ASSIGNMENT 3

Research Methodology
Hafsa
20l-2506

[DATE]
[COMPANY NAME]
[Company address]
Summaries
1:
In recent times, the COVID-19 disease spread all over world and cause severe dangers to humanity. To
decrease the spread of COVID-19 disease to the community wear masks, hand sanitization, social
distancing, closed all types of local transports. At this time, avoidance and control processes that can limit
the spread of COVID-19. Typically, petroleum are used to make facemask that create health problems
and also dangerous to the environment. The marine also become a great challenge for government to
execute strict rules for the appropriate dumping medical remaining by the community. Due to this large
tones of micro-plastics are released to the landfill and the marine environment. Nowadays both terrestrial
and marine surroundings become major concern. During the COVID-19 epidemic unexpected increase in
the usage of face mask, gloves etc. If medical waste are not properly moved or disposed then still
considered dangerous waste.
COVID-19 pandemic carries a novel form of contamination called personal protective equipment (PPE).
Before COVID-19 pandemic Plastic waste pollution was previously considered major threats to world. To
decrease the spread of COVID-19 disease use of personal protective equipment increased that further
increased the environmental pollution. Some Traditional ways and means of waste management should be
replaced with new techniques and solution that are more easy to run and reliable. For effective
management of increasing medical waste, many world countries adopted a constructive methodology. To
regulator the existing circumstances government may use adequate waste recycling (AWR) and its
transformation to other energy forms. Now a day if medical waste are not properly treated then in future
its impact also extended and cause harmful effects to land and ocean ecosystem. To overcome the
problem is improvised face mask manufacture either made from nanotechnology or biomaterial, which
should take an equivalent or improved efficiency than conventional ones.

2:
The beginning of the human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and its potential for harm increased face mask
and medical waste in the surroundings of whole world. So there is the urgent need of prevention and
control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Face mask and medical waste production in world during the
COVID-19 pandemic increased. The waste disposal has negative impact on the environment. To decrease
COVID-19 pandemic hazards in hospitals and in community Standardization, procedures, guidelines and
strict implementation of medical waste management, as proper medical waste disposal effectively
controls infection sources. Most of these PPEs made up of single-use plastic. During the COVID-19
pandemic, more than 240 tons of waste per day in comparison to the 40 tons that was earlier produced
during normal circumstances with most of the waste comprising plastic PPEs. With the steady increase in
the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases the number of face masks used and medical waste has
increased. To decrease the danger of the COVID-19 pandemic dispersal to the environment within
hospitals, community houses and public areas.

3:
Due to coronavirus diseases the use of face mask and contagious waste has increased with rapid increase
in number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. Corona virus is horrific virus, and the perturbed officials
should pay remarkable observation to all facets of prevention and control. To reduce pandemic risk and
control the infection risk in hospitals, in public places and in community, standardization, guidelines,
procedures and proper disposal of medical waste should be strictly considered. Approximately 2 billion
mask was used in Asia during COVID-19 Pandemic. Recommendation for Face Mask and COVID-19
waste treatment, disposal and management.
4:
During unprecedented coronavirus disease times, demand of personal protective equipment (PPE) is
increased and hospitals face shortage of PPEs. PPE needs to be sterilized before reuse. To ensure the
safety of medical personnel various sterilization techniques can be used to sterilize PPEs. Sterilization
techniques allow hospitals and clinics to pick the most suitable technique for sterilization of a particular
PPE during a global COVID-19 pandemic . Chemicals, heat, ultraviolet radiation, and ionizing radiation
are several procedures that used for the sterilization of medical equipment’s. In hospitals Chemicals are
widely used as antiseptics while heat is most suitable and cost-effective method but this sterilization
process is not appropriate for temperature and moisture sensitive equipment. Lower radiation doses less
than 10 kGy allow hospitals to start safely without disturbing about high dose delivery to the medical staff
and patients. To reduce regulatory burden it also licenses hospitals to work under their up-to-date
licensing contract. , hospitals can save time and continue to serve patients with high quality sterilized
PPEs if sterilization technique available in house.