1: What is the difference Between Combinational and Sequential Logic.

Combinational Logic are defined as the time independent Logic which do not
depends upon previous inputs to generate any output are termed as combinational
circuits. Sequential logic is those which are dependent on clock cycles and depends
on present as well as past inputs to generate any output.
Combinational Logic Circuits Sequential Logic Circuits
Output is a function of the Output is a function of clock,
present inputs (Time present inputs and the previous
Independent Logic). states of the system.
Do not have the ability to store Have memory to store the present
data (state). states that is sent as control input
(enable) for the next operation.
It does not require any feedback. It involves feedback from output
It simply outputs the input to input that is stored in the
according to the logic designed. memory for the next operation.
Used mainly for Arithmetic and Used for storing data (and hence
Boolean operations. used in RAM).
Logic gates are the elementary Flip flops (binary storage device)
building blocks. are the elementary building unit.
Independent of clock and hence Clocked (Triggered for operation
does not require triggering to with electronic pulses).
operate.
Example: Adder [1+0=1; Example: Counter [Previous O/P
Dependency only on present +1=Current O/P; Dependency on
inputs i.e., 1 and 0]. present input as well as previous
state].

2: How to convert Decimal to Binary

An easy method of converting decimal to binary number equivalents is to write
down the decimal number and to continually divide-by-2 (two) to give a result and
a remainder of either a “1” or a “0” until the final result equals zero.
So, for example.  Convert the decimal number 29410 into its binary number
equivalent.

Number 294   Dividing each decimal number

by “2” as shown will give a
divide by 2 result plus a remainder.
If the decimal number being
remainde divided is even then the result
result 147 0  (LSB) will be whole and the
r
remainder will be equal to “0”.
If the decimal number is odd
divide by 2
then the result will not divide
completely and the remainder
remainde will be a “1”.
result 73 1
r
The binary result is obtained by
placing all the remainders in
divide by 2
order with the least significant
bit (LSB) being at the top and
remainde the most significant bit (MSB)
result 36 1
r being at the bottom.

divide by 2

remainde
result 18 0
r

divide by 2

remainde
result 9 0
r

divide by 2

result 4 remainde 1
 r

divide by 2

remainde
result 2 0
r

divide by 2

remainde
result 1 0
r

divide by 2

remainde
result 0 1 (MSB)
r

 
This divide-by-2 decimal to binary conversion technique gives the decimal
number 29410 an equivalent of 1001001102 in binary, reading from right to left.
This divide-by-2 method will also work for conversion to other number bases.

3: What are Pic Microcontrollers

PIC microcontrollers (Programmable Interface Controllers), are electronic circuits
that can be programmed to carry out a vast range of tasks. They can be
programmed to be timers or to control a production line and much more. They are
found in most electronic devices such as alarm systems, computer control systems,
phones. The PIC microcontroller contains a processor, memory and input/output
ports, and the program is stored in flash ROM memory in numbered locations.
4: Timer of Microcontrollers
A timer is a specialized type of clock which is used to measure time intervals. A
timer that counts from zero upwards for measuring time elapsed is often called
a stopwatch. It is a device that counts down from a specified time interval and used
to generate a time delay, for example, an hourglass is a timer. Timers are specified
by the number of bits their counters are comprised of.  Timers are typically 8, 16 or
32 bits, making it easy to read and write them using standard 8-, 16- or 32-bit
variables. 

5: Convert from decimal to binary

128 to binary
255 to binary

D)1023 to binary
E) 120 to binary

F) Convert 32000 to Binary

(32000)10 = (0111110100000000)2
G) (160)10 = (10100000)2
H) (250)10 = (11111010)2
6) Convert Binary to decimal numbers
A) 1111
1*23 + 1*22 + 1*21 + 1*20 =15
B) 0110)2 = 0*23 + 1*22 + 1*21 + 0*20=6
C) 11110000)2 =1*27 + 1*26 + 1*25 + 1*24 +0*23 + 0*22 + 0*21 + 0*20=240
D) 00001111)2=1111)2=15
E) 10101010)2=1*27 + 0*26 + 1*25 + 0*24 +1*23 + 0*22 + 1*21 + 0*20=170
F) 10000000)2=1*27 + 0*26 + 0*25 + 0*24 +0*23 + 0*22 + 0*21 + 0*20=128