Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Page 1 of 20
APPROVED BY
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 2 of 20
Foreword
Design Methodology – Bandlock2 Closure
The Bandlock 2 quick acting closure utilizes pressure loaded components which fall outside the rules provided
for "Standard" components as specified in ASME VIII Div 1.
With reference to ASME VIII Div 1 Appendix 46 (Formerly U-2 (g), calculations have been performed on the
three pressure loaded parts i.e. Neck, Door and Band using stress categorization techniques specified in ASME
VIII Div 2 Part 5 - "Design by Analysis". The allowable material design stress values used in these calculations
have been obtained from ASME VIII Div 1 UG-23. Adoption of these techniques provides solutions as safe as
those provided by Div 1 rules, as required by Appendix 46 (Formerly U-2 (g). The Finite Element method is used
to determine the stresses on the pressure loaded components with subsequent stress categorization as shown
in ASME VIII Div 2 Part 5 (Fig. 5.1).
Closure neck wall thickness and hydrostatic test pressure are calculated using ASME VIII Div 1 UG-27 and
UG-99 (b) respectively.
The closure functional design is fully in accordance with ASME VIII Div 1 UG-35.2
Locking Band
Operational and mechanical strength requirements necessitate the selection of a specific grade of steel for
this component. Duplex steel conforming to ASME II SA479 UNS S31803 (Flat Bar) has proved successful in
meeting the loading and operational requirements of the locking band.
The attachment weld between locking band and operating lug does not constitute a critical loaded weld since
its failure would not in any way affect the safe load carrying capacity of the band.
Thickness used for Neck is above curve C at -20°C, Therefore Impact Testing is `not mandatory’.
Thickness used for Door (UCS-66(a)(1)(a)(-3)) is above curve D at -20°C, Therefore Impact Testing is ‘not
mandatory’.
Impact testing for Duplex Locking Bands 10mm or thinner & if -29˚C & warmer is exempt as per UHA-
51(d)(3)(a), as the MDMT is -20°C and band thickness is 10mm, impact testing is “not mandatory”.
Pressure Warning Screw (ASME II SA479 316), Impact testing is “not mandatory” as per UHA-51 (d)(1)(a).
Loadings (UG-22)
In accordance with ASME VIII Div.1 Appendix 33, any conversions are in accordance with Appendix-GG.
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 3 of 20
CONTENTS
1. GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2. Software .................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.3. Model Details ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.4. Notation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.5. Design Parameters ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
1.6. Material Properties .................................................................................................................................................... 5
2. CALCULATIONS .................................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1. Dimensional Data ...................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.2. Neck Wall Thickness Calculation to ASME VIII Div. 1 (UG-27) using corroded I/Dia. ................................................ 6
2.3. Minimum Hydrotest Calculation of Closure to ASME VIII Div. 1 (UG-99 (b))............................................................. 6
2.4. Hoop Stress Check at Test (Cold and New) for Closure Neck .................................................................................... 6
2.5. Stress Check at Test (Cold and New) for Flat head to ASME VIII Div. 1 UG-34 Fig. (m) ............................................. 6
2.6. Flat Head Calculation to ASME VIII Div. 1 UG-34 Fig. (m) .......................................................................................... 6
2.7. MAWP using Neck Wall Thickness Calculation to ASME VIII Div.1 UG-27 ................................................................. 7
2.8. MAWP using Flat Head Calculation to ASME VIII Div.1 UG-34 Fig. (m) ..................................................................... 7
2.9. MAWP of Locking band ............................................................................................................................................. 7
3. MODEL DETAILS ................................................................................................................................................ 7
3.1. Geometry ................................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.2. Analytical Model ........................................................................................................................................................ 7
3.3. Boundary Conditions ................................................................................................................................................. 7
3.4. Mesh Detail ................................................................................................................................................................ 8
3.5. Mesh Refinement ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
3.6. Material Information ................................................................................................................................................. 9
4. VALIDATION ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
5. RESULTS – MAWP ........................................................................................................................................... 10
5.1. Stress Classification Lines ........................................................................................................................................ 10
5.2. Allowable Stress Values ........................................................................................................................................... 10
5.3. Stress Classification Results ..................................................................................................................................... 11
5.4. Stress Classification Line A-A (Door) ........................................................................................................................ 12
5.5. Stress Classification Line B-B (Door) ........................................................................................................................ 13
5.6. Stress Classification Line C-C (Hub).......................................................................................................................... 14
5.7. Stress Classification Line D-D (Hub) ......................................................................................................................... 15
5.8. Stress Classification Line E-E (Neck)......................................................................................................................... 16
5.9. Stress Classification Line F-F (Band)......................................................................................................................... 17
5.10. Stress Classification Line G-G (Band) ................................................................................................................... 18
5.11. MAWP estimation of locking band using FE Analysis .......................................................................................... 19
6. CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................................................. 20
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 4 of 20
1. GENERAL
1.1. Introduction
The report details the calculations to demonstrate that the loaded components in a 24-inch
nominal size horizontal bandlock 2 closure satisfies the necessary stress requirements as per
ASME VIII Division 1 [2019] (Code Stamped).
1.2. Software
This analysis was carried out using ANSYS Workbench Mechanical Release 19.1
1.3. Model Details
ASME VIII 2019 notation will be used throughout this report. A summary of the notation used
in this report is given below.
S1, S2, S3, S4 Stress Categories
Pm Primary Membrane Equivalent Stress
Pb Primary Bending Equivalent Stress
Q Secondary Membrane Plus Bending Equivalent Stress ASME VIII Div. 2
Part 5
F Peak Equivalent Stress
S Maximum Allowable Stress
Sa Fatigue Equivalent Stress
Factor Depending Upon The Method Of Attachment Of Head, Shell Dimensions,
C And Other Items As Described In Table 4.6.1.
CA Corrosion Allowance
D Inside Diameter Of A Shell/ Head /Pipe wall
Subscripts
n, d and l Neck, door and locking band
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 5 of 20
Door: Allowable Stress Values Taken from ASME II Part D Table 1A and Yield from table Y-1
Hub: Allowable stress values taken from ASME II Part D table 1A and Yield from table Y-1
Locking band: Allowable stress values taken from ASME II Part D Table 1A
2. CALCULATIONS
2.1. Dimensional Data
Closure Bore (Di) 560.4 mm
Corroded Bore 566.4 mm
Closure Neck min. wall Thickness 24.6 mm
Sealing diameter 608.5mm
Locking Band thickness 10 mm
Closure door thickness 94 mm
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 6 of 20
2.2. Neck Wall Thickness Calculation to ASME VIII Div. 1 (UG-27) using corroded I/Dia.
𝑃𝑅
𝑡𝑛 = + 𝐶𝐴
𝑆𝐸 − 0.6𝑃
4.69 × 283.2
𝑡𝑛 = +3
(138 × 1) − (0.6 × 4.69)
𝑡𝑛 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟖𝟑 𝒎𝒎
Actual neck wall thickness used is 24.6 mm. Wall thickness therefore meets code requirements
2.3. Minimum Hydrotest Calculation of Closure to ASME VIII Div. 1 (UG-99 (b))
𝑃𝑡(𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐) = 1.3 × 𝑀𝐴𝑊𝑃 × 𝑀𝑖𝑛(𝑆𝑡 ⁄𝑆 …)
𝑃𝑡(𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐) = 1.3 × 10.06 × 1
𝑃𝑡(𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐) = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟎𝟖 𝑴𝑷𝒂
The closure minimum hydro-test pressure is 13.09 MPa.
The actual closure hydrotest pressure used will be equal to vessel hydrostatic test pressure of
5.87 MPa as specified by client.
2.4. Hoop Stress Check at Test (Cold and New) for Closure Neck
𝐷𝑖 × 𝑃𝑡(𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐)
𝜎ℎ = ( ) × 100%
2 × 𝑡𝑛 × 𝜎𝑦
560.4 × 13.09
𝜎ℎ = ( ) × 100%
2 × 24.6 × 248
𝜎ℎ = 𝟔𝟎. 𝟏𝟑% 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑
2.5. Stress Check at Test (Cold and New) for Flat head to ASME VIII Div. 1 UG-34 Fig. (m)
2
𝑑 𝐶𝑃𝑡(𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐)
𝜎ℎ = ( ) × ( ) × 100%
𝑡 𝐸𝜎𝑦
608.5 2 0.3 × 13.09
𝜎ℎ = ( ) ×( ) × 100%
94 1 × 262
𝜎ℎ = 𝟔𝟐. 𝟖𝟏 % 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑
2.6. Flat Head Calculation to ASME VIII Div. 1 UG-34 Fig. (m)
𝑡 = 𝑑√𝐶𝑃⁄𝑆𝐸 + 𝐶𝐴
2.7. MAWP using Neck Wall Thickness Calculation to ASME VIII Div.1 UG-27
(𝑡 − 𝐶𝐴) × 𝑆𝐸
𝑀𝐴𝑊𝑃𝑛 =
𝑅 + 0.6 × (𝑡 − 𝐶𝐴)
(24.6 − 3) × (138 × 1)
𝑀𝐴𝑊𝑃𝑛 = = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟕 𝑴𝑷𝒂
283.2 + 0.6 × (24.6 − 3)
2.8. MAWP using Flat Head Calculation to ASME VIII Div.1 UG-34 Fig. (m)
𝑡 − 𝐶𝐴 2
(
) × (𝑆𝐸)
𝑀𝐴𝑊𝑃𝑑 = 𝑑
𝐶
94 − 3 2
( ) × (138 × 1)
𝑀𝐴𝑊𝑃𝑑 = 608.5 = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟐𝟗 𝑴𝑷𝒂
0.3
The MAWP is 10.06 MPa limited by Closure Neck. Therefore, MAWP meets requirements.
3. MODEL DETAILS
3.1. Geometry
Parts were modelled with reference to GD Engineering drawings:
Neck : 6275-0058
Door : 6282-0880
Locking Band : 6297-0682
The neck was constrained at the termination end; it had also been extended so that this
restraint did not impose artificial loading on the model. MAWP load (considering the
worst case compared to design pressure) of 10.06 MPa is applied to the relevant door
and neck surfaces up to the outside face of the seal groove (See Figure 1).
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 8 of 20
Frictional contacts
applied to these
Neck Constrained surfaces with 0.2
About This line coefficient
UY=0 Pressure Load as indicated
Applied as Indicated
4. VALIDATION
𝜎ℎ = 𝟏𝟑𝟏. 𝟗 𝑴𝑷𝒂
From the analysis the magnitude of hoop stress as described in Figure 3 is found in the range of
131.57 MPa to 132 MPa.
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 10 of 20
5. RESULTS – MAWP
5.1. Stress Classification Lines
The following calculations are derived from ASME VIII Division 2 Part 5 -’Design by Analysis’
Stress Categories and Limits of equivalent stress Ref. Fig 5.1
S1 = Pm ≤S MPa
S2 = Pm+ Pb ≤ 1.5 S MPa
S3 = Pm+ Pb+ Q ≤ 3.0 S MPa
S4 = Pm+ Pb+ Q+ F (Fatigue) ≤ 2 Sa MPa
The table below summarizes the maximum equivalent stress allowed in the individual
components. The fatigue equivalent stress (Sa) is obtained from graphs in ASME VIII Division
2, ANNEX 3-F Design Fatigue Curves Figures 3-F.1M and 3-F.3M based upon 2000 cycles.
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 11 of 20
Note: Fatigue assessment is done according to ASME VIII Div-2 Clause 5.5.3 Eq. 5.36. Half of
the total stress range is compared with alternating stress at 2000 cycles. Fatigue strength
utilization factor (S4/S4_allow.) is calculated for each section of the part as detailed in section
5.3.
S4 =
S1 S1/ S2 S2/ S3 S3/ S4/
Part SCL S3/2
S1_allow. S2_allow. S3_allow. S4_allow.
MPa MPa MPa MPa
Door A-A 7.67 0.06 143.13 0.69 139.30 0.34 69.65 0.15
Door B-B 40.49 0.29 44.42 0.21 92.64 0.22 46.32 0.10
Hub C-C 18.41 0.13 132.11 0.64 311.71 0.75 155.86 0.35
Hub D-D 66.50 0.48 115.99 0.56 303.65 0.73 151.83 0.34
Neck E-E 108.03 0.78 133.28 0.64 139.28 0.34 69.64 0.15
Band F-F 129.22 0.73 248.99 0.94 373.34 0.70 186.67 0.31
Band G-G 155.27 0.88 164.83 0.62 163.78 0.31 81.89 0.14
The table above shows that the utilization ratios at all parts are less than 1.0.
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 12 of 20
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 13 of 20
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 14 of 20
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 15 of 20
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 16 of 20
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 17 of 20
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 18 of 20
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 19 of 20
The analytical modal for MAWP analysis of the locking band is same as explained under
section 3.3. The MAWP is arrived by iterative process by varying the pressure until the band
maximum utilization factor reaches close to 1.0. The MAWP for locking band is estimated to
be 10.5 MPa
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.
Reference Number: C-3185131-10-FEA
Page 20 of 20
6. CONCLUSIONS
The calculations documented within this report show that the 24” Nominal Size Horizontal
Bandlock 2 Closure with Design pressure of 4.69 MPa, MAWP of 10.06 MPa & Hydrotest
pressure of 5.87 MPa satisfies all the requirements as per ASME VIII Division1 [2019] (Code
Stamped).
This Document is copyrighted by CELEROS Flow Technology and is being transmitted to the recipient, who by receiving it, acknowledges that CELEROS FT owns the
copyright in the Document, and agrees to not to distribute or make public the Document in whole or in part to any third-parties, copy or reproduce the Document in
whole or in part except to the extent necessary pursuant to a written agreement between the parties, or to make any use of it that is not the subject of a written
agreement between CELEROS FT and the recipient. Recipient also agrees to return or destroy any copies of the Document upon request by CELEROS FT.