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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

NETWORKS
Q. What is computer network?

Ans. A computer network consists of computers and devices connected together to share
information and resources. The resources may include printers, hard disks, scanners or programs
etc. Q. How are computers connected in computer network?

Ans. The computers in the network are connected together through communication media such as
physical cable or a wireless connection. The communication medium is also known as
communication channel.

Q. List any five uses of computer network.

Ans. Five uses of computer network include sending / receiving emails, playing online games,
watching videos, reading newspaper and studying online.

Q. Give an example of sharing a file using a computer network.

Ans. Computer network can be used to share files. For example, the education board can share the
date sheet file with all students. The students can access it over the internet. Q. What is video
conferencing?

Ans. Video conferencing is a popular method of communication. A video conference uses

computers. video cameras, microphones and networking technologies to conduct face to face
meetings over the Internet.

Q. How can a computer network help to increase storage capacity?

Ans. Computer network can be used to increase the storage capacity. The users do not need to
store everything on personal computer. They can store and access the files remotely on the
computer with higher storage capacity,

Q. Write two examples of remote storage service.

Ans. The popular services for remote storage are DropBox and Google Drive, Q.
Why server is more powerful than clients?

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

Ans. Server provides services to client computers. It performs more activities than clients such as
processing data, controlling access and sharing software etc. That is why the server is more
powerful than clients.

Q. What are different types of dedicated servers?

Ans. Different types of dedicated servers include file server, print server, database server and web
server. A dedicated server is used to perform a specific task. For example, file server is used to store
and manage files. Print server is used to manage printers and print jobs. Q. What is client?

Ans. The client is a computer in the network that i$ connected with a server to access different
resources. It sends request to the server for resources. The client is typically less powerful than
server.

Q. How do the client and server communicate with each other?

Ans. The client and server communicate with each other over network. The client sends request to
the server for resources. The server provides the requested resource to client. Q. What is a client
application?

Ans. A client application is the software that is used to send a request from client to server. It
provides an interface to transfer the request to the server. Web browser is an example client
application. Q. What is point-to-point connection?

Ans. A point-to-point connection refers to the direct link between a sender and a receiver. Both
devices are connected with one connection line. The connection between a TV and the remote
control is an example of point-to-point connection. Q. What is multipoint connection?

Ans. A multipoint connection refers to the link between one sender and multiple receivers. A single
link can be shared by more devices. Wi-Fi based network is an example of multipoint connection.
This connection is shared among multiple devices. Q. What is network topology?

Ans. A network can be arranged in different ways. The physical layout or arrangement of connected
devices in a network is coiled network topology. It is the shape of a network. Q. List different types
of network topologies?

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

Ans. Different network topologies include bus topology, ring topology, star topology, tree topology
and mesh topology.

Q. What is bus topology?

Ans. Bus topology is the simplest type of network. It supports a small number of computers. In bus
topology, all computers or network nodes are connected to a common communication medium.
This medium is known as bus or backbone.

Q. Why terminators are used in bus topology?

Ans. When the signal reaches the end of the wire, it bounces back and travel up to the wire.
Terminator is added at the ends of the central wire to prevent bouncing of signals. Q.
What happens if a bus topology has too many computers?

Ans. Bus topology typically supports a small number •of computers. The network of bus topology
becomes slower if it has too many computers in it. Q. Write any three advantage of bus
topology?

Ans. It is simple and easy to use. It requires small length of cable to connect computers. It is less
expensive.

Q. How does star topology work?

Ans. Al computers in star topology are connected with a central device called hub or switch. The
sending computer sends the data to central device. The central device sends data to the receiving
computer. Each computer in star network communicates with a central device, If Central device
fails, the whole network becomes useless.

Q. Give any three features of star topology.

Ans. Star topology is suitable both for small and large networks. It is easy to maintain and modify. it
is more flexible than other topologies.

Q. Why star topology is more reliable than bus or ring topology?

Ans. Star topology is more reliable than bus or ring topology. It allows the user to remove or add a
device without affecting the network. It is easier to troubleshoot than other topologies. If one
computer fails, it does not affect the other computers in the network. Q. What is ring topology?

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

Ans. In ring topology, each computer is connected to the next computer with the last one
connected to the first. A ring can be unidirectional or bidirectional. 'n a unidirectional ring, data can
be sent in one direction. In a bidirectional ring, data can travel in any direction, Q. What is mesh
topology?

Ans. In a mesh topology, every device in the network is physically connected to every other device
in the network. A message can be sent on different possible paths from source to destination. Mesh
topology provides improved performance and reliability. Q. What is data communication?

Ans. Data communication is the exchange of messages between sending and receiving devices
through a communication medium. The messages are the information that may be in the form of
text, numbers, images, audio and video
Q. List different components of data communication?

Ans. Different components of data communication system are sender, receiver, message, protocol
and transmission medium.

Q. What is sender in data communication?

Ans. Sender is a device that sends the message. it initiates communication process. It is also called
source or transmitter. A computer is normally used as sender in data communication, Q. What is
receiver in data communication?

Ans. Receiver is a device that receives the message: It is also called sink. The receiver must be
capable of accepting a message. The receiver can be Computer, printer or another computer
related device. Q. What is message in data communication?

Ans. The message is the data, information or instruction to be communicated. It may consist
of text, number, picture, audio, video or a combination of these. Q. What do you mean by
protocol?

Ans. A protocol is a set of rules that governs data communication. It is a formal agreement between
communication devices to send and receive information. The devices cannot communicate without
protocol.

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

Q. How is the sender and receiver connected in data communication?

Ans. Medium is the path that connects sender and receiver. It is used to transmit data. It is also
called communication channel.

Q. What are different types of transmission medium?

Ans. The transmission medium can be wired or wireless. The Wired transmission media are twisted
pair cable, coaxial cable and fiber optic cable. The wireless transmission media include radio waves,
microwaves and satellites etc.

Q. What are two pans of a message in data communication?

Ans. The message in data communication is sent in the form of packets. Each message consists of
two parts called payload and control information. Q. What is payload?

Ans. Payload is the actual contents of the message. Suppose a user writes an email message to a
friend. The content of the email message is the payload.

Q. What is the use of control information in data communication?

Ans. Control information contains the information about the sender and the receiver. The control
information is used to deliver the message to the receiver properly. The message cannot be
delivered if the information is wrong or missing. Q. What is TCP/IP model?

Ans. TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / internet Protocol. TCP/IP is a network model
that is used to transfer data from one computer to another over the Internet and other networks.
Q. List the five layers of the TCP/IP model.

Ans. The five layers of TCP/IP model are application layer, transport layer, network layer, data link
layer and physical layer,

Q. What is use of application layer in TCP/IP model?

Ans. The application layer provides an interface between network services and application
programs. Many protocols are used at this layer to perform various functions. These protocols form
the basics of various network services such as user login, file transfer, web surfing etc Q. What is
use of transport layer in TCP/IP model?

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

Ans. The transport layer provides the mechanism to transport data between network devices. It
controls the flow of data. It ensures that messages are delivered without any error. The transport
layer also provides the acknowledgement of successful data transmission. Q. List three protocols
used at application layer.

Ans. Three protocols used at application layer include FTP, HITP and SMTP. Q.
What is use of network layer in TCP/IP model?

Ans. The network layer manages the delivery of data from source to destination across different
networks. The network layer finds the best physical path for the data to reach its destination. Q.
Give an example of the protocol used at network layer.

Ans. An example of the protocol used at network layer is Internet Protocol (P). Q.
What is use of data link layer in TCP/IP model?

Ans. The data fink layer manages the transfer of data between the devices on the same network. It
also manages the flow and error control of data. It detects and retransmits faulty data. Q.45. Give
an example of the protocol used at data link layer.

Ans. An example of the protocol used at data link layer is Ethernet. Q.

What is use of physical layer in TCP/IP model?
Ans. The physical layer is the bottom layer of TCP/IP model. This layer is about the physical medium
used in communication like cabling. It defines the data transmission rate in terms of number of bits
sent per second.

Q. What is use of FTP?

Ans. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard TCP/IP protocol that is used to transfer files from one
computer to another. It is a client-server protocol where the client requests for a file and the server
provides it.

Q. What is use of HTTP?

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

Ans. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HIV) is a protocol that is used by World Wide Web (www) to
transfer webpages between a client and a web server. A web server is also known as HTTP server.
Q. What is use of SMTP?

Ans. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a protocol that is used to send and receive emails. It is
very popular protocol for email communication.

Q. What is use of address in data communication?

Ans. An address in data communication is used to uniquely identify a device on the network. It is
also known as IP address where IP stands for Internet Protocol. Different devices over a network
communicate with each other using their unique addresses. Q. List two types of IP addressing
schemes.

Ans. Two types of IP addressing schemes are IPv4 and IPv6. Q.

What are the size Of IPv4 and IPv6?

Ans. IPv4 is a 32-bits (232) in size. It provides approximately 4.3 billion addresses. IPv6 is a 128- bits
(2128) in size. It provides approximately 3.4x1038 IP addresses. Q. What is IPv4?

Ans. IPv4 is a 32-bits (232) in size. The 32 bits are divided into four parts known as octet. One octet is
equal to 8 bits. The four octets are separated by dot. Each octet in the IP address is written in
decimal format. Each octet can contain a decimal value from O to 255. Q. Give an example of IPv4
IP address.

Ans. An example of an IPv4 address is 10.10.20.1. Q.

What is IPv6?

Ans. IPv6 is a 128-bits (2128) in size. It provides a large number of IP addresses (2 128). It is 7.9 x 1028
times more than the number of addresses in IPv4. IPv6 is written in hexadecimal. It has eight groups
separated by colon (:). Each group has four hexadecimal digits.
Q. Why is IPv6 needed?

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

Ans. Many devices are connecting to the Internet. It was a concern that IPv4 may not be enough for
all these devices. IPv6 was introduced as a solution for expanding the possible number of users on
the Internet.

Q. Give an example of IPv6 IP address?

Ans. An example of IPv6 address is 2DAB: FFFF: 0000:3EAE: 01AA:00FF: DD72:2C4A Q.

Differentiate between IPv4 and IPv6.

Ans. IPv4 is a 32-bits (2128) in size but IPv6 is a 128-bits (2128) in size. IPv4 provides approximately 4.3
billion addresses whereas IPv6 provides approximately 3.4 x 10 38 addresses. IPv4 is divided into four
groups separated with dot. IPv6 is divided into eight groups separated with colon. Q. What is a
router?

Ans. Router is a networking device that connects multiple networks. It can transmit data from one
network to another network in less time. It manages the best route between any two
communication networks. It can be used on a network of any size. Q. How does a router forward a
packet?

Ans. A router analyses the destination IP address of the incoming data packet. It determines the
best route to forward the packet. It then sends the packet to that route. A router is usually placed
at the meeting point of two or more networks.

Q. How does routing process work in networking?

Ans. Routing is a process of transferring data from the device on one network to the device on
another network. Every packet has two addresses. The source address identifies the device that
sends data. The destination address identifies the device that receives data.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. A collection of computers connected together to share resources and information is called:

a. Computer sharing b. Computer network

c. Computer group d. Computer linking

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

2. The minimum number of computers is in a computer network is:

a. Two b. Three c. Four d. Many

3. Computer networks allow users to share:

a. Hardware b. Software c. Information d. All

4. Which of the following computer share resources on a network for others to use?

a. Client b. Server c. Notebook d. Laptop

5. --------------- is a dedicated to run services for the needs of its clients in a network.

a. Server b, Client c. Router d. Switch

6. Many networks include a central computer called:

a. Server b. Modem c. Switch d. Client

7. A ---------------- connection provides a dedicated link between two devices.

a. Point-to-point b. Multipoint c. Secondary d. Primary

8. In a ----------------- connection, more than two devices can share a single link.

a. Point-to-point b. MultiPoint c. Secondary d. Primary

9. A collection of millions of computers connected to one another is called:

a. Browser b. Internet c. Intranet d. Web

1 0. What is used to identify each computer and its location over the Internet? a.
Architecture b. Manufacturer c. IP address d. All

11. Every computer on the Internet has a(n):

a. Similar IP address b. Unique 15-digit number

c. Unique IP address d. Common name and number
12. Which software is used to view web pages?

a. Windows b. Web server c. Web browser d. Spyware

13. A collection of related web pages is called:
a. Web-link b. Website c. Internet d. Linking
14. URL stands for:

a. Universal Research Limit b. United Russian Language

c. Universal Resource Locator d. Uniform Resource Locator

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

15. A web browser looks for the Uniform Resource Locator that is the Website's:

a. Code b. File extension c. Address d. Protocol

16. The representation of a relationship among connected devices in a network is called:

a. Topology b. Data flow c. Relationship d. Link

17. Which of the following is not a network topology?

a. Bus b. Band c. Star d. Ring

18. Which of the following is the most common network topology?

a. Bus b. Band c. Star d. Ring

19. Which topology requires a central device such as switch or hub?

a. Star b. Ring c. Band d. Bud

20. in a star topology with six computers, we need ------------ links.

21. Topology that is used for a small number of computers is called:

a. 1 b. 5 c. 6 d. None
22. Which of the following topology is expensive and difficult to install?

a. Bus b. Ring c. Mesh d. Star

23. Terminators are used in --------------- topology.

a. Bus b. Ring c. Mesh d. Star

24. The entire network goes down in topology if the backbone cable fails.

a. Bus b. Star c. Mesh d. Ring

25. The message on network can take any of many possible paths from source to destination.

a. Bus b. Star c. Mesh d. Band

26. ---------------- refers to exchange of messages between sending and receiving devices through
communication medium.

a. Data processing b. Data communication

c. Data sequencing d. Data sender
27. The information to be communicated in a data communications system is

a. Protocol b. Message c. Transmission d. Medium

28. A ------------ is a set of rules that governs data communication.

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

a. Protocol b. Message c. Domain d. Packet

29. The ------------ is the physical path over which a message travel.

a. Protocol b. Signal c. Forum d. Medium

30. All of the following are elements of data communication system EXCEPT:

a. Sender b. Medium c. Receiver d. Voltage

31. Which of the following is not a transmission media?
a. Copper wire b. Fiber optic c. Microwave d. Modem
32. ------------ is the protocol suite for the Internet.
a. TCP/IP b. UNIX c. ACM d. NCP
33. The TCP/IP protocol suite consists of ------------ layers.
a. 2 b. 3 c. 5 d. 7
34. ---------- layer is responsible for delivery of a message from one process to another.
a. Transport b. Application c. Netnork d. Physical
35. ------------- layer is the layer closest to the transmission medium.

a. Transport b. Physical c. Network d. Data link

36. Mail services are available to network users through the -------------- layer.

a. Transport b. Physical c. Application d. Data link

37. The --------- layer lies between the network layer and the application layer.

a. Transport b. Physical c. Data link d. None

38. A ------------- is a unit of data sent from one device to another on the Network.

a. Packet b. Link c. Medium d. Protocol

39. How many standards of IP addressing are available?
a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8
40. 172.16.54.1 is an example of a(n) -----------------.
a. Protocol b. Domain name c. DNS d. IP address
41. An IPv4 address consists of:

a. Five numbers (0-99) b. Four numbers (0 to 255)

c. Four numbers (0-256) d. Five numbers (0-255)
42. An IPv4 address is normally expressed as four octets separated with:

a. Dotted decimal number b. Doffed binary number

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

c. Dotted octal number d. Dotted hex number

43. IPv4 address is --------------- bits long.

a. 8 b. 16 c. 32 d. 128
44. IPv6 has --------------- bit addresses.
a. 16 b. 32 c. 64 d. 128
45. An IPv6 address can have up to -------------- colons.
a. 4 b. 6 c. 7 d. 8
46. The IPv6 addresses use to make it more readable.
a. Colon b. Decimal c. Dot d. Dash
47. In IPv6, a 128-bit address is divided into -------------- groups separated by colon.

a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8
48. An IPv6 address can have up to ------------ hexadecimal digits.

a. 8 b. 16 c. 32 d. None
49. Each IP packet must contain:
a. Only source address b. Only destination address
c. Source and destination address d. Source or destination address
50. The most widely used protocol for sending & receiving e-mail is:

a. HTTP b. TCP/IP c. SMTP d. NCP

51. FTP facility is used to:

a. Transfer Protocol b. Transfer File

c. Connect to the Internet d. Self-check computer
52. A computer used to store information for users on the Internet is called:

a. Web Server b. Web Client 53. c. Web application d. Domain

SMTP stands for:
a. Short mail transmission protocol b. Small mail transmission protocol
c. Server mail transfer protocol d. Simple mail transfer protocol
54. The letter 's' in https stands for ------------------.

a. Sponsored b. Secure c. System d. Service

55. Which of the following is a protocol?
a. http b. com c. HTML d. URL

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

56. Which of the following protocol is used by World Wide Web to transfer webpages from a
client to server?

a. http b. FTP c. SMTP d. URL

57. ----------------- IP address is a type of IP address that remains the same every time the device is
connected to the Internet.

a. Stationary b. Permanent c. Static d. Fixed

58. IP address is a type of IP address that is assigned each time the device is connected to the
Internet.

a. Dynamic b. Static c. Assigned d. Transition

59. Webpages are stored on:
a. Server b. Client c. Domain d. Router
60. HTTP stands for:
a. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol b. HyperTerminal Transfer Protocol
c. Hyper Text Terminal Protocol d. HyperTerminal Text Protocol
61. ------------ is the process of taking data from one device and sending it to another device on
different network:
a. Routing b. Packets c. URL d. HTML
62. Network of networks is called:
a. Internet b. Intranet
c. Personal Area Network d. Extranet
63. When a router needs to send a packet to another network, it must know:

a. Medium b. Path flow c. IP Address d. Datagram

64. Which device on a network performs network address translation?

a. Repeater b. Router c. Splitter d. Hub

65. Routing tables of a router stores:

a. MAC Address Assignments b. Routes to use for forwarding data to its destination
c. Port Assignments to network devices d. None
66. A is a device that connects two or more networks together.

a. Repeater b. Router c. Hub d. Bridge

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9th Computer Science Chapter No. 3

Answers

1-b 2-a 3-d 4-b 5-a 6-a 7-a 8-b 9-b 10-c
11-c 12-c 13-b 14-d 15-c 16-a 17-b 18-c 19-a 20-c
21-b 22-c 23-a 24-a 25-c 26-b 27-b 28-a 29-d 30-d
31-d 32-a 33-c 34-a 35-b 36-c 37-a 38-a 39-a 40-d
41-b 42-a 43-c 44-d 45-c 46-a 47-d 48-c 49-c 50-c
51-b 52-a 53-d 54-d 55-b 56-a 57-c 58-a 59-a 60-a
61-a 62-a 63-c 64-b 65-b 66-b

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