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SISTEMAS DE ECUACIONES
COMPENSAR – UNIPANAMERICANA
FUNDACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA
BOGOTÁ
2020
1. Encontrar la matriz inversa con el método de Gauss Jordan.
4 −2 3
𝐴 = (−1 5 7)
8 3 −9
−1 3 1
4 −2 3 1 0 0 F1 / 4 1 0 0
2 4 4
𝐴 = (−1 5 7 0 1 0) (−1 5 7 0 1 0) F2 + 1F1
8 3 −9 0 0 1 8 3 −9 0 0 1
−1 3 1 −1 3 1
1 0 0 1 0 0
2 4 4 2 4 4
(0 9
1 0) (0 1 0)
9 31 1 9 31 1
F2 /
2 4 4 2 4 4 2
8 3 −9 0 0 1 F3 - 8F1 0 7 −15 −2 0 1
−1 3 1 1 29 5 1
1 0 0 F1 + 2 F2 1 0 0
2 4 4 18 18 9
(0 1
31 1 2
0) (0 1 31 1 2
0)
18 18 9 18 18 9
0 7 −15 −2 0 1 0 7 −15 −2 0 1 F3 – 7F2
29 5 1 29 5 1 29
1 0 0 1 0 0 F1 - F3
18 18 9 18 18 9 18
31 1 2 31 1 2
0 1 0 0 1 0
18 18 9 18 18 9
−487 −43 −14 −487 43 28 −18
0 0 1 F3 / 18 0 0 1
( 18 18 9 ) ( 487 487 487 )
66 9 29 66 9 29
1 0 0 1 0 0
487 487 487 487 487 487
31 1 2 31 −47 60 31
0 1 0 F2 – 18 F3 0 1 0
18 18 9 487 487 487
43 28 −18 43 28 −18
0 0 1 0 0 1
( 487 487 487 ) ( 487 487 487 )
66 9 29
487 487 487
−1 −47 60 31
𝐴 = 487 487 487
43 28 −18
( 487 487 487 )
4 −3 6 9
2 5 −1 8
B=( )
3 6 −4 3
2 −1 5 4
−3 3 9 1
4 −3 6 9 1 0 0 0 F1 / 4 1 0 0 0
4 2 4 4
2 5 −1 8 0 1 0 0 2 5 −1 8 0 1 0 0 F2 – 2F1
B=( )
3 6 −4 3 0 0 1 0 3 6 −4 3 0 0 1 0
2 −1 5 4 0 0 0 1 (2 −1 5 4 0 0 0 1)
−3 3 9 1
1
−3 3 9 1
0 0 0 1 0 0 0
4 2 4 4
4 2 4 4
13 7 −1
13 7 −1 0 −4 1 0 0
0 2 −4 2 1 0 0 2 2 2
2
1 0 F3 – 3F1 0
33 −17 −15 −3
3 6 −4 3 0 0 0 1 0
4 2 4 4
(2 −1 5 4 0 0 0 1) (2 −1 5 4 0 0 0 1)F4 – 2F1
−3 3 9 1 −3 3 9 1 3
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 F1 + 4 F2
4 2 4 4 4 2 4 4
13 7 −1 13 −8 7 −1 2
0 −4 1 0 0 F2 / 0 1 0 0
2 2 2 2 13 13 13 13
33 −17 −15 −3 33 −17 −15 −3
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
4 2 4 4 4 2 4 4
1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1
(0 2
2 2 2
0 0 1) (0 2
2 2 2
0 0 1)
27 69 5 3 27 69 5 3
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26
−8 7 −1 2 −8 7 −1 2
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13
33 −17 −15 −3 33 −89 −213 −3 −33
0 0 1 0 F3 - 4
F2 0 0 1 0
4 2 4 4 26 26 26 26
1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1
(0 2
2
2 2
0 0 1) (0 2
2
2 2
0 0 1)
27 69 5 3
1 0 0 0
26 26 26 26
−8 7 −1 2
0 1 0 0
13 13 13 13
−89 −213 −3 −33 −89
0 0 1 0 F3 /
26 26 26 26 26
1 30 −10 −6 −1
F4 - F2
2 (0 0 13 13 13 13
0 1)
27 69 5 3 27 15 14 −24 27
1 0 0 0 F1 - 𝐹3 1 0 0 0
26 26 26 26 26 89 89 89 89
−8 7 −1 2 −8 7 −1 2
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13
213 3 33 −26 213 3 33 −26
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89
30 −10 −6 −1 30 −10 −6 −1
(0 0 13 13 13 13
0 1) (0 0 13 13 13 13
0 1)
15 14 −24 27
1 0 0 0
89 89 89 89
8 179 −5 34 −16
F2 +
13
F3 0 1 0 0
89 89 89 89
213 3 33 −26
0 0 1 0
89 89 89 89
30 −10 −6 −1 30
(0 0 0 1) F4 - 13 F3
13 13 13 13
15 14 −24 27
1 0 0 0
89 89 89 89
179 −5 34 −16
0 1 0 0
89 89 89 89
213 3 33 −26
0 0 1 0
89 89 89 89
−560 −48 −83 60 −560
(0 0 0 1) F4 / 89
89 89 89 89
15 14 −24 27 15 1 −33 9 3
1 0 0 89 89 89 89
0 F1 - F4 1 0 0 0 7 112 28 112
89
179 −5 34 −16 179 −5 34 −16
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89
213 3 33 −26 213 3 33 −26
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
89 89 89 89 89 89 89 89
3 83 −3 −89 3 83 −3 −89
(0 0 0 1 35 560 28 560 ) (0 0 0 1 35 560 28 560 )
1 −33 9 3
1 0 0 0 7 112 28 112
−8 47 1 179
0 1 0 0 35 560 28 560
179 213 3 33 −26
F2 - F4 0 0 1 0
89 89 89 89 89
3 83 −3 −89 213
(0 0 0 1 F3 - F4
35 560 28 560 ) 89
1 −33 9 3
1 0 0 0 7 112 28 112
−8 47 1 179
0 1 0 0 35 560 28 560
−6 9 −1 213
0 0 1 0 35 560 28 560
3 83 −3 −89
(0 0 0 1 35 560 28 560 )
1 −33 9 3
7 112 28 112
−8 47 1 179
35 560 28 560
𝐵 −1 = −6 9 −1 213
35 560 28 560
3 83 −3 −89
( 35 560 28 560 )
11 1 0 0 2 1 0 0 2
F1 + F3 5 47 5
9 (0 1 9 ) F2 - 9 F3 (0 1 0 3)
9
0 0 1 4 0 0 1 4
2𝑥 − 3(2𝑦 − 5𝑧 + 1) = 4
A. 3𝑥 = 5(2𝑧 − 4𝑦 + 2)
4𝑧 − 2𝑦 = 8 − 5𝑥
2𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 15𝑧 = 7
3𝑥 + 20𝑦 − 10𝑧 = 10
5𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 8
2 −6 15
𝛥𝑠 = 3 20 −10
5 −2 4
2 −6 15
3 20 −10
= (160-90+300) - (1500+40-72)
= 370 - 1468
= -1098
7 −6 15
𝛥𝑥 = 10 20 −10
8 −2 4
7 −6 15
10 20 −10
= (560-300+480) – (2400+140-240)
= 740 – 2300
= -1560
2 7 15
𝛥𝑦 = 3 10 −10
5 8 4
2 7 15
3 10 −10
= (80+360-350) – (750-160+84)
= 90 – 674
= -584
2 −6 7
𝛥𝑧 = 3 20 10
5 −2 8
2 −6 7
3 20 10
= (320-42-300) – (700-40-144)
= -22-516
= -538
𝛥𝑥 −1560 260
𝑥= = =
𝛥𝑠 −1098 183
𝛥𝑦 −584 292
𝑦= = =
𝛥𝑠 −1098 549
𝛥𝑧 −538 269
𝑧= = =
𝛥𝑠 −1098 549
3𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 3𝑧 + 8𝑤 = −10
4𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 2𝑧 − 6𝑤 = 13
4𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 5𝑧 + 2𝑤 =5
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 4𝑧 − 5𝑤 = −20
3 5 −3 8
𝛥𝑠 = 4 −3 2 −6
4 3 −5 2
2 −3 −4 −5
−3 2 −6 4 2 −6 4 −3 −6 4 −3 2
3 3 −5 2 − 5 4 −5 2 +3 4 3 2 − 8 4 3 −5
−3 −4 −5 2 −4 −5 2 −3 −5 2 −3 −4
−3 2 −6 4 2 −6 4 −3 −6 4 −3 2
3 −5 2 4 −5 2 4 3 2 4 3 −5
𝛥𝑠 = 459
−10 5 −3 8 −10 5 −3 8
𝛥𝑥 = 13 −3 2 −6 F2 + 1.3F1 0 3.5 −1.9 4.4
5 3 −5 2 5 3 −5 2 F3+0.5F1
−20 −3 −4 −5 −20 −3 −4 −5
−10 5 −3 8 −10 5 −3 8
0 3.5 −1.9 4.4 0 3.5 −1.9 4.4
11
0 5.5 −6.5 6 0 5.5 −6.5 6 F3 - 7 F2
−20 −3 −4 −5 F4-2F1 0 −13 2 −21
−10 5 −3 8 −10 5 −3 8
0 3.5 −1.9 4.4 0 3.5 −1.9 4.4
−123 −32 −123 −32
0 0 35 35
0 0 35 35
26 −177 −163 59
0 −13 2 −21 F4 + 𝐹2 0 0 F4 - 41 𝐹3
7 35 35
−10 5 −3 8
0 3.5 −1.9 4.4
−123 −32
0 0 35
35
−137
0 0 0
41
−123 −137
= (−10) ∗ 3.5 ∗ ( ) ∗ ( ) = −411
35 41
3 −10 −3 8
𝛥𝑦 = 4 13 2 −6
4 5 −5 2
2 −20 −4 −5
(325 + 120 − 80) − (−250 − 160 + 120) − (100 − 416 − 360) − (−40 − 520 + 90) −
(−600 − 104 − 50) (800 + 80 + 75) (−320 − 240 + 195) (80 − 300 − 78)
= 365 − (−754) = −290 − 955 = −676 − (−365) = −470 − (−298)
= 1119 = −1245 = −311 = −172
𝛥𝑦 = 7437
8 3 5 −10 8
3 5 −10 8 F2 - 4 F1 3 5 −10 −29 79 −50
𝛥𝑧 = 4 −3 13 −6 3 0
−29 79 −50 0 3 3 3
3 3 3 4
4 3 5 2 𝐹3 − F1 −11 55 −26
4 3 5 2 3 0 3
3 3
2 −3 −20 −5 2 −3 −20 −5 2 −3 −20 −5
3 5 −10 8 3 5 −10 8
−29 79 −50 −29 79 −50
0 0
3 3 3 3 3 3
−11 55 −26 11 242 −68
2 0 3 3 3
𝐹3 − 𝐹2 0 0 29 29
𝐹4 − 𝐹1 29
3 −19 −40 −31 −19 −40 −31
0 3 3 3
0 3 3 3
3 5 −10 8 3 5 −10 8
−29 79 −50 −29 79 −50
0 3 3 3
0 3 3 3
242 −68 242 −68
0 0 29 29
0 0 29 29
19
𝐹4 − 𝐹2 0 −887 17 887 0
−969
29 0 29 29 𝐹4 + 𝐹3 0 0 121
242
𝛥𝑧 = 1938
3 5 −3 −10 4
3 5 −3 −10
−29 79
𝛥𝑤 = 4 −3 2 13 F2 - 3 F1 0 3
6 3 4
F3 - F1
4 3 −5 5 4 3 −5 5
3
2
2 −3 −4 −20 2 −3 −4 −20 F4 - F1
3
3 5 −3 −10 3 5 −3 −10
−29 79 −29 79
0 6 3
0 6
3 3 3
−11 55 −95 242
0 −1 F3 -
11
F2 0 0 29
3 3 29
29
−19 −40 −172 −887 172
0 −2 19
0 0 F4 - F3
3 3 29 29 95
F4 - F2
29
3 5 −3 −10
−29 79
0 6
3 3
−95 242
0 0 29
29
−4341
0 0 0 95
𝛥𝑤 = -4341
𝛥𝑥 −411 −137
𝑥= = =
𝛥𝑠 459 153
𝛥𝑦 7437 2479
𝑦= = =
𝛥𝑠 459 153
𝛥𝑧 1938 38
𝑧= = =
𝛥𝑠 459 9
𝛥𝑤 −4341 −1447
𝑤= = =
𝛥𝑠 459 153
4𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 6𝑧 − 2𝑤 = −6
3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 8𝑧 − 3𝑤 =5
2𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 7𝑧 + 3𝑤 =6
3𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 3𝑧 + 2𝑤 =4
4 −5 6 −2 −6 𝑥
−3) 𝑦
𝐴 = (3 −2 8 𝐵=( 5 ) 𝑋 = (𝑧)
2 5 −7 3 6
3 −2 −3 2 4 𝑤
A*X = B
X=𝐴−1 *B
4 −5 6 −2 4 −5 6 −2
|𝐴| = |3 −2 8 −3| F2 - 0.75 F1 |0 1.75 3.5 −1.5| F3 - F2
30
2 5 −7 3 F3 - 0.5 F1 0 7.5 −10 4 7
3 −2 −3 2 F4 - 0.75 F1 0 1.75 −7.5 3.5 F4 - 1 F2
−2 4 −5 6 −2
4 −5 6
3.5 −1.5 |0 1.75 3.5 −1.5
|0 1.75 73 |
73 |
0 0 −25 |0 0 −25 7 |
7 72
0 0 −11 5 F4 - 0.44 F3 0 0 0 175
|𝐴| = −72
𝐴−1 =
−2 8 −3
F1.1 | 5 −7 3 | = -31
−2 −3 2
3 8 −3
F1.2 |2 −7 3 | = -20
3 −3 2
3 −2 −3
F1.3 |2 5 3 | = 95
3 −2 2
3 −2 8
F1.4 |2 5 −7| = −209
3 −2 −3
−5 6 −2
F2.1 | 5 −7 3 | = −13
−2 −3 2
4 6 −2
F2.2 |2 −7 3 | = −20
3 −3 2
4 −5 −2
F2.3 |2 5 3 | = 77
3 −2 2
4 −5 6
F2.4 |2 5 −7| = −155
3 −2 −3
−5 6 −2
F3.1 |−2 8 −3| = −19
−2 −3 2
4 6 −2
F3.2 |3 8 −3| = 4
3 −3 2
4 −5 −2
F3.3 |3 −2 −3| = 35
3 −2 2
4 −5 6
F3.4 |3 −2 8 | = −77
3 −2 −3
−5 6 −2
F4.1 |−2 8 −3| = −17
5 −7 3
4 6 −2
F4.2 |3 8 −3| = −4
2 −7 3
4 −5 −2
F4.3 |3 −2 −3| = 73
2 5 3
4 −5 6
F4.4 |3 −2 8 | = −175
2 5 −7
Matriz de adjuntos
−31 20 95 209
=| 13 −20 −77 −155 |
−19 −4 35 77
17 −4 −73 −175
−31 13 −19 17
𝐶 = | 20 −20 −4 −4 |
𝑡
95 −77 35 −73
209 −155 77 −175
31 −13 19 −17
72 72 72 72
−5 5 1 1
𝐶𝑡 18 18 18 18
𝐴−1 = =
det 𝐴 −95 77 −35 73
72 72 72 72
−209 155 −77 175
( 72 72 72 72 )
31 −13 19 −17
72 72 72 72
−5 5 1 1 −6
X = 𝐴 *B =−1 18 18 18 18
73 *( 5 ) =
−95 77 −35 6
72 72 72 72 4
−209 155 −77 175
( 72 72 72 72 )
31 −13 19 −17 31 65 19 17
∗ (−6) + ( 72 ) ∗ 5 + 72 ∗ 6 + ( 72 ) ∗ 4 − 12 − 72 + 12 − 18
72
−5 5 1 1 5 25 1 2
( ) ∗ (−6) + ∗5+ ∗6+ ∗4 + + +
18 18 18 18 3 18 3 9
−95 77 −35 73
= 95 385 35 73
( 72 ) ∗ (−6) + 72 ∗ 5 + ( 72 ) ∗ 6 + 72 ∗ 4 + − 12 + 18
12 72
−209 155 −77 175 209 775 77 175
(( ) ∗ (−6) + ∗ 5 + ( 72 ) ∗ 6 + ∗ 4) ( 12 + − 12 + )
72 72 72 72 18
−205
72
65
18
= 1037
72
2267
( 72 )
−205
𝑥=
72
65
𝑦=
18
1037
𝑧=
72
2267
𝑤=
72