Spindle Speed

Spindle speed can be specified directly using S word.

N12 S500;
Constant Surface Speed

N14 G50 S3000; (designation of maximum spindle speed)

N15 G96 S 200 ; ( Surface Speed 200 m/min)
N16 G97 S200; (Constant Surface Speed Cancel)

4
3

5
2 1

Tool path 1 -2-3-4-5-6-1

1-2-3 and 5-6 at specified feed rate

3-4-5 and 6-1 at rapid traverse.

Since diameter of the workpiece changes the spindle speed will have to vary continuously except
during 1-2.

When the tool reaches position 6, what is the diameter?

What will be the spindle speed when the tool tip is at position 6?
What is the spindle speed if point 6 is at X= -2.0?
Rapid Traverse (G00)

25
INITIAL POSITION
X OF TOOL TIP
70

Z 75 Dia.

25

25
70

N21 G00 X 75.0 Z5.0; (Absolute Format)

or

N21 G00 U-25.0 W-70.0: (Incremental format)

N21 G00 X75.0 W-70.0; (Mixed Format)

N 21 G00 U-25.0 Z5.0; (Mixed Format)

The tool travels initially at 450 and then in one direction only.
Linear Interpolation, G01
Tools move along a straight line to a specified position at a feed (mm/rev)or feed rate (mm/min). Feed
need not be repeated in the subsequent blocks if there is no change in feed. The feed commanded is
along the path of the tool.

75

1
X
50 Z 25

Please refer to the Figure.

The tool is to be moved from the initial position to the target position 2.
The program block can be written as:

N12 G01 X50.0 Z-75.0 F0.2; (Absolute)

or

N12 G01 U12.5 W-75.0 F 0.2; (Incremental)

Feed rate in the X direction = s x 12.5 /( 12.5 2+ 752)0.5

Feed rate in the X direction = s x 75 /( 12.5 2+ 752)0.5

Exercise: Write program blocks for the component shown in Fig. For tool path from 1 to 5.

5
4
3 2
X 1
80 40 Z 20 30

45
70

120
CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION (G02 and G03)

21.4
42.9

X 38.9 X
100 70 Z Z 100
80
37.5

90
107 90
158 140

Command Description
G17 Specification of arc in XY plane
G18 Specification of arc in ZX plane
G19 Specification of arc in Y Z plane
G02 Circular interpolation clockwise, (CW)
G03 Circular interpolation counter-clockwise, (CCW)
X Commanded value of X
Y Commanded value of Y
Z Commanded value of Z
I X-axis distance from the start point to the centre of arc with sign
J Y-axis distance from the start point to the centre of arc with sign
K Z-axis distance from the start point to the centre of arc with sign
R Arc radius (restricted to 180 0 arc)
F Feed rate along the arc
 85.6

X
Z 60 90

50

105

From point 1 to point 2

N17 G02 X 90.0 Z-105.0 I 85.6 J0 F0.16;

61.6 X
Z 50 100
65.6

22.5

85

From point 1 to point 2

N18 G03 X100.0 Z-85.0 I-65.6 J-61.6 F0.12 ;

Exercise 1: Write the blocks in incremental format.

Exercise2:

107.5

2 1

X
Dia 130 Z 70

40

115
155

7.5
4 3 37.5

2 1
25

Dia.160
60
X
Dia.80 Dia.100
Z
50
75

175

Tool path 1-2-3-4-5