenomenon can you see in the sentence: “That call, was it from my mum?”? Absolute theme b. Right-dislocation ¢. Left-dislocation d. Central-dislocation 12. Which is the type of progression where something introduced as new information in the Rheme of the first clause is taken up to be the Theme of the second? a. Simple linear progression, b. Continuous (Constant Theme) progression. c. Derived Theme progression. d. A progression with a split Rheme. 13. What triggers the auxiliary inversion in the sentence: “Never have I seen such a mess in my life!"? a. Emphatic negation b. Affective or emotional language c. A thematised negative constituent d. The end-weight principle.14, Which of the following statements is true? a. Acatenative verb controls a non-finite complement. b. The infinitive, the participial and the conditional are non-finite verbal forms c. The same verb may have tense and modality. d. Only modals and primary verbs require a finite verb, 15. Which of the following tests a. Pronominalisation. b. Promotion to subject in a pa: c, Prototypification. d. Relative position with respect to the indirect object. NOT used to identify a direct object? ve structure, 16. What is “scope of negation"? The level of non-assertiveness of some words and expressions. b. The semantic influence that a negative word has on the rest of the clause that follows it. ¢. The part of the clause that is syntactically affected by a given non-assertive word. d. The determiners, pronouns and adverbs with a negative meaning. e clause? 17. Which is a conventional speech act for a declarat a, Statement b. Directive c. Exclamation d. Tag question 18, What is the unmarked correlation between Given-New and Theme-Rheme? a. Given coincides with the Theme and New with part of the Rhem: b. Given coincides with the Rheme and New with part of the Theme. c. Given coincides with New and the Theme with part of the Rheme. d. Given coincides with part of New and the Theme with the Rheme. 19. Which of the following segments of discourse provide evidence of Topic continuity? a. Where are you? I'm here. b. Where are you? Here I'm. c, Where are you? Here, d. Where are you? Youare there, 20. Why are long subject clauses (like “That you are going on holidays to Tokyo” in “That you are going on holidays to Tokyo pleases me”) usually avoided? a. Because they violate the end-weight principle. b. Because the sound infantile. ¢. Because they are ungrammatical. d. Because the Rheme is preferably occupied by the Agent-Subject in statementsGramatica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) -Septiembre 2015 Modelo A No se permite el uso de ningiin material. El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-20 en hoja de lectura éptica. Puntuacién: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restaré 0,1. 1. What type of concept is “state of affairs" (=the speaker's conceptualization of reality)? A. situational B. extralinguistic C. strictly linguistic D. semantic 2. Which of the following is NOT a semantic role (=a component of a state of affairs)? Do you know why? A. attribute B. circumstance C. participant D. explanation 3. Which of the following statements about meanings (=interpretations of clause structure) is NOT true? A. Representational meaning has to do with the content of the message. B. The representational meaning of the clause is encoded through the transitivity structures. C. The roles adopted as speakers to exchange information, get things done, etc. are those of “questioner” and “informant”. D. The theme is the point of departure for the message, which in English coincides with the initial element(s) of the clause. 4, What is necessary in English to ask a question and negate a clause?: A. Anon-finite operator. B. A finite operator. C. A process D. An action. 5. Which of the following transitive verbs don't passivize?:‘A. Some common verbs which take atypical direct objects. B. All transitive verbs passivize. C. Some common verbs with clausal direct objects. D. Transitive verbs never passivize. 6. Which semantic functions correspond to indirect objects?: A. Agents and Experiencers. B. Recipients and Beneficiaries C. Circumstances. D. Direct objects and prepositional objects. 7. Which of the following factors favour the omission of the complementiser “that? A. Having “think” or “say” as the main verb. B. When the subject refers to a different entity in the main clause and in the that-clause C. When there is a noun rather than a pronoun head in the that-clause. D. Having the sentence in a tense other than the simple present. 8. What is NOT a function of personal pronouns? A. Setting up identity chains by means of anaphora B. Contributing to referential coherence. C. Contributing to textual cohesion D. Maintaining the topic pattern of the discourse. 9. Which of the following is NOT an experiential type of determination by which referent things can be particularized in English? A. Defining and particularizing B. Quantifying and distributing. C. Semi-determinatives. D. Pre- and post-modifiers. 10. What is the name given to the entities involved in processes? A. Participants B. Attributes C. CircumstancesD. Determiners 11. In which major way are circumstantial complements different from subject complements? A. The type of information they provide. B. The former co-occur with predicative verbs and the latter with copular verbs. C. The former represent a new participant in the clause and the latter do not. D. Circumstantial complements occur in the prediction and subject complements may occur in the subject. 12. Which of the following statements about intransitive clauses is NOT true? A. Some intransitive structures have a loc /e complement. B. Some intransitive structures have a prepositional object. C. Some intransitive structures have a subject complement. D. Intransitive structures cannot be pasivized. 13, What do stance adjuncts express? ‘A. The speaker's attitude to or evaluation of the content of the clause. B. The setting for the situation expressed in the clause, as regards place, time and manner, among others C. The union of two clauses, or parts of clauses, signalling the semantic relation holding between them. D. Background information regarding the speaker's communicative intents. 14. What is “in the drawer’ in “I put the towels in the drawer"? A. An adjunct. B. A locative lement. C. An object complement, D. A disjunct. 15. Which of the following sentences contains a wh-interrogative clause realising the subject element? A. That he failed the driving test surprised everybody. B. Why the library was closed for months was not explained. C. What he said shocked me.D. How they lived was remarkable. 16. What is a difference between an assertive word and a non-assertive word? A. The former always has factual meanings. B. The latter always occurs in negative clauses. C. The latter occurs in either negative or interrogative clauses D. The former always occurs in affirmative clauses. 17. What is the main unit of syntactic analysis in Systemic Functional Grammar? A. The phrase. B. The clause. C. The group. D. The word 18. Which of the following statements is true? A. Acatenative verb controls a non-finite complement. B. The infinitive, the participial and the conditional are non-finite verbal forms. C. The same verb may have tense and modality. D. Only modals and primary verbs require a finite verb. 19. What is the theme of a message? A. Its point of departure. B. The new information it provides. C. The initial word of the sentence. D. An experiential function 20. Which is the finite operator in the sentence: “I might give you A+ for your test"? Al B. Might C. Give D. YouGramatica Inglesa (Grado en Estudios Ingleses) -Septiembre 2015 Modelo B No se permite el uso de ningiin material. El tiempo de duracién del examen es de dos horas. Responda a las preguntas 1-20 en hoja de lectura éptica. Puntuacién: respuestas correctas: 0,5; cada respuesta incorrecta restaré 0,1. 1. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. A process is an action, event, state or type of behavior. B.A circumstance is a type of semantic function C. An attribute is a quality or characteristic of a participant. D. A participant is an animate entity involved in a process. 2. What is the theme of a message? A. Its point of departure. B. The new information it provides. C. The initial word of the sentence. D. An experiential function. 3. Which is the finite operator in the sentence: “I might give you A+ for your test"? Al B. Might C. Give D. You 4. Having the Direct Object as Theme in a declarative clause is ‘A. An unmarked choice. B. A marked choice. C. A topical choice. D. Incorrect. 5. What does thematisation involve? A. Taking an element to the end of the sentence. B. Altering the syntactic function of the main participants.. Modifying the information pattern of the discourse. Bringing an element to the initial position of the sentence. An embedded clause does NOT have... a syntactic relation of dependency with respect to the main one. a structure that is often dictated by the verb of the main clause. . a semantic function within the main clause. a functional parallelism with adjuncts necessarily . Finite verbs: Are always marked for modality and tense. ‘Are marked either for modality or for tense. . Always have an overt subject. None of the above are correct. Which of the following is a marked Theme in a non-declarative clause?: Operator+subject (in yesino interrogatives) Wh-word (in wh-interrogatives) Base form of verb in 2nd person (in imperatives) .. Emphatic do (in imperatives) |. Which of the following is an assertive word?: >S©oT0O RP FB® TO PFNTDORYPHODO still B. yet C. ever D. any 10. According to Systemic Functional Grammar, what kind of unit is a whole piece of discourse? A. lexical B. pragmatic-semantic C. extratinguistic D. morphological 11. Why is the PP not a group? A. Because there are two obligatory elements instead of one.B. The PP is a group. C. Because the head (the preposition) has little or no meaning D. Because there is typically only one word in a phrase. 12. What do abbreviated clauses consist of? ‘A.A question tag. B.A yes-no answer. C. A subject and a finite operator. D. A subject only. 13. Which of the following sentences contains an evaluative adjunct? A. Obviously, she'll rely on you. B. According to the weather forecast, it will rain today. C. Unfortunately, our team didn’t win D. Furthermore, | might call a doctor. 14. Which of the following factors favour the omission of the complementiser “that"? A. Having “think” or “say” as the main verb, B. When the subject refers to a different entity in the main clause and in the that-clause C. When there is a noun rather than a pronoun head in the that-clause. D. Having the sentence in a tense other than the simple present. 15. Which of the following features is included in the notion of agency? A. animacy B. intention C. force D. description 16. Which of the following tests does NOT help in structural disambiguation? A. Clefting. B. Fronting C. Changing the tense or modality of the main verb. D. Passivization.17. What is interpersonal meaning? A. The type of meaning encoded as questions, statements, offers, reminders, acknowledgements, etc. B. The meaning that has to do with the content of the message. C. The meaning of an organised message in relation to what precedes it in the discourse. D. The type of meaning that is implicit in the mutual hierarchical relationship between two or more interlocutors. 18. What does a stance adjunct express? A. The setting for the situation expressed in the clause. B. The speaker's attitude to or evaluation of the content of the clause. C. The connection between two clauses or parts of clauses D. Background information about the message of the clause. 19. What semantic role does the direct object have in the sentence “I felt a sudden pain in my arm”? A. Affected B. Instrument. C. Phenomenon. D. Recipient. 20. Where is the preposition located when it is “stranded”? A. Right before the prepositional complement. B. Displaced from its position in the PP. C. Right after the prepositional complement. D. Towards the end of the sentence.