Keli̇me Çalişmalari Ve Paragraf

KELİME ÇALIŞMALARI
Alıştırma1: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.
The place where you grow up shapes your view of what the world is like. It is difficult to __(1)__ the
advantages that are __(2)__ your own doorstep. If you are brought up in a small, provincial town, you are
likely to find the idea of living in a major city __(3)__. You think of all the amenities that __(4)__ be around
you, the leisure activities you could take part in and the opportunities you would have. You __(5)__ to ignore
the drawbacks of life in a city __(6)__ the frightening crime rate, the need __(7)__ long distances __(8)__
one side of the city to the other, and the __(9)__ higher cost of living. If you live in a small village in the
countryside, you are surrounded by beautiful scenery but there is little for young people to do. There is a
serious problem with __(10)__ of transport, particularly in the evenings, __(11)__ makes it difficult to have a
good social life. In small communities, you know everyone and everyone knows you. People gossip about
everything you do.
1) A) render 5) A) would have chosen

B) appreciate B) might choose
C) issue C) could have chosen
D) drain D) had better choose
E) yield E) will choose
2) A) for 6) A) unlike
B) to B) as
C) at C) such as
D) on D) even
E) in E) rather than
3) A) relentless 7) A) travelling
B) repentant B) travel
C) disloyal C) to travel
D) vivid D) travelled
E) attractive E) to be travelled
4) A) would 8) A) from
B) will B) on
C) may C) to
D) have to D) into
E) must E) onto
9) A) fairly 11) A) that
B) more B) which
C) quite C) when
D) pretty D) where
E) much E) who
10) A) abundance
B) plenty
C) lack
D) respect
E) aspect
Alıştırma 1 1) B 3) E 5) B 7) C 9) E 11) B
2) C 4) A 6) C 8) A 10) C
Alıştırma 2: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.
Getting a job is not an easy business. First there is the difficulty __(1)__ deciding what you want to do and
getting the right __(2)__ and training. Then you have to find out __(3)__ there is a vacancy, and apply for a
particular post. Some people look at advertisements in a newspaper whereas __(4)__ use an employment
agency. There is usually an application form __(5)__ with all the details about your previous experience.
The company selects the applicants it is interested __(6)__ and invites them to attend an interview. This is
often a stressful experience, not least __(7)__ most people have to find something __(8)__ to wear, and
then get very anxious about what sort of questions they should ask and what kind of image they should
present. You are more likely to make a good impression __(9)__ the interview if you have found out
something about the organization you want to work __(10)__. Most applicants for jobs want to know about
the working conditions, the prospects of promotion and the salary. Unsuccessful applicants are usually
notified by post and then their search for a job starts all over again.
1) A) – 3) A) where
B) for B) the fact that
C) in C) which
D) at D) in which
E) on E) whose
2) A) traits 4) A) the others

B) characteristics B) another
C) notifications C) each other
D) qualifications D) one other
E) invitations E) others
5) A) completing 8) A) suitable
B) to have completed B) suit
C) to complete C) suitability
D) completes D) suiting
E) having been completed E) suited
6) A) at 9) A) on
B) for B) at
C) in C) for
D) from D) with
E) upon E) in
7) A) therefore 10) A) from

B) thus B) about
C) thanks to C) above
D) because D) for
E) due to E) beneath
Alıştırma 2 1) A 3) A 5) C 7) D 9) A
2) D 4) E 6) C 8) A 10) C
The dream of swimming must be interpreted by using all the aspects of your dream to judge the ___(1)___
of the good or bad signified by swimming. If you dream you are swimming in the ocean coming toward
shore, you will have good fortune in business and financial ___(2)___ through your hard work. To be
swimming in a pool shows that you will be unlucky in love and if you see females swimming in the pool you
will have luck with love, to see males you will have luck in business, and if you see ___(3)___ you will
experience both types of luck. If you are teaching someone ____(4)___ you will soon have an increase
___(5)___ good fortune.
1) A) extent 2) A) tasks
B) number B) affections
C) quantity C) affairs
D) amount D) effects
E) deal E) affinities
3) A) every 5) A) due to
B) a lot B) in order to
C) any C) in addition to
D) much D) so as to
E) both E) therefore
4) A) swimming
B) to be swum
C) being swimming
D) to swim
E) having swum
Alıştırma 3 1) A 2) C 3) E 4) D 5) C
Alıştırma 4: Aşağıdaki parçada koyu bir şekilde verilen kelimelerden uygun olanı seçiniz ve arkasından
aşağıdaki soruları cevaplayınız.
Sulawesi is in/of great scientific interest as it forms/is formed part of a zoogeographical zone known as
Wallacea. The region marks the boundary between Oriental fauna and distinctive Australasian animals such
as marsupials. The new find is thought to belong to a group of small, mainly insectivorous birds called white
eyes, which are related to warblers. As well as/in addition the characteristic white ring around the eye, they
usually have green plumage with white, yellow or greyish under-parts. The mystery bird was first spotted in
scrubland along to/with lemon-bellied white eyes. Marples says the species it most closely resembles is the
pale-bellied white eye, though/despite there are some striking differences.
1) The underlined word “marks” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.

A) explains B) denotes C) signifies D) identifies E) judges
2) The underlined word “spotted” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.

A) reworded B) vanished C) strived D) appointed E) noticed
3) The underlined word “striking” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.

A) instinctive B) impressive C) spacious D) cautious E) meticulous
Alıştırma 4
1) B / OF / FORMS / AS WELL AS / WITH / THOUGH
2) E
3) B
Non-fiction novel is the story of __(1)__ people and actual events told with the dramatic techniques of a
novel. The American writer Truman Capote claimed __(2)__ this genre with his book In ColdBlood. A true
story of the brutal murder of a Kansas farm family, the book __(3)__ on six years of exacting research and
interviews with neighbours and friends of the victims and the two captured murderers. The story is told from
the points of view of different “characters,” and the author attempts __(4)__ his own comments or distort
fact. Critics pointed out earlier precedents for this type of journalistic novel, such as John Hersey's
Hiroshima, an __(5)__ of the World War II atomic bombing of the Japanese city told through the histories of
six survivors.
1) A) factual 5) A) comprehension
B) imaginary B) account
C) imaginative C) heralding
D) inventive D) dedication
E) mandatory E) disturbance
2) A) inventing 6) The underlined word in the passage is

B) to invent closest in meaning to __________.
C) invented
D) invents A) spoiling
E) to have invented B) obtaining
C) drawing
3) A) based D) rising
B) basing E) arising
C) was based
D) has based
E) had based
4) A) to intrude
B) not to intrude
C) to have intruded
D) not to have intruded
E) intruding
Alıştırma 5 1) A 2) E 3) C 4) A 5) B 6) B
Marilyn Monroe was born in Los Angeles in 1926. Her real name was Norma Jean Parker. After an unhappy
childhood, __(1)__ was spent largely in foster homes, she became a model and started to get small parts in
films. __(2)__ her potential, the film studio __(3)__ she worked for launched a big publicity campaign, as a
result __(4)__ she got better parts. __(5)__ her best films are “Bus Stop” and “Some like it hot”. Although
she wished __(6)__ seriously as an actress and studied at Lee Strasberg’s Actors’ Studio in New York, she
__(7)__ famous as a “dumb blonde”. __(8)__ at the height of her fame, she married the playwright, Arthur
Miller in 1956, but this, __(9)__ her two previous marriages, ended in divorce. She died in mysterious
circumstances in 1961.
1) A) which 6) A) she were taking

B) that B) taking
C) where C) to be taken
D) when D) taken
E) for which E) to have taken
2) A) Realised 7) A) claimed
B) Having been realised B) drained
C) Realising C) remained
D) To have realised D) maintained
E) To be realised E) sustained
3) A) where 8) A) During
B) when B) For
C) for which C) If
D) in that D) While
E) ---- E) Whereas
4) A) for which
B) at which 9) A) such
C) where B) as
D) of which C) even
E) when D) like
E) as if
5) A) At
B) Among
C) With
D) About
E) For
Alıştırma 6 2) C 4) D 6) C 8) D
1) A 3) E 5) B 7) C 9) D
Alıştırma 7: Aşağıdaki parçada koyu bir şekilde verilen kelimelerden uygun olanı seçiniz ve arkasından
aşağıdaki soruları cevaplayınız.
The Babylonian civilization, which/where endured from the 18th until the 6th century BC, was, like the
Sumerian that preceded it, urban in/for character, although based on agriculture other than/rather than
industry. The country consisted of a dozen or so cities, surrounded by villages and hamlets. At/On the head
of the political structure was the king, a more or less absolute monarch who exercised legislative and
judicial as well as executive powers. Under him was a group of appointed governors and administrators.
Mayors and councils of city elders were in charge of/with local administration. The Babylonians modified
and transformed their Sumerian heritage in accordance for/with their own culture and ethos. The resulting
way of life proved to be so/as effective that it underwent candidly/relatively little change for some 1200
years. It exerted influence on/at all the neighbouring countries, especially the kingdom of Assyria, which
adopted Babylonian culture almost in its entirety/entirely. Fortunately, many written documents from this
period have been excavated and made available to scholars. One of the most important is the remarkable
collection of laws often designated as the Code of Hammurabi, which, together with other documents and
letters belonging for/to different periods, provides a comprehensive picture of Babylonian social structure
and economic organization.
1) Find the word that is closest in meaning to “or so” from the passage above ____________
2) The underlined word in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.
A) hectic B) tedious C) refutable D) utter E) momentary
3) One can understand from the passage that the Sumerian civilization ____________.
A) was different from the Babylonian civilization in that it featured urban characteristics
B) came after the Babylonian civilization into sovereignty
C) succeeded the Babylonian civilization when it lost all its possession as the owner of all agriculture
D) consists of approximately twelve cities
E) shows similar features in terms of city with the Babylonian civilization and it was prior.
Alıştırma 7
1) SOME
2) D
3) D
WHICH / IN / RATHER THAN / AT / OF / WITH / SO / RELATIVEY / ON / ENTIRETY / TO
After the __(1)__ of America, traders began to look for westward routes from Europe to Asia. Some people
thought that it __(2)__ possible to sail around the top of North America. They believed that there was a sea
route, __(3)__ they called the Northwest Passage. A brave attempt __(4)__ the Northwest Passage was
made in 1610 by an English navigator, Henry Hudson but this trial __(5)__ in failure.
1) A) invention B) discovery C) process D) maintenance E) solitude
2) A) should be B) will be C) had been D) will have been E) is
3) A) that B) what C) where D) which E) when
4) A) to have found B) to be found C) finding D) to finding E) to find
5) A) insulted B) attained C) deserved D) occurred E) resulted
Alıştırma 8 1) B 2) A 3) D 4) E 5) E
The suffix __(1)__ “please” is an “e”. Does that surprise you? It did me. But if you look at the word “pleas-
ure”, it __(2)__ sense, since removing its suffix leaves the same root __(3)__ in “pleas-e”. Actually, John
Hough, in Scientific Terminology, points out roots rarely exist alone. They __(4)__ precede suffixes. The
same is true of Greek and Latin, even if, when borrowing, we sometimes drop the suffix. Thus, the word
“cell” in English is really the Latin “cella”, from which we __(5)__ the “a” suffix.
1) A) on B) from C) along D) across E) throughout
2) A) takes B) sets C) makes D) does E) lives
3) A) like B) such C) once D) so E) as
4) A) scarcely B) seldom C) hardly D) always E) usually
5) A) have dropped B) had dropped C) were dropped D) has dropped E) have been dropped
Alıştırma 9 1) A 2) C 3) E 4) E 5) A
Fire-alarm systems came into ___(1)____ with the invention of the telegraph. Today many communities are
served either with the telegraph-alarm system ___(2)____ with telephone call boxes. Most fires, however,
are reported from private telephones. Many large cities have removed all or many of their street alarm
boxes ___(3)____ problems associated with maintenance and with false alarm transmissions. Some boxes
have been replaced with telephones. All alarms are then transmitted to the fire stations. In large cities,
alarms are received ___(4)____ a central dispatch office and then transmitted to fire stations, ___(5)____
with the use of computers.
1) A) account B) reality C) appearance D) existence E) form
2) A) nor B) also C) so D) or E) too
3) A) besides B) now that C) in that D) in order to E) because of
4) A) for B) at C) in D) on E) from
5) A) vaguely B) obscurely C) frequently D) miserably E) considerately
Alıştırma 10 1) D 2) D 3) E 4) B 5) B
The 19th century ___(1)___ to as the "age of isms", characterizing the many different isms that ___(2)___
in this period. No other century could boast the massive social changes that took place in the 1800's. While
the 20th century was the century of politics and science, the 19th was the century of society. For the first
time, the rights of the workers and ___(3)___ man were being questioned. Rarely in previous times did such
a massive movement across Europe, into the Americas, and even parts of Asia occur. 1848 alone felt the
___(4)___ of the new ideas as European cities from Paris to Vienna were in uprising. The 19th century was
a ___(5)___ from old to new, the old monarchies and feudal systems to the new capitalist world.
1) A) has referred B) referred C) has been referred D) referring E) was referring
2) A) processed B) comforted C) reacted D) nourished E) developed
3) A) common B) literal C) absolute D) entire E) tremendous
4) A) effects B) affects C) elections D) denials E) affinities

5) A) example B) instance C) contrast D) struggle E) issue
Alıştırma 11 1) C 2) E 3) B 4) A 5) C
Managers often have desks that are ___(1)___ empty! These empty desks can show that the manager
often travels and is out of the office most of the time. An empty desk can also ___(2)___ how powerful the
manager is by its representative status. Sometimes, in the USA, you can see footmarks on the desk
because some managers like to put their feet up on the desk when they are talking on the telephone! In the
States, managers put their feet up on the desk to show that they are in ___(3)___ in their office. Managers
usually have a laptop computer on their desk. In fact, this laptop computer is their true desk. These days,
most managers do ___(4)___ all their work on their laptops. Another thing you might find is a cell phone -
another sign of the mobility most managers ___(5)___.
1) A) sparsely B) surprisingly C) rarely D) scarcely E) literally
2) A) compete B) worship C) perpetrate D) demonstrate E) speculate
3) A) control B) extent C) key D) implication E) circulation
4) A) scarcely B) barely C) almost D) none E) widely
5) A) congratulate B) demand C) differ D) range E) interact
Alıştırma 12 1) B 2) D 3) A 4) C 5) B
Alıştırma 13: Aşağıdaki boşlukları uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız ve arkasından gelen soruları
cevaplayınız.
Magic: The Most Ancient Science On Earth

___(1)___ every one of us has expressed some sort of an interest towards magic ___(2)___ once in his/her
lifetime. This is the most ancient science on earth; or perhaps, this is a sacred knowledge that enables us to
___(3)___ control over animals, plants, nature in general. It may also be a mere fantasy, an enchanting
fairytale for grownups who still want to believe ___(4)___ magic. Greek word "mageia" ___(5)___ to
witchcraft, sorcery. Greek word "magos" ___(6)___ originates from the word "mod", meaning "priest"; the
same root in Chaldean means "mighty", "all-knowing".
1) A) Practically 7) The underlined word in the passage is
B) Uniquely closest in meaning to ________.
C) Eventually
D) Merely A) horrible
E) Tremendously B) terrific
C) disgusting
2) A) at large D) particular
B) at the extreme E) pleasant
C) at least
D) at all cost 8) According to the writer of the passage, the
E) at hand main reason why people have long got
interested in magic is that ___________.
3) A) win
B) earn A) it helps people solve the mystery of every
C) retard natural phenomena
D) gain B) it provides control over the nature with the
E) retrieve help of knowledge related to god
C) it includes superstitious powers that
4) A) on enable people to gain control over
B) for everybody
C) at D) it provides them with extensive knowledge
D) from about the history of human being
E) in E) it helps people to change every negative
event into positive one
5) A) leads
B) refers
C) contributes
D) confronts
E) confirms
6) A) in turn
B) in person
C) in ruins
D) in disguise
E) in dispute
Alıştırma 13 1) A 3) D 5) B 7) E
2) C 4) E 6) A 8) B
Alıştırma 14: Aşağıdaki parçadaki boşlukları uygun seçeneklerle tamamlayınız.
Before you have your operation, the nurses and doctors will explain to you what will happen after the
__(1)__ is finished and __(2)__ experiences you should expect. They will also __(3)__ any special
requirements that you may have and anything unique to your operation. You may feel some amount of
discomfort for a short time after your operation. You will usually __(4)__ pain relief such as paracetamol or
codeine tablets to __(5)__ ease your discomfort. Stronger drugs __(6)__ morphine may be given if
necessary. Some hospitals provide PCA (patient controlled analgesia) which is a method of allowing you
__(7)__ the amount of painkiller you receive. During the operation you are connected to a PCA pump,
__(8)__ delivers pain-relieving drugs down a length of tubing that is connected to an intravenous drip in
your arm. After the operation, you can increase the amount of pain __(9)__ by pressing a button on the
PCA pump. The pump is fitted __(10)__ a device that prevents you __(11)__ accidentally over-dosing by
limiting the amount of drugs __(12)__ within a certain time. If you need antibiotics, fluids or other drugs, you
may be given an intravenous drip. This is a tube that is inserted __(13)__ a vein, usually in your hand or
arm. The tube gradually releases the drugs or fluids into your body. You may also be given a drain, to
remove any blood and fluid that __(14)__ around the wound.
1) A) progress 5) A) assist
B) procedure B) enable
C) advancement C) let
D) development D) help
E) process E) provide
2) A) in which 6) A) as
B) when B) rather
C) whose C) such as
D) of which D) other than
E) what E) apart from
3) A) go through 7) A) controlling
B) set out B) to control
C) get through C) in controlling
D) come down D) to be controlled
E) make for E) controlled
4) A) be given 8) A) that
B) give B) which
C) have given C) for which
D) be giving D) when
E) have been given E) where
9) A) revealing 12) A) revealed
B) effort B) released
C) tranquilizer C) relieved
D) modification D) receded
E) relief E) retained
10) A) into 13) A) for

B) up B) onto
C) on C) under
D) from D) into
E) with E) above
11) A) from 14) A) accumulates

B) against B) replaces
C) on C) attains
D) at D) attends
E) for E) incurs
Alıştırma 14 1) E 3) A 5) D 7) B 9) E 11) A 13) D

2) E 4) A 6) C 8) B 10) A 12) B 14) A
Dionysus is in Greek religion and mythology, the god of fertility and wine. Legends ____(1)____ him are
profuse and contradictory. ____(2)____, he was one of the most important gods of the Greeks and was
associated ____(3)____ various religious cults. He was probably ____(4)____ origin a Thracian deity.
According to the Orphic legend, he was Dionysus Zagreus, the son of Zeus and Persephone; in other
legends he was the son of Zeus and Semele and ____(5)____ by the nymphs on Mt. Nysa, where he
invented the art of wine making. ____(6)____ to manhood, Dionysus wandered through many lands,
____(7)____ men the culture of the vine and the mysteries of his cult. He was followed by an entourage of
satyrs, sileni, maenads, and nymphs. Many festivals were held in honour ____(8)____ Dionysus; most
famous were the Lesser or Rural Dionysia (in late December), the Greater or City Dionysia (in late spring),
the Anthesteria (in early spring), and the Lenaea (in winter). His characteristic worship was ecstatic and
women were ____(9)____ involved. Votaries, through music, dancing, and drinking, and through eating
flesh and blood of sacrificial animals, attempted to merge their ____(10)____ with nature. Later, however,
the worship of Dionysus became more formalized and calm. It was believed that ____(11)____ could he
liberate and inspire man through wine and ecstatic frenzy, but he could endow him directly with divine
creativity. Dionysus ____(12)____ came to be considered a patron of the arts. He was ____(13)____
represented as a full-grown bearded man, as a beast, and as a delicate, effeminate youth. The Romans
identified him with Liber and with Bacchus, who was more properly the god of wine. From the music,
singing, and dancing at the festivals of Dionysus ____(14)____ the dithyramb and ultimately Greek drama.
1) A) concerned 7) A) to teach
B) to concern B) taught
C) concerning C) being taught
D) being concerned D) to be taught
E) to be concerned E) teaching
2) A) However 8) A) for
B) Although B) of
C) Contrary to C) with
D) Thus D) on
E) For that reason E) in
3) A) with 9) A) scarcely
B) for B) vehemently
C) at C) prominently
D) in D) identically
E) from E) fearfully
4) A) for 10) A) possessions

B) at B) identities
C) with C) features
D) under D) properties
E) in E) tasks
5) A) reared 11) A) not only

B) was reared B) only if
C) was rearing C) both
D) would be reared D) also
E) were reared E) only after
6) A) To grow 12) A) thus

B) Grew B) when
C) Grown C) what’s more
D) To have grown D) consecutively
E) Having been grown E) by contrast
13) A) radiantly
B) incessantly
C) alternatively
D) variously
E) literally
14) A) developing
B) was developed
C) developed
D) is developing
E) has developed
Alıştırma 15 1) C 3) A 5) B 7) E 9) C 11) A 13) D

2) A 4) E 6) C 8) B 10) C 12) A
Dolphins recognize themselves in mirrors – one of the few mammals __(1)__ humans that have the ability
to do so, according to a new study published recently. The study found that dolphins __(2)__ can
recognize themselves in a mirror but also can notice changes in their appearance. __(3)__ this research,
only higher primates, such as humans and chimpanzees, had demonstrated self-recognition in mirrors.
Diana Reiss of the Osborn Laboratory of Marine Sciences at the New York Aquarium conducted the study
involving two bottlenose dolphins from the New York Aquarium. The scientists first marked the dolphins
with "sham" marks, and then exposed them __(4)__ a mirror. After several repetitions, the scientists put
temporary black ink on parts of the dolphins' bodies, __(5)__ the animals could see only in a mirror. In
each of the trials, the dolphins went to the mirror __(6)__ examine the areas the scientists had marked.
Reiss said “their findings provide definitive evidence that the two dolphins in this study used the mirror to
investigate the parts of their body that were marked."
1) A) rather than 3) A) After

B) other than B) In the aftermath of
C) but for C) Prior to
D) as a means of D) Thanks to
E) by means of E) In the wake of
2) A) both 4) A) to
B) neither B) for
C) either C) in
D) not only D) at
E) as if E) from
5) A) that 9) The writer of the passage points out in the
B) when passage that in all of the trials, the study
C) in which _______.
D) which
E) what A) proved that humans and monkeys can
merely recognize their appearances in
6) A) in order to mirrors
B) in addition to B) explains the reason why dolphins can easily
C) besides notice the changes in their bodies
D) for C) refuted the claim that dolphins are the only
E) therefore mammals that recognize self-recognition in
mirrors
7) The underlined word in the passage is closest D) demonstrated that the dolphins can point to
in meaning to ___________. the parts of their body marked by the
scientists
A) confirmation E) draws attention to the features of all the
B) suggestion primates
C) collision
D) posture Alıştırma 16: 1-B 2-D 3-C 4-A 5-D 6-A 7- A 8-C
E) deception 9-D
8) One can understand from the passage that

Dolphins ________________.
A) are the only mammals that

identify themselves in mirrors apart from
humans
B) are distinguished from other
mammals in that they can recognize
themselves in mirrors
C) take the place in the minority of
mammals that recognize themselves in
mirrors when we exclude humans
D) are entirely similar to humans in
terms of their features
E) have the talent to recognize
themselves in mirrors, which was found by
Diana Reiss for the first time
It __(1)__ the standard of care in our paediatric facility to keep patients on strict bed rest __(2)__ the neck
in hyperextension for 5 days after the muscle tightening in neck appears. Multiple methods have been used
to help maintain neck immobility for this difficulty. It has been challenging to maintain strict bed rest
protocols, __(3)__ decreased compliance and boredom. To address this issue, we examined common
sedentary various activities __(4)__ in by children. We decided to use video games to facilitate the intrinsic
motivation of play. The monitor of a video game activity was inverted and placed behind the head of the
bed so that the child __(5)__ proper neck positioning. We found the activity to be beneficial in many
aspects. It helped maintain neck positioning, decreased the demand for individual interventions, and
provided opportunities for __(6)__ self-confidence.
1) A) was
B) has been
C) had been 5) A) had maintained
D) would be B) must be maintained
E) had to be C) could maintain
D) is maintaining
2) A) with E) has been maintaining
B) on
C) from 6) A) improving
D) at B) progressing
E) into C) advancing
D) growing
3) A) since E) enlarging
B) although
C) before 7) The underlined word in the passage is closest
D) because of in meaning to ____________.
E) in order to
A) challenged
4) A) excelled B) laid
B) cultivated C) sustained
C) objected D) accommodated
D) merged E) settled
E) engaged
8) One point made in the passage is that when E) they generally choose the method
patients have problem about muscle tightening normally applied to children
in their necks, _____________.
10) One can easily understand from the passage
A) they are commonly advised to have a that the method recently applied to children for
rest in their beds for approximately a the muscle tightening in their necks
week ________________.
B) it is a must that they stay in bed for
one week A) has also been successful in
C) doctors strictly urge them that they removing the adults’ boredom
should quit working more than five problem while having a rest in bed
days B) helps children get rid of their
D) they have great difficulty in adapting physical problem entirely
to the conditions at work C) merely enables children to enjoy
E) they cannot recover from this illness themselves while having a rest in
unless they have a rest for at least their beds
one week at home D) didn’t manage to keep children still
in bed because they are very active
9) As it is clear in the passage, although many E) works well for not only their
different processes have been offered in order to physical problem but also their
enable patients to keep their necks still in bed, psychological problem
______________.
A) only one of them has been

successful in doing so
B) doctors do not prefer any of them in
their treatment
C) doctors find it difficult to do so since
these patients become bored of
staying in bed
D) they don’t want to get involved in any
of these processes because of
getting bored
Alıştırma17: 1-B 2-A 3-D7-B 8-A 9-C

4-E 5-C 6-A10-E

(I) Detective Story is a tale that __(1)__ a mystery or the commission of a crime, emphasizing the search
for a solution. (II) The detective story is distinguished from other forms of fiction by __(2)__ it is a puzzle.
__(3)__ a crime usually has been committed, the reader's attention is directed to __(4)__ circumstances
surrounding the crime __(5)__ to the event itself. (III) The tale's climax is the solution of the puzzle, and the
bulk of the narrative __(6)__ the logical process __(7)__ the investigator follows a series of clues to this
solution. (IV) Very often the detective solves the mystery __(8)__ deductive reasoning from facts known
both __(9)__ the character and the reader.
1) A) reduces B) deals
B) features C) copes
C) issues D) refers
D) induces E) charges
E) relinquishes
7) A) on which
2) A) that B) where
B) why C) when
C) whenever D) by which
D) where E) that
E) the fact that
8) A) for fear that
3) A) Despite B) by means of
B) Nevertheless C) on the way to
C) Although D) over and above
D) In spite of E) on and off
E) Because
9) A) for
4) A) baffled B) at
B) baffle C) to
C) bafflement D) on
D) baffling E) in
E) baffles
10) The underlined phrase in the passage is
5) A) except for closest in meaning to __________.
B) even when
C) other than A) the event alone
D) but for B) with the event
E) rather than C) for the event
D) through the event
6) A) concerns E) the event alike
11) Which numbered statement in the passage A) I B) II C) III D) IV
states that a detective in detective novel
generally solves a crime by making Alıştırma 18: 1-B 2-E 3-C 4-D 5-E 6-A 7-D 8-B
inferences rather than reaching direct result? 9-C 10-A 11-D
Elephants are the largest living land animals, __(1)__ adults sometimes weighing six tons or more. __(2)__
the two species, the African elephant is larger and more plentiful than the Asian elephant. But __(3)__ are
threatened by shrinking living space and poaching for the ivory trade. Modern elephants are the last
survivors of the old and varied "trunked" family of mammals that __(4)__ ranged the entire planet. These
heirs of such mighty creatures __(5)__ the extinct mastodon and mammoth __(6)__ a unique place in their
habitat in Africa and Asia. As huge and powerful consumers, elephants are considered __(7)__ a keystone
species in their environment, __(8)__ biodiversity in the regions they __(9)__.
1) A) through B) for
B) with C) as
C) for D) even
D) at E) ever
E) in
6) A) plough
2) A) From B) insult
B) Upon C) occupy
C) Of D) withstand
D) On E) preach
E) At
7) A) being
3) A) each B) to be
B) much C) to being
C) every D) been
D) none E) be
E) both
4) A) since
B) long
C) when
D) so long as 8) A) having affected
E) once B) to have affected
C) being affected
5) A) like D) affecting
E) to affect C) initiate
D) inject
9) A) inhabit E) instill
B) inhibit
Alıştırma 19: 1-B 2-C 3-E 4-E 5-C 6-C 7-B 8-D 9-A
Alıştırma 20: Koyu halde verilen ifadelerin eş anlamlısını bulunuz.
The fascination of D. H. Lawrence's personality (1) is attested by all who knew him, and it abundantly (2)
survives in his fiction, his poetry, his numerous prose writings, and his letters. Lawrence's poetry deserves
special mention (3). In his early poems his touch is often unsure, he is too “literary,” and he is often
constrained by rhyme (4). But by a remarkable triumph of development, he evolved a highly spontaneous
mode of free verse that allowed him to express an unrivalled (5) mixture of observation and symbolism. His
poetry can be of great biographical interest (6), as in “Look! We Have Come Through!”, and some of the
verse in “Pansies” and “Nettles” is brilliantly sardonic. But his most original contribution is “Birds, Beasts and
Flowers”, in which he creates an unprecedented (7) poetry of nature, based on his experiences of the
Mediterranean scene and the American Southwest. In his “Last Poems” he contemplates (8) death.
1) A) The fact that D. H. Lawrence affects everybody’s character

B) The fact that D. H. Lawrence’s personality interests everybody a lot
C) How D. H. Lawrence affected everybody
D) What kind of character D. H. Lawrence has
E) The reason why D. H. Lawrence affected readers
2) A) prettily
B) scarcely
C) hardly
D) merely
E) simply
3) A) Lawrence writes poems much better than anybody else.

B) Lawrence has a trivial type of writing poems.
C) Lawrence pays more attention to novels than poems.
D) Lawrence mentions emotional values in his poetry.
E) Lawrence’s poetry needs nothing to recommend.
4) A) He does not take rhyme into consideration.

B) Rhyme does not hold a place in his poetry.
C) As often as not, rhyme controls and limits him.
D) Making rhymes is second in importance for him.
E) Rhymes are no more significant than other poetical strategies.
5) A) equivalent
B) having no equal
C) identical
D) being in different position
E) coming second in rank
6) A) Readers are interested in his poetry a lot.

B) His poetry includes many traces about literary figures.
C) Readers do no show interest in his way of writing poems.
D) His poems are of great importance to the critics.
E) His poetry can carry biographical interest.
7) A) the first of its type

B) not balanced
C) infallible
D) not satisfactory
E) unpredictable
8) A) commences
B) nullifies
C) rectifies
D) considers
E) justifies
Alıştırma 20: 1-B 2-A 3-E 4-C 5-B 6-E 7-A 8-

Alıştırma 21: Parantez içerisinde verilen ifadelerin doğru olanını seçiniz.
A few years ago, Julia Roberts was just (another/the other) unknown Southern girl trying to make it in the
movies. Just six movies (after/later), she is the highest-paid actress in Hollywood and the only one who
can instantly get a movie (making/made) by signing on the dotted line. She is considered to be the hottest
thing Hollywood has seen for (many a/many) year. She has (once/already) had two Oscar nominations
and two Golden nominations, for “Steel Magnolias” and “pretty woman” and been (named/known)
performer of the year by America’s cinema owners.
Alıştırma 21: another / later / made / many a / already / named
The characters of a book are the fictional figures __(1)__ move through the plot. They are invented by the
author and are made of words rather than of flesh and blood. __(2)__, they cannot be expected to have all
the attributes of real human beings. __(3)__, novelists do try to create fictional people __(4)__ situations
affect the reader __(5)__ the situations of real people would.
1) A) that D) that’s why

B) whom E) Nevertheless
C) where
D) when 4) A) when
E) the fact that B) where
C) whose
2) A) However D) that
B) Despite E) whom
C) Though
D) Therefore 5) A) because
E) As well as B) where
C) for
3) A) For that reason D) as
B) Thus E) when
C) Regrettably
6) One can understand from the passage that ____.

in a book written by an author, characters
A) are invented both physically and D) prefer writing about the setting to writing
psychologically about their characters
B) lead changeable lives E) struggle to reflect their own lifestyle on
C) are not factual their books through characters
D) are rather more different than anybody
else in real world in every manner 8) Much of the passage is devoted to
E) try to alter the readers’ minds about a __________.
certain matter
A) the differences between imaginary
7) It is pointed out in the passage that authors characters and imaginary settings
in a book ____________. B) the reason why authors write a book
C) what purpose authors have in writing a
A) bring their characters into being literally book
rather than physically D) the situations of real people in real world
B) do not aim to make an impression on the E) how imaginary characters are invented
readers through characters by the authors of a book
C) always underline the fact that their
characters are not real people Alıştırma 22: 1-A 2-D 3-E 4-C 5-D 6-C 7-A 8-
E
Alıştırma 23: Parça içerisinde verilen ifadelerin doğru olan yapıyı işaretleyiniz ve akabinden parça ile
alakalı soruları cevaplayınız.
The sense of déjà vu (French for “seen before”) is the strange sensation of having been somewhere
before, or been experienced/experienced your current situation before, even though/because you know
you have not. One possible explanation of déjà vu is that aspects of the current situation acts/act as
retrieval cues that unconsciously evoke an earlier experience, resulting in/on an eerie sense of familiarity.
Another puzzling phenomenon is the sense of jamais vu (French for “never seen”). This feeling
raises/arises when people feel they are experiencing something for the first time, even though they know
they must have experienced it before. The encoding specificity principle may partly explain jamais vu;
despite/although the overt similarity of the current and past situations, the cues of the current situation do
not match the encoded features of the earlier situation.
1) Find the word in the passage from the definition given below.
a) done or shown publicly or in an obvious way; not secret: _______________.

b) to make someone remember something or feel an emotion: ______________.
c) the quality of being clear and exact: _____________.
d) of the present time: _____________.
e) something that exists and can be seen, felt, tasted, etc., especially something which is unusual or
interesting: _____________.
f) strange in a frightening and mysterious way: _______________.
g) finding and bringing back something: _____________.
2) As it is pointed in the passage, déjà vu literally meaning “seen before” in French ____________.
A) gives one the feeling that the events in life happen again and again
B) enables one to take precaution for potential dangers to occur
C) is the bizarre feeling that the person is living the same situation down again
D) ensures the possibility that the person can turn back to the past
E) is the strange feeling that the person is experiencing an event for the first time
3) One can understand from the passage that jamais vu _____________.
A) is entirely similar to the things experienced in déjà vu

B) alludes to the personal feeling that causes one to take precautions against the events to come
C) came into existence exactly at the same time with the phenomenon of déjà vu
D) is a strange emotion that leads one to feel that he lives the time of yesterday
E) is a striking phenomenon in that anyone thinks he experiences an event for the first time despite
him having lived before
Alıştırma 23: experienced / even though / act / in / arises / despite

1) a- overt b- evoke c- familiarity d- current e- phenomenon f- eerie g- retrieval
2) C
3) E
Forgetting is defined as the loss of information over time. (I) Under/Over most conditions, people recall
information best/better soon after learning it than after a long delay; as time passes, they forget some of
the information. We have all failed remembering/to remember a piece of information when we need it, so
we often see forgetting as a bother. (II) However/Therefore, forgetting can also be useful because we need
to continuously/continually update our memories. When we move and receive a new telephone number,
we need to forget the old one and learn the new one. If you park your car every day on a large lot, you
need to remember where you parked it today and not yesterday or the day before. Thus/By contrast,
forgetting can have an adaptive function.
1) The underlined word in the passage means B) regain

_________. C) remember
D) recede
A) remind E) retard
2) This passage mainly concentrates on A) Since we need to make our
__________________. memories more suitable for adding
new information, we should forget
A) how forgetting can be useful for a something
person B) Forgetting is in fact not harmful but
B) the examples about forgetting and useful for the people to renew their
remembering activities memories
C) why people want to forget something C) Forgetting is only harmful for
deliberately someone if they want to learn new
D) the way people can remember the information
things that happened in the past D) Forgetting is necessary for someone
E) the definition of forgetting and how if they need to memorise new
remembering generally occurs information
E) Because we need to learn new
3) We understand from the sentence information every day, we should
numbered I that ___________. forget all the things we have learnt
before
A) people generally forget information
soon after they learn it
B) people, as often as not, remember
some of the information after a long
delay
C) time generally plays an important
role for the people to remember
information
D) people remember information for a
short period of time if they have just Alıştırma 24
learned it Under / better / to remember / However /
E) If a long period of time passes, Continually / Thus
people forget everything about the 1) C
information 2) E
3) C
4) We understand from the sentence 4) A
numbered II that ___________.
Alıştırma 25: Aşağıdaki parçayı verilen cümlelerle tamamlayınız ve akabinden parçayla alakalı soruları
çözünüz.
_____(1)_______. (I) As a rule, these organisms are confined to the area near the entrance, but some
species penetrate to the darkest reaches of the cave. (II) Properly, cave life may be divided into those
forms living exclusively in caves and those that live in caves part of the time but forage in the open. The
cave cricket and some cave fish are examples of animals modified for continuous life in caves.
______(2)______. (III) Animals that live completely in caves commonly have as their diet the edible
matter, such as micro-organisms and decaying organic material, carried into the caves by streams. (IV)
Bats exemplify animals that utilize caves for resting and hibernating purposes but forage in the open for
their food. Rich deposits of guano, or bat droppings, have accumulated over the centuries in caves where
bats gather together in large group. Such detritus deposits support a variety of insects and simpler
organisms. The guano is sometimes marketed as fertilizer. The number of bats inhabiting a large cave
may be astoundingly large. _____(3)_______. (V) Because lack of sunlight prevents green-plant growth,
fungi make up the only plant life that can grow in caves. Ground waters containing dissolved organic
substances frequently provide nutrients for the fungi. In past ages people often took shelter in caves,
notably in Western Europe, the Mediterranean regions, China, southern Africa, and Chile.
_____(4)_______. Actually, during the Ice Age, people, like other animals, sought refuge in caves from
time to time. Many artefacts of Palaeolithic and Neolithic peoples have been found in refuse heaps near
the entrances of caves. Primitive paintings have been found on the walls of some caves, notably in France
and Spain. _____(5)_______.
a) Although such species are blind, as is usual among animal forms completely adapted to cave
life, their organs of touch are highly developed
b) These early cave inhabitants popularly have been called cavemen, but the term is
misleading, for it implies that a race of people at one time dwelt exclusively in caves
c) Modern critics acclaim the artistic beauty of these paintings, attributed to the Cro-Magnon, a
race of the late Palaeolithic period
d) Through evolutionary processes some plants and animals have become specially adapted to
living in caves
e) For example, hundreds of thousands of the animals can be observed in the evening flight of
bats from Carlsbad Caverns
1) Which numbered statement in the passage

implies that micro-organisms and decaying
organic material can be eaten by the 3) Which numbered statement in the passage
animals living in caves? indicates that there is nothing in the caves
which enables plants to grow other than
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V fungi?
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
2) Which numbered statement in the passage
indicates that Bats are the animals which Alıştırma 25: 1) d 2) e 3) a 4) b 5) c
live in caves in order to rest and spend 1) C
winter sleeping? 2) D
3) E
Alıştırma 26: Aşağıdaki parçayı verilen kelimelerle tamamlayınız ve akabinden parçaya gore soruları
cevaplayınız.
a) permanent c) oversaw e) occupied g) elsewhere

b) Would-be d) bearing f) decline h) chased
Britain in the 3rd and 4th centuries felt the ___(1)___ of the Roman Empire. An official known as the count
of the Saxon Shore ___(2)___ defences against raids by Saxons and others along the North Sea coast.
___(3)___ emperors stripped Britain of its occupying forces, moving the legions ___(4)___ to serve their
own political ambitions. In 410 Rome abandoned Britain. After nearly four centuries of occupation, it left
little that was ___(5)___: a superb network of roads, the best Britain would have for 1400 years; the sites
of a number of towns—London, York, and others ___(6)___ names that end in the suffix -cester and
-caster; and Christianity. The Anglo-Saxons, who ___(7)___ the country after the Romans left, ignored the
towns, ___(8)___ Christianity into Wales, and gave their own names, such as Watling Street, to the
Roman roads.
1) What is the best suitable title for this D) Britain quit using the network of roads
passage? which the Roman had erected
E) there were many temporary effects it put
A) the wars between Britain and Roman upon Britain
Empire
B) the defences against raids by Saxons 3) One point made in the passage is that the
and other tribes network of roads ______________.
C) the place of Roman Empire in British
History A) has always been the most important
D) how the names were given to the cities feature of Britain from the very beginning
in Britain B) is one of the most important and
E) the importance of Christianity in British permanent effects which lasted more
History than one millennium
C) provided Britain with many opportunities
2) One can easily understand from the in terms of commerce and trade
passage that after Rome had left Britain D) gave way to the development of several
forever, ____________. cities across Britain
E) was neglected by the British government
A) it laid several effects that would last for a for 1400 years
long time upon Britain
B) people had great difficulty in finding jobs Alıştırma 26:
in Britain 1) decline 2) oversaw 3) would-be 4)
C) all the names given during the period of elsewhere 5) permanent 6) bearing 7)
the Roman Empire were entirely occupied 8) chased
changed 1) A
2) E
3) B
The world of the coral reef is one of the most diverse ecosystems on our planet. The sheer number of life
forms in this environment rival/rivals even that of the tropical rain forests. Built/Building over thousands of
years by tiny calcium-producing organisms, the reefs are a haven for countless thousands of life forms,
some of/much of which seem totally alien on/in form. It is a fairy tale world of bright colours and ever
changing patterns. Only on the reef can one find living examples from nearly every group of organisms
representing a billion years of evolution. Some of the oldest reefs today began growing over 25 million
years ago. Diving on a coral reef is like to enter/entering another world. We have, in fact, spent less time
and money exploring/by exploring the world’s oceans than we have the surface of the moon. Every
day/Everyday brings the discovery of an exciting new species. It is a world of never-ending wonders. But it
is also an extremely fragile environment, and it is in very real danger of disappearing forever. Mankind's
ignorance and carelessness is beginning to have a noticeable impact in/on the world's reefs. From the
Florida Keys to the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the damage is becoming apparent. If we wish to share
this wondrous world with our children, we must take steps to conserve/to conserving it. The first step to
save/to saving our reefs is education.
a) used to emphasize how very great, important or powerful a quality or feeling is:
_____________.
b) varied or different:______________.
c) a safe or peaceful place: ______________.
d) easily damaged, broken or harmed: _______________.
e) easy to see or recognize: ___________.
f) extremely and surprisingly good: _____________.
g) to keep and protect something from damage, change or waste: _____________.
h) to be as good, clever, beautiful, etc. as someone or something else: _____________.
i) very many; too many to be counted: ______________.
2) The underlined word “that” refers to 3) It is pointed out in the passage that the
____________. number of life forms in the ecosystem
__________.
A) sheer number
B) life forms A) can be close to the one found in the
C) coral reef tropical rain forests
D) ecosystems B) can be made certain if we compare
E) environment it with the one found in the tropical
rain forests
C) is the same as the number of coral organisms anywhere other than in
reefs the reefs
D) is limited when compared with the
number of life forms found in the 5) The writer of the passage emphasizes that
tropical rain forests since people are in lack of information about
E) is not clear at the moment but will be the world’s reefs, ________________.
when the studies on the number of
life forms in the tropical rain forests A) they are giving great harm to both
are finished the coral reefs and the tropical rain
forests
4) One can understand from the passage that B) a new campaign is being prepared
______________. in order to inform them
C) all the environment has turned out to
A) we don’t have any idea about the be very weak
appearance of all the life forms D) the reefs are gradually being
found in the reefs in the ecosystems affected in a negative way
B) all the life forms’ shape in the E) there has been great damage
tropical rain forests has been made everywhere in Australia
clear recently
C) there are many life forms only few of Alıştırma 27:
which are identified in terms of 1) a- sheer b- diverse c- haven d- fragile
shape e- noticeable f- wondrous g- conserve
D) the world of the coral reefs is the h- rival- countless
most various ecosystem on our 2) A
planet 3) A
E) we cannot find any living creature 4) E
from practically every group of 5) D
Robert Louis Stevenson was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1850. He was the son of Thomas Stevenson,
a well-known engineer who had built many important lighthouses. Like/For/As a child, and
along/throughout/across his life, Stevenson was often in ___(1)___ health, but he was ___(2)__ reading.
He enrolled on/at/from Edinburgh University at the age of seventeen with/in/on the intention to study
engineering, but ended up __(3)___ law instead. He became a qualified lawyer but did not pursue the
profession, choosing instead to become a full-time writer.
1) A) poor E) good
B) poverty
C) poorly 2) A) excessively
D) rich B) principally
C) constantly C) is chiefly known for writing short
D) chiefly stories about his early life
E) sparsely D) preferred to be an engineer rather
than be a lawyer
3) A) to study E) graduated from the University of
B) studying Edinburgh and became an engineer
C) having studied
D) to have studied 5) The underlined word in the passage is
E) being studied closest in meaning to ________.
4) One can infer from the passage that Robert A) attained

Louis Stevenson ___________. B) receded
C) retained
A) had to give up reading after he was D) subscribed
impeded by his illness E) register
B) intended to have a career as an
engineer, but abandoned this
purpose later
(I) Stevenson published many short stories and books over the early part of his life, but (II) his first taste of
real success came in 1883 with the publication of Treasure Island, a pirate-themed adventure novel
originally published/publishing/to publish serially in Young Folks magazine. (III) The magazine also
published Kidnapped in 1886, the year which saw the publication of Stevenson's most famous novel, The
Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. (IV) Stevenson wrote several more novels before his death in
1894, and (V) became friends with such lateral/literal/literary figures as the American novelist Henry
James.
6) The underlined word in the passage is

closest in meaning to ________. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) happened 8) Which date shows the time when Stevenson

B) evaluated died?
C) witnessed
D) processed A) in the latter part of 19th century
E) animated B) in the former part of 19th century
C) in the early 19th century
7) Which numbered statement in the passage D) in the first decade of 19th century
indicates that Stevenson became successful E) in the late 18th century
in terms of literature for the first time?
Like/As Treasure Island, Kidnapped is an adventure story, and though it was published in a magazine for
adolescents, it was read densely/excessively/widely by adults. The story, also like Treasure Island, centers
on a young man who becomes caught up with criminals and rogues. But where Treasure Island was
primarily a book concerned over/with/about Britain and its struggles with piracy, Kidnapped is very
more/most/much a tale of Scotland, and one of its themes is the struggle through/between/across the
Catholic clans of Highland Scotland and the efforts of their Protestant British rulers suppressing/to
suppress them and their religion.
9) The underlined word in the passage is D) the fact that the two works Treasure
closest in meaning to ________. Island and Kidnapped were published in
a magazine for adolescents
A) imposes E) the fact that a young man is caught up
B) encompasses with some criminals and rogues
C) focuses
D) draws 11) It is pointed out in the passage that Treasure
E) outlines Island and Kidnapped ___________.
10) This passage is mainly concerned with A) are entirely similar to each other
_____. B) are different from one another in that the
former was published in a magazine for
A) the comparisons and contrasts between adolescents
Treasure Island and Kidnapped C) have contributed much to the fame of
B) the fact that Treasure Island includes the the writer in every respect
matters about Britain D) are both adventure stories
C) the struggle between the Catholic clans E) are similar to each other in only one
of Highland Scotland and the efforts of respect that the major character is
their Protestant British rulers coping with the criminals and rogues
Alıştırma 28: 1-5 as / throughout / at / with 10) A

1) A 6) C 11) D
2) C 7) B 9-11 like / widely / with / much
3) B 8) A / between / suppressing
4) B 6-8 published / literary
5) E 9) C
(I) According to tradition, on April 21, 753 B.C., Romulus and his twin brother, Remus, founded Rome on
the site when/which/where they were suckled by a she-wolf as orphaned infants. (II) Actually, the Romulus
and Remus myth originated sometimes/sometime/somewhat on/at/in the fourth century B.C., and (III) the
exact date of Rome's founding was set by the Roman scholar Marcus Terentius Varro in the first century
B.C.
1) Which numbered statement in the passage B) are claimed to have founded the site of
indicates the accurate information about the Rome according to the legend
foundation of Rome? C) were the twin brothers who proved that
the Roman scholar Marcus Terentius
A) I B) II C) III Varro didn’t found Rome in fact
D) clearly showed that the exact date of
2) One can understand from the passage that Rome’s founding was the fourth century
Romulus and Remus _______. B.C.
E) helped the Roman scholar Marcus
A) are the original founders of Rome as is Terentius Varro set the foundation of
stated in the history Rome
According to the legend, Romulus and Remus were the sons of Rhea Silvia, the daughter of King Numitor
of Alba Longa. Alba Longa was a mythical city located in the Alban Hills southeast of what/which/that
would become Rome. Before the birth of the twins, Numitor was deposed/deposed by his younger brother
Amulius, who forced Rhea becoming/to become a vestal virgin so that she would not/will not give birth to
rival claimants to his title. Although/But/However, Rhea was impregnated by the war god Mars and gave
birth to Romulus and Remus. Amulius ordered the infants drown/to drown/drowned in the Tiber, but they
survived and washed ashore at/in/from the foot of the Palatine hill, where they were suckled by a she-wolf
until they were found by the shepherd Faustulus.
3) The underlined word in the passage is B) participated

closest in meaning to ________. C) situated
D) placed
A) taken place E) progressed
(I) Rearing/Reared by Faustulus and his wife, the twins later became leaders of a band of young shepherd
warriors. (II) After learning their true identity, they attacked Alba Longa, killed the wicked Amulius, and
restored their grandfather to/on/from the throne. (III) The twins then decided to found a town on the site
where they saved/have been saved/had been saved as infants. (IV) They soon became involved on/in/at a
petty quarrel, however, and Remus slay/slew/was slain by his brother. (V) Romulus then became ruler of
the settlement, which was named "Rome" after him.
4) The underlined word in the passage is 5) Which numbered statement in the passage
closest in meaning to ________. implies that the brothers’ argument was
about a trivial subject?
A) approved
B) confirmed A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
C) called
D) known 6) Which numbered statement in the passage
E) explained points out that the brothers helped their
grandfather return to his throne?
To populate/populated his town, Romulus offered asylum to fugitives and exiles. Rome lacked women,
___(18)____, so Romulus invited the neighbouring Sabines to a festival and abducted their women. A war
then ensued, but the Sabine women intervened to prevent the Sabine men ___(19)___ seizing Rome. A
peace treaty was ____(20)___, and the communities merged under the joint rule of Romulus and the
Sabine king, Titus Tatius. Tatius' early death, perhaps ___(21)____ by Romulus, left the Roman as the
sole king again. After a long and successful rule, Romulus died under obscure circumstances. Many
Romans believed he ___(22)___ into a god and worshipped him as the deity Quirinus. After Romulus,
there were six more kings of Rome, the last three believed ___(23)___ Etruscans. Around 509 B.C., the
Roman republic was established.
7) A) therefore 10) A) perpetrated

B) but B) perpetrating
C) however C) to perpetrate
D) although D) to be perpetrating
E) on the contrary E) perpetrate
8) A) from 11) A) changed

B) in B) was changed
C) against C) changes
D) on D) will be changed
E) for E) had changed
9) A) set out 12) A) be

B) drawn up B) being
C) brought about C) to being
D) come to D) been
E) accounted for E) to be
a) to combine or join together, or to cause things to do this: _________________.

b) a god or goddess: _________________.
c) to happen after something else, especially as a result of it: _________________.
d) to force someone to go somewhere with you, often using threats or violence: ___________.
e) next to or near each other: ____________.
f) a person who is running away or hiding from the police or a dangerous situation: ________.
g) a person who is sent or kept away from their own country: ____________.
The other/Another Roman foundation legend, which has its/their origins in ancient Greece, tells for/on/of
how the mythical Trojan Aeneas founded Lavinium and started a dynasty that would lead to the birth of
Romulus and Remus several centuries later. In the Iliad, an epic Greek poem probably composed by
Homer in the eighth century B.C., Aeneas was the only major Trojan hero to survive the Greek destruction
of Troy. A passage mentioned where/what/how he and his descendants would rule the Trojans, but since
there was no record of any such dynasty in Troy, Greek scholars proposed that Aeneas and his followers
relocated.
14) The underlined sentence in the passage D) According to an epic Greek poem Iliad
means _________. probably composed by Homer in the
eighth century B.C., there was no hero
B) Aeneas was the only major Trojan hero who managed to live after the Greek
to survive the Greek destruction of Troy destruction of Troy other than Aeneas.
as is stated in the history. E) Aeneas was proved to be the only major
C) According to some resources other than Trojan hero to be able to live after the
the Iliad probably composed by Homer Greek destruction of Troy by an epic
in the eight century B.C., there were Greek poem Iliad.
several heroes who could live after the
Greek destruction of Troy.
In the fifth century B.C., a few Greek historians speculated that Aeneas settled at Rome, which was then
still a small city-state. In the fourth century B.C., Rome began to expand onto/with/within the Italian
peninsula, and Romans, coming into/through/onto greater contact with the Greeks, embraced the
suggestion that Aeneas had a role in the foundation of their great city. In the first century B.C., the Roman
poet Virgil developed the Aeneas myth in his epic poem the Aeneid, which told of Aeneas' journey to/on/at
Rome. Augustus, the first Roman emperor and emperor during Virgil's time, and Julius Caesar, his great-
uncle and predecessor as Roman ruler, were said to be/being descended on/in/from Aeneas.
15) It is pointed out in the passage that when the C) the Greeks had the opportunity to
Romans had a contact with the Greeks, speculate about Aeneas’ role in the
_____. foundation of Rome
D) the Romans understood that Aeneas
A) there were some rumours that the was the only person to found the city of
Romans accepted Aeneas’ role in the Rome
foundation of Rome E) the Romans accepted enthusiastically
B) the Romans came to realise that Aeneas that Aeneas made an impressive stride
once lived in Rome in the foundation of Rome
Alıştırma 29: what / was deposed / to 3) D

where / sometime / in become / would not / 4) B
1) C However / drowned / at reared / to / had been saved /
2) C in / was slain
5) C 11) a- merge g- exile
6) A b- deity to populate
7) B c- ensue 12) C
8) A d-abduct another / its / of / how
9) B e- neighbouring 13) E
10) E f- fugitive within / into / to / to be / from
Alıştırma 30: Koyu olarak yazılı kelimelerin eş anlamlısını bulunuz.
There was a land where the summers were short and chilly. The sun was situated (1) low on the sky and
the shadows of the trees were long. Once each summer a huge flock of butterflies settled in the forests of
this land. On the first mild day they were sitting on all branches of the trees, looking for the first flowers to
unfold (2). And so it happened (3), and the butterflies sucked the honey and made themselves ready for
mating, knowing that the summer was so short, and that they only had this one day to finish their divine
decision. But in the flock of butterflies there was one who did not like its way of life and had troubles with it,
because it knew it was not as it was meant to (4) be. The butterfly was different and was not let into the
flock – it was too different. Lonely and painful it was. Therefore, the butterfly took a decision and flew away
from the flock. It heard the flock blow the whistle: “Look, he is leaving, because he is not like us. Good
heavens, what a weird (5) being! Happy we, that we are all alike!” But the little butterfly flew south,
pondering (6) about its difference. Warmer and warmer it grew, and higher and higher the sun shone from
the sky. The heat warmed his wings and he felt more and more melancholic without knowing why. But
suddenly its eyes caught sight of (7) a forest far below. There were flowers on the trees, and the air was
warm and humid (8). He flew down and rested on a beautiful tree filled up with (9) flowers and hundreds of
butterflies. But they all had other colours on their wings, and he felt lonely again. But all of a sudden he
saw a butterfly, who looked a little like himself. It looked lonely too, and she told him that she had flown
astray(10), and that she had quite another origin. “Loneliness,” she said. “Oh, I know it, but it helps you to
know yourself better.” He fell in love with this beauty and they decided to stay together. “We will stay in the
rain forest,” they said. “Although we do not belong there.” Two different butterflies – two different souls –
two different origins. And they created a new world together. A new butterfly was born, so loneliness and
difference can lead to (11) happiness and holiness.
1) A) placed
B) located 3) A) things do happen
C) realized B) when it comes to
D) mentioned C) as expressed
E) stated D) as stated
E) so as the story goes
2) A) open
B) package 4) A) explained
C) tune B) uttered
D) endeavour C) presented
E) plunder D) intended
E) articulated D) fruitless
E) arable
5) A) virtual 9) A) cramped with

B) incongruous B) overwhelmed by
C) practical C) stunned by
D) dramatic D) inundated by
E) basic E) engulfed with
6) A) think back on 10) A) in the wrong direction

B) dwell on B) as usual
C) settle down C) in a prominent way
D) go back on D) in proportion
E) settle up E) at stake
7) A) go within reach 11) A) mediate

B) lie within limit B) confiscate
C) come to a standstill C) cause
D) put word through D) revitalize
E) catch the glimpse of E) gratify
8) A) dry
B) withered
C) moist
4) D 9) A
Alıştırma 30: 5) B 10) A
1) B 6) B 11) C
2) A 7) E
3) E 8) C
Alıştırma 31: Parçayı aşağıdaki cümlelerle tamamlayınız.
Head-hunting is the practice of taking and preserving the head of a slain enemy. It has occurred
throughout the world from ancient times into the 20th century. In Europe, it flourished in the Balkans until
the early 20th century. ______(1)_______. Head-hunting tribes usually believe that there is soul matter
concentrated in the head; taking the head of an enemy not only adds to the totality of soul matter in one's
community, it also weakens the power of the enemy. ______(2)_______. In addition, heads are secured
as tokens of courage and manhood. ______(3)_______. In some parts of the world, notably among the
natives of North America, the scalp alone was taken, and the hair was often used in the making of
amulets. Heads may be mummified in various ways, as in New Guinea, where both skull and skin are
preserved, or among the Jívaro of South America, where the skin alone is preserved to produce a so-
called shrunken head. ______(4)_______.
a) As a particularly gruesome symbol of victory, such trophies may also intimidate enemies and potential
enemies
b) An increase in head-hunting and concomitant warfare is often associated with the penetration of
Westerners who like to buy and collect these trophies
c) In many societies, young men are allowed to marry only after they have taken their first head, and for
each trophy they may wear a distinctive feather or special tattoo
d) The practice often has magico-religious motives
Alıştırma 31: 1) d 2) a 3) c 4) b
TV viewers around the world watched in horror last January as hundreds of thousands of Africans fled
rivers of fiery lava that spewed down the slopes of Congo's Mount Nyiragongo and flooded the streets of
Goma. ______(1)_______. Researchers have estimated that more than one billion people—approximately
20 percent of the world's population—are living in volcanic hazard zones. Experts expect the number to
rise. The rapid growth of population, urbanization, and economic development are driving more and more
people to settle around volcanoes, significantly increasing the potential loss of life and property in the
event of eruptions, said Robert Tilling, a senior volcanologist with the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano
Hazards Program. ______(2)_______. "In the last 20 years there have been at least 80 encounters
between airliners and ash clouds, causing hundreds of millions of dollars in damage and lost revenue,"
said Tilling. Every day, tens of thousands of passengers fly over volcanically active regions such as the
North Pacific, which has more than 100 active volcanoes, and four to five ash-producing eruptions each
year. ______(3)_______. On December 15, 1989, a KLM flight carrying 231 passengers flew into a cloud
of ash that had erupted from Alaska's Redoubt volcano and drifted 150 miles away. ______(4)_______.
The plane sustained $80 million in damages. In 1995, an international network of Volcanic Ash Advisory
Centres was established to counter the increasing threat.
a) In this age of international air travel, even people not living in the vicinity of a volcano are at risk, he
noted
b) All four of the engines lost power and the plane dropped nearly two miles in altitude before the crew
could restart the engines
c) The vivid horror of that eruption, which killed about 75 people, was a stark reminder of the powerful—
and often deadly—forces that lie beneath the surface of Earth's majestic volcanoes
d) A near-fatal accident in 1989 involving a 747 jetliner alerted authorities to the increasing dangers of
drifting clouds of volcanic ash
Alıştırma 32: 1) c 2) a 3) d 4) b
Alıştırma 33: Parçadaki boşlukları tamamlayınız ve akabinden soruları cevaplayınız.

Charles Robert Darwin is an English scientist who revolutionized biological thinking at the end of the
nineteenth century. At the age of twenty-three he joined the naval survey ship Beagle as geologist and
naturalist for a five-year voyage ____(1)___ the world. In South America he studied the plants, animals,
and geology of Patagonia before travelling up the west coast to make a detailed study of the geology of
the Andes, and propounding a theory of their ____(2)___. His observations on coral islands ____(3)___ to
his theory of reef formation. A mass of data and specimens of plants, animals, and fossils ____(4)___ from
islands such as the Galapagos strongly influenced his future thinking. Darwin continually compared living
animals ____(5)___ fossil finds, and also compared the differences in species which occurred from place
to place. The ultimate result of his experiences, and ____(6)___ his practical knowledge of variation and
breeding gained from his own garden plants and animals, ____(7)___ his now famous book, On the Origin
of Species by Means of Natural Selection , or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life ,
usually referred to simply as Origin of Species. It ____(8)___ to show that species are not fixed
____(9)___ evolve through natural selection. Some individuals have characteristics which better fit them
for survival; they are more likely to reproduce and pass their characteristics on to their offspring.
____(10)___ time distinct species develop. Darwin argued that mankind has evolved in this way. The
Austrian Gregor Mendel and later geneticists revealed the mechanisms of variability and the transmission
of characteristics. Darwin's work was immediately influential in psychology when his cousin Galton,
founder of eugenics, began to study the heritability of intelligence. Darwin's work gave grounds
____(11)___ in the continuity of human and animal evolution. The book caused great and lasting
controversy, which ____(12)___ on the question of human evolution. His other classic works include The
Formation of Vegetable Mould through the action of Worms, with observations on their habits and a
monograph on barnacles. Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals points out
parallels ____(13)___ human and animal body language and facial expression and remains influential in
the study of emotion.
1) A) to E) succeeded
B) in
C) round 4) A) collected
D) across B) collecting
E) from C) collect
D) being collected
2) A) originality E) to collect
B) origin
C) original 5) A) for
D) origins B) in
E) originally C) on
D) to
3) A) led E) with
B) happened
C) occurred 6) A) on
D) seemed B) at
C) into B) On
D) of C) Over
E) from D) Under
E) During
7) A) were
B) was 11) A) for short
C) has B) for belief
D) have C) at ease
E) are D) from memory
E) in general
8) A) turned up
B) picked out 12) A) was heated
C) drew up B) heated
D) set out C) has heated
E) made out D) will be seated
E) were heated
9) A) and
B) or 13) A) among
C) neither B) between
D) but C) onto
E) also D) across
E) under
10) A) Around
a) to completely change something so that it is much better: ____________.

b) to suggest a theory, belief or opinion for other people to consider: _____________.
c) a large amount of something that has no particular shape or arrangement:
_____________.
d) happening repeatedly, usually in an annoying or inconvenient way: ___________.
e) most extreme or important because either the original or final, or the best or worst:
______.
f) to make known or show something that is surprising or that was previously secret: -
______.
g) a lot of disagreement or argument about something: ____________.
15) Aşağıdaki cümleleri verilen kelimelerle doldurunuz.
a) ultimately b) variation c) distinctive d) variables

e) facial f) influential g) revealed h) immediately
1) The data was analysed according to neighbourhoods, but other key ________ like credit rating, job
history, savings and marital status were ignored altogether.
2) _________ after she'd gone, the boys started to mess about.
3) Everything will _______ depend on what is said at the meeting with the directors next week.
4) Unemployment rates among white-collar workers show much less regional ______ than corresponding
rates among blue-collar workers.
5) Her biography _________ that she was not as rich as everyone thought.
6) Especially after you have a bath, you should use some _____ cleansers and moisturizers in order to
comfort your skin.
7) There are two _________ factions within the one political party.
8) Johnson was __________ in persuading the producers to put money into the film.
Alıştırma 33: 10) C g- controversy

1) C 11) B 15) 1) variables
2) D 12) A 2) immediately
3) A 13) B 3) ultimately
4) A 14) a- revolutionize 4) variation
5) E b- propound 5) revealed
6) D c- mass 6) facial
7) E d- continually 7) distinctive
8) A e- ultimate 8) influential
9) D f- reveal
When Hollywood studios make a movie that's based ___(1)___ a book, many filmgoers are faced
___(2)___ a nagging question: Is it OK to see the movie if you ___(3)___ the book? Well, we're here to tell
you that it's nothing to be ashamed ___(4)___. But reading the book – before or after you see the movie –
will add countless details that ___(5)___ in the film version. Plus, you ___(6)___ as well discover some
interesting choices in the ___(7)___. The great marine explorer Jacques-Yves Cousteau once ___(8)___,
"The best way to observe fish is to become a fish." But if you can't dive to the ocean depths to "become a
fish," you can still test your oceanographic knowledge up here on dry land. With his millions in royalties
from worldwide sales of The Da Vinci Code ___(9)___ at 40 million copies and rising, Dan Brown could
probably get an extreme ___(10)___ and look just like the Mona Lisa. That would not only diminish his
chances of getting on Good Morning America; it'd also just be scary. ___(11)___, Brown owes much of his
success to the fascination ___(12)___ we have for some of history's greats: Leonardo da Vinci and Jesus
Christ.
1) A) for E) within
B) on
C) at 2) A) in
D) in B) for
C) onto
D) with 8) A) writes
E) to B) has written
C) wrote
3) A) hadn’t read D) would write
B) were reading E) is writing
C) would read
D) will have read 9) A) estimated
E) haven't read B) estimating
C) to estimate
4) A) on D) to be estimated
B) with E) having estimated
C) of
D) at 10) A) backup
E) in B) drive-in
5) A) must not have been included C) takeover
B) might not have included D) makeover
C) would not include E) dropout
D) should not include
E) may not have been included 11) A) At all costs
B) At a distance
6) A) might C) At any rate
B) can D) At hand
C) should E) At length
D) must
E) had better 12) A) -----
B) who
7) A) adoption C) whose
B) auction D) of which
C) abruptness E) when
D) adaptation
E) avail
Alıştırma 34: 4) C 8) C
1) B 5) E 9) A
2) D 6) A 10) D
3) E 7) D 11) A
(I) Charles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812, and spent the first ten years of his life in Kent, a
marshy region by/over the sea in the east of England. Dickens was the second of eight children. (II) His
father, John Dickens, was a kind and likely/likable man, but his financial irresponsibility placed him in/on
enormous debt and caused tremendous strain for/on his family. (III) When Charles was ten years old, his
family moved to London. Two years later, his father was arrested and thrown in debtors’ prison. Dickens’
mother moved into the prison with seven of her children. (IV) Only Charles lived outside the prison in order
to/in addition to earn money for the struggling family. He worked with other/another children for three
months pasting/pasted labels on bottles in a blacking warehouse, where/what the substance people used
to make boots black was manufactured. (V) His experiences on/at this warehouse inspired passages in/on
David Copperfield.
1) One point made in the passage is that D) had seven sisters and brother all of
Charles Dickens ______________. whom were sentenced to prison
because of their fathers’ debt
A) was mainly responsible for leading his E) recounted why his father was jailed in
family to financial problems his masterpiece David Copperfield
B) was the only person outside the prison
who helped the family in poverty make
their two ends meet 2) Which numbered statement in the passage
C) was sentenced to life imprisonment implies that the Dickens family was involved
together with his sisters and brothers in great poverty because of John Dickens?
Alıştırma 35: by / likable / in / on / in order

1) B to / other / pasting / where / at
2) B / in
(I) Oftentimes, magic is referred to the kind of knowledge that has/have been passed for/to humans by
celestial beings in ancient times. True, magic has followed humanity since its birth. (II) Traces of the so-
called "natural magic" can be found in burials of the Paleolithic era. Civilizations were appearing and
disappearing, Egyptian ancient Greek polytheism has been changed by/into solitary Gods of Israelites,
Muslims and Christians. (III) Time has made us forget/to forget names of cities, people, and catastrophes.
Magic remained. To survive/Having survived an unbelievable amount of centuries, this knowledge of
magic did not cease to exist along with mammoths and Neanderthals; it did not sink together with the great
Atlantis and was not consumed by the Great Flood. (IV) In times of antiquity it is possible to trace/tracing
gradual division of the science into materialistic and idealistic. The theory of self-knowledge divides into
positivism and mysticism. (V) Interestingly, knowledge of magic served as/to the basis of those trends. The
fact that Pythagoras, Democritus, Plato and other famous philosophers-materialists of those times did a lot
of travelling in order to/in addition to acquire more knowledge and gain full insight into magic and kept their
findings in secret, which/that serves as a distinctive proof of the above-mentioned statement.
1) The underlined word in the passage is D) the knowledge of magic disappeared; by
closest in meaning to ________. contrast, the mammoths and
Neanderthals continued to exist
A) frequently E) together with mammoths and
B) always Neanderthals, the knowledge of magic
C) merely continued to exist
D) rarely
E) basically 3) Which numbered statement in the passage
indicates that the magic as a science was
2) The underlined sentence in the passage studied under two points?
means that _________.
A) the knowledge of magic vanished soon
after the mammoths and Neanderthals 4) Which numbered statement in the passage
B) mammoths and Neanderthals couldn’t points out that positivism and mysticism had
manage to annihilate the knowledge of their roots in the knowledge of magic?
magic
C) whereas the mammoths and A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Neanderthals became extinct, the
knowledge of magic continued to exist
Alıştırma 36: 3) D has / to / by / forget / having
1) A 4) E survived / to trace / as / in
2) B order to / which
Having an operation can be a daunting experience, often because people are unprepared and do not know
what to expect. _______(1)________. Operations are sometimes referred to as surgery, or surgical
procedures. Having an operation does not necessarily mean that you will need to stay in hospital
overnight. ______(2)______. If you have a small operation as an outpatient, you will be given a local
anaesthetic to numb the area being operated on. Some hospitals also have day surgery units. Patients can
visit day surgery units for small operations and be allowed to return home later in the day or evening. For
more major operations, you may have to stay in hospital overnight or, in some cases for several nights.
_______(3)________. For major operations, a general anaesthetic will often be used. This means that you
will be unconscious (like being in a deep sleep) throughout the procedure. Operations are now safer,
simpler, and more successful than ever before. More surgery is being carried out as day surgery often
because of new techniques such as ‘keyhole’ surgery (known as minimally invasive surgery).
________(4)_______.
a) The length of time in hospital depends on the type of operation being performed, your general health,
medical history and any complications which may arise
b) Many small operations can be performed in a hospital’s outpatient department and you will be allowed
to go home afterwards
c) Much of this fear can be avoided by finding out what the operation involves before you go to hospital
d) This is far more convenient, less likely to disrupt your life and can greatly speed up your recovery time
Alıştırma 37: 1) c 2) b 3) a 4) d
___(1)____ . Among this ancient body of oral literature were myths and legends created to explain the
natural phenomena of night and day and the changing seasons. Ballads, sagas, and epic tales were told
by the fireside or in courts to an audience of adults and children eager to hear of the adventures of heroes.
___(2)____. The first literature written specifically for children was intended to instruct them. During the
Middle Ages the Venerable Bede, Aelfric, St. Aldhelm, and St. Anselm all wrote school texts in Latin, some
of which were later used in schools in England and colonial America. ___(3)____. The hornbook, invented
at the end of the 15th cent., taught children the alphabet, numerals, and the Lord's Prayer. Alphabet books
were popular in battledore and in chapbook form. The New England Primer taught the alphabet along with
prayers and religious exhortations. The first distinctly juvenile literature in England and the United States
consisted of gloomy and pious tales—mostly recounting the deaths of sanctimonious children—written for
the edification of Puritan boys and girls. ___(4)____ . Later works written for adults but adapted for
children were Daniel Defoe 's Robinson Crusoe and Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels. In 1729 the
English translation of Charles Perrault 's Tales of Mother Goose became popular in England. A collection
of Mother Goose rhymes was published in 1765 by John Newbery , an English author and bookseller.
Newbery was the first publisher to devote himself seriously to publishing for children. ___(5)____. Pirated
editions of Newbery's works were soon published in the United States by Isaiah Thomas and others.
___(6)____. This time the didacticism was of an intellectual and moralistic variety, as evidenced in the
sober, uplifting books of such authors as Thomas Day , Mary Sherwood, and Maria Edgeworth in England
and in the United States by Samuel Goodrich (pseudonym: Peter Parley) and Martha Finley (pseudonym:
Martha Farquarson), who wrote the famous Elsie Dinsmore series.
a) Many of these tales were later written down and are enjoyed by children today
b) Out of this period came one classic for both children and adults, John Bunyan 's Pilgrim's Progress
c) The earliest of what came to be regarded as children's literature was first meant for adults
d) Among his publications were A Pretty Little Pocket Book and The Renowned History of Little Goody
Two Shoes
e) By the end of the 18th cent., juvenile literature, partly under the influence of Locke and Rousseau, had
again become didactic
f) More enjoyable and enduring fare came later when William Caxton, England's first printer, published
Aesop's Fables and Sir Thomas Malory's Morte d'Arthur
Find the word in the passage from the definition given below.
a) for a particular reason, purpose, etc: ____________.
b) to give all of something, especially your time, effort or love, or yourself, to something you believe in or
to a person: ________________.
c) strongly encouraging or trying to persuade someone to do something: ______________.
d) great unhappiness and loss of hope: _________________.
e) a name which a person, such as a writer, uses instead of their real name, especially on their work:
________.
f) the improvement of the mind and understanding, especially by learning: ___________.
Alıştırma 38: b- devote e- pseudonym

1) c 2) a 3) b 4) e 5) d 6) f c- exhortation f- edification
a- specifically d- gloomy
Alıştırma 39: Aşağıdaki parçalardaki boşlukları uygun seçeneklerle doldurunuz ve akabinden ilgili soruları
cevaplayınız.
Tenzing Norgay Sherpa

The world would have given its acclaim to any climber who was first on the summit of the world's highest
mountain, but for Tenzing Norgay there was a special glory in this achievement. Over a period of nearly
twenty years, he had made himself a part of every expedition __(1)__ set out to put a man on the top of
Mt. Everest. He had climbed as a lowly porter and as a __(2)__ member of the climbing team. He had
accompanied large, confident armies __(3)__ the 1936 and 1953 British Everest Expeditions on their way
to the summit, but he had also gone to the mountain with a __(4)__ climber, Earl Denman, in 1947, on the
chance that Denman’s being alone __(5)__ him an opportunity to get to the top. By 1953, he probably
__(6)__ more time on Mt. Everest than any other human being - and had come closer to its summit. Only
months before his successful climb with Edmund Hillary, he and Raymond Lambert of the 1952 Swiss
expedition, had come __(7)__ 1,000 feet of the summit -- the highest point that anyone had reached until
then. Unlike most of his fellow Sherpas of the time __(8)__, by and large, climbing was just a challenging
way of making a living, Tenzing __(9)__ wanted to get to the summit of Mt. Everest and devoted most of
his life __(10)__ this goal. "For in my heart," he once said, "I needed to go . . . the pull of Everest was
stronger for me than any force on earth." If there was ever anyone who deserved to get there first, it was
Tenzing.
1) A) who B) respectful
B) when C) respectively
C) whose D) respect
D) in which E) irrespective
E) that
3) A) as
2) A) respected B) in that
C) even D) manually
D) such as E) sparsely
E) such
10) A) to
4) A) solitary B) for
B) talkative C) in
C) sociable D) at
D) fierce E) with
E) inductive
11) The underlined sentence in the paragraph
5) A) must give means that _____.
B) might give A) Anybody can get praise to be the first
C) should have given climber on the top of Everest, but Tenzing
D) would have given Norway has a special place
E) have to give B) Within the rank of being the first climber on
the top of Everest lies merely the name,
6) A) has spent Tenzing Norway
B) will spend C) There have been many mountaineers who
C) was going to spend climbed the top of Everest, but Tenzing
D) spends Norway became the first to have investigated
E) had spent the area
D) It can be said that everybody is capable of
7) A) onto climbing the Everest, but it is not available
B) into for the one Tenzing Norway
C) within E) It is possible for anyone to climb the Everest,
D) with but Tenzing Norway changed the meaning of
E) at this status in the world
8) A) whose 12) The underlined phrase in the paragraph is

B) in which closest in meaning to __________.
C) who
D) for whom A) proving right in every circumstance
E) where B) changing according to the situation
C) ranging from person to person
9) A) promisingly D) equipped with various styles
B) desperately E) generally, but not completely true
C) deductively
Alıştırma 39: 4) A 8) D
1) E 5) B 9) B
2) A 6) E 10) A
3) D 7) C 11) A
12) E
cevaplayınız.
Why is a hamburger called a hamburger although it contains no ham?

__(1)__ a trip to Asia in the early 1800s, a German merchant – it is said – noticed that the nomadic Tartars
softened their meat by __(2)__ it under their saddles. The motion of the horse pounded the meat to bits.
Then the Tartars __(3)__ it together and season it for eating. The idea of pounded beef found its way back
to the merchant's home town of Hamburg __(4)__ cooks broiled the meat and referred to it __(5)__
Hamburg meat. German immigrants introduced the recipe to the US. The term "hamburger" is believed
__(6)__ in 1834 on the menu from Delmonico's restaurant in New York, __(7)__ there is no surviving
recipe for the meal. The first mention in print of "Hamburg steak" was made in 1884 in the Boston Evening
Journal. The honour of producing the first proper hamburger goes to Charlie Nagreen of Seymour, WI. In
1885, Nagreen introduced the American hamburger at the Outgamie County Fair in Seymour. Seymour is
recognised as the hamburger capital of the world.
1) A) While B) like
B) During C) such
C) Though D) so
D) When E) even
E) Because
6) A) to appear
2) A) keeping B) to have appeared
B) preventing C) appearing
C) processing D) appeared
D) reasoning E) to be appearing
E) stopping
7) A) after
3) A) had scraped B) since
B) have scraped C) but
C) are going to scrape D) as
D) will be scraping E) if
E) would scrape
4) A) which
B) when
C) for which
D) in which
E) whose
5) A) as
8) As we understand from the paragraph,
people think that _____________. A) added different ingredients to the
preparation of hamburger
A) hamburger literally existed on the B) is the first cook to have introduced
menu of Delmonico’s restaurant in the hamburger to Germany
second quarter of the 19th century C) is known to have made the first real
B) even in the early 19th century, hamburger
hamburger used to be prepared in almost D) created a new recipe for the
every restaurant hamburger
C) the recipe of hamburger was created E) is a cook from whom many cooks in
by the cooks working in Delmonico’s England learned how to prepare hamburger
restaurant
D) the first written version of how a 10) The underlined word in the passage is
hamburger could be made was done in 1834 closest in meaning to __________.
E) hamburger gained great popularity in
1834 because nobody knew how to prepare it A) resort
B) apply
C) implement
9) It is pointed out in the passage that Charlie D) accord
Nagreen from Seymour, WI ___________. E) present
__(11)__, there is another claim to that throne. There is an account of Frank and Charles Menches who,
also in 1885, went to the Hamburg, New York county fair __(12)__ their famous pork sausage sandwiches.
But since the local meat market was __(13)__ pork sausage, they used ground beef instead. Alas, another
hamburger. The first account of serving ground meat patties on buns - taking on the look of the hamburger
__(14)__ we know it today - took place in 1904 at the St. Louis World Fair. But it was many years later, in
1921, __(15)__ an enterprising cook from Wichita, Kansas, Walt Anderson, introduced the concept of the
hamburger restaurant. He convinced financier Billy Ingram to invest $700 to create The White Castle
hamburger chain. It was a/an __(16)__ success. The rest of the history, we might say, belongs to
McDonald's. And, no, a hamburger does not have any ham in it. Well, it's not supposed to. Hamburger meat
usually __(17)__ of 70-80% beef, and fat and spices.
11) A) In addition to 12) A) for preparing

B) However B) to be prepared
C) Since C) preparing
D) Though D) being prepared
E) Consequently E) to prepare
13) A) out of D) where
B) from E) when
C) within
D) of 16) A) relevant
E) at B) consistent
C) instant
14) A) when D) inclusive
B) since E) reclusive
C) as
D) while 17) A) makes
E) before B) is making
C) was made
15) A) what D) had been made
B) that E) is made
C) which
18) One can understand from the passage that __________.
A) hamburger did not include pork when made at first, but later it came to contain after some years
B) the date when the first hamburger restaurant was erected is also the date when hamburger concept
was accepted
C) there passed a long period between the existence of a hamburger and that of its name as a
restaurant
D) today hamburger includes pork up to a certain extent and it is generally made of pounded meat
E) there are various methods in preparing the hamburger meal at Mc Donald’s restaurant
19) One point made about the preparation of hamburger is that ___________.
A) the cooks benefited from various recipes since there wasn’t any specific recipe
B) there happened many attempts to create real hamburger but all of them failed
C) several businessmen invested money into making a hamburger, but they all had great loss
D) it was meant to use pork at first while preparing hamburger, but later it was rejected since pork was
forbidden
E) Mc Donald’s restaurant is known to have made the first true hamburger recipe
20) The underlined word in the passage is closest in meaning to __________.
A) record
B) reason
C) cause
D) result
E) outcome
Alıştırma 40: 7)C 14) C

1)B 8)A 15) B
2)A 9)C 16) C
3)E 10) E 17) E
4)D 11) B 18) C
5)A 12) E 19) D
6)B 13) A 20) A
cevaplayınız.
Extra Sensory Perception – ESP

Many people are skeptical __(1)__ Extra Sensory Perception - ESP - and related states __(2)__ telepathy,
mind reading, clairvoyance etc. The main criticism has often been levelled at para-psychologists __(3)__
there may be a tendency to be fraudulent and to fake the results. The chief reason is lack of scientific
knowledge about ESP. __(4)__, it is indeed very difficult to accept such states without self-experience,
__(5)__ is difficult and rare to come by, by itself or without regular and adequate practice of controlling the
mind. A final criticism is that, for phenomena such as extrasensory perception and psychogenesis __(6)__
true, fundamental physical laws __(7)__ be broken! Some adopt the view that psychic phenomena are
outside the realm of science, whereas __(8)__ believe that breakthroughs in science might one day provide
explanations for such phenomena. The resultant awe associated with such 'superstitions and supernatural
display' makes people __(9)__ and fearful. In this confusing state, genuine extrasensory perceptions are
also designated as superstitious and fake and __(10)__ without any in-depth study.
1) A) for E) so
B) in
C) at 3) A) that
D) into B) which
E) about C) where
D) whose
2) A) such E) whom
B) like
C) as 4) A) First of all
D) even B) Finally
C) Albeit E) would have to
D) Secondly
E) However 8) A) others
B) the others
5) A) that C) another
B) when D) each other
C) which E) the other
D) who
E) why 9) A) comprehensive
B) exhaustive
6) A) to be C) relative
B) being D) subsequent
C) been E) apprehensive
D) was
E) will be 10) A) were neglected
B) neglected
7) A) will be able to C) are neglected
B) would have D) had neglected
C) will E) have neglected
D) could have
11) It is pointed out in the passage that many people have doubts about the phenomenon ESP
_____________.
A) mainly because scientific explorations haven’t yielded accurate information about it, yet
B) though there are a lot of scientific experiments about its importance
C) whereas some definitely insist that telepathy provides great benefits for the scientists
D) partly because scientists haven’t made sufficient innovations related to superstitions
E) but they themselves have tried to experience these inexplicable events
12) One can understand from the passage that ___________.
A) nobody has any comment on the existence of superstitious beings

B) generally people ignore extrasensory perceptions even if they are real in fact because of the
common confusion
C) there hasn’t been any precise definition of the extrasensory perceptions even though scientists
have put forward many
D) due to the intense confusion about the extrasensory perceptions, people would like to examine this
subject
E) scientists are expected to dissuade people from believing in the extrasensory perceptions
__(13)__ hundreds of carefully studied cases and laboratory experiments __(14)__ recently that ESP
(telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition, etc.) exists – but what does all this mean? Primarily, there is
__(15)__ to man than we have known. We have the data, and they are strong and clear. But they could not
exist if man were only what we have believed him to be. If he __(16)__ only flesh and bone, if he worked on
the same type of principle as a machine, if he were really as separate from all others __(17)__ we have
thought, it would be impossible for him to do the things we know he sometimes __(18)__. A new concept of
man, a new way of looking at others and ourselves, knowledge __(19)__ there is more to man than our old
concepts allow, is __(20)__ demonstrated in these facts. And that is the real importance of extrasensory
perceptions.
13) A) Much 17) A) when

B) Many B) while
C) Little C) like
D) Any D) than
E) More E) as
14) A) had established 18) A) did

B) were established B) would do
C) will have established C) had done
D) established D) does
E) have established E) will do
15) A) far more 19) A) what

B) a lot of B) where
C) much less C) that
D) the most D) which
E) fewer E) whose
16) A) is 20) A) scientifically

B) were B) sceptically
C) had been C) inversely
D) has been D) relatively
E) are E) erroneously
21) It is clear from the passage that ESP ________________.

A) is real in accordance with the investigations carried out in the last time
B) has come into existence as a result of the need to understand the real meaning of some mysteries
C) arises in one’s life only when he sees inexplicable events happening every day
D) provides us with various information about the hidden fact of the mysterious events throughout the
world
E) emerges merely in people with special skills which make them far more different than others
22) It is suggested in the passage that mankind __________.
A) has put forward several innovations based on ESP throughout history

B) used to be quite impressed with the rumours about the existence of ESP
C) is in fact rather different from what we know about
D) bears close resemblance to a miraculous being in many ways
E) is a complex structure including highly different elements
23) The underlined phrase in the paragraph refers to ____.
A) laboratory experiments
B) man
C) ESP (telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition, etc)
D) studied cases
E) the data
Alıştırma 41: 8) A 16) B

1) E 9) E 17) E
2) B 10) C 18) D
3) A 11) A 19) C
4) D 12) B 20) A
5) C 13) B 21) A
6) A 14) E 22) C
7) E 15) A 23) E
Word Formation (1): Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word given in every line.
die/vary Weddings:
begin To dream of a wedding is a sign of a ________ and a funeral. There are _____ other
necessary meanings, but this one has been important as they symbolize new ______, but only at the
cost of the death of the former 'life'. This death could mean several types of endings, not
_______ that of the body.
imply Bananas:
nourish Freud suggested that all such objects have varied _______. However, all types of food
bring up issues of ______. In the world of classic or superstition-based dream
interpretations, eating bananas suggests a period of hard work but little reward. Spoiled fruit
usually suggests "spoiled" situations or friendships.
accomplish Crown (gold):

interpret A crown made of gold and jewels symbolizes power, honour, and status. It could also
congratulate symbolize an ________ or a passage into higher levels of consciousness or spiritual
circle awareness. When _______ this dream, pay attention to what kind of crown it is and who is
complete wearing it. This dream may be ________, (i.e. esteem for a job well done). Different types
of crowns may have varying meanings (e.g. Jesus had a crown of thorns and was a
martyr). All crowns are _____ and in that way they bring up issues of _______ and
wholeness and point to the centre of personality.
differ Friends (friend):

emotion Our dreams are full of symbolism with their messengers being all ______ types of people. It
comfort is very common to dream about our friends. These are individual that are ______ valuable
to us and we learn about ourselves through them. Dreams are very rarely prophetic, thus
whether your dream was good or bad, do not expect it to come true. This dream is more
than likely to attempt to bring up ______ feelings that you have about yourself or others.
Game (entertainment):
total People dream about all different types of games. Some are simple and borrowed from daily
react life, like basketball or Monopoly. Other games in dreams are bizarre, incredible, _____
compete unrealistic, and some are even sadistic. To interpret the dream, you must consider its
origin greater context and your emotional ______ in it. Some games are simply a form of
consider entertainment from your unconscious. You may be having fun in your dream. This is not all
interact that common, but it does happen from time to time. Other "game" dreams may represent
the challenges in your life, your ______ nature, or your childishness. They may point out
goals to be achieved or are a simple way to let out steam. The game in your dream could
also represent "the game of life." This is not an ______ thought on my part, but it deserves
attention and _______. If you are playing a strange game with people from your daily life,
consider your _______ with them and the role that each individual plays.
fame One _______ medieval philosopher Henry Cornelius Agrippa in his work "The Occult
Philosophy" talked about magic in the following way: "Magic encompasses unique aspects of
universe the most mystical things, _______ knowledge. It teaches us to differentiate things from one
similar another and to find _______ between them. Magic is a possibility; it possesses tremendous
power and is full of immense mysteries." Magical knowledge is inherited in every single one of
us; it is in the human's nature. To exist _______ throughout the entire planet, humans have to
separat have an inborn magical knowledge. Otherwise we would have already died out. Therefore, we
e can all be called magicians! Today, however, the "magician" within us had to make way for a
civilized, rationally-thinking person.
inherit After an _______ gave John Dickens enough money to free himself from/in his debt and
from prison, Charles attended school for two years at Wellington House Academy. He
report became a law clerk, then a newspaper _______, and finally a novelist. His first novel, The
Pickwick Papers, met to/with huge popular success. Dickens was a literary _____
celebrate throughout England for the rest of his life. In 1849, Dickens began to write David
Copperfield, a novel based for/on his early life experiences. Like Dickens, David works as a
child, pasting labels onto/into bottles. David also becomes first a law clerk, then a reporter,
succeed and finally a ______ novelist. Mr. Micawber is a satirical version of Dickens’s father, a
likable man who can never scrape together the money he needs. Many of the secondary
characters spring for/from Dickens’s experiences as a young man in financial distress in
London. In later years, Dickens called David Copperfield his “favourite child,” and many
critics consider the novel to be one of his best _____ of childhood. Dickens’ other works
depict include Oliver Twist, Nicholas Nickelby, and A Christmas Carol. Perhaps his best known
novel, Great Expectations shares many thematic ______ with David Copperfield. Dickens
died in Kent on June 9, 1870, at the age of fifty-eight. David Copperfield is set in early
similar Victorian England against a backdrop of great social change. The Industrial Revolution of
the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries had transformed the social landscape
and enabled capitalists and manufacturers amassing/to amass huge fortunes. Although the
Industrial Revolution increased social mobility, the gap between rich and poor remained
wide. London, a teeming mass of ______ lit by gas lamps at night and darkened by sooty
clouds from smokestacks during the day, rose in dark contrast to Britain’s _____ populated
human rural areas. More and more people moved from the country to the city in/for search of the
opportunities that technological innovation promised. But this ______ overpopulated the
sparse already crowded cities, and poverty, disease, hazardous factory conditions, and housing
became widespread. Dickens acutely observed these phenomena of the Industrial
migrate Revolution and used them as the sheet on/in which he painted David Copperfield and his
other urban novels.
Find the word in the passage from the definition given below.
a) describes a person who is pleasant and easy to like. ____________.

b) to stick something to something, especially with glue. _________.
c) dangerous. ________.
d) to manage with great difficulty to collect enough of something, especially money. ___________.
e) to get a large amount of something, especially money or information, by collecting it over a long period.
_________.
Word Formation (1) reaction / competitive / original humanity / sparsely /

death / various / beginnings / / consideration / interactions migration
necessarily / implications / Word Formation (2) Word study: from / with / on /
nourishment / famous / universal / into / from / to amass / in / on
accomplishment / similarities / separately
interpreting / congratulated / Word Formation (3)
circular / completeness / inheritance / reporter /
different / emotionally / celebrity / successful /
comfortable / totally / depictions / similarities /
a- likable d- scrape together
b- paste e- amass
c- dangerous
PARÇA İÇERİSİNDEKİ KELİMELER
Alıştırma1: Fill in the following blanks in the passage with the words given below in the list.
FAIRY TALE
a) many b) despised c) byword d) scorned e) unfit
f) extravagantly g) enchanting h) unpromising i) allusive j) meaningless
Fairy tale master Hans Christian Andersen was born on this date in 1805. The man who began ___(1)___ a
story with the ___(2)___ words "Once upon a time" also gave adults a few ___(3)___ phrases to carry into
adulthood. The Ugly Duckling tells the now-classic story of the duckling ___(4)___ by everyone (except his
mother) because of his odd and ___(5)___ appearance. Eventually he turns into "the most beautiful swan of
all," but the ugly duckling never forgets "how it felt to be ___(6)___ and teased," and he is never cruel to
creatures who are different from those around them. Since the late 1800s, the term ugly duckling has been
a ___(7)___ for someone despised or neglected because of unpromising qualities but who has great
potential. In Andersen's tale The Emperor's New Clothes, the clothes-loving emperor is sold a new set of
clothes by a pair of scoundrels who assure him the clothes are invisible to simpletons and to people
___(8)___ for their office. Because no one wants to be thought a fool, the clothes are ___(9)___ praised
and the emperor parades around naked until an innocent child pipes up with the truth—that the emperor is
wearing no clothes. Nowadays, the emperor's new clothes is a metaphor for something ___(10)___, or
wrong that is automatically, uncritically agreed with.
Alıştırma 2: Fill in the following blanks in the passage with the words given below in the list.
a) dispose b) aftermath c) submerging d) thanks e) regain
f) recede g) debris h) wakes i) process j) uprooting
k) evacuating l) inaccurate m) precautions n) strengthened o) advance
___(1)___ to modern science, meteorologists are now usually able to predict tropical storms early enough
so that people in the storm's path can be warned in ___(2)___ . If it looks like the storm could be a serious
one, people can take ___(3)___ like boarding up their houses or ___(4)___ low-lying coastal areas.
Severe tropical storms plough through the countryside, leaving a path of devastation in their ___(5)___.
Winds lash coastal communities, ___(6)___ trees, ripping off roofs and collapsing buildings in the
___(7)___. A storm may abate temporarily as it moves inland only to ___(8)___ its full fury as it hits open
water again. Torrential rains accompanying the storm swell rivers and the surging waters then overflow river
banks, ___(9)___ the surrounding area, and isolating communities until the flood waters ___(10)___.
Rescue workers begin looking for victims as soon as the storm subsides enough to make it safe for them to
do so. They comb the ___(11)___ for survivors, assist the injured and, if necessary, ___(12)___ of the
bodies of those who perish to prevent epidemics. Emergency hospitals and temporary morgues are set up.
Appeals for blood donations are made through the media. The first statistics concern the number of dead
and injured. In the confused ___(13)___ of a storm, however, the first casualty tolls are usually ___(14)___,
and it may be days, even weeks before the true figures are known. The same is true of damage estimates.
If there has been serious loss of life and property, people naturally turn their attention to how to prevent
similar occurrences in the future. While there is little they can do to prevent tropical storms, they can
minimise their effects. Warning systems can be improved, emergency shelters provided, flood walls built or
___(15)___, pumps installed, storm insurance plans introduced, and, most importantly, people can be
educated on how to deal with disasters when they happen.
Alıştırma3: Choose the correct adjective from the pair to complete the sentence.
1- What are we going to do tonight? I'm so ________ (bored/boring) just sitting here watching TV. Let's go
out and do something ________ (exciting/excited)
2- Did you watch that ________ (interesting/interested) documentary on TV last night?
3- If you don't mind my saying. I think his ________ (baffled/baffling) attitude is due to the fact that he isn't
________ (interested/interesting) enough in his studies.
4- The ________ (astonished/astonishing) fact that almost 20% of Americans are obese is, in part, due to
the fact that they eat too much junk food.
5- His abilities were so ________ (amazed/amazing) that people travel led from far away to hear him play.
6- ________ (excited/exciting) particles in the nucleus centre caused a chemical transformation.
7- I was ________ (humoured / humouring) by his reply to my question.
8- Do you find that so ________ (surprised/surprising)?
9- I'd really hate to see him loose because of his ________ (shocked/shocking) lack of preparation.
10- One of his favourite colours is ________ (shocked/shocking) pink.
a) adversaries b) form c) result d) kind e) succeed
f) virtually g) mediate h) grievance i) destruction j) extreme
k) identifies l) consider m) disputes n) faced o) neighbouring
If you think about it, a large percentage of news stories involve disputes of some ___(1)___. Strikes, nasty
divorces, protests, and wars are all forms of ___(2)___. Since they can be dramatic and affect large
numbers of people, such stories appear in the newspaper ___(3)___ every day. All disputes have basic
similarities and this makes it easy to ___(4)___ a plan for reading about them. Below are some of the
factors you should ___(5)___ in reading a story about a dispute. Disputes have at least two opposing sides
and at least one ___(6)___. Thus, to understand a dispute you must find the information which ___(7)___
the opposing sides and explains why they are in disagreement. Disputes begin with a grievance and usually
move through a number of stages before reaching a resolution. If the process is peaceful, the ___(8)___
rely heavily on discussions and negotiations to gain an agreement. They may even bring in outsiders to
___(9)___. If necessary they may use the courts—or perhaps even an election. Particularly bitter disputes,
however, can ___(10)___ in violence. Disputes can be resolved through compromises or they can favour
one side over another. In the most extreme cases, one of the adversaries may suffer total defeat, even
___(11)___. Adversaries try to gain advantages in even the most peaceful disputes. They do this in many
ways, but most disputes reported in the Bangkok Post involve some type of pressure. Individuals or groups
may threaten demonstrations, boycotts, legal action, strikes or even violence. And if they don’t ___(12)___
in winning their demands, they are quite likely to carry out these threats. Their opponents may make
counter-threats of their own and they, too, have a whole set of tactics available. Companies ___(13)___
with a strike, for example, may lock out their employees. Governments may jail protesters and, in
___(14)___ cases, countries may take up arms against a disagreeable ___(15)___ country. All this, of
course, makes news.
PEARLS
a) substances b) produced c) coats d) as well as e) Contrary
f) shell g) commonly h) intrusion i) Instead j) Nevertheless
Unlike gemstones ___(1)___ deep inside the Earth, pearls are created by living creatures called molluscs.
Molluscs ___(2)___ have a soft body and a hard exterior shell. These animals live in marine and
freshwater habitats ___(3)___ on land. Any mollusc that produces a shell can produce a pearl. ___(4)___,
naturally occurring pearls are found in perhaps one of every 10,000 animals. ___(5)___ to popular belief,
pearls hardly ever result from the ___(6)___ of a grain of sand into an oyster's shell. ___(7)___, a pearl
forms when an irritant such as a wayward food particle becomes trapped in the mollusc. The animal
senses the object and ___(8)___ it with layers of aragonite and conch Olin, producing pearls. These two
materials are the same ___(9)___ the animal uses to build its ___(10)___.
LARRY KING
a) quit b) appeared c) celebrities d) possibly e) sweeping
f) refused g) around h) of i) reach j) with
"All the other kids were going to college, and I was working at the United Parcel Service. I was always
telling everyone, "I want to be a broadcaster." My best friend's father would put his arms around me and
say, 'What, are you crazy? You're not going to be Arthur Godfrey. Get a job ___(1)___ a future!'" All his
life, young Larry Zeiger had dreamed ___(2)___ being on the radio. With no father, no money, bad grades
and no chance for going to college, it ___(3)___ that his dream would remain just that. But the young man
from Brooklyn ___(4)___ to give up. When he heard there were openings at radio stations in Miami,
Florida, he ___(5)___ his job and bought a bus ticket. In Miami, he slept on his uncle's living room sofa
and knocked on the door of every station in South Florida. The best job he could find was ___(6)___ floors
at the smallest station in town, but he took it and learned everything he could about the radio business.
When his chance came, he was ready. Today, Larry Zeiger is Larry King, ___(7)___ the best-known
broadcast personality in the world. His CNN phone-in show Larry King Live is seen by millions ___(8)___
the world, and is the chosen venue for media ___(9)___ and political leaders who wish to ___(10)___ the
largest possible audience: Larry King's audience.
HEALTH INSURANCE
a) promotes b) designed c) lowering d) protects
e) caused f) seek g) would h) average
Health insurance is insurance ___(1)___ to meet the costs of sickness and disability. Health insurance
pays for physicians, hospitals, and other providers of medical services. By so doing it ___(2)___ people
from financial hardship ___(3)___ by large medical bills. Some people believe that health insurance also
___(4)___ good health; by ___(5)___ the personal cost of services, insurance may induce individuals to
___(6)___ medical care earlier than they otherwise ___(7)___, thereby heading off potentially serious
consequences. For the poor and sick there is some evidence of this, but little evidence exists for the
___(8)___ person.
ALL ABOUT OZONE
a) altitudes b) to ultraviolet c) primarily d) depletion e) yet
radiation
f) play g) relatively h) conspire i) where j) estimate
k) incidence l) absence m) to strike n) by 5 percent o) diverse
Ozone is a ___(1)___ simple molecule, consisting of three oxygen atoms bound together. ___(2)___ it has
dramatically different effects depending upon its location. Near Earth's surface, ___(3)___ ozone comes
into direct contact with life forms, it ___(4)___ displays a destructive side. Because it reacts strongly with
other molecules, large concentrations of ozone near the ground prove toxic to living things. At higher
___(5)___, where 90 percent of our planet's ozone resides, it does a remarkable job of absorbing
ultraviolet radiation. In the ___(6)___ of this gaseous shield in the stratosphere, the harmful radiation has a
perfect portal through which ___(7)___ Earth. Although a combination of weather conditions and CFC
chemistry ___(8)___ to create the thinnest ozone levels in the sky above the South Pole, CFCs are mainly
released at northern latitudes--mostly from Europe, Russia, Japan, and North America--and ___(9)___ a
leading role in lowering ozone concentrations around the globe. Worldwide monitoring has shown that
stratospheric ozone has declined for at least two decades, with losses of about 10 percent in the winter
and spring and 5 percent in the summer and autumn in such ___(10)___ locations as Europe, North
America, and Australia. Researchers now find ___(11)___ over the North Pole as well, and the problem
seems to be getting worse each year. According to a United Nations report, the annual dose of harmful
ultraviolet radiation striking the northern hemisphere rose ___(12)___ during the past decade. During the
past 40 years, the world has seen an alarming increase in the incidence of malignant skin cancer; the rate
today is tenfold higher than in the 1950s. Although the entire increase cannot be blamed on ozone loss
and increased exposure ___(13)___, there is evidence of a relationship. Scientists ___(14)___ that for
each 1 percent decline in ozone levels, humans will suffer as much as a 2 to 3 percent increase in the
___(15)___ of certain skin cancers.
ELIZABETH I
a) hope b) however c) initially d) famous e) manipulator
f) suspicion g) despite h) marriage i) executed j) reign
k) affectionate l) especially m) conflict n) unfailing o) thus
Elizabeth I, queen of England from 1558 to 1603, is ___(1)___ for the glamour of her court and the
success of her policies. She was born on Sept. 7, 1533, the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife,
Anne Boleyn. Henry, who had just had his ___(2)___ to Catherine of Aragon annulled and married Anne in
the ___(3)___ of giving birth to a male heir, was ___(4)___ disappointed at Elizabeth's birth. He soon
convinced himself; ___(5)___, that Anne would eventually produce a son. When she failed to do so and
when ___(6)___ of infidelity was cast upon her, she was ___(7)___ in 1536. Elizabeth ___(8)___ grew up
without a mother's care, although Henry's last wife, Catherine Parr, was for a time an ___(9)___
stepmother. Elizabeth was unusually intelligent and well educated. She knew a number of modern
languages as well as classical Latin and was able to surprise foreign ambassadors by replying in their own
tongues. She also loved music and played the virginal. Elizabeth had a nearly ___(10)___ understanding
of human character and chose her chief advisors, ___(11)___ William Cecil and Sir Francis Walsingham,
wisely. Her ability to hold together the two rival fractions within her council helped secure the loyalty and
service of both. She was an adroit ___(12)___ of Parliament and grew to be loved deeply by its members,
___(13)___ increasing ___(14)___ with the Commons toward the end of her ___(15)___.
AGEING
a) considerably b) as to c) from d) inevitably e) accumulate
f) among g) passage h) with i) deficits j) aging
Ageing, in biology, is combination of changes in an organism that appear to occur ___(1)___ and
irreversibly with the ___(2)___ of time, eventually resulting in death. Such changes vary ___(3)___ in time
and severity of occurrence among different species and ___(4)___ one individual organism to the next.
___(5)___ humans they include a decrease in tissue flexibility, loss of some nerve cells, hardening of the
blood vessels, and general decrease in body tone. Biologists concerned ___(6)___ aging may investigate
such changes, or they may focus on bodily ___(7)___ and disabilities that ___(8)___ with age but that
appear to result more directly from disease, stress, or environmental trauma. No scientific consensus
exists ___(9)___ the true nature of the ___(10)___ process.
FAMILY
a) consisting b) distant c) unstable d) where e) both
f) adjustment g) whose h) by i) overly j) addition
k) increasingly l) traditionally m) which
The family has ___(1)___ provided a set of values and the setting ___(2)___ young people can observe
and begin to learn adult ways of behaviour. The extended family of previous generations, ___(3)___ often
included grandparents and relatives as ___(4)___ as nieces and nephews, has in many Western countries
given way to the nuclear family unit, ___(5)___ of parents and one or two children. In modern industrial
societies, however, the nuclear family has come to seem relatively ___(6)___, as divorce grows ___(7)___
common and many children reach adolescence with only one parent. In ___(8)___ to other unfavourable
conditions, rapid social changes have weakened the continuity of life experience and values between the
generations, and adolescents may often view their parents as having little capacity to guide them in their
___(9)___ to the larger world. The conflict that sometimes results from differing parent-adolescent
perceptions is called the "generation gap." Such conflict is ___(10)___ no means inevitable and is less
likely to characterize families in which ___(11)___ adolescents and parents have been exposed to the
same new ideas and values. Other parental characteristics likely to influence adolescents include social
class, the pattern of equality or dominance between mother and father, and the consistency with which
parental control is exercised. Young people with parents ___(12)___ guidance is firm, consistent, and
rational tend to possess greater self-confidence than those whose parents are either ___(13)___
permissive or authoritarian.
FAINTING
a) fatigue b) associated c) circulation d) placed e) disturbance
Fainting is sudden dizziness or weakness accompanied by brief loss of consciousness, ___(1)___ with
insufficient oxygen in the brain. The cause is usually a ___(2)___ in blood circulation due to ___(3)___,
pain, shock, abnormal blood pressure, arterial blockage, or heart failure. The person fainting should be
___(4)___ in a position that will quickly bring blood to the brain, and other aid to blood ___(5)___ should
be provided. The cause of fainting should be quickly determined so that further appropriate action can be
taken.
LEGEND
a) differs b) early c) rather d) grown e) historically
f) recounted g) developed h) heroic i) contemporary j) as though
Legend is a traditional narrative or collection of related narratives, popularly regarded as ___(1)___ factual
but actually a mixture of fact and fiction. The Medieval Latin word legenda means “things for reading.”
During certain services of the ___(2)___ Christian church, legenda, or lives of the saints, were read aloud.
A legend is set in a specific place at a specific time; the subject is often a ___(3)___ historical personage.
A legend ___(4)___ from a myth by portraying a human hero ___(5)___ than one who is a god. Legends,
originally oral, have been ___(6)___ into literary masterpieces. Among the most famous legends of all time
are the classic epics the Iliad and the Odyssey of ancient Greece and the Aeneid of ancient Rome. From
the Middle Ages come legends about Arthur, king of the Britons; Charlemagne; and the German alchemist
Faust. In modern times legends have ___(7)___ around such presidents of the United States as George
Washington and Abraham Lincoln. ___(8)___ legend usually deals with leading figures in the world of
sports, motion pictures, and popular music. Another type of contemporary legend, the urban legend, is
___(9)___—sometimes even in newspapers—___(10)___ it were true, but its patterns and motifs indicate
that it is a folktale. Urban legends address the concerns and anxieties of urban living.
CLIMATE
a) neither b) traced c) for example d) seasonally e) as
f) productivity g) although h) extreme i) determines j) major
Climate, the long-term atmospheric conditions of a region, ___(1)___ the cropping possibilities in an area.
Rice grows in a wet, tropical climate, ___(2)___, and wheat grows in drier, temperate climates. ___(3)___
of these crops grows well in the climate that favours the other. Weather is the daily expression of climate
and can change greatly from day to day or ___(4)___. Weather patterns may occasionally set limits or
cause catastrophic losses in agricultural ___(5)___, even in generally favourable climates. Famines in
Bangladesh, China, and the Sahel can be ___(6)___ to such erratic weather patterns as high or low
precipitation in climatic zones that otherwise produce successful crop yields. Climates, ___(7)___ relatively
stable, also change over time. In the Northern Hemisphere, for example, climatic patterns appear to be
increasingly more ___(8)___, and some experts have predicted serious agricultural consequences--
___(9)___, for example, the ___(10)___ floods in the Midwestern United States in 1993.
MIGRATIONS
a) adverse b) deterioration c) either d) to which e) uninhabitable
f) preceding g) considered h) response
A group of people may migrate in ___(1)___ to the lure of a more favourable region or because of some
___(2)___ condition or combination of conditions in the home environment. Most historians believe that
non-nomadic peoples are disinclined to leave the places ___(3)___ they are accustomed, and that most
historic and prehistoric migrations were stimulated by a ___(4)___ of home conditions. This belief is
supported by records of the events ___(5)___ most major migrations. The specific stimuli for migrations
may be ___(6)___ natural or social causes. Among the natural causes are changes in climate, stimulating
a search for warmer or colder lands; volcanic eruptions or floods that make sizable areas ___(7)___; and
periodic fluctuations in rainfall. Social causes, however, are generally ___(8)___ to have prompted many
more migrations than natural causes.
BEST COMPANIONS
a) purpose b) noted c) particularly d) potentially e) long
f) effort g) through h) designed
Guide dogs are trained to act as guides for their blind masters. Although dogs had ___(1)___ been used to
help the blind, the formal training of dogs for this ___(2)___ began only in 1916 in Germany, in an
___(3)___ to help those blinded during World War I. Many organizations now train guide dogs, using
breeds ___(4)___ for their intelligence, responsiveness, and even temperament, ___(5)___ German
shepherds and Labrador and golden retrievers. The dog begins a 3-to-5-month period of intensive training
when it is about a year old. It learns to obey basic commands; is taught how to bring its future master
safely ___(6)___ crowds, traffic, and other ___(7)___ hazardous obstacles; learns to disobey commands
that will bring its master into danger; and becomes accustomed to its leather harness, which is ___(8)___
to allow its owner to feel the dog's movements.
CRIME AND PUNISHMENT
a) so b) despite c) requiring d) disparity e) in which
f) severity g) embezzled h) burglary i) status j) attitudes
Ideally, the punishment for crimes should be scaled according to the ___(1)___ of the offences. Murder,
for example, is widely considered an offence ___(2)___ the death penalty--___(3)___ case it is called a
capital offence--or life imprisonment. Some harmful offences, however, do not bring ___(4)___ serious a
punishment as others. White-collar offences, ___(5)___ the fact that they often involve large sums of
money and affect great numbers of people, commonly bring shorter terms of imprisonment than such
offences as armed robbery or ___(6)___. The reason for this ___(7)___ is often the social status of the
offender: A bank president who has ___(8)___ bank funds is not usually viewed as a common criminal.
Thus public ___(9)___ and socio-economic ___(10)___ affect the severity of punishment.
PESTS
a) amount b) hazards c) frequently d) make up e) unfavourable
f) alternative g) prevented h) management i) collectively j) disrupt
Once a crop has been established, it is ___(1)___ threatened by populations of insects, weeds, and
disease-causing organisms. Annual global losses from these pests ___(2)___ to 20-40% of potential
production, an amount of loss that if ___(3)___ could easily ___(4)___ for shortfalls in food production in
food-deficit areas of the world. In wealthier nations pests have typically been controlled by chemical
pesticides. These compounds, however, can cause environmental damage, ___(5)___ natural biological
cycles, and present ___(6)___ to human health if improperly used. Nevertheless, chemical pesticides and
their accompanying potential hazards are being introduced into developing regions of the world. ___(7)___
pest-control strategies that reduce dependence on chemical materials are also under development. These
strategies, known ___(8)___ as Integrated Pest Management, often include a combination of tools: crop
breeding for genetic resistance to pests, the use of biological pest-control agents, and careful ___(9)___
practices designed to create environments ___(10)___ to pest organisms.
Alıştırma 1 6 Uprooting 7 Humoured

1 Many 7 Process 8 Surprising
2 Enchanting 8 Regain 9 Shocking
3 Allusive 9 Submerging 10 Shocking
4 Scorned 10 Recede
5 Unpromising 11 Debris Alıştırma 4
6 Despised 12 Dispose 1 Kind
7 Byword 13 Aftermath 2 Disputes
8 Unfit 14 Inaccurate 3 Virtually
9 Extravagantly 15 Strengthened 4 Form
10 meaningless 5 Consider
Alıştırma 3 6 Grievance
Alıştırma 2 1 Bored / exciting Q Identifies
1 Thanks 2 Interesting 8 Adversaries
2 Advance 3 Baffling / interested 9 Mediate
3 Precautions 4 Astonishing 10 Result
4 Evacuating 5 Amazing 11 Destruction
5 Wakes 6 Excited 12 Succeed
13 Faced 8 Conspire 7 Increasingly
14 Extreme 9 Play 8 Addition
15 Neighbouring 10 Diverse 9 Adjustment
11 Depletion 10 By
Alıştırma 5 12 By 5 percent 11 Both
1 Produced 13 To ultraviolet 12 Whose
2 Commonly radiation 13 Overly
3 As well as 14 Estimate
4 Nevertheless 15 Incidence Alıştırma 12
5 Contrary 1 Associated
6 Intrusion Alıştırma 9 2 Disturbance
7 Instead 1 Famous 3 Fatigue
8 Coats 2 Marriage 4 Placed
9 Substances 3 Hope 5 Circulation
10 Shell 4 Initially
5 However Alıştırma 13
Alıştırma 6 6 Suspicion 1 Historically
1 With 7 Executed 2 Early
2 Of 8 Thus 3 Heroic
3 Appeared 9 Affectionate 4 Differs
4 Refused 10 Unfailing 5 Rather
5 Quit 11 Especially 6 Developed
6 Sweeping 12 Manipulator 7 Grown
7 Possibly 13 Despite 8 Contemporary
8 Around 14 Conflict 9 Recounted
9 Celebrities 15 Resign 10 As though
10 Reach
Alıştırma 10 Alıştırma14
Alıştırma 7 1 Inevitably 1 Determines
1 Designed 2 Passage 2 For example
2 Protects 3 Considerably 3 Neither
3 Caused 4 From 4 Seasonally
4 Promotes 5 Among 5 Productivity
5 Lowering 6 With 6 Traced
6 Seek 7 Deficits 7 Although
7 Would 8 Accumulate 8 Extreme
8 Average 9 As to 9 As
10 Aging 10 major
Alıştırma 8
1 Relatively Alıştırma 11 Alıştırma 15
2 Yet 1 Traditionally 1 Response
3 Where 2 Where 2 Adverse
4 Primarily 3 Which 3 To which
5 Altitudes 4 Distant 4 Deterioration
6 Absence 5 Consisting 5 Preceding
7 To strike 6 Unstable 6 Either
7 Uninhabitable
8 considered
Alıştırma 16
1 Long
2 Purpose
3 Effort
4 Noted
5 Particularly
6 Through
7 Potentially
8 designed
Alıştırma 17:
1 Severity
2 Requiring
3 In which
4 So
5 Despite
6 Burglary
7 Disparity
8 Embezzled
9 Attitudes
10 Status
Alıştırma 18
1 Frequently
2 Amount
3 Prevented
4 Make up
5 Disrupt
6 Hazards
7 Alternative
8 Collectively
9 Management
10 Unfavourably
VOCABULARY TEST 5) It is no _________ for me to meet you at the
airport on Tuesday as I’m busy that day
1) David made me so angry that I couldn’t anyway.
_______ saying something rude to him.
A) utility
A) retain B) regret
B) apply C) sacrifice
C) resist D) convenience
D) discuss E) comparison
E) reject
6) In developing countries, only basic foodstuffs
2) Because they are often friendly by nature, such as rice and wheat are ___________ for
dogs are one of the easiest animals to the majority of the population as they are so
_______. poor.
A) contest A) enviable
B) deceive B) nutritious
C) tame C) affordable
D) receive D) persistent
E) compel E) scarce
3) Even in his early years, Einstein was 7) The players’___________ was very high
recognized as a very _______ child with before the match as they were all confident
many talents. that they could win.
A) offended A) routine
B) satisfied B) rehearsal
C) gifted C) perception
D) amused D) charm
E) limited E) morale
4) Water is produced when two parts hydrogen 8) Thanks to technological advances, many
and one part oxygen _________ to form a films today have quite extraordinary
molecule. ________ effects which can look just like the
real thing.
A) combine
B) graduate A) tactful
C) attain B) visual
D) envelop C) swift
E) devise
D) legible
E) sensitive 13) The young man was sent to a mental
institution as he was no longer __________
9) When she returned from her holiday in the and was a danger to himself and others.
Bahamas, Lucy had a deep brown ______
and looked healthy. A) rough
B) refined
A) affection C) sane
B) temperature D) declined
C) imitation E) idle
D) complexion
E) attitude 14) The oil tanker that sank last week left
thousands of tons of oil, which __________
10) It is the right of every __________ in a nearby beaches and wildlife.
country to vote for the government which
they prefer. A) contaminated
B) impressed
A) citizen C) expanded
B) code D) complicated
C) permission E) distilled
D) publication
E) article 15) For hotel guests, breakfast and lunch are
11) Although the doctors did everything in their ___________ so you must say in advance
power, it was impossible to ________ the whether or not you want to have them.
patient after her accident.
A) nourishing
A) reduce B) negligible
B) vacate C) optional
C) devise D) delicious
D) revive E) compulsive
E) survive
16) Marco Polo is a Venetian traveller and
12) In almost every city or town in our country, author, whose account of his travels and
there is a/an ___________, usually in the experiences in China _______ Europeans a
centre, which was built to commemorate the firsthand view of Asian lands and stimulated
Independence War. interest in Asian trade.
A) municipality A) offered
B) utensil B) enabled
C) monument C) featured
D) particle D) altered
E) attempt E) regarded
21) Up until the 1950's, slaves in the United
17) Worldwide, bat populations are declining at a States were treated __________, and in
rapid rate, due in large ______ to the many parts of the world today, average
destruction of feeding and roosting habitats people are treated so. It is a shame.
and the misuse of toxic pesticides.
A) considerately B) dominantly
A) scarcity C) wholly D)
B) truth desperately
C) part E) cruelly
D) option
E) charge 22) In the __________ countries of Turkey
happen a lot of conflicts between Turkish
18) These days, mobile phone manufacturers soldiers and foreign ones since both parts
are trying to produce a phone that is ______ want to defend their boundaries.
to water for the divers to use under the sea.
A) frantic B) fragile
A) consistent C) arising D) neighbouring
B) tolerant E) harbouring
C) sustainable
D) inhabitable 23) After hesitating ____, Steve decided that he
E) resistant should help the man who was lying
subconsciously on the pavement.
19) As is approved by all the scientists, not all A) briefly
the organs stop functioning _______ after a B) fabulously
person dies. C) avidly
D) merrily
A) mutually E) abruptly
B) sparsely
C) extensively 24) Martin ______ having been involved in the
D) immediately bank robbery, and therefore, demanded to
E) markedly be set free.
20) Unfortunately, today much of youngsters’ A) accepted

time is ___________ chatting with other B) admitted
people on the internet. C) convicted
D) denied
A) brought up E) confessed
B) taken up with
C) held up 25) Mushrooms which are sold in supermarkets
D) made out are known to be grown ______ in manure
E) carried out and according to experts they have almost
no risk of intoxication when compared with 26) Migrating birds cover ____ distances every
the ones grown in natural conditions. winter and autumn to migrate far away
places.
A) superficially
B) artificially A) shallow
C) trivially B) proper
D) improperly C) close
E) considerately D) considerate
E) immense
1) C 10) A 19) D
2) C 11) D 20) B
3) C 12) C 21) E
4) A 13) C 22) D
5) D 14) A 23) A
6) C 15) C 24) D
7) E 16) A 25) B
8) B 17) C 26) E
9) D 18) E
ÖZEL KELİME ÇALIŞMALARI C) kept

D) retained
 Keep adj.: Remain, stay E) attained
Keep warm/safe/clean/tidy/calm
/awake/conscious…etc.  Notice/find/spot/discover
/realize… (that)
 Keep(on) Ving: Continue
Keep thinking/driving/sleeping 2) Geologists have ______ that Africa was once
warmer and wetter than it is today.
 Keep sb (from) doing sth: Prevent
Keep sb from studying A) explored
B) discovered
 Keep sth under/away/away C) surveyed
D) searched
1) Yesterday night I found it necessary to revise E) experimented
some topics about the meeting, but there was
something in the air that ______ me from 3) While making a profound research into the
concentrating on them. history of first man, I happened to ______ that
mankind learned to smile from mouse.
A) established
B) realized A) view
B) encounter  Account to sb for sth: Explain
C) meet
D) enhance 6) The prime minister had a great difficulty in
E) notice believing the _______ of the accident given by
his secretary.
 Proper (adj).: real, suitable, correct
proper place/way/name/style A) accordance
be proper for sb to do sth B) relief
C) intention
4) Finding out a _____ approach to instructing D) account
students is vital for them to understand the input E) origin
correctly.
 Convince sb to do sth (v): persuade sb to do
A) trivial sth
B) controversial
C) random 7) I made the most of myself to have my decision
D) proper accepted in the meeting, but I couldn’t manage
E) persistent to _______ the majority of its importance.
5) All teenagers have _____; the problem is to A) persuade

teach them to exploit it to the best advantage. B) poster
C) dissuade
A) destiny D) verdict
B) compulsion E) inject
C) potential
D) preference  Introduce (v): Make sth known
E) significance I'd like to introduce my younger son, Mark.
 Account (n): Record, report  Introduce (v): Put sth into use
The smaller 10 pence coin was introduced in
Give an account of, keep an account of 1992.
By/from all accounts: According to what people
say  Introduce sb to sth (v): Have sb experience
On/By sb’s (own) account: According to what sb sth for the first time
says When were you first introduced to sailing?
 Account (n): Reason

 Instead: In place, in lieu,
Take sth into account: Consider The “chi” concept was neither created nor
destroyed by anybody. Instead, it appeared or
 Of no/little account: not important disappeared by itself.
 Account for (v): Constitute, form
 Instead of: In place of, in lieu of Chess requires a very high level (amount) of
Instead of being annoyed, he seemed quite concentration.
pleased.
You probably picked up my keys instead of a course for advanced level (ability) students
yours.
Jo couldn't go to the meeting, so I said I'd go The exhibition is on level (floor) three of the
instead. building.
You should talk to your teacher instead of just
complaining to me about it. These are subjects for discussion at
management level (rank).
 sceptical also skeptical of/about adj.: tending
to disagree with other people The top of the tree is level with (at the same
highly/deeply sceptical height) his bedroom window.
sceptically(adv.)
treat/regard/greet sb/sth with scepticism(n) On one level I quite like the attention but on
another level, I suppose I find it a bit disturbing.
8) The company's environmental claims have
been treated with ______ by conservationists It seems too good to be true. Are you sure this
though they are apparent. guy's on the level (act of speaking honestly)?
A) scepticism  Primarily (adv): Mainly, substantially, chiefly

B) optimism
C) mannerism The report is primarily concerned with aircraft
D) tenderness safety.
E) openness
 level sth at/against sb: accuse sb of doing 10) One can understand from the sentence that
sth the report ____.
9) Nowadays, many blames are being ______ A) excludes the problems apart from that of
against the authorities in the government that aircraft safety
they neglect the importance of foreign language B) is merely about the problem of aircraft safety
education. C) includes few points other than the subject of
aircraft safety
A) accused D) presents healthy solutions for the problems
B) aimed of aircraft safety
C) levelled E) brings up many points rather than the
D) ranked subject of aircraft safety
E) ceased
 Demonstrate (v): Show sth clearly by giving
The water level (height) in the lake is much proof or evidence
higher after heavy rain.
11) The results based upon the efficiency of the
workers ______ convincingly that our campaign  chance of doing sth, chance that, chance of
is working. sth happening, chance of sth
A) necessitate Is there any chance of getting tickets for tonight?

B) demonstrate She has only a slim chance of passing the exam.
C) retreat There's a slight chance that he'll be back in time.
D) elect There is no chance that he will change his mind.
E) mediate Nowadays a premature baby has a very good
chance of survival.
 Separate (adj.): forming a unit by itself /
different, not connected 14) I just came to see you on the off-chance that
Pippa might be here. (YAKIN ANLAMLI)
I have my public life and my private life, and as
far as possible I try to keep them separate. A) Whether Pippa is present or not in the
meeting, I will come.
B) Although it is highly unlikely that Pippa will
Separate sth from sth (v): to divide into different come to the meeting, I will come.
parts / move apart / be between two people C) Pippa was absent in the meeting, so I
couldn’t meet him there.
12) Ireland is in the Atlantic Ocean and _____ D) I was informed that Pippa would not come,
from Great Britain by the Irish Sea. but I only wanted to come here.
E) I was aware that it was unlikely that Pippa
A) established would be present, but I came nevertheless.
B) occupied
C) placed  Deserve (v): to do/doing
D) inhabited
E) separated He deserves to be (being) locked up for ever for
what he did.
 acclaim (v): praise or welcome sb publicly
 Like: to enjoy or approve of something or
acclaim (n): praise and approval for sb/sth someone
13) “Of Mice and Men” was _______ as a I like it when a book is so good that you can't put
masterpiece once in print, and so John it down.
Steinbeck is chiefly known for this work. I don't like upsetting people.
He likes to spend his evenings in front of the
A) outlined television.
B) ranged
C) acclaimed Would like / should like to do sth
D) varied
E) inscribed
I would like to say a big thankyou to everyone I feel that learning English will help improve my
who's helped to make our wedding such a chances of promotion at work.
special occasion!
 I can’t help (stop) doing
Be likened to sth/sb
I can't help thinking she'd be better off without
Mongolians are likened to the Europeans in him.
many ways by character and for that reason they
have long been assumed as the descendants of  Only, merely, solely, uniquely
Europeans.
15) Mr. Thompson earns only 4 billion dollars
 Like (preposition): similar to, in the same as every month though he has a prestigious job.
(YAKIN ANLAMLI)
He looks like his brother.
She's very much like her mother (= She is similar A) Mr. Thompson is paid very little because his
in appearance or character). job is highly respected.
Is Japanese food like Chinese? B) Mr. Thompson makes little money in his
I've got a sweater just like that. present job, so he should change it.
Her hair was so soft it was like silk. C) Mr. Thompson is expected to be promoted to
a higher position, because he is very
 Emerge (v): appear, exist, come into being, successful.
arise D) What Mr. Thompson earns from his present
job is very low when his job’s level is taken
There emerged many civilisations who made into consideration.
great use of wood in creating opportunity to heat E) It is normal that Mr. Thompson earns a lot of
their homes. money because he has a prestigious job.
 Each: every thing, person, etc. in a group of  Succeed in doing sth: manage to do sth
two or more, considered separately Be successful in (doing) sth
Have a success in (doing) sth
Each of the students is successful.
Each student is successful. He succeeded in getting a place at art school.
Students each are successful.
 Help sb to do sth Succeeding, Successive
Help sb do sth Succession, Successor
Help to do sth
Help do sth King Arthur succeeding King James
Successive win at the Olympic Games
The £10, 000 loan from the bank helped her (to) A succession of events and problems
start her own business. Who's the likely successor to Blair as party
leader?
 Reduce (v): make sth less or smaller in size,  Unfortunately (adv): Regrettably, Alas,
quantity, price etc. Haplessly
Costs have been reduced by 20% over the past Unfortunately for him, the police had been
year. informed and were waiting outside.
Giving up smoking reduces the risk of heart  Unfortunate (adj.): Having a bad luck
disease. /embarrassing and offensive
 Cut down on / cut sth down to sth (Phrasal 16) The artist made a/an _______ explanation
V.): Reduce the amount of sth which caused him to live terrible days down.
We need to cut the article down to 1000 words. A) reckless

B) imaginative
The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking. C) unfortunate
D) mandatory
E) futile
1) C 7) A 13) C
2) B 8) A 14) E
3) E 9) C 15) D
4) D 10) C 16) C
5) C 11) B
6) D 12) E
17)
COMMON EXPRESSIONS: DO AND MAKE

You do....... the housework, some gardening, the washing-up, homework, your best, the shopping, the
cooking, business with
You make......... arrangements, an agreement, a suggestion, a decision, a cup of tea, war, an attempt,
a phone call, the best of, an effort, an excuse, a mistake, a bed, a profit, a loss, love, the
most of, a noise. a good, bad impression, a success of, a point of, allowances for, a gesture, a
face, a fuss of, a go (a success) of
“Get” seems to be used all the time in spoken English. It has the following basic meanings:
 receive, obtain or buy something, “e.g. Please get me a newspaper when you’re in town; I got a
letter from John today; She got top marks in her exam” .
 show a change in position — move or be moved, “e.g. How are you getting home tonight?”
 show a change in state — become or make, “e.g. We are all getting older if not wiser”.
“Get” also has a number of other more specific meanings.
 It’s my turn to get dinner tonight. [prepare a meal]

 I don’t get it. Why did he speak like that? [understand]
 His behaviour really gets me at times. [annoy]
Phrasal Verb exercises: Complete the following passages with the most suitable phrasal verb given below
after every paragraph.
(1)
A tramp was sitting on a park bench, feeling very tired. So, he decided to ____(1)____ and go to sleep. He
had been sleeping for about 5 minutes when a couple walked by. The man stopped, ___(2)___the tramp
______, and asked him, "Excuse me. Do you know what the time is?" The tramp replied, "I'm sorry - I don't
have a watch, so I don't know the time." The man apologised for waking the tramp and the couple walked
away. The tramp__(3)____ again, and after a few minutes went back to sleep. Just then, a woman, who
was out walking her dog, gently shook the tramp's shoulder until he ___(4)___ again. The woman said,
"I'm sorry to trouble you, but I'm afraid I've lost my watch - do you happen to know the time?" The tramp
was a little annoyed at being ___(5)___ again, but he politely told the woman that he didn't have a watch
and didn't know the time. After the woman had gone, the tramp had an idea. He opened the bag that
contained all his possessions and ___(6)___ a pen, a piece of paper and some string. On the paper,
he__(7)____, 'I do not have a watch. I do not know the time'. He then hung the paper round his neck and
eventually ___(8)___ again. After about 15 minutes, a policeman who was walking through the park
noticed the tramp asleep on the bench, and the sign around his neck. He ___(9)___ the tramp ______ and
said, "I read your sign. I thought you'd like to know that it's 2:30 p.m."
wake up / drop off / lie down / get out / write down
(2)
Dave's a funny chap! He never wants to ___(1)___ in the evenings, but when he does, he never wants to
go home again! Last Thursday was a typical example. I phoned him and asked if he wanted to go out to
our local pub for a quick drink. At first, he said that he didn't want to - he would rather ___(2)___ and watch
the telly. But after about 10 minutes, I managed to persuade him to come to the pub. Well, we had a nice
evening, and the 'quick drink' turned into a longer drink; the more Dave and I drank, the more we wanted
to drink. The pub closed at 11 o'clock, so we had to ___(3)___then, but Dave wanted to ___(4)___and
persuaded me that we should go to the nightclub in town to continue our 'conversation'. There weren't
many people in the nightclub, but that didn't stop us from having a good time! I finally ___(5)___ home at 5
o'clock in the morning, feeling very happy, tired, and drunk. The way my head felt on Friday morning (or, to
be more accurate, Friday afternoon!), I had to agree with our friends who say that Dave and I are a bad
influence on each other!
go out / stay out / stay in / drink up / get back

(3)
In November 2002, an oil tanker carrying 20 million gallons of oil sank off the coast of Galicia in Spain. The
region is called the 'Coast of Death' because so many boats have sunk there in the past. It is thought that
the oil began ___(1)___ of the tanker when it split in two while being towed out to sea after experiencing
problems. A lot of oil has already ___(2)___on the local beaches, but experts predict that more is coming.
Local people and environmentalists are working hard to ___(3)___the beaches______, but it is a very
difficult job. The oil spill is a disaster for both the local environment and the local economy; it is feared that
many people will ___(4)___losing their jobs because fishing and tourism are the main industries in the
region. The authorities are ___(5)___the causes of the disaster, which has already caused the death of
unknown numbers of fish, seabirds and dolphins.
clean up / wash up / end up / look into / pour out
(4)
Last week I telephoned a computer company to complain about a computer that I had bought. I had had
the computer for just 2 days when it stopped working. I thought it would be a short dialogue where they
would agree to replace it or fix it but I was wrong. They kept me waiting for over half an hour while they
played me some awful music. Every 2 minutes a voice interrupted the music and said, "Please hold. All our
operatives are busy at the moment", and then the music continued. This always___(1)___ me______, both
because I hate the music they play, and because I know that I'm paying to listen to it. Anyway, eventually
someone answered the phone and took all my details, then put me through to the technical support
department. I then had to give all my details again. The person asked me something about the 'BIOS
Settings', and I told him that I didn't understand what he meant. Then he started talking to me as if I was 6
years old - he even asked me to check to see if I had plugged the computer in! I hate being patronised like
that so I told him that he didn't need to___(2)___to me. That was a mistake because he became even less
friendly and tried to___(3)___me______ saying that the problem was caused by the software I had
installed. He___(4)___about how the software must be causing the problem, using lots of technical
language, and tried to persuade me that it wasn't the company's problem. Eventually I interrupted him and
told him that I hadn't installed any software, and the only software on the computer had been installed by
his company before I received the computer. When he heard this, he just said "Oh" and then put me on
hold again, so I had to listen to that awful music for another 10 minutes. Finally, someone from the
marketing department spoke to me and told me that he was very sorry that my computer didn't work, but
they were very busy and wouldn't be able to send an engineer to fix it for another 2 weeks! But the thing
that really___(5)___me______ was that he said that if it was urgent I could pay £50 and the engineer
would come the next day!
wind up / fob off / talk down to / go on / cheese off
(5)
I really felt sorry for Jane today. I saw her sitting outside, but she didn't look as relaxed as she usually
does. I asked her if anything was ___(1)___her______, but instead of replying she ___(2)___crying! I was
so shocked. It turned out that she had an important deadline to meet at work, and her boss had been
___(3)___her ______by constantly reminding her of how important the project was, and how everyone
was depending on her to do it well. As she was telling me she started ___(4)___ herself ______again, to
the point that she started shaking. I tried my best to ___(5)___it______, and even offered to help her with
some of the work, but I don't think she'll be able to relax again until the project is complete.
work up / smooth over / wind up / burst out / stress out
(6)
Recently, there have been a number of programmes on British TV concerning archaeology, and I must say
that I’ve been fascinated by them. The other day I saw a programme that followed an archaeological dig in
London. In the introduction to the programme, the presenter told us that the name ‘London’ was ______the
old Roman name for the settlement – ‘Londinium’. Anyway, they had ______an old, rusty piece of metal,
but when they cleaned it the experts discovered that it was, in fact, a sword. They had already ______the
history of the site, and thought that the sword might ______to the Roman period. In order to be sure, they
had to ______ it ______to a university for ‘Carbon dating’, which enables scientists to tell exactly how old
something is. At the end of the programme they told us that the sword was, indeed, Roman. I was amazed
by the idea that a Roman soldier had lost his sword so long ago, and now I could see it on the screen in
front of me in 2001.
date back / derive from /dig up/ look into / send off
(7)
Bob: Are you OK, Jane?
Jane: Not really; I ___(1)___with one of my friends over the weekend.
Bob: Oh! I'm sorry to hear that. What happened?
Jane: Well, we were in a bar and I was chatting to another friend about clothes and jewellery and that sort
of thing, when Jackie suddenly ___(2)___at me, saying that it was alright for me because I always had
good clothes and that I didn't understand what it was like for people who couldn't afford to buy the latest
fashions.
Bob: Wow! It sounds like she might be a bit jealous or resentful. Did you know she felt like that?
Jane: No! I didn't have a clue until she___(3)___at me. She must have been ___(4)___it______. She'd
been really friendly towards me until then.
Bob: I suppose it all came out because she'd had a couple of drinks.
Jane: Yes. I guess so. I wanted to talk about it with her but she just stormed off - I haven't seen her since,
and she won't return my calls.
Bob: Perhaps she's embarrassed about it - maybe Sue could help - she and Jackie have been friends for
years.
Jane: Mmm. Good idea ...
Jane: Sorry to___(5)___Sue; I can see you're busy, but I wondered if I could have a word with you later.
lash out / bottle up / barge in / flare up / fall out

(8)
Last Saturday, Dr. Grammar decided to go to the beach with his girlfriend. As you probably know, Britain is
not famous for its sunny, dry weather, so Dr. Grammar wanted to use this opportunity to ___(1)___some
sunshine, and improve his suntan. Dr. Grammar has very pale skin because he lives in Britain, and
because he spends most of his time indoors reading grammar books. Luckily, his girlfriend is a very
practical woman and she brought some suntan lotion with her, to prevent them both from getting sun burnt.
After she had ___(2)___some of the lotion__(3)____ Dr. Grammar's back, he ___(4)___and started to
read his grammar books (he's obsessed!). But after a while he got very hot and decided to go for a swim to
cool down. However, he forgot to reapply more suntan lotion, which had been ___(5)___by the sea. It only
took about 20 minutes for his back to get very burnt. He ___(6)___a T-shirt ___(7)___and sat on his towel,
watching the other people on the beach. Just as a couple of rather attractive women were walking past,
Dr. Grammar's girlfriend opened her eyes. Although she is practical, she is also rather jealous, so she
slapped Dr. Grammar on the back and told him to stop ___(8)___the women___(9)___. She was surprised
when Dr. Grammar screamed, until (after he stopped crying) he showed her how burnt his back was.
Despite seeing his very red back, which had a white hand-print in the middle of it, she was not sympathetic
- as she said, it would teach him either to remember to use suntan lotion, or to avoid ___(10)___women!
lie down / soak up / put on / wash off / eye up
(9)
At this time of year, more people feel depressed than at other times of year. Although people have been
getting depressed for thousands of years, it is not something that we fully understand. Some people say
that depression is caused by events in your past that make you feel bad or guilty, and that these
feelings____(1)____ at you until you deal with them, but psychologists say that this is more likely to lead to
other types of behaviour such as aggression or obsession. Some people say that it is because we see
other people having a good time with their friends and families over Christmas and New Year, and it
reminds us that our relationships are not so good, which ___(2)___us______. Others say, perhaps
jokingly, that it is the stress of shopping and organising Christmas and New Year celebrations that
___(3)___ us ______. I wouldn’t disagree with this, but being ___(4)___is not the same as being
depressed. When you are depressed, you do not see it as a temporary situation, even if it is. You also lack
energy, so even if friends invite you to parties, you often don’t ___(5)___ going to them. Depression can
be difficult to overcome; telling someone who is depressed to ___(6)___will not help, but being with them
and listening to them might. Another explanation is not connected to psychology; it’s biological. Apparently,
when we don’t get enough sunshine, we become depressed and behave in less friendly ways. If this is
true, then perhaps the solution for some people might be to have a holiday in a hot country – it certainly
wouldn’t do any harm!
feel up to / get down / eat away / cheese off / cheer up
(10)
Did you see the match last night? Ramsgate and Margate were ____(1)_____ to see who would win the
South East Region League Cup. It was exciting from the moment they ____(2)_____ to the moment the
referee blew the final whistle. By the end of the first half, the score was 2 all and Ramsgate's best striker
had been carried off the field after being injured. During the half time interval, the only discussion you
could hear was about which of the 2 substitutes, Smith or Cole, the Ramsgate manager would send on to
replace the injured striker. When the second half started and the players ran onto the pitch, it was clear
that the manager had ____(3)_____ the new player on the team; Cole. The crowd started chanting,
"____(4)_____ Cole, we need another goal!" Although there were lots of chances and a few shots that hit
the goal posts, after 30 minutes the score was still the same. Then the crowd noticed that Smith was
____(5)_____ at the side of the pitch. The manager made another substitution and sent on Smith to
replace Cole. With 5 minutes to go, Smith got the ball from Jones and fired it at the goal. What a shot! It hit
the back of the goal before the keeper realised it had been kicked, and the crowd went wild. 5 minutes
later it was all over; Ramsgate became the new League Cup holders, and Smith became the town's new
hero.
warm up / go for / come on / kick off / play off
(11)
If you are in a country where English is not commonly spoken, finding opportunities to practise your
spoken English, and receive help with pronunciation, can be difficult. However, wherever you are in the
world, you will nearly always be able to find examples of written English. I can't think of a country where
you can't buy or borrow novels, newspapers or magazines, or get access to the WWW. It's important to
choose a text that you are interested in, not only because it will provide you with the type of vocabulary
and structures that you are likely to need, but also because your interest will provide you with the
necessary motivation to actively study. It's also important to choose a text that is at about the right level for
you - you'll know how difficult it is by reading the first few lines. When you are reading, you should
____(1)_____words, phrases and structures that you can use in your own English later. It's a good idea to
carry a small notebook with you so that you can ____(2)_____ any examples that you think might be
useful. The first time you read a text, it's usually best not to stop and reach for your dictionary or notebook.
If you read the text quickly and don't worry about the bits you are not sure about, you will get an
understanding of the general meaning of the text, and you'll probably be surprised at how much you
understand. However, when you have finished reading the text, you should ____(3)_____ the parts that
you weren't sure about. By studying these parts, you are not just practising your English but learning
something new. If the problem is an unknown word, you can ____(4)_____it _______ in a dictionary.
Translation dictionaries are very useful, but you should also use a monolingual English dictionary. Collins,
Oxford, Cambridge and Longman all publish good dictionaries for students of English. They provide the
meaning and pronunciation of words and phrases, and help you to use them correctly. A grammar book
will be able to help you with the general structure of the sentence. If you can photocopy the text, or save it
on a computer, you can also create your own exercises. Remove the examples you want to practise (i.e.
items of vocabulary, or particular grammatical features such as articles, verb forms or prepositions). Then,
later in the week, you can try to fill in the gaps, just like you are doing in this test exercise. Finally, you
should keep another notebook where you can ____(5)_____ the notes you have made in your small
notebook. You can also include information you have found in grammar books, and lists of useful words.
However, you must promise yourself that you will open, read and use this notebook at least once a week
because the real key to learning English, or anything else for that matter, is to practise, practise, practise!
note down / write up / go over / look out for / look up
(12)
The damage caused by sunburn is well known - most people have experienced sore or painful skin as a
result of spending too much time in the sun. But this is not the only effect - scientists tell us that sunburn
can also increase your chances of getting skin cancer.
This is becoming a serious problem in Britain. Many people here think that it isn't hot enough to get burnt
(which is not true), and others are so happy to see the sun that they forget about protection in their
desperation to turn their white skin brown.
So, if you're thinking of ____(1)_____ the beach, don't just ____(2)_____and ____(3)_____on your towel;
make sure that you ____(4)_____some sun cream. Even if you're not intending to sunbathe - perhaps you
just want to explore the shoreline to see what has been ____(5)_____- you still need protection, so make
sure you ____(6)_____sun cream or a T-shirt. Spending time in the sun is great, but not so great that you
should risk your life to do it!
lie down / strip off / put on (x2) / go down / wash up
(13)
John was fed up with the rat race. He had spent his life working hard and striving to achieve his ambitions.
When some of his college friends had ____(1)_____of university and ____(2)_____to India to ‘find
themselves’, he had thought that they were just lazy and self-obsessed. So, after graduating he had found
a good job with a large multi-national company, and worked his way up the career ladder. He had happily
____(3)_____people____(4)_____to get to his current position, but now he was at the top, he realised
what it was like to have it done to himself as his juniors tried to develop their own careers. He began to
consider his options, and wondered if he would be able to ____(5)_____without his salary, company car,
and expensive flat in the centre of the city. He began to think how nice it would be to live a peaceful life
and not treat everyone he met as a potentially useful contact. Would he really be happier without the
hustle and bustle of city life? He knew that his doctor would be happier – he had told John on many
occasions that it was his lifestyle that was causing his stomach ulcers. But his doctor had recommended
____(6)_____somewhere for a couple of weeks, not the rest of his life. With no wife or children to
consider, the decision to____(7)_____and go was his alone. What should he do? He certainly couldn’t
continue as he was.
sell up / drop out / go off / do down / get by
(14)
Towards the end of the autumn when the nights start ____(1)_____it is always nice to ____(2)_____with a
hot water bottle, a cup of hot chocolate and a good book at bedtime. Then, before we know it, winter is
upon us with its cold winds, frost and snow.
Of course, though the winter is dark and cold there is Christmas to look forward to, especially for children.
In Britain children wait for Christmas day morning, when they find their gifts from Father Christmas either at
the bottom of their beds or by the fireplace. It is customary to leave a glass of brandy and a mince pie for
Father Christmas, which ____(3)_____the cold. Of course, after drinking so much brandy you would think
that Father Christmas would ____(4)_____in the snow and lie there all night until his fingers and toes have
completely ____(5)_____! I’ve never heard of this happening though, and children all over the world
continue to get their gifts on time.
draw in / ward off / freeze up / snuggle down / fall over
(15)
I've ____(5)_____quite a lot of time ____(5)_____recently because I've been unwell. However, the work
doesn't stop arriving just because I'm not here, so I now have a huge pile of work to ____(5)_____. Apart
from my usual duties, I'm also ____(5)_____an urgent report for my boss. At the moment I don't have
enough spare time to ____(5)_____the report because I have so much other work to do - all I've managed
to do so far is ____(5)_____a few notes. The only solution I can think of is to take another week off so that
I can finish the report on time!
work on / get through / get on with / take off / write down
(16)
Add the necessary prepositions or particles to complete this story.
Last weekend we decided to start doing ................(1) our bedroom. We agreed that we could do ...............
(2) the old fireplace in the corner. As we began to remove it from the wall, we found some old pictures
done ................. (3) in a bundle behind a loose brick. At first we could not make ................(4) what was in
the pictures but we wiped them clean and realised they all depicted the same young man. We spent an
enjoyable evening making ............... (5) stories to explain why the pictures had been hidden.
(17)
I don’t often get interesting advertising circulars these days. However, quite an unusual one came this
morning. It was headed ‘Are you worried about getting out of touch?’ And it went on, ‘If so, get some of our
special tablets today. Taking just one in the morning will help you get on well at work and at home. It will
stop little problems from getting you down and will ensure that you get rich and successful with the
minimum of effort on your behalf. Send just $25 today and you will get your tablets and your key to
success within ten days.’
One can infer from the passage that the content of the advertising circular ____________ .
A) is about a kind of tablet that helps anybody get rid of depression, only
B) didn’t take enough care of the writer of the paragraph, so it was out of use
C) has just taken the writer’s attention, on the ground that he is in great depression and wants to earn a
lot of money
D) is described as strange by the writer of the paragraph, for it offers not only a great fortune, but also the
remedy to get rid of depression
E) has got the title which is about the anxiety of being discriminated from the society; what’s more, the
depression at work, at home and in need of money
(18)
This is a story about four people named everybody, somebody, anybody and nobody. There was an
important job to be done and everybody was asked to do it. Everybody was sure somebody would do it.
Anybody could have done it, but nobody did it. Somebody got angry because it was everybody’s job.
Everybody thought anybody could do it, but nobody realised that everybody wouldn’t do it. It ended up that
everybody blamed somebody when nobody did what anybody could have done.
It can be easily inferred from the passage that ____________.
A) anybody didn’t do what they had to do

B) everybody was indifferent to what they were expected to
C) nobody was supposed to do the job required by everybody
D) everybody convicted nobody of not doing the job
E) somebody, everybody and anybody was unconscious of everything
(19)
Complete the following sentences with the most appropriate preposition.
a) Although they had only told their parents about their engagement, the news soon got ..................... the
village.
b) She must have made a good impression last week because she has got ............... to the second round
of interviews for the post.
c) I love watching TV cookery programmes but when they describe a recipe, it can be hard to
get ...................... all the details in time.
d) We get ................... only because we live very economically.
e) What have you been getting .................. since we last met?
f) Surely you haven’t got .................... all the biscuits already?
Phrasal Verb exercises: 6)derived from / dug up / 12) going down / strip off /
1)lie down / woke up / lay looked into / date back / lie down / put on / washed
down / woken up / got send off up / put on
out / wrote down / 7)fell out / lashed out / flared 13) dropped out / gone off
dropped off / woke up up / bottling up / barge in / done down / get by /
2)go out / stay in / drink up / 8)soak up / put on / lay down / going off / sell up
stay out / got back washed off / put on / 14) drawing in / snuggle
3)pouring out / washed up / eyeing up / eyeing up down / wards off / fall over
clean up / end up / looking 9)eat away / gets down / / frozen up
into cheeses off / cheesed off / 15) taken off / get through
4)winds up / talk down / fob feel up to / cheer up / get on with / write down
off / went on / cheese off 10) playing off / kicked off 16) up / away with / out /
5)stressing out / burst out / / gone for / come on / out / up
winding up / working for / warming up 17) D
smooth over 11) look out for / note 18) D
down / go over / look up / 19) Around / back / over /
write up by / on / through
SORU TÜRLERİ BÖLÜMÜ 3) The woman ___ shouted at you just now was
really quite rude.
GRAMMAR
1) Holland is a country famous ___ its clogs, A) where
tulips, and windmills. B) who
C) whom
A) by D) that
B) from E) whose
C) for
D) in 4) He insisted ___ seeing her home even
E) as though she said she would be fine going
home on her own.
2) At least one bouquet of flowers ___ sent to
the school by mistake on Teacher's Day last A) in
year. B) at
C) on
A) is D) to
B) are E) for
C) was
D) had 5) Look! The newborn puppy ___ milk from its
E) were mother.

A) sucks A) conserve
B) sucked B) converse
C) is sucking C) tolerate
D) was sucking D) reconcile
E) was sucked E) persevere
6) At the fair last evening, a kind operator let the 11) David was very sure of himself as he walked
children ___ on the Ferris Wheel for free. into the interview room.
A) riding A) hesitant
B) rode B) calm
C) ridden C) composed
D) ride D) confident
E) rides E) certain
7) ______ you tell the event without laughing, I
will not believe your story. 12) Father has gone to ____ Aunt Mary from the
bus interchange.
A) Since B) Unless
C) Despite D) In spite of A) fetch
E) Only if B) send
C) bring
8) In ___ days, people drew water from wells. D) take
E) see
A) much B) this
C) these D) that
E) those
9) The taxi driver, who hit and seriously injured 13) "When did you ___?" Paul asked his fiancée
a pedestrian, was charged with ___ driving. visiting him in Melbourne.

A) serious A) arrives B) arrival
B) negligent C) arrive D) arrived
C) unconscious E) arriving
D) cautious 14) The girls cooked lunch ___ to surprise their
E) diligent parents who were expecting them to eat out.
10) If you keep on trying and do not give up so A) yourselves

easily, you will succeed. B) herself
C) ourselves C) contains
D) themselves D) have contained
E) himself E) had contained
15) "Please ___ us some more time to pay the 19) There is very ___ we can do to help the
rent," they pleaded with the landlord. Turkish quake victims except donations in the
form of money and food.
A) given
B) gives A) little
C) gave B) much
D) give C) many
E) giving D) few
E) so
16) Kelly took up the job ___ the pay was very 20) They complained a lot about the chicken I
much lower than she had expected. grilled ___ they ate all of it.
A) despite A) as
B) even B) unless
C) unless C) because
D) since D) since
E) although E) yet
21) None of the buses we took yesterday ___ air-

17) They went ___ the plan to make sure they conditioned.
had not left out any important bits.
A) would
A) beyond B) was
B) around C) are
C) over D) have
D) under E) had
E) behind
22) The ___ day for me was not being able to go
with my parents to Paris.
18) Of the ten boxes, only one ___ the key to the
grand prize. A) saddest
B) sadder
A) containing C) sad
B) contain D) most sad
E) much sadder E) chauffeur
23) What are ___ cats doing there, digging out all 28) Ahmad, a Muslim and a classmate of mine,
the rubbish from the bin? goes to the ___ for prayers every Friday.
A) this A) temple B) chapel

B) that C) church D) mosque
C) these E) priest
D) those
E) much 29) Tigers will become ___ one day if people
continue to poach them.
24) I _______ you a teddy bear if you promise to
be good, I assured my niece. A) fashioned B) extinct
C) outdated D) redundant
A) would buy E) expired
B) buys
C) buy 30) John's face was ___ with fear after the
D) will buy strange encounter in the lift.
E) bought
25) Peter's father is an ____. I heard the A) black B) white C) yellow
swimming complex in Tampines was D) blue E) red
designed by him.
31) I received a phone call from Jane out of the
A) draughtsman B) architect blue yesterday.
C) athlete D) designer
E) florist A) unfortunately B) unexpectedly
C) strangely D) prematurely
26) The bull ran wild and ___ angrily towards the E) always
spectators behind the fenced area.
32) The convicted drug trafficker was ___ to five
A) lumbered B) charged years in jail.
C) prowled D) scampered
E) calmed A) detained B) confined
C) tied D) linked
27) The superstar declined to be driven by a ___ E) sentenced
and drove himself to the concert.
33) _______ inventions do not arouse much
A) farmer B) shepherd surprise in people today, they used to lead to
C) mechanic D) porter great amazement in people in ancient times.
37) When I told Brian that it was rude of him
A) When B) After C) Before ______ at her, he got offended with me for I
D) While E) By the time didn’t come down on his side.
34) Lost Generation, which was a group of A) shouting B) having shouted

expatriate American writers _______ C) to be shouted D) to shout
primarily in Paris, included the first writers E) shouted
_______ a cohesive literary movement.
38) When the weather got bad, the climbing party
A) resided/forming turned back all except Tom and his brothers,
B) having resided/formed who decided to go on. If only they _______
C) to have resided/form back with the others, they _______ alive
D) residing/to form today.
E) resided/formed
A) turned/would have been
35) The number of articles that ____ about the B) have turned/would be
poor air quality all around the world ____ C) had turned/would be
increasing day by day. D) would turn/could be
E) will turn/will be
A) is/are B) is/is C) are/are
D) were/were E) are/is 39) A hotel does not accept responsibility for loss
_____ or damage ______ club members'
36) It is true that my friend’s name is Spanish, personal property.
______ she is actually Greek.
A) on/for B) of/to
A) but B) even C) despite D) so E) for C) across/at D) in/on
E) with/of
Grammar Review 11) E 22) A

1) C 12) D 23) C
2) C 13) C 24) D
3) B 14) D 25) D
4) C 15) D 26) B
5) C 16) E 27) E
6) D 17) C 28) D
7) B 18) C 29) E
8) E 19) A 30) B
9) B 20) E 31) B
10) E 21) B 32) E
33) D 36) A 39) B
34) D 37) D
35) E 38) C
CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA
1) For many years, much of what was possible B) To clearly understand the formation of a
to know was derived from inspiration or rainbow
divination ______. C) Separating the formation of a rainbow
from other processes
A) and are all related to the idea coming D) The formation of a rainbow makes up a
from logical thinking process
B) and for that reason, there were many E) The rainbow denoting several meanings
logical thinking processes of love
C) which caused several conflicts among
the people living in the past 4) Though difficult, it is possible for an adult
D) and did not involve the rational process learner of a new language to master the
of reasoning in wide use today subtleties of the grammar.
E) and what’s more, these made important
changes in the way people thought in The closest in meaning to this sentence is
those days that _________.
2) Ayn Rand, ________ novels deal with the A) It is impossible for an adult learner of a
nature of capitalism in a democracy, is often new language to understand the obscure
taught in introductory courses in economics. parts of the grammar.
B) There’s no way an adult learner of a new
A) much of whose language can understand the difficult
B) many of whose parts of the grammar.
C) of which C) Understanding the small details of the
D) of whom grammar can be achieved by an adult
E) most of which learner of a new language although he
has difficulty in doing so.
3) ___________ in which light is diffused at D) It is possible for an adult learner of a new
varying rates by the surrounding atmosphere language to understand the difficult parts
resulting in the reflection of different of the grammar to a certain extent, but it
wavelengths of light. is impossible to do so entirely.
E) An adult learner of a new language can
A) A rainbow is generally formed understand the basic parts of the
grammar, but he cannot do so for the B) was America's greatest writer
small details. C) being America’s greatest writer
D) America's greatest writer
5) When a bird moults, ______ loses its E) to have been America's greatest writer
feathers, it is actually preparing itself for the
regeneration of the lost feathers. 9) In the modern era, face-to-face
communication is becoming nearly _______
A) so its hand-written letters.
B) as if
C) as when it A) as uncommon as
D) so that B) such uncommon that
E) that C) so uncommon that
6) The scientific method is a system ________ D) more uncommon
a problem or challenge is identified and E) so uncommon as
possible solutions are created and tested.
10) What many kids who decide to cheat don't
A) when think about ________.
B) whose
C) in which A) is what happens afterward
D) with which B) are not aware of the fact that they are
E) ------- doing wrong
C) put forward the reality that they don’t take
7) The Smithsonian Institution in Washington the lesson seriously
D.C. is home ______ the largest collection of D) when they find it difficult to pass the
Native American artefacts in the United lesson
States most of which remain hidden from E) shows that they are not aware of the
public view. importance of the lesson
A) for 11) _______ that they only accomplished their

B) to goals because they always believed in
C) on themselves.
D) at
E) from A) The main principle the successful people
have obtained throughout their lives is
8) Many modern critics of American literature about
have called Mark Twain, born Samuel B) The fact that businessmen have fulfilled
Clemens, ______ . their targets
C) Whenever people aim to succeed in life
A) as America's greatest writer
D) Every successful person from Bill Gates B) Although Einstein gained the foremost
to Ted Turner will tell you place in his life
E) Nobody knows about the way C) After Einstein gave out his invention
12) Even though you probably have two arms, D) Albert Einstein has been respected for
two ears, and are like other people in many many years because of his output
ways, _______. E) If Albert Einstein weren’t known for his
outstanding invention
A) you have also some similarities with
other people 15) ___________, as I would have undoubtedly
B) you don’t have any feature that got lost without one.
differentiates you from others at all
C) no traits related to you can make you A) I need an equipment which can enlighten
different for that reason my way
D) nothing can distinguish you from the B) I am going to buy a device which can
others in any way help detect where I am
E) some things about you are completely C) They forgot to give me the map of the
different area
D) I had to buy a map of the area
13) Solomon Shereshevskii had a memory so E) I could ask any person where I was
perfect ________.
16) Many researchers have been aware of the
A) while his friends have unbelievably bad need for the restructuring of schools
memory ________.
B) in case he could come up with a creative
idea A) and for that reason they made important
C) ever since he was provided with the strides in terms of educating the children
opportunity of education B) but they have not been clear about how
D) that he could recall every minute of his to approach the problem
life in graphic detail C) which aroused the suspicion about the
E) which made him entirely distinguished way the schools have been run for years
among his friends in the classroom D) as soon as the system applied at schools
failed entirely
14) ___________, people are inclined to believe E) in order to reveal the deficiencies in the
that his personal life was very orderly and way they are governed
controlled.
17) To cope with the issue of changing the
A) Since Albert Einstein is regarded as the careers throughout their lives, people will
most brilliant scientist of the 20th century, need positive attitudes to lifelong learning,
_______.
D) is one of the biggest problems the
A) hence causing many workers to become country has nowadays
unemployed in the years to come E) the new government has considerably
B) otherwise, they would be made lost confidence of the citizen
redundant with only one decision
C) and therefore they searched for job 20) Mr. Smith distributed several leaflets
counselling including false news about his friend
D) primarily because they hadn’t found it ________.
enough to make their ends meet in that
way A) when his friend has revealed some
E) so learning how to learn will become a hidden information about him
central focus of future schooling B) so that nobody would vote him onto the
chairman of the organization
18) While there has been slow progress in C) nevertheless none of the people around
understanding what happiness is, _______. him had believed it
D) therefore he managed to eliminate his
A) psychology offers alternatives to material friend’s fame among other people
pursuits that can make people's lives E) so that his supporters will stop standing
more satisfying by him
B) there had been great advancement in
providing precise definition for the field of 21) __________ in addition to a spectacular river
psychology near it.
C) people, in fact, figured out what was lying
behind the real meaning of happiness A) You can’t find any cinemas or theatres in
D) the psychologists will go on looking into this city
that abstract concept in the days to come B) Our city hasn’t got a museum
E) which is likely to lead to some researches C) There are no recreation areas in our city
to be done by psychologists D) The entertainment in our town is
insufficient
19) Publishing figures every six months showing E) The city has a fascinating natural park
how many people are unemployed,
__________. 22) After their son has left the university with a
good degree, ____________.
A) several offers to solve the problem have
been given by the government A) their own company should have
B) the book gained great reputation among employed him
the readers B) they are planning to send him abroad for
C) when the new government took control of a master’s degree
the country
C) their father has approved of his A) when she cannot find anything formal to
employment in their own firm go with her hair
D) his determination to be an academician B) because she was going to a very formal
grew stronger gathering
E) there will be many other graduates in the C) as soon as she has seen strangers
following years ringing the doorbell
D) until the meeting was over
23) ____________ although television has E) as she was going to the wedding
become the dominant form of entertainment ceremony of her sister
for many people.
26) As a consequence of the rise in the Global
A) Television has changed a great deal in temperature, the icebergs on both poles
function recently started to melt; __________________.
B) Especially children who cannot use their
logic blindly believe in the truth of what A) with this in mind, the community will have
they watch on television taken some measures
C) There are still a lot of people who would B) therefore, all the disasters followed one
prefer to watch a film at a cinema rather another
than at home C) because there was a great deal of air
D) More than one television set are common pollution
in many households D) although nobody had died in the end
E) Reading books will make a person more E) so that people can board up their house
knowledgeable than watching television
does 27) __________, she decided to get married to
the man.
24) James must have got too excited to
understand the paragraph _________. A) When Eva has made up her mind for the
marriage
A) which contain too many unknown words B) Because Eva has bad impressions on the
B) after he takes a brief look at it man
C) even after he has read it several times C) Whereas the mother supported Eva’s
D) when he couldn’t understand a few words decision
at the beginning of it D) By the time Eva graduates from the
E) as soon as he noticed how easy it university
seemed E) Although the mother didn’t approve of
Eva’s desire for marriage
25) Sue put on a rather casual dress ______.
28) By the time the football fans arrive at the
stadium, ______________.
C) Israel and Iraq continued their meeting
A) the match will have already begun on and off
B) they will get very upset because of the D) The conflict between Palestine and Israel
traffic jam has been on the increase
C) the media had already taken their E) Fortunately it happened that the allied
position for broadcasting countries negotiated on a treaty
D) the media had great difficulty
broadcasting the match 31) We have decided not to tell John that he is
E) the weather condition was extremely bad adopted __________.
29) Jason and Sharon were pleased to live in a A) until he is old enough to understand
small town _________. B) by the time he was at the age of eighteen
C) for fear that he would leave us behind
A) so they hope to work for the engineering D) as though we were his real parents
company in Manchester E) when he was at the age of three
B) because they visited the school and met
some of the students 32) __________, but to the people of the time it
C) but they moved to Birmingham a short was one of the safest forms of transport.
time ago
D) because people who live there are very A) Titanic was claimed to be unsinkable
friendly when it was at first made
E) therefore they decided to sell their house B) Ocean travel may be considered to have
and buy another one in the city been a risky business in the early 18 th
century
30) __________ since the last summit held in C) In the first half of the 18 th century, people
America. used to prefer travelling by ships to
travelling by planes
A) On the whole, some countries such as D) Titanic’s builders had no doubt that she
Turkey and France can’t get on well was the finest ship ever built
B) From the very beginning of wars, many E) Today air travel is thought to be one of
casualties had been slain mercilessly the safest forms of transport
1) D 8) D 15) D
2) B 9) A 16) B
3) D 10) A 17) E
4) C 11) D 18) A
5) C 12) E 19) E
6) C 13) D 20) B
7) B 14) A 21) E
22) B 26) B 30) D
23) C 27) E 31) A
24) D 28) A 32) B
25) E 29) B
CLOZE TEST (PARÇA İÇERİSİNDEKİ SORULAR)

Virtual Reality (VR) is the term used __(1)__ computer simulations of reality which are very __(2)__ to real-
life experience. To enter VR, you __(3)__ a special headset, or head-mounted display (HMD) which allows
you to see three-dimensional, computer-generated images. You also hear sound effects and wear a special
glove, __(4)__, like the HMD, is connected to the computer. This glove allots you to __(5)__ the objects that
you see and to have some sense of touch.
1) C) call off
A) to describing D) do up
B) to describe E) add up
C) describes
D) describing 4)
E) described A) that
B) where
2) C) which
A) different D) who
B) same E) when
C) distinct
D) like 5)
E) similar A) render
B) manipulate
3) C) hinder
A) put on D) emaciate
B) wear out E) deprive
The Romans built hundreds of miles of aqueducts that __(6)__ the population with a generous supply of
fresh water, __(7)__ more than 200 million gallons a day for the city of Rome. The city provided public
baths, toilets, and more than a thousand public fountains for the poor __(8)__ today direct pipelines __(9)__
the villas of the wealthy. Sewers and organized garbage collections made imperial Rome __(10)__ healthier
than other cities of antiquity.
6) C) allowed
A) enabled D) allotted
B) provided E) let
9)
7) A) had served
A) including B) serve
B) included C) served
C) having been included D) were serving
D) having included E) serves
E) includes
10)
8) A) more
A) before B) quite
B) soon after C) much
C) until D) fairly
D) while E) pretty
E) when
In the early 19th century Sir Henry Morton made his fortune __(11)__ tea and coffee. He used his money to
build up a magnificent private art collection. __(12)__ he died, in 1842, he __(13)__ all his paintings and
sculptures in a small museum which was open to the public. In his last will and testament, he left money for
the maintenance of the museum. __(14)__ the terms of the will, nothing in the museum must __(15)__ be
sold and entrance to the museum must be free.
11)
A) to import A) puts
B) by importing B) had put
C) imports C) is putting
D) having been imported D) put
E) imported E) has put
14)
12) A) Despite
A) Just before B) Thus
B) When C) Accordingly
C) After D) According to
D) Until E) Therefore
E) Whereas
15)
13) A) never
B) by far D) as ever
C) ever E) whatsoever
Aristotle was born in Macedonia in 384 B.C., the son of a physician. __(16)__ a boy he was educated in that
country as his father __(17)__ to the royal Court of the Macedonian king. At 17 he went to Athens __(18)__
he spent the next 20 years. He was Plato's pupil for the first few years. He was a member of the Academy
but not __(19)__ in residence. In 342 he undertook the tutorship of Alexander, then 13 years of age, son of
Philip, King of Macedonia. He continued this responsibility for three years __(20)__ time Alexander became
regent of the Kingdom as his father was absent on military duties. When Alexander succeeded his father
(335 B.C.), Aristotle continued as his counselor and friend. Aristotle returned shortly to Athens and created
a new school and center of learning called the Lyceum.
16) C) whose
A) As D) at which
B) Like E) where
C) Though
D) Since 19)
E) In spite of A) continuous
B) continuity
17) C) continuously
A) is attached D) continued
B) was attached E) continuing
C) attached
D) has been attached 20)
E) will be attached A) for which
B) when
18) C) where
A) when D) at which
B) which E) that
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences was established in May 1927 as a non-profit corporation
to __(21)__ the art of movie making. In the first year, the Academy had 36 members, __(22)__ Douglas
Fairbanks Sr as president. The first Academy Awards, now better known as the Oscars, __(23)__ at a
private dinner in the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, with less than 250 persons attending. Today, the Academy
has over 6 000 honorary members - the Oscar Awards __(24)__ by more than a billion people on television.
The first television broadcast of the Oscars took place in 1953 - on black and white TV, telecast throughout
the US and Canada. Telecasting in colour begun in 1966, and __(25)__ 1969, the Oscars have been
telecast throughout the world. By the mid-1990s it was telecast in over 100 countries.
21) C) was presented
A) diminish D) were presented
B) swear E) are presented
C) verdict
D) relinquish 24)
E) promote A) were viewed
B) had been viewed
C) viewed
22) D) view
A) for E) are viewed
B) with
C) by 25)
D) on A) since
E) from B) for
C) after
23) D) before
A) presented E) within
B) presenting
Cupid has always played a role in the celebrations of love. Those __(26)__ hearts are pierced by his arrows
fall deeply in love. In Greek mythology he was known as Eros, the young son of Aphrodite, the goddess of
love and beauty. To the Romans, he was Cupid, son of Venus. But where there’s love, there often is
jealousy. Venus was __(27)__ of the beauty of Psyche, a mere mortal, and ordered Cupid to punish her for
being so beautiful. __(28)__, Cupid fell deeply in love and took her as his wife. As a mortal Psyche, she was
forbidden to look at him. Eventually, her sisters convinced her to look at the handsome Cupid. As
punishment, Venus demanded that she __(29)__ three difficult tasks, the last of which caused Psyche's
death. Cupid found her lifeless on the ground and removed the eternal sleep from her body. The gods,
__(30)__ by their love, then granted Psyche immortality.
26) D) humble
A) who E) jealous
B) whose
C) which 28)
D) where A) Therefore
E) that B) Instead
C) As a result of
27) D) Although
A) remarkable E) Nevertheless
B) famous
C) noteworthy 29)
30)
A) performs A) moving
B) performed B) to move
C) perform C) having moved
D) performing D) to be moved
E) has performed E) moved
In the not-so-distant future, the hand tightening bolts during space structure assembly __(31)__ not be
human. Tomorrow's astronauts will find themselves working __(32)__ in space with human-like robots
called "Robonauts." And while the faceless machines might look a little strange, these Robonauts are really
quite sensitive. Don't expect to see them making the rounds on the talk-show circuit discussing their
feelings, __(33)__. Their kind of sensitivity is strictly high-tech. Now the technology bringing these Space-
Age helpers to life __(34)__ also at work in some surprising places. One common element drives these
innovations, __(35)__ on Earth and in space: sensors.
31) B) although
A) must C) thus
B) might D) hence
C) had to E) but
D) should have 34)
E) would A) are
B) was
32) C) is
A) at all costs D) were
B) over and above E) had been
C) on and on 35)
D) side by side A) either
E) from all accounts B) neither
C) not only
33) D) not
A) though E) both
Experts believe that, with SAD, depression is __(36)__ triggered by the brain's response to decreased
daylight exposure. No one really understands how and why this happens. Current theories __(37)__ what
causes SAD focus on the role that sunlight might play in the brain's production of key hormones. Experts
think that two specific chemicals in the brain, melatonin and serotonin, may __(38)__ in SAD. These two
hormones __(39)__ regulate a person's sleep-wake cycles, energy, and mood. Shorter days and longer
hours of darkness in fall and winter may cause increased levels of melatonin and decreased levels of
serotonin, __(40)__ the biological conditions for depression.
36) D) be involving
A) somewhat E) be involved
B) somehow
C) somewhere 39)
D) nohow A) assist
E) nowhere B) aid
37) C) help
A) onto D) allow
B) from E) allocate
C) on
D) about 40)
E) within A) creating
38) B) having created
A) involve C) created
B) have involved D) to create
C) to be involved E) creates
According to legend, a queen named Scheherazade told the stories of Arabian Nights to Sultan Schahriah
__(41)__ her life. Each night she told him tales, stopping at the most exciting part so that he __(42)__ wait
until the next night to learn what happened. After 1,001 nights, the sultan __(43)__ Scheherazade her life.
She became his wife and her stories were recorded __(44)__ the entire world to read. They __(45)__ “Ali
Baba and the Forty Thieves,” “Sinbad the Sailor,” and “Aladdin and the Magic Lamp.”
41)
A) to be saved A) granted
B) to save B) provided
C) for saving C) enabled
D) to saving D) utilized
E) for having saved E) charged
42) 44)
A) will be able to A) with
B) is supposed to B) on
C) would have C) for
D) would have to D) from
E) can E) in
43) 45)
A) include D) alter
B) exclude E) withstand
C) impress
Cats __(46)__ some of their nine lives to their unique skeletal structure. Cats don’t have a collarbone, and
the bones in their spine are __(47)__ than other animals. This makes it easier for them to bend and rotate
their bodies __(48)__ a short fall. A fall of two or more floors, __(49)__, can seriously injure a cat. A cat's
feet and legs usually __(50)__ the impact of a fall from that distance or higher.
46)
A) own D) whereas
B) owe E) during
C) possess 49)
D) foster A) but
E) rectify B) although
47) C) therefore
A) more flexible D) as a result
B) rather flexible E) however
C) too flexible 50)
D) more flexibly A) couldn’t have absorbed
E) so flexibly B) can’t absorb
48) C) don’t have to absorb
A) while D) may not be absorbed
B) just as E) couldn’t be absorbed
C) when
Many theories ___(51)___ the origin of sacrificial rites have been offered, especially in the 19th and early
20th centuries, but no ___(52)___ case has been established. Contemporary scholars tend to be more
interested in the symbolic and functional significance of sacrificial acts. One theory, ___(53)___, considers
sacrifice a form of nonverbal communication between human beings and their gods. ___(54)___ relates
sacrificial offerings to the economic value they have in a particular culture. Several scholars have argued
that the forms of sacrificial rituals resemble the structures of human relationships and that the rituals are
___(55)___ symbolic not only of religious aspirations but also of the daily lives of those who take part in
them.
51) A) regarded
B) concerning 52) A) conclusive
C) interesting B) discriminative
D) dealing C) conductive
E) retailing D) initiative
E) sedative
53) A) because
B) though
C) however
D) consequently
E) for example
54) A) The others

B) Others
C) One another
D) Another
E) Each other
55) A) nevertheless
B) notwithstanding
C) therefore
D) that’s why
E) as a result
___(56)___ to the influences of heredity, what happens to a developing child has a greater or
___(57)___ effect depending on when it happens. Many psychologists believe that critical periods exist
in personality development. These are periods ___(58)___ an individual is more sensitive to a particular
type of environmental event. During one period, for example, language ability changes most rapidly;
during another, the capacity for guilt is most likely to be developing. Most experts believe that a child's
experiences in the family are crucial for personality development. How ___(59)___ basic needs are met
in infancy, along with later patterns of child rearing, can leave a permanent ___(60)___ on personality.
56) A) As well as D) when

B) In addition E) who
C) However
D) Although 59) A) well
E) In case B) good
C) suitable
57) A) fewer D) extreme
B) less E) distant
C) higher
D) lesser 60) A) branch
E) little B) nuance
C) mark
58) A) which D) charge
B) where E) rank
C) whose
___(61)___ evidenced by the discovery of preserved flowers in ancient Egyptian tombs, people have for
centuries ___(62)___ in the art of preserving flowers. Today, a large variety of annuals, biennials and
perennials are successfully preserved. Because properly dried flowers can persist for years after
harvesting, they ___(63)___ to as everlasting or immortals. ___(64)___ the optimum growing conditions
and harvesting time for a particular species, one ___(65)___ solely on books or articles. Experienced
growers will frequently be the best sources of information.
61) A) Like C) have referred

B) As D) are referred
C) Such as E) had been referred
D) While
E) As if 64) A) Having been determined
B) To determining
62) A) involved C) Determined
B) resisted D) To have determined
C) based E) To determine
D) engaged
E) resulted 65) A) must not rely
B) couldn’t have relied
63) A) referred C) should not rely
B) are referring D) ought not to be relied
E) would not rely
Odysseus was claimed ___(66)___ the most cunning man in the world. Odysseus, son of Procris and
Cephalus of the Royal House of Athens, played a major role in the Trojan War. ___(67)___, the legends
of Odysseus do not begin ___(68)___ after the Great War. At the end of the war he was separated from
the rest of the Greek armies and was forced to wander for ten years until he was reunited with his
family. His journeys in those ten years were very similar to Jason's journey in his search for the Golden
Fleece. Also, in the course of Odysseus' adventures, he proved himself to be not only a great hero
___(69)___ a cunning and resourceful man, ___(70)___ of the title the most cunning man in the world.
66) A) being D) until

B) to be E) as soon as
C) to being
D) be 69) A) but also
E) been B) and
C) for
67) A) When D) in that
B) But E) as well
C) Whereas
D) For that reason 70) A) famous
E) However B) eminent
C) worthy
68) A) by the time D) frantic
B) by E) efficient
C) when
1) B 20) D 39) C
2) E 21) E 40) A
3) A 22) B 41) B
4) C 23) D 42) D
5) B 24) E 43) A
6) B 25) A 44) C
7) A 26) B 45) A
8) D 27) E 46) B
9) E 28) B 47) A
10) C 29) C 48) E
11) B 30) E 49) E
12) A 31) B 50) B
13) D 32) D 51) B
14) D 33) A 52) A
15) C 34) C 53) E
16) A 35) E 54) D
17) B 36) B 55) C
18) E 37) D 56) B
19) C 38) E 57) D
58) D 63) D 68) D
59) A 64) E 69) A
60) C 65) C 70) C
61) B 66) B
62) D 67) E
DİYALOG TAMAMLAMA
1) John : What are you worried about? Funda : Sorry, I've got lots of things to
Simpson : ____________. do.
John : Then, there must be something Erkin : ____________
wrong with your studying methods. Funda : Maybe.
Simpson : I think you're right.
A) I'm sure you finished all your chores.
A) I got the teacher to talk to my B) I'm not ready, either.
parents about my marks C) Can it be possible to go next week?
B) I had to cheat during the exam D) Don't you like theatres?
C) Unfortunately I couldn't answer all E) May it be possible to go tonight?
the questions correctly
D) I always seem to get low marks 4) Alice: Why are you in such a hurry?
although I study as hard as I can You haven't even finished your
E) My teachers say that I have the breakfast.
necessary encouragement from my Albert: I must be at the meeting hall at
parents 9.
Alice: But you told me that the meeting
2) Jason : Where are you going to go for would start at 11 o'clock
holiday this holiday? Albert: Yes, ____________.
Linda : ____________
Jason : If I were you, I'd go to the latter. A) I want to go there before anybody
It's warmer during winter. arrives
B) I would rather be there on time
A) I am going to go somewhere hot. C) but Jim called me last night to say
that it would start at half past nine
B) I haven't decided whether to go to D) there might be traffic congestion and
Bodrum or to Side yet. I may not be able to get there before
C) Not the usual place that I go to. It is eleven
terrible. E) I will drop in at Jim's and we'll go
D) My brother will reach a decision on together
it, discussing with his friends.
E) Which one do you recommend? 5) Süha: I wonder why Nur hasn't come
Uludağ or Didim? back yet.
Canan: ____________
3) Erkin : Let's go to the theatre tonight. Süha: She just went to the corner
shop to buy a few chewing gums.
Canan: Don't worry. She may have met C) Why do you always bring bad news
a friend of hers and might be having a to me?
few words with her. D) I should remind dad to take his
umbrella, then.
A) She is always punctual, as far as I E) Why do we have to stay inside and
know, isn't she? wait until it ceases?
B) You shouldn't have let her go out
alone she is a girl of just six years old. 8) Alan: Can you help to fill in this from,
C) We are fond of our children and we please?
take good care of them. James: ____________
D) How dare she go out at such a late Alan: I'm applying for a job in the new
hour? department store.
E) Where did she go? James: Sure, I will, then.
6) James: Where is your friend who you A) I'm sorry, not now, but perhaps
introduced to me when I last came some other time.
here? B) Haven't you been rejected by that
Robert: ____________. store yet?
James: Why is that? C) In what way would you like me to
Robert: He was caught taking some help you?
devices here in the office to his home D) I think you are literate enough to
and was given a sack. read and write.
E) What are you going to do with it?
A) He has just been transferred to
another branch 9) Man: Excuse me, but where is the
B) Because of low pay, he resigned manager's office?
from the position here Secretary: ____________
C) He no longer works here Man: It doesn’t matter. I have come
D) He hasn't turned up yet. He may here to make some repairs.
have overslept Secretary: Then I will show you the
E) He was promoted to the general way. Follow me, please.
manager position
A) It is on the top floor, and the lift is out
7) Meryl: I have heard on TV that it will of order, sir.
rain tomorrow. B) I am sorry but he is out at the
Jim: Come on! ____________ moment
Meryl: Don't worry. It's just spring. C) You must have come to the wrong
There will be many sunny days ahead for that. address, sir.
D) Have you come here to talk to him
A) I needn't water the flowers in the personally?
garden then. E) Wait a minute, please. I’ll check your
B) We were thinking of going for a walk name in the visitors’ book.
in the country.
10) Stan: Why have your let your Robert : ____________.
grandmother out on her own? Cedric : Well, that is okay then. You
Jessica: Is there something wrong? never know what we might want to
She has just gone out to buy a few photograph while we are away.
things from the shopping centre
nearby. A) I am only taking one film – the bag is
Stan: ____________. full of clothes
Jessica : Then, I am going out to find B) There is no way we will run out of
her right away. them. I’ve put in more than enough
A) She has epilepsy and may have an C) I’II put the film next to the flight
attack any time tickets so that we don’t lose it
B) She doesn’t know the surroundings, D) There were far too many, so I left
but she is clever enough. some behind for when we get back
C) It is predicted that it will rain E) We need two more cases for all the
tomorrow stuff you want to take
D) You must not forget to thank her for
the gifts 13) Susan: How long have you known
E) The workers will go on a strike in Rosie?
that factory Greg: Ever since we were children
together at school.
11) Raisa: We are going to the mountains Susan: ____________
for a two-week camping. Greg: Not really. She keeps herself to
____________ herself, so we’ve never been so close.
Ted: I cannot. I cannot without
television or papers. A) Has she ever had a real boyfriend?
Raisa: But you’ll feel refreshed and B) I didn’t know you can get angry with
much stronger when you come back to the city. somebody so much.
Ted: Thank you anyway for such an C) I suppose you must know her very
invitation. I’d rather not come. well, then?
D) Do you think she is as clever as
A) I think you can keep an eye on our people say she is?
house while we are away. E) That’s more than twenty years, isn’t
B) Which mountain will we set up our it?
tent?
C) But you will be busy with your work. 14) Edward : What was the problem with
D) You’ll regret about it later if you don’t Alice yesterday? She seemed very
come. depressed.
E) And I am sure you can recommend Brian: ____________.
us where to go. Edward: Oh what a pity! She’d been
waiting for it for so long.
12) Cedric: Don’t forget to pack some
spare rolls of film in the suitcase for the A) I think she is worried about exam
camera. results
B) Oh, you know Alice? She has just 17) Brian : There is a decay in your teeth if
moved here you are feeling pain. You should go to
C) She’d just heard that her mother is ill a dentist at once.
D) I am not sure I didn’t like to ask her Kevin : ____________ There is no
E) She was turned down for the possibility for it.
promotion at work Brian: Maybe it is because you have
grown so old. Deficiency of certain
15) Jim: ____________. minerals may also lead to such a
Thomas: Why is that? Have you made problem.
anything so gross? Kevin: I think you’re right. I must have it
Jim: Accidentally, I sold the share of checked immediately.
our company at a lower price than
possible and caused loss of profit. A) The one I went yesterday said that it
is my wisdom tooth
A) I am thinking of resigning from my B) I am too busy these days to spare
job for a better- paid one any time for it
B) Because of mismanagement, our C) But I am conscious enough to brush
company may go bankrupt soon them regularly
C) You’ll be our manager if you keep D) Is there anyone you can recommend
working so efficiently to me?
D) We had better embark on a new E) I always pay enough attention to my
enterprise to expand appearance
E) My likelihood of promotion in the
company is in jeopardy 18) Fred: _______________________
Darren: Thanks, but I don’t feel
16) Kane: Why is there some water on the comfortable in the company of strangers.
floor around the lavatory? Fred: It is up to you, but I assure that
Is it you who poured it? you will have fun should you come along.
Michael: ____________. I noticed it a Darren: I would rather stay alone.
few minutes ago. Besides, I have to revise my school notes.
Kane: Then we should call a plumber to
repair it. A) Would you like to dine out this
evening for a change?
A) No, there must be a leakage from B) I wish you could find a job and
the water pipe started earning your living.
B) It was just an accident. I broke the C) If you don’t feel offended, I
glassware water jug have to participate in a family
C) Yes, I splashed it while I was reunion.
washing my face D) Our mutual friends will be
D) I must have left the tap open celebrating their graduation.
E) Of course not. One of the children Shall we drop in for a while?
may have splashed it E) One of my old school friends is
giving a party. Why don’t you
too come?
Harrison: Why? What have I done to
19) Brad: Can I give you a lift home? make you feel like that?
Angelina: __________ Terry: ____________.
Brad: I said, "Can I give you a lift Harrison: I didn’t have any other
home?" alternatives, because she couldn’t have
Angelina: Isn't it out of your way? understood if I had done it implicitly.
Brad: No, it's on my way home.
A) Your attitudes towards your
A) Sorry but I didn't quite catch friends are very rude
that. B) You cannot understand
B) Do you really want this? anything the first time it is told
C) I didn’t know you had a lift in C) You have really weird
your building. behaviours towards the people
D) You don’t really want to give a around you
lift, do you? D) You shouldn’t have told your
E) Can you take me in your car? mother to go out of the room
plainly
20) Terry: Sometimes I cannot understand E) You are a teacher and you
the way you behave, Harrison. have to be a lesson to your
students
1 D 18 E
2 E 19 A
3 C 20 D
4 C
5 B
6 C
7 B
8 E
9 B
10 A
11 D
12 B
13 C
14 E
15 E
16 A
17 A
ÇEVİRİ BÖLÜMÜ
1) Devletin başta gelen görevi, kanuna E) That men use chemicals results in
uyan insanların suçtan korunmalarını air pollution and it present dangers
garanti etmektir. for people everywhere.
A) The first responsibility of a state 3) Hiç kimsenin verilen görevi bitirmeden

has to protect the law-abiding işini bırakmasına izin verilmemektedir.
people from crime.
B) The essential duty of the state is A) We cannot let anyone here to stop
ensuring law-abiding people his work without completing the
protection from crime. task given.
C) First of all, it is the duty of the state B) No one is allowed to quit his job
to ensure law-abiding ones to without fulfilling his assigned duty.
protect from crime. C) Nobody is able to resign his job
D) The inevitable duty of states is that without our permission and before
they have to ensure that law- finishing his work first.
abiding people protecting from D) In no way can anyone stop working
crime. before we get our work fulfilled.
E) The first duty of the state is to E) There is no way anybody can leave
ensure that law-abiding people are work unless he fulfils the work he is
protected from crime. doing.
2) Hava kirliliği insanın zararlı kimyasal 4) Today’s cities are faced with many
maddeleri kullanmasının bir sonucudur serious problems, most of which are
ve hem gelişmekte olan hem de sanayi caused by massive migration.
ülkeleri için ortak bir tehlikedir.
A) Günümüzün şehirleri, toplu
A) With the heavy use of dangerous göçlerden kaynaklanan ciddi
chemicals, there is the common sorunlarla karşı karşıyadırlar.
danger for developed and other B) Günümüzde toplu göçlerin getirdiği
countries that the air is polluted. sorunlar bugünkü şehirlerin karşı
B) The result of man’s ambition with karşıya kaldığı ciddi meselelerdir.
the use of chemicals is causing air C) Pek çok sorunla karşı karşıya olan
pollution in the developing and günümüz şehirlerinin bir diğer ciddi
developed countries. sorunu da toplu göçlerdir.
C) Air pollution is the result of man’s D) Bugünkü şehirlerimiz, toplu göçlerle
use of chemicals and is a common beraber gelen pek çok ciddi sorunla
hazard in both industrial and yüzleşmek zorundadırlar.
developing countries. E) Bugünün şehirleri, çoğuna toplu
D) Air is heavily polluted by people göçlerin sebep olduğu pek çok
using chemicals in developed and sorunla karşı karşıyadır.
underdeveloped countries.
5) The unceasing applaud showed how 7) Öğrenciler üniversitede derslerin büyük
content the audience was with the last bölümünün çok soyut olduğunu ve bu
speaker. yüzden kendilerini iş dünyasına
hazırlamadığını iddia ediyorlar.
A) Ardı arkası kesilmeyen alkış,
dinleyicilerin son konuşmacıdan ne A) The great majority of university
kadar hoşnut olduğunu gösterdi. students argue that they are taught
B) Dinleyicilerin çok hoşuna giden very abstract subjects, which are
konuşmacı hiç durmaksızın useless in business life.
alkışlandı. B) Students claim that university
C) Dinleyiciler son konuşmacıyı o subjects are very abstract and
kadar çok beğendiler ki onu hiç therefore don’t prepare them for
durmadan alkışladılar. business life.
D) Ardı arkası kesilmeden alkışlanan C) During their university education,
son konuşmacı dinleyiciler students aren’t prepared for
tarafından çok beğenilmiştir. business life, as most of their
E) Dinleyiciler hiç durmadan courses are abstract.
alkışlayarak son konuşmacıyı ne D) A great number of university
kadar beğendiklerini gösterdiler. students believe that university
subjects are too abstract for them
to prepare for business life.
6) By the year 1991, there will be 3,5 E) Most students think that university
million people who are 75 years old or courses are far from preparing
over in England and Wales. them for business life because of
their abstract nature.
A) 1991 yılına kadar İngiltere ve
Galler’in 75 yaşında ya da daha 8) Üç hafta önce annemden aldığım
yaşlı insan nüfusu 3,5 milyon mektuba henüz cevap vermedim.
olacak.
B) 1991 yılından beri İngiltere ve A) It’s three weeks since I received a
Galler’de yaşayan 75 ya da letter from my mother but I haven’t
üzerinde 3,5 milyondan fazla insan written to her yet.
olacak. B) The letter I sent to my mother took
C) 1991 yılında İngiltere ve Galler’in three weeks to reach there.
75 yaşında ya da daha yaşlı 3,5 C) I haven’t had a reply to the letter I
milyonluk yaşlı bir nüfusu olacak. sent to my mother three weeks
D) 1991 yılına kadar İngiltere ve ago.
Galler’de 75 ya da üzeri yaşta 3,5 D) I haven’t yet replied to the letter I
milyon insan olacak. received from my mother three
E) 1991 yılından sonra İngiltere ve weeks ago.
Galler’de 75 yaş ya da üstünde 3,5 E) I sent a letter three weeks ago, yet
milyon insan olacaktır. haven’t received a reply to it yet.
9) Beni büyüleyen şey evin kendisi değil, E) The argument that through
çiçeklerle dolu küçük bahçesiydi. television one becomes instantly
aware of what is going on in the
A) What fascinated me was not the world is used by those who say that
house itself, but its small garden television is useful.
full of flowers.
B) It was the tiny garden full of flowers 11) The complexity of our present day
that made the house look so society has increased the need for
attractive to me. guidance and counselling.
C) I was charmed by the small garden
with its various flowers, not by the A) Rehberlik ve danışmanlık
house itself. günümüzün karmaşık toplumunda
D) The garden with magnificent en çok gereksinim duyulan şeydir.
flowers in it was really attractive, B) Toplumun karmaşıklığı günümüzde
but the house wasn’t. rehberlik ve danışmanlığı gerekli
E) The garden, full of flowers, kılmıştır.
attracted me more than the house C) Günümüz toplumun karmaşıklığı
did. rehberlik ve danışmanlığa olan
ihtiyacı artırmıştır.
10) Televizyonun yararlı olduğunu D) Günümüzde rehberlik ve
savunanlar, televizyon yoluyla dünyada danışmanlığa olan gereksinimin
neler olup bittiğinden anında haberdar artması toplumun karmaşık
olduklarını söylüyorlar. yapısından kaynaklanmaktadır.
E) Toplumun giderek daha karmaşık
A) The argument that television is bir hal aldığı günümüzde rehberlik
useful is supported by those who ve danışmalığa olan gereksinim
say that it allows us to become büyümüştür.
aware of what is going on in the
world immediately. 12) To most sociologists, the term family
B) That it allows us to become refers to persons related by blood,
instantly aware of what is going on marriage or adoption, and who share a
in the world is an argument common residence.
employed by those who say that
television is useful. A) Sosyolojik olarak aile, kan, evlilik
C) Those who argue that television is ya da evlat edinme yoluyla birbirine
useful say that, through television, bağlanmış, aynı ikametgâhta
they instantly become aware of yaşayan insanlardan oluşan
what is going on in the world. topluluktur.
D) The way television makes us B) Çoğu sosyologa göre aile terimi,
instantly aware of what is kan evlilik ya da evlat edinme
happening in the world is an yoluyla bağlanan ve ortak bir
argument in favour of its ikametgâhı paylaşan kişileri anlatır.
usefulness. C) Sosyologların ifadesine göre, aile
terimi sadece kan, evlilik ya da
evlat edinme yoluyla bağlı olanları C) Ekonomik durgunluk ve işsizlik,
değil, aynı ikametgâhta oturan gelişmekte olana pek çok ülkenin
kişileri de kapsar. başlıca sorunlarının
D) Çoğu sosyolog, aynı ikametgâhta oluşturmaktadır.
oturmasalar bile, kan, evlilik veya D) Ekonomik durgunluk ve işsizlik, pek
evlat edinme yoluyla birbirlerine çok gelişmekte olan ülkenin
bağlanan insanların aile yaşadığı ciddi sorunlardır.
oluşturduğunu savunur. E) Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin temel
E) Sosyologların tanımına göre, aile sorunları ekonomik durgunluk ve
bireyleri, kan, evlilik ya da evlat işsizliktir.
edinme yoluyla birbirlerine bağlıdır
ve ortak bir ikametgâhı paylaşırlar. 15) Şirketin 10. kuruluş yıldönümünü
kutlamak için gelecek hafta çok büyük
13) He is a little hesitant as to whether he bir parti verilecek.
will be able to cope with such a huge
project on his own. A) The tenth anniversary of the firm’s
foundation will be celebrated with
A) Tek başına bu kadar büyük bir an immense party next week.
projenin üstesinden nasıl geldiği B) It’s the tenth anniversary of the
merak konusudur. firm’s foundation next week, so a
B) Onun, bu kadar büyük bir projenin big party is going to be held to
üstesinden gelebileceği konusunda celebrate it.
tereddütleri var. C) In order to celebrate the tenth
C) Projenin çok büyük olması, onun anniversary of the firm’s
tek başına başarabileceği foundation, a huge party will be
konusunda tereddütler yarattı. held next week.
D) Böyle büyük bir projeyi tek başına D) The firm’s foundation anniversary is
üstlenmeye cesaret edip celebrated every ten years, with an
edemeyeceği merak ediliyor. immense party, and this year’s will
E) Böyle büyük bir projenin üstesinden be held next week.
tek başına gelip gelemeyeceği E) The firm is going to hold a huge
konusunda biraz tereddütlüydü. party next week to celebrate the
tenth anniversary of its foundation.
14) Economic stagnation and
unemployment constitute the main 16) Hayatla başa çıkabilmek için,
problems of many developing sorunlardan kaçmak yerine onlara
countries. göğüs germeyi öğrenmek zorundasın.
A) Ekonomik durgunluk ve işsizlik, A) You shouldn’t escape from your

gelişmekte olan ülkelerde daha problems but face them so that you
birçok soruna neden olmaktadır. can cope with life.
B) Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin pek çok B) In order to cope with life, you have
sorunu, ekonomik durgunluk ve to learn to face problems rather
işsizlikten kaynaklanmaktadır. than escape from them.
C) I advise you to face your problems D) The hostility between the two
instead of escaping from them; families had really bad effects, as it
otherwise, you can’t cope with life. lasted for years.
D) The conditions of life require you to E) Both families have been badly
face your problems, not to escape affected by the hostility going on
from them between them for years.
E) You are obliged to be strong
enough to face your problems in 19) In today’s economy, the development
order not to be overcome by the of products and services depends
hardship of life. significantly upon the transfer of
17) Birkaç kişinin itirazına rağmen technology from research institutions
çoğunluğun desteğiyle teklifimiz kabul into commerce and industry.
edildi.
A) Günümüz ekonomisinde
A) Although a few people objected to teknolojinin ürün ve hizmetlerde
our proposal, we managed to have önemli ölçüde kullanılması, ticaret
the majority’s support. ve sanayi ile araştırma kurumlarını
B) We had our proposal accepted with birbirine bağlamıştır.
the majority’s support, although B) Bugünün ekonomisinde iyi hizmet
there were a few who objected. ve kaliteli ürün, önemli ölçüde
C) There were only a few objections to teknolojinin araştırma
our proposal, so it was accepted kurumlarından ticaret ve sanayiye
with the majority’s support. aktarılmasına bağlanır.
D) Our proposal was accepted with C) Günümüz ekonomisinde hizmet ve
the majority’s support, despite the ürünlerin geliştirilmesi sadece
objections from a few people. araştırma kurumlarından ticaret ve
E) Apart from a few people who sanayiye aktarılan teknolojinin
objected to our proposal, we had kullanılmasına dayanmaktadır.
the majority’s support. D) Günümüz ekonomisinde, ürün ve
hizmetlerin geliştirilmesi önemli
18) Aralarında yıllardır süregelen ölçüde, araştırma kurumlarından
düşmanlık yüzünden her iki aile de kötü ticaret ve sanayiye teknoloji nakline
etkilendi. bağlıdır.
E) Bugünün ekonomisinde ürünler ve
A) Both families were badly affected hizmetler, araştırma kurumlarından
when the hostility between them ticaret ve sanayiye akan teknoloji
lasted for years. sayesinde geliştirilmektedir.
B) Because it has been going on for
years, the hostility has had really 20) The amount of carbon dioxide in the
bad effects on both families. atmosphere has been increasing by 0.4
C) The hostility between the two percent a year because of the use of
families continuing for years has fossil fuels such as oil, gas, and coal.
affected them badly.
A) Petrol, gaz ve kömür gibi fosil olan erkek ya da kadınlar,
yakıtları yoğun olarak fevkalade yararlı işler yaparak
kullanıldığından atmosferdeki kahraman olurlar.
karbon dioksit oranı her yıl %0,4 E) Mitlerde anlatılan bir kahraman,
artmıştır. sıradan bir insanınkilerden çok
B) Petrol, gaz ve kömür gibi fosil farklı güçleri olan ve bunlarla sıra
yakıtlarının kullanılması, dışı yararlı işler yapan bir kadın ya
atmosferdeki karbon dioksit da erkektir.
miktarını her yıl %0,4 artırmaktadır.
C) Petrol, gaz ve kömür gibi fosil 22) A work of literature is a creative,
yakıtlarının kullanımı yüzünden universal form of expression that
atmosferdeki karbondioksit miktarı addresses the emotional, spiritual, or
yılda %0,4 artmaktadır. intellectual concerns of humanity
D) Atmosferdeki karbondioksit miktarı
yılda %0,4 artıyor, çünkü petrol, A) İnsanlığın duygusal, ruhsal ya da
gaz ve kömür gibi fosil yakıtları zihinsel kaygılarına hitap eden bir
bütün dünyada kullanılmaktadır. edebiyat eseri, yaratıcı, evrensel bir
E) Her yıl atmosferin karbon dioksit ifade şeklidir.
miktarındaki %0,4’lük artış, petrol B) Evrensel bir şekilde ifade edilebilen
gaz ve kömür gibi fosil yakıtlarının bir edebiyat eseri insanlığın
kullanımından kaynaklanmaktadır. duygusal, ruhsal ya da zihinsel
kaygılarına hitap eder.
21) A hero in myths is a man or woman C) Bir edebiyat eseri insanlığın
commonly possessing powers far duygusal, ruhsal ya da zihinsel
beyond those of an average human, kaygılarına hitap etmekten ziyade,
which enable him or her to perform yaratıcı, evrensel bir ifade şeklidir.
some truly extraordinary, beneficial D) Bir edebiyat eseri, insanlığın
deeds. duygusal, ruhsal ya da zihinsel
kaygılarına hitap eden yaratıcı,
A) Mitlerde kahraman bazı sıra dışı, evrensel bir ifade şeklidir.
yararlı işler yapmasını mümkün E) Bir edebiyat eseri, insanlığın
kılan sıra dışı güçlere sahip bir duygusal, ruhsal ya da zihinsel
erkek ya da kadındır. kaygılarına hitap ettiği sürece
B) Mitlerde kahraman, onun bazı yaratıcı, evrensel bir ifade şeklidir.
gerçekten sıra dışı, yararlı işler
yapmasını sağlayan sıradan bir 23) Duvarı olmayan zengin bir yer
insanınkilerin çok ötesinde güçlere gördüğünüzde, bu zengin yerin fakir
sahip olan bir erkek ya da kadındır. komşularıyla iyi ilişkiler içerisinde
C) Mitlerde bir kişinin kahraman olduğu çıkarımını rahatlıkla
olabilmesi, sahip olduğu sıra dışı yapabilirsiniz.
güçlerle yararlı işler yapabilmesine
bağlıdır. A) It can be easily inferred from a rich
D) Mitlerde sıradan insanın place without a wall that the rich
güçlerinden çok öte güçlere sahip
place gets along with its poor good terms with its poor
neighbours. neighbours.
B) If you confront a rich place that D) One who has seen a rich place
doesn’t have a wall around it, you without a wall can easily claim that
can safely infer that the rich place the rich place had good
was on good terms with its poor relationships with its poor
neighbours. neighbours.
C) When you see a rich place without E) Having seen a rich place without a
a wall, you can safely make the wall, anyone can easily allege that
inference that the rich place was on the rich place was in harmony with
its poverty-stricken neighbours.
1 E 12 B 5 A 16 B 9 A 20 C
2 C 13 B 6 D 17 D 10 C 21 B
3 B 14 C 7 B 18 C 11 C 22 D
4 E 15 C 8 D 19 D 23 C
DURUM SORULARI C) Why not call a police? The boy over

there is giving damage to public
1) A friend of yours returns to work after property.
his father's funeral. You try to D) Should you like to know what action
sympathize with him and say to him: you'll take? A boy in the next room is
busy carving a table.
A) Welcome back, Jack. I am sorry to E) Soon you'll find yourself with a table
hear about your father. with a boy's initials on.
B) Your father is better dead than alive.
C) I hope you're feeling much happier
now. 3) A friend who is notorious for
D) What kept you so long? unpunctuality arrives late again for a
E) My father died, too. So I know how date with you, apologizing profusely as
you must be feeling. usual. Reply to comfort him:
A) You are notorious for your

2) In a public library, you find yourself next unpunctuality, aren't you?
to a young boy who is carving his B) My watch must be slow again, I
initials on a brand new table. Tell the think. I must have it checked by a
librarian: clock-maker.
C) Don't worry. Real friends wait.
A) I'm really sorry for disturbing, but I D) I suggest you try to learn to be
think someone should talk to the boy punctual; otherwise you're going to lose
who is carving one of the tables. all your friends.
B) In the library there is going to be a E) I shall appreciate your conveying my
table which has initials of a boy. regrets and my "good-bye".
A) I know that I should have done it, but
I didn't.
4) A holy festival is approaching, and you B) My parents insisted that we should
want to buy a present for your mother. go a family reunion, so I couldn't do it.
But you are unsure of what type of a C) I was too ill to do it, sir.
gift is suitable for her, so you ask your D) There were a lot of unexpected
brother: guests and I had to help mum.
E) I'm sorry. I forgot that you had given
A) Can you give me some money so the homework. So I didn't do it.
that we can buy a valuable present for
mum? 7) A friend of yours is in trouble with his
B) How can we buy a present for mum? math teacher. You advise him, instead
C) What do you think is appropriate for of talking behind him, to be more
mum as a present? respectful and say:
D) When should we give mum the
present? A) You should stare at him whenever
E) We'd better buy a priceless, but you see him.
simple-looking gift for her. B) Why don't you complain to your
parents about him?
5) On your way to school, your car C) Never mind. He is a very conceited
stopped due to an inexplicable reason. person.
You try to repair it, but without success. D) He'll sooner or later notice your
You call a mechanic, but he asks you exceptional talents.
to explain the trouble. You say to him: E) You'd better go and talk to him
openly about the situation.
A) I don't know how to fix it by myself.
B) I don't know exactly what the trouble 8) Telephone rings, and there is
is, but there must be something wrong somebody on the phone who wants to
with the engine. talk to Mr. Soli. Yet, you don't know
C) There is a trouble with the radiator. I anybody whose name is Soli. So you
can do it on my own. reply to the person:
D) You should come with certain tools
in order to repair a gear-problem. A) I am sorry; there isn't anybody here
E) How can I mend it? Can you by that name.
recommend me a manual for such an B) How can I help you?
unexpected trouble? C) Just a minute. I'll go and look his
phone number up in the telephone
6) While preparing to go to school, you directory.
suddenly realize that you didn't do the D) How dare you call at such a late
assignment given to you by the hour?
teacher. When you are asked about the E) Sorry, but he is in deep asleep right
reason, tell the teacher the truth. now. Can you call again later?
9) You see a job advertisement in the D) How stubborn you are. I wouldn't
paper. You call the company and ask behave like that myself.
for more information about the E) I have got driving licence. I can drive
qualifications needed for the position. your car like a professional.
So, you ask:
A) Can I talk to a more qualified person, 12) Your uncle has brought you a T-shirt as
please? a present. Though it is a colour that
B) I wonder if you can tell me exactly doesn't appeal to you, you're trying to
how much you'll pay a month. show your gratitude. You say:
C) Is there an in-job training course for
the applicants? A) How kind of you to bring it for me.
D) Could you give me more details Thank you a lot.
about requirements expected from the B) I would rather you'd bought
candidates? something with a lively colour.
E) What sort of qualifications do you C) How can you buy something awful
think this job will provide for me? like this?
D) You must have bought it for
10) A friend is very worried about an someone the same age as you.
interview tomorrow. Reassure her. E) At least you could have left me the
choice of colour.
A) If I were you, I would feel just the
same or maybe even worse.
B) Let me tell you about my first 13) You have been accepted for a top
interview. It was really a tragedy. position in a newly-founded firm. You
C) Bet you are worried! I know you want to let your parents know about it.
can't help it. You call them and say:
D) Stop worrying about that stupid
interview. There are always others. A) You must know how I am feeling
E) Honestly, I have a high opinion of now after I've been turned down.
you. You will be elected. B) The moment I step into the
company, I'll go and meet the manager.
C) You cannot imagine how happy I
11) Your parent's don't approve of your am. I will work as a manager in LCB.
going on a holiday with your friends. D) How challenging it is to find a work
Trying to persuade them to allow you, in this country.
you say: E) Can you come and help me to move
to that city?
A) I promise that I won't swim away
from the coast.
B) I can do the entire household chorus 14) You have gone to a drama play with
if you let me go. your friend. After a short while, you find
C) You know that I am old enough to it too unbearable to watch till the end;
look after myself. so you say to your friend:
A) The main actor is actually giving the
best performance. 17) You try to comfort a student who feels
B) The audience are very keen to shy and, that is why, can't speak
watch every gesture. English in class. You say:
C) How can you watch something so
boring for two long hours? A) You mustn't be so hesitant.
D) We should wait and congratulate the Everybody has the same problem.
players at the end. B) You should practise a lot when you
E) Shall we leave now? Because it is are on your own.
too dull. C) Whenever you speak English, I
cannot help laughing.
15) You're staying with a host family D) I wonder where you got such an odd
abroad. They offer you a dish you don't accent.
like. You want to avoid eating it without E) The chairs in the classroom don't
offending them. You say: feel comfortable.
A) I can't stand this food.

B) I've never eaten such an awful food. 18) You are at the dentist’s for the first time
C) Even the sight of this food makes and you think that it will give you a lot
me sick. of pain to have your tooth pulled out.
D) This meal has gone bad. While you are thinking about all this
E) I am full. I don't feel like eating any you hear the dentist’s voice, saying that
more. his work is over. You feel amazed at
and grateful to his painless service; you
express it, saying:
16) You want to invent your money
profitably. So you wish to consult a A) You must be experienced enough in
friend of yours who is an economist. this job, as you have a good
You say to him: reputation among your patients.
B) I will be grateful to you if you pull out
A) I wish I could consult my my tooth without much pain.
knowledgeable friend. C) How often do you think I should
B) I fully rely on your opinion on brush my teeth?
economic matters and ask you to D) I owe a lot to you. I though it would
advise me about the new policy. give me too much pain, which is the
C) They say investment in stock opposite of what I have experienced.
exchange is the most profitable. E) You won’t cause much pain while
D) As an expert in economic matters, you’re doing your work, will you?
can you tell me how I should make
the best use of my money?
E) You should be able to comment on
the investments made so far by our
company.
1 E 11 C
2 A 12 A
3 C 13 C
4 C 14 E
5 B 15 E
6 E 16 B
7 E 17 A
8 A 18 D
9 D
10 D
UYMAYAN CÜMLEYİ BULMAK sufficient in order to understand the
characteristics of a person. (IV) It is
Exercises believed that what is in our mind will, as
1) (I) Listening in class is not like listening to a time passes, be reflected in our faces. (V)
TV program, listening to a friend, or even Those with good hearts and minds will soon
listening to a speaker at a meeting. (II) The have a more radiant and friendly faces.
difference, of course, is that what is said in
class is vital to your success in the class. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
(III) Knowing how to listen can help you get
more out of what you hear, understand 4) (I) Feng shui is a study of our surroundings
better what you have heard, and save you that is closely related to what life would
time in the process. (IV) That aspect of bring. (II) Good or bad feng shui is a matter
learning clearly determines the importance of Chi flowing in a specific area. (III) From
of concentration during the lesson. (V) feng shui perspective, a balanced
Another significant point to listening during environment must be in harmony with the
the lesson is that students are to realize five elements that form the Universe -
what points are of great importance. metal, wood, water, fire, earth, each of
which has its own position in a particular
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V area. (IV) This kind of philosophy enables
one to draw positive points into one’s life.
2) (I) In general, people believe that palm (V) For example, an ideal home is
reading for males is based on the left hand supposed to have plants (wood) in the
and reading for females is on the right East, something red (fire) in the South, TV
hand. (II) Palm reading is a kind of ancient or radio set (metal) in the West.
wisdom that ever existed long before the
emergence of Christianity in the West. (III) A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
This is a misconception and the logic is
difficult to believe. (IV) Even though lines 5) (I) Lakshmi is depicted as a beautiful
on both hands are quite similar but the woman of golden complexion, with four
depth and length of them are not entirely hands, sitting or standing on a full-bloomed
identical. (V) In order to foresee the future lotus and holding lotus buds, which
from a broader perspective, we need to symbolize beauty, purity and fertility. (II) In
take two hands as a whole for more subtle ancient times, it was a custom for the tribes
analysis. to celebrate the birth date of this god. (III)
Cascades of gold coins are seen flowing
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V from her hands, suggesting that those who
worship her will gain great wealth. (IV) She
3) (I) Face reading is not only for revealing always wears red clothes embroidered with
one's personality, health condition, gold. (V) Here red symbolizes activity and
business prospects and relationships. (II) It the golden lining indicates prosperity.
is also an integrated knowledge of biology,
psychology as well as statistics. (III) For A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
that reason, face reading by itself is not
6) St Valentine's Day is a kind of holiday often take for granted. (IV) Besides, we
dedicated to lovers. (II) The holiday have to somehow prove to other people
probably derives from the ancient Roman that we are worthy of their esteem and
feast of Lupercalis (February 15). (III) It is through their eyes we can, therefore, prove
celebrated on February 14 by the custom of to ourselves that we are really valuable. (V)
sending greeting cards or gifts to express Often we spend excessive amounts of time
affection to a chosen partner. (IV) The doing that and we lose sight of the basic
cards, known as valentines, are generally fact that we are usually all right just as we
sent anonymously and are often designed are, in spite of the fact that we are not
with hearts to symbolize love. (V) Originally perfect.
a festival for shepherds, it was celebrated
in honour of Faunus. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 9) (I) New Satellite imagery has sent excellent

data that could prove the existence of
7) Thanksgiving Day is a legal holiday in the Atlantis as described by Plato. (II) For
United States and in Canada, first years, the question lurked "Is the story of
celebrated in early colonial times in New Atlantis true?" but we may soon receive
England. (II) The actual origin, however, is enough information to actually confirm the
probably the harvest festivals that are answer. (III) Recent satellite imagery
traditional in many parts of the world. (III) revealed two rectangular structures and
After the first harvest was completed by the parts of concentric rings that may once
Plymouth colonists in 1621, Governor have surrounded them. (IV) Around 10-15
William Bradford proclaimed a day of thousand years ago, Atlantis was a land of
thanksgiving and prayer, shared by all the happy joyous people. (V) It appears this
colonists and neighbouring Native region is actually located off the coast of
Americans. (IV) During the American War Spain.
of Independence a yearly day of national
thanksgiving was suggested by the A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Continental Congress. (V) Gradually the
custom prevailed in New England of 10) (I) The Norman conquest of England in
annually celebrating thanksgiving after the 1066 traditionally signifies the beginning of
harvest. 200 years of the domination of French in
English letters. (II) French cultural
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V dominance, moreover, was general in
Europe at this time. (III) French language
8) (I) The value that other people placed on us and culture replaced English in polite court
and that which we placed on ourselves had society and had lasting effects on English
very little to do with how well we did or how culture. (IV) By the mid-14th century,
well we performed. (II) As adults we often Middle English had become the literary as
believe we must continually justify our place well as the spoken language of England.
in the world. (III) By making a list like this (V) But the native tradition survived,
we can sometimes rediscover those very although little 13th-century, and even less
likable qualities about ourselves that we
12th-century, vernacular literature is extant, the Christian church for historical reasons.
since most of it was transmitted orally. (IV) There are practical geometrical
theories as well. (V) Today the seven-day
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V week is enforced by global business and
11) (I) When you avoid making garbage in the media schedules, especially television and
first place, you don't have to worry about banking.
disposing of waste or recycling it later. (II)
Alternatively, you can throw the wastes A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
away once in a month. (III) Changing your
habits is the key. (IV) Think about ways you
can reduce your waste when you shop, 14) (I) On 5 October 1960 an early-warning
work and play. (V) There's a ton of ways for system warned the North American
you to reduce waste, save yourself some Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD) of
time and money, and be good to the Earth a massive Soviet nuclear missile strike
at the same time. approaching the United States. (II) A
computer fault was detected in time, but
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V three days later the same error occurred
and again the bombers were put on alert.
(III) What happened is that a fault in a
12) (I) On one point everybody agrees; the computer system had removed two zeros
works of William Shakespeare are the from the radar's ranging components. (IV) It
greatest works ever written in the history of was detecting the missile attack at 4 000km
the English language. (II) They are so (2,500 miles) away. (V) The radar was
great, in fact, that they shaped the actually detecting a reflection from the
language itself. (III) However, a controversy moon, located 400 000km (250,000 miles)
which has existed and apparently even away.
existed in his lifetime was: Who wrote
Shakespeare? (IV) Before Shakespeare, A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
English was spoken in hundreds of dialects
often not mutually intelligible. (V) Because
of Shakespeare, the writing system became 15) (I) The cheetah is the fastest moving of all
uniform. the land animals. (II) The cheetah usually
prefers to hunt alone, but the males
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V sometimes hunt in packs. (III) It is capable
of reaching a speed of 70 kilometres an
hour in just 2 seconds. (IV) When in pursuit
13) (I) Digging into the history of the 7-day of prey it can travel at a speed of 100-127
week is a very complicated matter. (II) The kilometres an hour. (V) Moreover, it can
only thing we seem to know for certain keep up this speed for between 200 and
about the origin of the 7-day week is that 600 metres.
we know nothing for certain. (III) The
common explanation is that the seven-day A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
week was established as imperial calendar
in the late Roman empire and furthered by
16) (I) The Andes have been the base of many children how to read or to do mathematics,
cultures. (II) The potato is considered to in order to make classroom learning more
have been a pillar of Andean culture since effective
domestication. (III) Ritual ceremonies
marked by singing, dancing, and drinking A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
still take place throughout the year to
ensure a successful harvest. (IV) Young 19) (I) Unlike what it is claimed, bees, wasps
men playfully drag young women across and snakes are responsible for far more
potato fields to make the land fertile. (V) deaths each year than sharks. (II) This is
Cow horns and flutes are played to cheer the data compiled in the International
on the plants and bring rains. Shark Attack File. (III) Worldwide, sharks
attack only about 50 to 75 people each
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V year, and only 8 to12 of the attacks are
actually fatal. (IV) In the United States, the
17) (I) The weather effect known as El Niño annual risk of being killed by a lightning
occurs every few years and causes strike is some 30 times greater than the
warming of the Pacific Ocean near South risk of death by shark attack. (V) In fact,
America. (II) There are many other more people are killed driving to and from
phenomena of nature which affect the the beach than by sharks.
area. (III) It can have severe, often
detrimental, effects on rainfall. (IV) Some A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
scientists are blaming this particular
climate phenomenon for the current freak 20) (I) The small golden statue that is given as
weather conditions around the world. (V) the Oscar Award shows a knight holding a
However others say that El Niño hasn't crusaders' sword, standing on a reel of film
properly started yet and only affects the with five spokes. (II) Each spoke
Southern Hemisphere - so there is no way represents one branch of the Academy:
it can explain the heavy rains in Europe. actors, writers, directors, producers and
technicians. (III) Original names of this
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V statue included, 'the iron man', ' the golden
trophy' and 'the Academy statuette'. (IV) It
18) (I) Psychologists in the educational system wasn't until Academy librarian Margaret
give most of their attention to counselling Herrick remarked that it looked like her
and guidance. (II) They help students plan uncle Oscar, that the statue found its
their school and work careers. (III) name! (V) But in today’s world there are
Educational psychologists deal with the other awards which those involved in film-
processes of teaching and learning. (IV) making want to win.
Teachers who have a vast knowledge of
psychology can understand their students A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
better. (V) For example, they may
investigate new methods of teaching
1) E 4) D 7) D
2) B 5) B 8) C
3) C 6) E 9) D
10) D 14) D 18) C
11) E 15) B 19) D
12) C 16) A 20) E
13) D 17) B
PARAGRAF TAMAMLAMA BÖLÜMÜ

A) In a new social situation, they often
1) During a trip to Asia in the early 1800s, a wish they could disappear
German merchant – it is said – noticed that the B) Fortunately, there are several ways to
nomadic Tartars softened their meat by keeping overcome this problem
it under their saddles. _________. Then the C) It's also common to be a little nervous
Tartars would scrape it together and season it in a new social situation such as a
for eating. The idea of pounded beef found its party or a job interview
way back to the merchant's home town of D) Even students without social anxiety
Hamburg in which cooks broiled the meat and may have difficulty making friends
referred to it as Hamburg meat. E) They are expected to focus on the
other person during a conversation
A) The main problem was how to prepare
the ingredients of hamburger 3) Gothic romance is a type of novel that
B) Yet, how the word “hamburger” came flourished in the late 18th and early 19th
into existence is still unknown to many century in England. _____________, and they
people were usually set against dark backgrounds of
C) There have been many attempts to find medieval ruins and haunted castles. The Castle
a suitable name for this meal of Otranto by Horace Walpole was the
D) Their purpose was to make it suitable forerunner of the type, which included the works
for putting the meat in between the of Ann Radcliffe, Matthew Gregory Lewis, and
sliced bread Charles R. Maturin, and the novel Frankenstein
E) The motion of the horse pounded the by Mary Shelley.
meat to bits
A) During the 1960s so-called Gothic novels
2) Almost all students feel a little uncomfortable became enormously popular in England
or nervous when they have to speak in front of and the United States
others. ___________. Some students, B) The influence of the genre can be found in
however, become extremely nervous, or some works of Coleridge
scared, before they go to a social event or talk C) Popular practitioners of this genre are Mary
to a new person. They're usually afraid that Stewart, Victoria Holt, Catherine Cookson,
they won't fit in with the other people or that and Dorothy Eden
they'll say or do something to embarrass D) they were mysteries, often involving the
themselves. supernatural and heavily tinged with horror
E) these novels usually concern spirited young
women, either governesses or new brides
B) But psychology is far more than the
4) __________. For example, to do the “Ail- treatment of personal problems
American Handshake”, you have to look into C) Psychologists seek to answer a wide range
another person's eyes, grasp his or her whole of important questions about human nature
hand, and pump it two or three times. This is D) Psychology overlaps with other sciences
the handshake of a good listener and that investigate behaviour and mental
trustworthy person. Politicians and salespeople processes
often use the “Two-Handed Shake” because it's E) For example, both psychology and
extra-friendly. Two-handed shakers put their left sociology explore how people behave when
hand on the other person's arm or shoulder as they are in groups
they shake hands. This can feel too friendly to
some people, so it's best to use it with good 6) _______________. For example, many
friends. features of working in an organization can
cause a person to have a poor attitude about
A) It's possible that the people with these their jobs and organizations (that is, they feel
handshakes are embarrassed or shy bad about their jobs and organizations), eg,
B) Watch out for people with handshakes that inadequate compensation, conflicts with their
pull your fingers, or twist and crush your supervisor, inconsistent or conflicting
hand communications from senior management,
C) It's hard to be successful without mastering unfulfilling work, hostile communications
a good handshake such as the “Ail- between employees, etc. Some people adopt a
American” poor attitude because that is their way "of being
D) According to an expert in sociology, you in the world," ie, they often resent their
can change your handshake with lots of environment no matter what is going on around
practice them.
E) The secret of the successful handshake is
no secret anymore A) Some people feel poorly about themselves,
which affects their attitude about their
5) Psychology is the scientific study of environment
behaviour and the mind. _______. The first is B) Some people work hard to keep a positive
that psychology is a scientific enterprise that attitude
obtains knowledge through systematic and C) A person's attitude represents how they
objective methods of observation and feel or their state of mind about something
experimentation. Second is that psychologist’s D) People often have better overall health and
study behaviour, which refers to any action or can effectively address major challenges in
reaction that can be measured or observed— the workplace
such as the blink of an eye, an increase in heart E) When our successful or our good feelings
rate, or the unruly violence that often erupts in a are dependent upon others’ approval of us,
mob. Third is that psychologists study the mind, we are placing all of our value in someone
which refers to both conscious and unconscious else’s hands
mental states. These states cannot actually be
seen, only inferred from observable behaviour.
7) Librarians are teaching in classrooms all over
A) This definition contains three elements the world. A search of library literature reveals
articles on academic library instruction B) The Portuguese weather service said there
programs in Asia, Oceania, South America, was no meteorological explanation for the
Africa, and Europe. This study will examine the phenomenon
20th Century literature that explores academic C) The authorities were unable to say what the
library instruction programs around the world object was
with the exception of those in North America. D) We all may be extremely surprised with
___________. As such, many relevant articles events "yet to happen"
written in other languages have likely been E) There have been many rumours as to
excluded. where these objects came from
A) The academic librarians were taking the 9) The Oldowan industry was named by British
lead in showing students how to search the Kenyan anthropologists Louis Leakey and Mary
World Wide Web effectively Leakey for early archaeological sites found at
B) Instruction had been created to teach Olduvai Gorge in northern Tanzania. It is also
students how to use the integrated library sometimes referred to as the chopper-core or
information system, based on a CD-ROM pebble-tool industry. Simple stone artifacts
server made from small stones or blocks of stone
C) Examples of faculty-librarian cooperation characterize the Oldowan industry. Mary
and curriculum development from several Leakey classified Oldowan artefacts as either
institutions were included heavy-duty tools or light-duty tools.
D) Academic library instruction programs in ________________. Many of these cores may
China have been written about on several have been produced to generate sharp-edged
different occasions flakes, but some could have been used for
E) Only those articles that are written in chopping or scraping activities as well.
English from 1901-2000 indexed in ERIC or
Library Literature are considered A) In this classification, heavy-duty tools
include core types such as choppers,
8) A luminous unidentified flying object was discoids, polyhedrons, and heavy-duty
viewed in Portugal for over 25 minutes straight. scrapers
This UFO scare has put the Portugal Military on B) Oldowan techniques of manufacture
"UFO Alert". Many witnesses ranging from included hard-hammer percussion
important authorities to common citizens all C) Early humans probably also made tools
report the same story. _______________. All from a wide range of materials other than
cross-checks turned up negative. There were stone
no commercial, private, or military planes or D) For example, they probably used wood for
crafts in the vicinity of the sighting. Scientists simple digging sticks, spears, clubs, or
agree, this could not have been a meteor or a probes, and they probably used shell, hide,
fallen satellite in orbit. A meteor would have bark, or horn to fashion containers
traveled much faster, and descended quicker. E) Unfortunately, organic materials such as
these do not normally survive from earlier
A) UFO sightings and stories have been Stone Age times, so archaeologists can
increasing lately only speculate about whether such tools
were used
10) William Wordsworth was born on April 7,
1770, in Cockermouth, Cumberland, and A) The high rate of unemployment caused by
educated at Saint John's College, University of these trends has tended to drive wages
Cambridge. He developed a keen love of nature down further
as a youth, and ________. In the summer of B) The loss falls mainly on the worker who is
1790 he took a walking tour through France and displaced
Switzerland. After receiving his degree in 1791 C) The erosion of the middle of the labor market
he returned to France, where he became an is easy to misinterpret, because its roots
enthusiastic convert to the ideals of the French are multiple
Revolution. His lover Annette Vallon of Orleans D) When a machine replaces a production
bore him a daughter in December 1792, shortly worker, both the firm and consumers as a
before his return to England. Disheartened by group benefit
the outbreak of hostilities between France and E) If that loss is generalized to millions of high-
Great Britain in 1793, Wordsworth nevertheless paid workers, they suffer as a group
remained sympathetic to the French cause.
12) Soccer — or football, as it is called by the
A) these works, although fresh and original in rest of the world outside the United States — is
content, reflect the influence of the formal surely the most popular sport in the world.
style of 18th-century English poetry Every four years, the world championship of
B) this work is generally taken to mark the soccer, the World Cup, is watched by literally
beginning of the romantic movement in billions all over the world, beating out the United
English poetry States professional football's Super bowl by far.
C) during school vacation periods he It is estimated that 1.7 billion television viewers
frequently visited places noted for their watched the World Cup final between France
scenic beauty and Brazil in July of 1998. __________.
D) Wordsworth, however, was not
discouraged, continuing to write poetry that A) Recently the New England Revolution beat
graphically illustrated his principles the Tampa Bay Mutiny in a game played
E) this introspective account of his own during a horrid rainstorm
development was completed in 1805 and, B) However, the story of the game was buried
after substantial revision, published near the back of the newspaper's sports
posthumously in 1850 section
C) Those time-outs in the action are ideally
11) ____________. During the 1970s, the entry made for television commercials
into the work force of an unprecedented D) Anyone who has attended a live football
number of women and of young adults born game knows how commercial time-outs
during the baby boom resulted in too many slow the game and sometimes disrupt the
workers for the jobs available and depressed flow of events
wages. The decline of the middle also has E) What’s more, it is also a genuine world
something to do with the explosive growth in championship, involving teams from 32
world trade since 1960. As manufacturing countries in the final rounds
technologies have become more mobile,
production jobs have migrated from the U.S. to 13) In the fickle world of cinema, there are very
countries where wages are low. few names you can splash across a billboard to
ensure a film's financial success. Harrison Ford, C) Mel never went to the army, but instead
perhaps, or Julia Roberts. George Lucas, if it's headed off to drama school in Sydney,
a Star Wars movie. Tom Cruise seemed a cert shared a flat with one Geoffrey Rush
till Eyes Wide Shut. ________. As a director, D) Before the film “We were soldiers”, Mel
he's the most successful of all time. His films Gibson spent a lot of time with the real
have been so popular that people rush to see character “Hal Moore”
anything known as A Steven Spielberg E) From his two-decade old "Gallipoli" to "We
Production, even movies he merely financed. Were Soldiers", it appears that Mel has
come full circle
A) These names will probably make you
millions, but there's only one sure-fire 15) The great metropolis of New York City is
guarantee - Steven Spielberg the nerve centre of the nation. ___________.
B) He was born Steven Allan Spielberg on the Its John F. Kennedy International Airport is one
18th of December, 1946, in Cincinnati, Ohio of the busiest airports in the world. New York is
C) His father, Arnold, was an electrical also home to the New York Stock Exchange,
engineer involved in the development of the largest in the world. The convention and
computers, while mother Leah, a concert tourist business is an important source of the
pianist, looked after the four children city’s income.
D) The next couple of years Spielberg directed
a couple of movies that would be foretelling A) New York Bay was first discovered in 1524
to his future career in movies by an Italian-born navigator, Giovanni da
E) Spielberg has countless big grossing Verrazano
critically acclaimed credits to his name, B) It is a leader in manufacturing, foreign trade,
both as producer, director and writer commerce and banking
C) Nearly all the state’s manufacturing is done
14) ___________. Both are war films, both on Long Island and along the Hudson River
dealt with lost causes. Gibson admits that he is D) For a short time, New York City was the
drawn to those kinds of stories. He says, “I find capital of the United States
them compelling; the whole idea of when your E) Among its famous residents have been
back's against the wall, where do you go and many artists, scientists and politicians
what have you got? I mean flesh and blood
aren't simply enough. It requires more, as it 16) Lamartine was a French poet who lived
certainly did for these guys, to persevere and to between 1790 and 1869. At school he learned
come out of it or not come out of it. I just find Greek, Italian and English, and was strongly
those interesting." influenced by the classics. ___________. From
1811 to 1819 he attempted to write an epic and
A) Mel Gibson is one of America's great several tragedies in the classical manner. Yet it
actors, and on screen is as intense a was as a lyrical poet that he achieved fame.
performer as anyone exists in Hollywood
B) Some might say that there is an irony to A) In general, the Romantic writers placed the
Gibson doing this film; his family moved to individual, rather than society, at the centre of
Australia in order to escape the draft their vision
B) The term Romantic Age is used to describe D) Early Japanese sculpture is very
life and literature in Europe in the late reminiscent in style of the Chinese sculpture of
eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries the 5th and 6th centuries
C) He was a great admirer of Petrarch, E) There was a great change in the form of
Shakespeare and Byron representation in Japanese sculpture after the
D) The French Revolution, which he strongly 10th century
supported, gave great importance to liberty and
equality 18) _________. There is a set schedule at
E) Like any Romantic, he believed in the school, but at home I do whatever I want. I have
possibility of progress and improvement for deadlines for homework, though, and that can
humanity sometimes be very stressful, especially when
there are exams coming up. In my free time I
17) Stone sculpture is rare in Japan; there are like to relax by watching TV and reading. I
some fine 7th-century examples in bronze and prefer reading but sometimes it’s just too easy
clay, but bronze has never been very to switch TV.
extensively used. ___________. Hence, it is to
be noticed that all the finest works of Japanese A) I’d much prefer a lecture to a textbook and
sculpture are made of wood. Even so, the can ask questions when you don’t
Japanese are generally considered to be better understand
painters than sculptors. B) A sense of tranquillity is also significant in
making life enjoyable
A) Actually, wood is the only material which C) I tend to plan my spending according to a
has been used in Japanese sculpture budget, and I try not to buy things in
throughout its history impulse
B) There are a large number of relics of ancient D) Generally speaking, my time isn’t very
Japan, such as baked earthen figures, which strictly organized
may be called primitive sculpture E) I tend to rush from one task to another,
C) Some examples of 7th-century sculpture are which I find stressful
preserved in the Japanese museums today
1) E 7) E 13) A
2) C 8) B 14) E
3) D 9) A 15) B
4) E 10) C 16) C
5) A 11) C 17) A
6) C 12) E 18) D
YAKIN ANLAMLI CÜMLEYİ BULMA
1) Less is known about the cause of the common cold than about the causes of many more
serious diseases.
A) The causes of less serious diseases than the common cold are better known than it is.
B) We know less than we should about the causes of the common cold and more serious
diseases.
C) We know less about the common cold than we do about the causes of more serious
diseases.
D) The cause of the common cold is better known than the causes of more serious diseases.
E) Common cold is better known than other serious diseases.
2) The manager is unwilling to say anything as he has not yet had the chance to consult his legal
adviser.
A) Until he is instructed in the legal aspects of the matter, the manager is keeping quiet.
B) The manager doesn't want there to be a law case, so he is saying nothing.
C) The manager's lawyer has advised him to keep absolutely quiet.
D) In consultation with his lawyer, the manager has decided to answer no more questions.
E) The manager is referring all questions to his lawyer and answering none himself.
3) Owing to the poor visibility it took us ten hours, instead of the usual eight, to get to Istanbul.
A) The lights of Istanbul were visible two hours after we set out on our journey.
B) Even though we ran into a lot of fog on the way to Istanbul the journey didn't take much
longer than usual.
C) We waited two hours for the fog to lift before driving on to Istanbul.
D) The fog meant that we reached Istanbul two hours later than would be normal.
E) It takes between eight and ten hours to drive to Istanbul, depending on visibility.
4) You would have won the essay contest if you had typed your paper.
A) You did not win the essay contest even though you typed your paper.
B) You did not win the essay contest because you did not type your paper.
C) You won the essay contest in spite of not typing your paper.
D) Typing your paper made you win the essay contest.
E) You should have typed your paper to win the essay contest.
5) Almost all teenagers go through a phase when they are completely irresponsible.
A) Adolescents spend a lot of time behaving irresponsibly.

B) The period when most people don't have any responsibilities is in their teens.
C) Nearly every adolescent experiences a period of total lack of responsibility.
D) Between the ages of ten and twenty most people are not given any responsibilities.
E) People in their teens are usually entirely without responsibilities.
6) No one thought that any good could result from discussing the situation further.
A) Everyone expected things to get better if they talked about them more.
B) Everybody believed it was useless to go on talking about the situation.
C) The more it was discussed, the worse everything became.
D) By extending the talks we all thought that things would improve.
E) There wasn't anybody that believed that the situation could be resolved through talking.
7) I regret not taking more money on me while going shopping.
A) I wish I had taken more money on the way to the shops for shopping.
B) I am worried that I don't carry much money with me when I go shopping.
C) To my surprise I had to spend more money than I had expected.
D) If only I took more money whenever I go shopping.
E) I didn't take enough money, and as a result I couldn't buy all I wanted.
8) She made twice as many mistakes as I did in the exam.
A) She didn't study as much as I did for the exam.

B) She felt sorry for not being able to get a higher grade.
C) She made a few more mistakes than me in the exam.
D) The difference between her and me is that she studies less than me.
E) I made fewer mistakes than her during the exam.
9) Some of the passengers couldn't arrive at the meeting spot in time, which made it possible for
the bus to depart fifteen minutes later.
A) Some passengers were late and the others should have waited for them.
B) That some of the passengers were unable to arrive at the meeting place quickened the
departure time.
C) Some passengers missed the bus which left fifteen minutes earlier.
D) The fact that some of the passengers were late for the departure time delayed the departure
of the bus for fifteen minutes.
E) Not all of the passengers were at the arranged spot, so the others were angry at them.
10) The suspect said that he had nothing to do with the murder.
A) The person who was thought to have committed the crime didn't admit the murder.
B) The suspect claimed that he had nothing with which to commit the murder.
C) The suspected person denied that he had some sharp tools to commit the murder.
D) We were still sure that the suspect committed the murder with nothing on himself.
E) The suspect is still being questioned, as there are some blanks in the picture.
11) All the staff were surprised to learn that the most efficient worker had resigned.
A) Everybody in the company was puzzled by the most hardworking employee's decision to quit
working.
B) Nobody in the company had expected the most industrious worker to stop working.
C) The most skilled worker couldn't be persuaded to by his co-workers to go on working.
D) The company lost one of its most hardworking staff.
E) The company was sure that it would lose its competitive position after the most efficient
worker resigned.
12) The disease he's suffering is likely to be degenerative both to his physical and mental state.
A) Any disease he's likely to have will improve him mentally but not physically.
B) His disease will probably have adverse affects on his mental and physical state.
C) Nothing but a disease can weaken him physically and mentally.
D) Physical and mental deterioration is an inevitable outcome of his disease.
E) Degeneration of physiology may be the reason for his mental illness.
13) Her indifferent attitude towards her friends' sorrow upset all of them.
A) She behaves rather insensitively when her friends feel unhappy.

B) She acted rather differently from her friends when they all felt worried.
C) She would share her friends' sorrow if she knew about it.
D) She didn't do anything to relieve her friends grievance, which made them all unhappy.
E) She would share her friends' worry, but she is far from them?
14) As he doesn't know how fierce the competition in the market is, he won't able to keep his shop
running for long.
A) His lack of knowledge about the unfavourable condition in the market will soon lead him to go
bankrupt.
B) He decided to compete fiercely with his rivals to keep his shop running for a long time.
C) He was comparatively unaware of the rivalry in the market, so he lost his job soon.
D) He is neither competent nor productive enough to run a shop.
E) He should first get the necessary documents to run a shop.
15) Because of his recklessness, he narrowly avoided running over a very old passer-by.
A) His reckless driving was the chief reason for his having frequent accidents.
B) Even though he was an alert driver, he now and then had accidents that caused the death of
the elderly.
C) He had been warned for his recklessness, but it did him no good.
D) His carelessness will cause a passer-by to lose his life.
E) Since he was driving carelessly, he nearly hit an elderly pedestrian.
16) In general, the faster a country's economic growth, the faster the rise in living standard.
A) Living standard cannot be raised without a stable economic growth.

B) The speed of a country's economic progress is generally directly correlated with that of the
rise in living standard.
C) Usually economic decline in a country is accompanied with a decline in living standard.
D) First, economic growth must be accelerated so as to reach a high standard of living.
E) Economic expansion is the sole cause of a high standard living.
17) Spending a few days away from work after busy hours of work does anybody good if they are
tired of such intensity.
A) If you are tired, you had better take a few days off and never think about your job.
B) Nobody refuses the offer to spend a few days away from work if they are tired from such
hard work.
C) Spending some time away from work isn't good for anybody if they are under constant
pressure.
D) A few days off work is beneficial for everybody who is fed up with working constantly.
E) Intense work doesn't relax people, but a few days' holiday does.
18) Though old people are less likely to be victims of crime than teenagers in France, the number of
crimes against old people is hard to ignore.
A) In France, teenagers suffer from crimes more often than the old, but it doesn’t mean that
the old rarely suffer from crimes.
B) In France, teenagers generally suffer from crimes and the old rarely suffer from crimes.
C) There are many crimes committed against the old whereas there are few crimes committed
against the teenagers.
D) The number of crimes against old people can be neglected because there crimes generally
occur against the teenagers.
E) Teenagers are seldom exposed to crimes but the old people are under constant risk of
being the victim of crimes
19) There was an awful culture clash when the two firms merged since they had entirely different
approaches.
A) The joining of the two firms brought about important cultural problems but fortunately their
approaches are totally the same.
B) There were cultural differences between the two firms, but they tried to solve the problem
by adopting different approaches.
C) When the two companies emerged, they tried to eliminate the cultural problems existing
between them.
D) Due to cultural differences and different approaches, the two firms decided to end their
partnership.
E) When the two companies joined, serious cultural problems arose because their ways
of doing things were not the same.
1 C 10 A
2 A 11 B
3 D 12 B
4 B 13 D
5 B 14 A
6 B 15 E
7 A 16 B
8 E 17 D
9 D 18 A
19 E
PARAGRAF BÖLÜMÜ
With William Shakespeare, English drama reaches its greatest heights. Despite many stories
surrounding him, facts about his life are few. He was born in Stratford-on-Avon, where his birthplace has
become one of the most popular tourist attractions in Britain. In 1582, he married Ann Hathaway, by
whom he had three children. Of the next ten years of his life we know very little. For reasons unknown to
us, he set off for London to become an actor and try his hand at play-writing. His attempts, apparently,
were successful enough, for in 1598 he is referred to as one of England’s leading dramatists.
1) As is pointed out in the passage, William Shakespeare __________.
A) obviously gained a great success in play-writing as a result of his endeavours in London

B) departed from London in 1592 in order to try his chance at play-writing
C) fell through his trials at play-writing in London
D) realised his ambition to become a successful playwright but was not recognized by the critics
E) was exposed to many criticisms by the leading dramatists in those days
2) One can easily understand from the passage that ____________.
A) the presence of Shakespeare helped Stratford-on-Avon become the most popular tourist
attraction
B) Shakespeare couldn’t take his place among pioneer dramatists though he made many attempts
C) there are many rumours about Shakespeare’s life and much is unknown about him
D) during the late 17th century, Shakespeare proved to become the most popular dramatist
E) Shakespeare clearly got married more than once during his life-span
3) Much of the passage is devoted to _______.
A) the reasons why Shakespeare chose London to try his chance at play-writing
B) the period of English drama in the early 15 th century
C) how Stratford-on-Avon became a tourist attraction
D) the criteria Shakespeare took into consideration while writing his plays
E) the biography of William Shakespeare and his contribution to English drama
During the second half of the 18 th century, the stability of the Augustan Age was gradually lost in a
period of social change and growing unrest. The Industrial Revolution was turning England from an
agricultural nation into an industrial one, and large numbers of farm workers were forced to seek
employment in the new factories in the towns, which often resulted in long hours and miserable working
conditions for those who were lucky enough to find a job there and poverty and wretchedness for those
who were not. The period of industrialisation brought wealth and prosperity to the country at large, but
the enthusiasm with which it was received by some people was not shared by all.
4) It is clear from the passage that during the transition from Augustan Age to Industrialisation period,
___________.
A) the farmers didn’t have any trouble adapting to the conditions of industrial age
B) both the employed and the unemployed suffered from the disturbance in one form or another
C) a great majority of farmers were lucky to find a job in the factories
D) the social unrest could be settled with the aid of new factories
E) the rank of all the farmers was raised to a higher level
5) It is suggested in the passage that between the year 1750 and 1799 ________.
A) there happened an abrupt change in the social structure

B) all people were leading their lives by working in the factories during the Augustan Age
C) the healthy system of the Augustan Age was spoilt step by step because of the alterations in
the society
D) the farming-based system was available under the Industrial Revolution
E) many farmers were made redundant by the authorities under the Industrial Age rule
6) The writer of the passage argues that _____.
A) the abundance of money made all the people content in the Industrial Age
B) during the Augustan Age new factories were merely erected in England
C) the amount of unemployment was highly low during even early Industrial Age
D) not everybody was satisfied with the conditions of Industrial Age
E) a large number of people were made redundant in the late Industrial Age
It started out to be a simple exploratory operation. Then, suddenly, the patient’s heart stopped. Her
brain waves started levelling off. The medical team immediately began emergency treatment to try to
start the heart again. At last the chief surgeon announced that the patient had died. Minutes later, much
to almost everyone’s amazement, the “dead” patient came back to life. Her heart started, and her brain
waves began to assume normal patterns. Later she told the doctors that she had been fully aware of
everything that had happened while “dead”. She believed that she came back to life because she
wanted so badly to live longer. She said death was not frightening, but she wasn’t ready to go yet. The
experts admit that they have no satisfactory explanations for these near-death experiences (NDE).
7) As it is pointed out in the passage, the astonishment of the surgeons during the operation
____________.
A) was caused by the mere fact that the patient’s heart stopped beating
B) is not an uncommon situation all over the world
C) is partly due to the revival of the patient
D) turned into the feeling that some miraculous hand gave life to the dead patient
E) was still lasting even though ten years passed after the date of the operation
8) One can easily understand from the passage that only a few surgeons during the operation
________.
A) were able to explain satisfactorily how the patient could turn back to life
B) believed that the patient really died
C) knew how to resurrect a dead body
D) carried on the operation after the chief surgeon declared the death of the patient
E) did not get surprised by the fact that the patient turned back to life from death
9) It is clear from the passage that the experts ___________.
A) do not have any explanations about the phenomenon of NDE

B) were all relieved when the patient informed that death is not frightening
C) finally found out how to resurrect a dead person after that operation
D) have some explanations about NDE that are not based on a reasonable stem
E) all changed their prejudices about the phenomenon of NDE
Perhaps you think of Pinocchio's Blue Fairy, the Good Witch of the West from “The Wizard of Oz”, or
Peter Pan's “Tinkerbell” when you imagine a fairy. But in fact, fairies don't like to be seen by people at
all. These tiny creatures can appear and disappear in the blink of an eye. You may never know if you've
seen one or not! But you can be sure of one thing: there is a wealth of fascinating myth about these little
people who can vanish at will.
10) It is suggested in the passage that fairies ___________.
A) want to appear in the sight of people in Peter Pan’s Tinkerbell

B) enjoy being observed by people very much
C) have existed from the very beginning of the universe
D) are thought to be beneficial to human beings thanks to Pinocchio's Blue Fairy
E) are notorious for causing the sleeping patterns of people to be spoilt
11) The writer of the passage tries to assure us that ___________.
A) what is told about the presence of fairies is a certain reality

B) there are many fallacies about fairies’ being able to disappear whenever they want
C) there is a lot of information about fairies, all of which can be regarded as accurate
D) the unique resource about the fairies is available in “The Wizard of Oz”
E) fairies are known to be invaluable friends for the human being
12) It is apparent from the passage that fairies __________.

A) are striking creatures that move very slowly
B) are rather different from ghosts in that they want to help people very much
C) never refuse to accept any offer coming from children
D) are creatures that are too small to be noticed
E) have taken their places only in stories or films
The environment is something you are very familiar with. It's everything that makes up our surroundings
and affects our ability to live on the earth—the air we breathe, the water that covers most of the earth's
surface, the plants and animals around us, and much more. In recent years, scientists have been
carefully examining the ways that people affect the environment. They have found that we are causing
air pollution, deforestation, acid rain, and other problems that are dangerous both to the earth and to
ourselves. These days, when you hear people talk about “the environment”, they are often referring to
the overall condition of our planet, or how healthy it is.
13) As it is stated in the passage, such problems as air pollution, deforestation and acid rain
__________.
A) constitute a jeopardy for not only the earth but also the human beings
B) merely led to the extinction of some certain animal species
C) prove how indifferent we have become to the innovations made by the scientists
D) are the most important issues that scientists are dealing with these days
E) have already deteriorated most of our environment very much
14) It is implied in the passage that when influencing our environment, _________.
A) we only place a harmful impact on the freshness of water

B) we effect important strides in the general condition of the earth
C) we also give harm to the plants and animals around us
D) we become responsible for the destruction of most of the vegetation
E) fortunately, we do not induce much harm to other things in it
15) This passage is mainly concerned with _________.
A) how the water is being polluted by the people

B) why some animal species have gone extinct
C) what people mean while talking about “the environment”
D) the known condition of air we inhale now
E) the general meaning of the word “environment” and how it is affected
Basque language is the tongue of uncertain relationship spoken by close to a million people, most of
whom live in North-East Spain and some of whom reside in South-West France. The language has eight
dialects. Speakers of Basque are for the most part bilingual, and there are many Basques who do not
speak the language. Basque is definitely not an Indo-European tongue. Some scholars believe it is
descended from Aquitanian, which was spoken on the Iberian Peninsula and in South Gaul in ancient
times. Other linguists think Basque is akin to the Caucasian languages and suggest that its speakers
came from Asia Minor to Spain and Gaul c.2000 B.C.
16) On reading the passage, we can easily say that ____________.
A) Basque language is widely spoken by the people living in France

B) there is no idea on the origin of Basque language approved by all the scholars
C) the number of people speaking Basque language was very high in the past
D) Aquitanian language is thought to have derived from Basque language
E) people living in South-West France no longer use the Basque language
17) It is clear from the passage that _________.
A) Caucasian languages are proved to be rather different from Basque language

B) more than one million people speak Basque language all over the world
C) Basque certainly takes the place in the group of Indo-European tongue
D) the eight dialects of Basque language are rather different from one another
E) a majority of Basques do not use their native language
18) One of the points made about the Basque language is that ___________.
A) people speaking Basque language are cut off from the world in terms of communication
B) people living in both North-East Spain and South-West France dislike speaking Basque
language
C) we know for certain that it does not originate from Indo-European group
D) the origin of Basque natives is Spain and Gaul
E) the number of people who speak Aquitanian language is almost one million
It’s easy to understand how a bird can fly – it’s lightweight and has wings. But how does a huge airplane
get off the ground? The plane’s engine pushes the plane forward. As it moves, air flowing around the
wings creates lift. The lift increases as the plane gathers speed. The plane takes off once there’s
enough lift to overtake gravity. When the plane is in the air, thrust from the engines incessantly pushes
the plane forward.
19) The writer of the passage points out that ___________.
A) speed is the main factor in enabling a huge airplane to fly

B) only the engine helps an airplane to take off
C) a airplane can take off even without speeding on the ground
D) the flying of birds inspired the manufacturers to produce an airplane
E) all the birds don’t need to speed up while on the ground
20) According to the writer of the passage, ___________.

A) nobody has extensively analysed how a bird can fly so far
B) how a big airplane can fly cannot be explained as simply as how a bird can fly
C) the way a bird can fly is entirely similar to the way an airplane can fly
D) how a huge airplane can fly is still a mystery for everybody
E) all bird species are not subject to the phenomenon of gravity
21) It is clear from the passage that while in the air, a plane __________.
A) constantly feeds on the force of its engine

B) does not benefit from its engine
C) makes use of its engine on and off
D) adjusts the power of its engine according to the amount of clouds
E) glides with the help of wings after stopping its engine
Early in the morning on October 12, 1492, a sailor looked out to the horizon from the bow of his sailing
ship, the Pinta, and saw land. After 10 long weeks at sea, from the port of Palos, Spain, Columbus and
his crews saw the New World. The following day, 90 crew members from Columbus's three-ship fleet
set foot on the island of Guanahani in the Bahamas and planted the flag of their sponsors, King
Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain. Columbus continued his exploration, discovering other lands.
The first Columbus Day celebration in the United States took place on October 12, 1792 – 300 years
after his first discovery – but it still wasn't an official holiday for another 100 years. Days commemorating
special events like Columbus Day or birthdays of famous leaders, like Martin Luther King Jr., become
national holidays and help us remember the important contributions these individuals made to our
country.
22) According to the passage, it is wrong to say that ____________.
A) Columbus and his crew had a voyage lasting seventy days before they reached the land
B) Columbus could reach the land of America soon after he saw it
C) King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain supported Columbus in his researches
D) Columbus decided to direct his ships to the New World after he saw the land
E) Columbus found the other islands after he set foot on the island of Guanahani
23) The underlined word in the passage is closest in meaning to __________.
A) reminding
B) remembering
C) rewarding
D) recollecting
E) discussing
24) One can understand from the passage that the Columbus Day _________.
A) has been celebrated by the American people for approximately 300 years
B) has brought more benefit to America than the things that Martin Luther made
C) was the time when the American citizen had had an official holiday
D) has an importance not entirely understood by the American government
E) was accepted as a formal holiday for the American citizen to celebrate in 1892
Eschatology is a doctrine concerning life after death and the final stage of the world. The origin of this
doctrine is almost as old as humanity; archaeological evidence of customs in the Old Stone Age
indicates a basic concept of immortality. Even in early stages of religious development, speculation
about things to come is not wholly limited to the fate of the individual. Such devastating natural
phenomena as floods, conflagrations, cyclones, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions have always
suggested the possibility of the end of the world. Higher forms of eschatological thought are the product
of a complex social organism and an increased knowledge of natural science. Often myths of
astrological origin, the concept of retribution, or the hope of deliverance from present oppressions
provided the material or motive for highly developed eschatologies.
25) As it is clear in the passage, Eschatology ____.
A) provided the early human beings with the way of continuing life forever
B) has recently been approved by the scientists as a field of study
C) is derived from the idea of immortality according to the archaeological studies
D) contributed much to the development of new ideas in both astrology and science
E) is entirely confined to natural science
26) It can be easily understood from the passage that the natural phenomena which demolish the
surrounding ______.
A) were tried to be explained with the field of Eschatology, but failed

B) are going to cause the human being to become extinct according to Eschatology
C) do not have any relationship with the field of Eschatology
D) are not religious themes but natural problems
E) were thought to bring life on the earth to end
27) According to the paragraph, the more people know about the natural science, ______.
A) the more they are interested in the varieties of Eschatology

B) the less they are enthusiastic about the concept of Eschatology
C) the higher they reach the rank in the society
D) the more certain they have become about the accurate existence of Eschatology
E) the more accurate results they have in Eschatology
"Why is My Loyalty Questioned?" has been asked by people at different times during America's history.
They're surprised that others might wonder if they are loyal to the country that they choose to live in and
have always loved and supported. After the attack on Pearl Harbour during World War II, Japanese
Americans were discriminated against as they were put into relocation camps simply because of their
ethnic background. Later, they proved their loyalty by volunteering to defend America, the very country
that mistreated them. It's hard to imagine that it could still happen today. Since September 11th, 2001
lots of people question Arab Americans just because some terrorists are Arabs. We learned that good
people are good people no matter what their cultural background is.
28) It is stated in the passage that people who have somehow chosen to live in America ____.
A) have tried to give many harms to the country

B) think that the quality of being loyal to the country is of great importance
C) have been constantly questioned by the government about their loyalty for many years
D) cannot understand why they are asked whether they are faithful in the country or not
E) share the same opinion about being loyal to the country with the ones who have just moved in
29)We learn from the passage that Japanese Americans _____________.
A) refused to defend America since they were treated badly by the citizen there
B) have never had the opportunity to prove their loyalty to America
C) had to battle against the Arabs in order to show their loyalty to America
D) have always been singled out just like the Arabs throughout the history of America
E) were sent to relocation camps after the attack on Pearl Harbour during World War II
30) This passage is mainly concerned with ______.
A) the fact that the foreigners in America have been asked about their loyalty
B) the event that Arab Americans betrayed the United States of America
C) the fact that Japanese Americans were treated wrongly throughout the history of America
D) the difference between Arab Americans and Japanese Americans
E) the reason why Japanese Americans were discriminated in America
William Blake is the English poet, painter, and engraver, who created a unique form of illustrated verse;
his poetry, inspired by mystical vision, is among the most original in the language. Blake, the son of a
hosier, was born in London, where he lived most of his life. Largely self-taught, he was, however, widely
read. As a child, Blake wanted to become a painter. He was sent to drawing school and at the age of 14
was apprenticed to James Basire, an engraver. After his 7-year term was over, he studied briefly at the
Royal Academy, but he rebelled against the aesthetic doctrines of its president, Sir Joshua Reynolds.
Blake did, however, later establish friendships with Henry Fuseli, whose works may have influenced
him. In 1784 he set up a print shop; although it failed after a few years, for the rest of his life Blake
hardly earned his living as an engraver and illustrator.
31) ) As it is mentioned in the passage, William Blake ________.

A) intended to become a painter, but had to abandon his purpose in 1784
B) is chiefly famous for his career as an engraver and painter
C) almost completely gained the knowledge by himself
D) created a new style in the structure of painting
E) was taught nothing by the people around him
32) It can be inferred from the passage that at the age of 21, William Blake _________.
A) succeeded in opening a print shop and made great profit from it

B) started to lead his life on his own by selling his masterpieces in poems
C) could become very rich only when he started to sell his poems
D) had to work for James Basire, an engraver for seven years
E) attended the Royal Academy for a short time
33) According to the writer of the passage, Henry Fuseli’s works ______.
A) are likely to have made changes in the way Blake thought and behaved in those days
B) are the main reason why William Blake quit going to the Royal Academy
C) were the source of inspiration for Blake to create new poems
D) caused Blake to yell against the aesthetic doctrines of the Royal Academy’s president, Sir
Joshua Reynolds
E) certainly affected William Blake in any way
Bibliography is stemming from “the writing of books”, originally, the writing or copying of books; since
the mid-18th century, the word has come to mean a list of books or other forms of written material on a
subject, or the technique of compiling such a list. Certain kinds of information are supplied in a
bibliography: authors, titles, editions, and dates and places of publication; style of type, book size, and
other physical characteristics may also be included. Frequently, bibliographies are annotated, that is,
brief notes indicating the subject treated or commenting on the usefulness of a book are appended.
Bibliographies, essential to scholars and those involved professionally with books—collectors,
librarians, and dealers—can be useful sources of information for all serious readers.
34) According to the paragraph, it is obvious that “the writing of books” ____.
A) has lost its basic meaning and merged into a new form of content
B) has been converted a little with the addition of the interpretation “list”
C) towards the first half of the 18th century, shaped into a new form
D) has uniquely included extra meanings such as “list, copy and other forms”
E) has gained great significance after the second half of the 18 th century
35) It is implied in the passage that Bibliographies, rarely, _____________.

A) comprise of the rendering of the information and benefit about the books noted down in the major
book
B) give purely the names of the book, authors, titles, editions, and dates and places of publication;
style of type, book size, and other physical characteristics
C) are in lack of the sufficient explanation about the biography of the authors whose book has been
held as an example
D) find it sufficient to mention the essential information on the resources by which the readers can
easily reach at those books
E) do not refer to the origin of the resource because of the fact that it covers much place at the back of
the trace
36) One can easily understand from the passage that the main benefit of the bibliographies
________.
A) is to lead all the expert readers to the resource of finding the biography of the authors of the trace
B) is to arouse all the people absorbed in reading these traces to make more crucial study on the
subject they are interested in
C) is to shuffle all the documents related with the substantial theme of the subject, which is obligatory
for the writer
D) is to convey the real intention of the writer; by the way, he can easily get through his aim
E) is to provide the readers to help themselves to have a pause in this life and think about the subject
they are reading on
Paragraf soruları cevap 12) D 25) C

anahtarı: 13) A 26) E
1) A 14) C 27) A
2) C 15) E 28) D
3) E 16) B 29) E
4) B 17) E 30) A
5) C 18) C 31) C
6) D 19) A 32) E
7) C 20) B 33) A
8) E 21) A 34) B
9) D 22) B 35) C
10) A 23) A 36) B
11) B 24) E
DEĞİŞİK SORU TÜRLERİ

(1)
Cümleleri anlamlı bir şekilde sıralayarak anlamlı I) But Herodotus visited the pyramids 2,700
bir paragraf oluşturmak years after they were built and his
impressive figure was an educated guess, (3)
based on hearsay. I) However, it has revolutionized our
II) Standing at the base of the pyramids at understanding of the dynamic planet upon
Giza, it is hard to believe that any of these which we live.
enormous monuments could have been II) It has provided explanations to questions
built in one pharaoh's lifetime. that scientists had speculated upon for
III) The question of who built the pyramids, and centuries.
how, has long been debated by III) The theory has unified the study of the
Egyptologists and historians. Earth by drawing together many branches
IV) By his accounts, the labour force that built of the earth sciences, from paleontology
Khufu totalled more than 100,000 people. (the study of fossils) to seismology (the
V) Modern Egyptologists believe the real study of earthquakes).
number is closer to 20,000. IV) These are, for example, why earthquakes
VI) Herodotus, the Greek historian who wrote in and volcanic eruptions occur in very
the 5th century B.C., 500 years before specific areas around the world, and how
Christ, is the earliest known chronicler and and why great mountain ranges like the
historian of the Egyptian Pyramid Age. Alps and Himalayas formed.
V) Plate tectonics is a relatively new scientific
A) I-III-IV-VI-V-II concept, introduced some 30 years ago.
B) III-II-VI-IV-I-V
C) V-III-II-VI-IV-I A) I-III-II-IV-V
D) II-III-V-IV-VI-I B) IV-V-II-III-I
E) IV-VI-V-III-II-I C) V-I-III-II-IV
(2) D) I-III-II-V-IV
I) In Europe, there was the outbreak of World E) V-II-III-I-IV
War I, also known as the Great War, in
1914, and in Mexico, there was the (4)
Mexican Revolution. I) This way of thinking was known as
II) The war concluded in 1918 and the Treaty "catastrophism," and geology (the study of
of Versailles was signed in 1919. the Earth) was based on the belief that all
III) Finally, the U.S. entered the war in 1917. earthly changes were sudden and caused
IV) Foreign affairs – relationships with other by a series of catastrophes.
countries – took up a great deal of II) Scientists, philosophers, and theologians
President Woodrow Wilson's attention. have wrestled with questions such as these
V) Although at first Americans did not want to for centuries.
get involved, they supported the Allies in III) This principle is commonly stated as
their fight against Germany, Austria, follows: The present is the key to the past.
Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey. IV) Why is the Earth so restless? What causes
the ground to shake violently, volcanoes to
A) IV-I-V-III-II erupt with explosive force, and great
B) I-III-V-IV-II mountain ranges to rise to incredible
C) III-II-V-I-IV heights?
D) II-III-I-IV-V V) However, by the mid-19th century,
E) V-II-III-I-IV catastrophism gave way to
"uniformitarianism," a new way of thinking Cümleleri anlamlı bir şekilde sıraladığınızda
cantered around the "Uniformitarian hangi cümle dışarıda kalmaktadır
Principle" proposed in 1785 by James
Hutton, a Scottish geologist. (1)
VI) Until the 1700s, most Europeans thought I) The central nervous system, including the
that a Biblical Flood played a major role in brain and spinal cord, controls everything
shaping the Earth's surface. you do, including moving.
II) In the very deep parts of the brain, there is
A) II-III-IV-VI-V-I a collection of nerve cells that help control
B) I-III-II-IV-VI-V movement, known as the basal ganglia.
C) V-IV-VI-II-III-I III) He has the disease and has founded an
D) VI-IV-V-II-I-III organization to educate people about it and
E) IV-II-VI-I-V-III seek a cure.
(5) IV) Mostly adults - like Fox and boxer
II) Wegener's theory was based in part on Muhammad Ali - get Parkinson's disease,
what appeared to him to be the remarkable which is a disorder of the central nervous
fit of the South American and African system.
continents. V) You may have seen the actor Michael J.
III) To him, the presence of identical fossil Fox on TV talking about Parkinson's
species along the coastal parts of Africa disease.
and South America was the most
compelling evidence that the two continents A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
were once joined.
IV) Wegener was also intrigued by the (2)
occurrences of unusual geologic structures I) Then prejudice can turn into hatred or
and of plant and animal fossils found on the unfair treatment of a person belonging to a
matching coastlines of South America and particular group.
Africa, which are now widely separated by II) People show prejudice when they form
the Atlantic Ocean. negative opinions without knowing all the
V) This situation was first noted by Abraham facts.
Ortelius three centuries earlier. III) These opinions might be based on
VI) He reasoned that it was physically someone else's race, religion, or ethnic
impossible for most of these organisms to background.
have swum or have been transported IV) As soon as people are lumped together in a
across the vast oceans. group, unfair opinions are probably being
expressed.
A) II-I-IV-V-III V) They might be based on a person's gender,
B) I-IV-III-V-II age, disability, or even income or education
C) IV-V-I-II-III level.
D) II-I-III-V-IV
E) V-I-III-IV-II A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
1- B 2- A 3- C 4- E 5- B (3)
I) Anything that someone does to hurt IV)They obviously misinterpreted the quatrains
another person at school can be called because their attention then turned to the
school violence. 11 September 2001 terrorist attack on the
II) On the other hand, school violence can World Trade Centre in New York.
also mean teasing, bullying, or fighting on V) 18 of his 950 quatrains refer to a third world
the playground. war.
III) Usually when you hear about school
violence on the news, people are talking A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
about things like guns at school or
shootings. (5)
IV) The person's body could be hurt, or I) Khan abolishes the monarchy, declares
feelings could be hurt. himself President, and the Republic of
V) It would be easier for adults to control Afghanistan is established.
school violence if there were only one II) Afghanistan gained independence from
reason why it happens. Britain in 1919 after the Third Afghan War.
III) In 1973 the government of Zahir Shah was
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V overthrown in a military coup led by Daoud
Khan and the PDPA (Afghan Communist
(4) Party).
I) Nostradamus, the French Christian Jew IV) The USA and its allies declared war on
who lived in France in the 16th century, terrorism and counter-attacked, removing
made many accurate forecasts, including the Taliban from power.
the two World Wars. V) Modern Afghanistan dates from 1747, when
II) Born Michel de Notre dame on 14 Ahmad Shah Durrani freed the country from
December 1503 in St Remy, France, he Persian domination.
was the oldest of five sons.
III) Some Nostradamus experts had given the A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
date for the start of such a war as mid-
1999. 1- D 2- D 3- E 4- E 5- A
2- (I) Her mind was full of what had happened
Aşağıda altı çizili kelimelerden hangisi the night before, and she just wasn't
diyerlerinden farklı anlamda kullanılmıştır. concentrating.
(II) Of course I'm telling the truth - you've
1- (I) I dropped the vase and it broke into got such a suspicious mind!
pieces. (III) I just said the first thing that came into
(II) The dish fell to the floor and broke. my mind.
(III) I picked it up and the handle broke off. (IV) I'm not quite clear in my mind about
(IV) Smoking cigarette is a kind of habit what I'm doing.
which people generally cannot break. (V) Mind you take enough money with you.
(V) We heard the sound of breaking glass.
1- D 2- E
DENEMELER
1.- 22. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere 5) Many nations are of the opinion that
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. sending weapons to small nations
_________ to battles.
1) Harrison was ________ when the judge
ruled that there was no evidence against A) approves
him. B) contributes
C) abuses
A) charged D) varies
B) sentenced E) depends
C) released
D) raised 6) Melissa bears a _________ resemblance to
E) chased her elder sister and it is almost impossible
to find the difference between them.
2) The need for skilled _________ is gradually
decreasing due to the usage of highly A) ordinary
developed machines. B) striking
C) secondary
A) pattern D) needless
B) charm E) practical
C) process
D) stream
E) manpower
7) The elderly person whose spouse dies may
3) One should do his best to keep the find it ___________ hard to adjust to living
________ between work and relaxation; alone.
otherwise, he will most likely go mad.
A) particularly
A) balance B) regularly
B) correlation C) originally
C) difference D) steadily
D) likelihood E) individually
E) tension
8) How I could understand that Melinda was
4) I don’t like Mr. Smith, and it would be reluctant to go with her mother was that she
________ of me to pretend otherwise. ________ said that she wanted to go.
A) separable A) evenly
B) persistent B) lively
C) favourable C) weakly
D) disobedient D) precisely
E) dishonest E) widely
9) Ozone is a bluish gas that is produced by 13) I have learned ______ experience that
the process in which O2 is ________ into nothing gives benefit _______ an individual
atomic oxygen. other than sleeping at ease after an
eventful day.
A) turned over
B) kept on A) with/at
C) broken up B) on/from
D) taken up C) for/in
E) blown up D) by/to
E) within/on
10) Electricity is such a part of our everyday
lives and so much ________ granted 14) The effects of nutrition _______ health are
nowadays that we rarely think twice when both direct and indirect as health depends
we turn on the light. ______ many ways on the quantity and
quality of diet.
A) taken for
B) held up A) in/on
C) called up B) with/from
D) made up C) at/into
E) pointed out D) on/in
E) from/upon
11) The task of the organisation ________ fair
play when food ________ to the refugees. 15) You shouldn’t start an exercise program
________ you’ve had a medical check-up.
A) is ensuring/distributes
B) is to ensure/is distributed A) until
C) is ensured/has been distributed B) when
D) ensures/will be distributed C) by the time
E) was ensured/had distributed D) since
E) once
12) After the turmoil at the school, all the
students were asked ________ in the main 16) Exposure to the sun ________ the skin
hall in which _______ their complaints more or less in the same way as the
about the management of the school. extremity of stress _______ a human body
in the long run.
A) to have assembled/expresses
B) to be assembled/expressed A) ages/will spoil
C) to assembling/to be expressed B) is aged/would spoil
D) to be assembling/will be expressed C) is ageing/may be spoiled
E) to assemble/to express D) was aged/could spoil
E) aged/shall spoil
17) It should not be thought _______ writing is

always formal and speech is daily usage.
A) even though 20) Of the problems in the world today,
B) that _______ is _______ widespread or as old
C) if as crime.
D) so that
E) whereas A) more/than
B) much/than
18) Some money ________ from the office, just C) some/so
after which we ________ being suspicious D) none/as
about someone buying so many things. E) any/too
A) stolen/can’t help 21) _______ a North American is likely to

B) is stolen/didn’t help speak slowly, a South American prefers to
C) was stolen/couldn’t help look at you in the eye _______ speaking
D) was stolen/hadn’t helped very quickly.
E) stolen/wouldn’t help
A) Though/while
B) Although/as
C) Since/unless
D) Despite/whether
19) Many of the rivers _______ run into the E) For/because
Mediterranean, such as the Rhone in
France and the Po in Italy, pass through 22) Sistem course is ___________ institute of
heavy industrial areas. all in Turkey.
A) where A) the modern

B) whose B) as modern as
C) when C) more modern
D) whom D) such a modern
E) which E) the most modern
23.- 27. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi
bulunuz.
The Girne Shipwreck Museum ___(23)___ the oldest trading ship known to us with her cargo,
___(24)___ was raised from the bottom of the sea. The ship sailed in the Mediterranean ___(25)___ the
life time of Alexander the Great and his successors. She sank in open waters less than a mile from the
anchorage of Kyrenia. The evidence points to her ___(26)___ by rough seas around the year 300 B.C,
___(27)___ she was rather old.
23)
A) is housing D) would house
B) houses E) will have housed
C) has housed
24) 26)
A) which A) being taken
B) that B) taking
C) where C) having taken
D) whom D) to be taken
E) when E) to have taken
25) 27)
A) while A) as for
B) when B) when
C) as soon as C) if
D) by far D) to which
E) during E) after
bulunuz.
One of ___(28)___ reptiles on the earth today, the Nile crocodile is also one of the most ferocious.
___(29)___ swallows many small animals whole but will also attack humans and other large animals,
often batting them ___(30)___ its tail into a nearby pool of water ___(31)___ them easier to capture.
Crocodiles can close off their nasal passages in the water, ___(32)___ them to seize food without
drowning.
28) C) from
A) the largest D) at
B) a largely E) with
C) as large
D) too large 31)
E) so largely A) for making
B) to make
29) C) making
A) They D) to making
B) These E) having made
C) Them
D) It 32)
E) Its A) having allowed
B) to allow
30) C) allowing
A) for D) allows
B) on E) allowed
33. -42. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 33) Kilims, __________, are known to be the
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. fine examples of folk arts throughout the
world.
A) he directs all his enthusiasms to its
A) though usually not seen outside the sub-branches
country of Turkey B) he decided not to go to the concert
B) in case they were primarily exported to C) he has changed all his prejudices about
major countries that music type
C) because hand-woven ones hadn’t D) the concert to be held tonight had
satisfied the expectations of customers caught his attention a lot
D) since it cannot be produced anywhere E) he is insistent on watching the concert
E) even if they were not promoted under of a classical music
any circumstances
37) When Ilamas were first brought into the
34) Attracting roughly 60 million visitors Colorado wilderness, ____________.
annually, ____________.
A) everyone has come to think that it is
A) is one of the potential aims assumed by an alien coming from space
many countries B) it has come as a big surprise among
B) the chairman of the World Tourism the inhabitants
Organisation claims that this rate will C) the inhabitants are not supposed to
rise recognize that new species
C) when a country like France gains D) with its introduction, people can
prominence in many aspects realize that it will be totally a new
D) France is apparently the favourite species
destination of the world E) no-one could have predicted how
E) as can be easily understood with a popular the animal would become
short glance at France
38) It was not until the invention of camera
35) _____________ as to how the winners of _________.
the science awards he endowed are to be
selected. A) that changed the history of taking
photographs
A) The authorities of the Swedish B) photographers were inspired a lot by
Academy of Sciences have explained that breakthrough
B) The Nobel Prizes involve some specific C) that artists correctly painted horses
conditions racing
C) In his will, Alfred Nobel left specific D) when the painting of horses racing
instructions could be realized
D) The owner of Academic Sciences has E) while horses were painted hereafter
recently put forward
E) The would-be winner of Nobel Prizes 39) ___________ is a matter of dispute among
can be determined historians.
36) As Martin is not interested in classical A) When the city of Rome was actually
music, __________. founded
B) After the city of Rome, reportedly A) the authorities do not need to take any
constructed by Romus and Remulus precautions against them
C) The founders who constructed the B) they don’t have any opportunities in
city of Rome finding them out
D) There are many gossips about the C) a lot of treasures had been stolen from
foundation of Rome under the depth of sea
E) By the time scholars come up with a D) marine excavation is considered by
common idea about the foundation of many people to be a race against them
Rome E) the whereabouts of many treasures are
still being analysed for the time being
40) _____________ where the collection of
priceless jewels was hidden. 42) The region is referred to as the “Land of
Fruit” ____________.
A) There is an engaging disagreement
B) The experts of excavation couldn’t A) because it yields a bountiful harvest of
believe it oranges and apples
C) There is no trace about the findings B) although many types of harvest are
D) The thieves knew precisely produced there
E) The thieves’ substantial goal was to C) so that many adventures had organised
an expedition to that place
41) Since it’s highly likely that there are many D) as soon as the vicinity was brought into
looters who want history’s treasures for light
themselves, ______________. E) therefore, a vast amount of money is
flooded into that area
44) “I don’t know the exact number, but I can

state that it was not few.”
43. -46. sorularda, verilen cümlenin hangi
sorunun cevabı olduğunu bulunuz. A) Do you have any idea about how many
orders will be taken from this product?
43) “Yes, they have. They are over there on the B) In what amount will this new product
first line.” sell next year?
C) Why do you want to stop the sale of
A) Has my elder sister brought the this product?
historical novels back to the library? D) In which country was this product sold
B) Have the books borrowed last week a lot last week?
been returned to the library? E) How many orders of this new product
C) When will you return the books you did you get last year?
borrowed yesterday?
D) Whose books are these on the table? 45) “Yes, there are. It’s almost full.”
E) Where did you take all these books
from? A) Are these e-mails all for me?
B) Have I received any e-mails from our A) When did you start working in that
collaboration? office?
C) Are there any e-mails in my inbox? B) How many years have passed since
D) Could I have a look at my e-mails from you began to work in that office?
your laptop? C) How long have you been working in
E) Do these e-mails include any risk of this office?
virus? D) Why have you decided to resign from
your job?
46) “About two and a half months.” E) What are you planning to do in the near
future?
47. -50. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye

anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. 48) The nearer a place is to any great body of
water, sea or lake, the milder the climate is.
47) Scientists have recently reported that the
polar ice caps are melting, due to a rise in A) Herhangi bir yer büyük su deniz ve göle
atmospheric temperatures known as the daha yakın olursa, iklimi de daha ılıman
Greenhouse Effect. olur.
B) Bir yerin herhangi bir büyük su, deniz
A) Bilim adamları, son zamanlarda veya göle daha yakın olması, oranın
kutuplardaki buzul tepelerinin erime iklimini daha da ılımanlaştırır.
nedeninin Sera etkisi olarak bilinen C) Herhangi bir yerin büyük su, deniz ve
atmosfer sıcaklıklarındaki artışın göle yakın olması, iklimini daha da
olduğunu bildirmişlerdir. ılımanlaştırır.
B) Son zamanlarda, bilim adamları Sera D) Bir yer herhangi bir büyük su, deniz
Etkisi olarak bilinen atmosfer veya göle ne kadar yakın olursa, iklimi
sıcaklıklarındaki artış nedeniyle de o kadar ılıman olur.
kutuplardaki buzul tepelerinin erimekte E) Daha ılıman iklimin olduğu yer, büyük
olduğunu bildirmişlerdir. su, deniz veya göle en yakın olan
C) Bilim adamları son zamanlarda, yerdir.
kutuplardaki buzul tepelerinin,
atmosferdeki sıcaklığın artmasıyla 49) Patients with fighting spirit seem to have a
erimesini Sera etkisi olarak better chance of recovery than those who
bildirmişlerdir. surrender to their illness.
D) Bilim adamları son zamanlarda Sera
etkisi olarak bilinen atmosferdeki A) Mücadele ruhuna sahip hastaların,
sıcaklık artışının kutuplardaki buzul hastalıklarına boyun eğmiş olanlara
tepelerinin erimesine neden olduğunu göre iyileşme şanslarının daha fazla
bildirmişlerdir. olduğu görülmüştür.
E) Bilim adamları son zamanlarda B) Daha fazla mücadele ruhuna sahip
kutuplardaki buz tepelerinin erimesiyle, hastalar, hastalıklarına boyun eğenlere
atmosferdeki sıcaklığın artmasının göre iyileşmede daha şanslı oldukları
Sera etkisi olarak bilindiğini gözlenmektedir.
söylemişlerdir.
C) Hastalıklarına boyun eğmiş hastalar da A) Recently collected evidence has led to
mücadele ruhuyla hastalıklarından radical changes in textbooks since
kurtulma şanslarının daha fazla olduğu science developed.
gözlenmiştir. B) As a result of the development of
D) Hastalıklarıyla mücadele eden science, recently collected evidence
hastaların, buna boyun eğmiş olanlara enabled radical changes to appear in
göre hastalıklarından kurtulma textbooks.
şanslarının daha fazla olduğu C) Due to the fact that science developed
gözlenmektedir. very much, there are radical changes in
E) Mücadele ruhuna sahip hastaların, textbooks today.
hastalıklarına boyun eğenlere göre D) As science develops, recently collected
daha fazla iyileşme şanslarının olduğu evidence leads to radical changes in
gözükmektedir. textbooks.
E) During the developmental period of
50) Fat consumption is very high in England, a science, radical changes appeared in
country known to have the highest death the textbooks.
rate in cardiac diseases in the world.
52) Evcil hayvanların özellikle köpeklerin
A) Dünyada kalp hastalıklarında, ölüm oranı sahiplerine bir çok sağlık faydaları sağladığı
en yüksek ülke olarak bilinen İngiltere’de çok iyi bilinmektedir.
yağ tüketimi çok yüksektir.
B) Çok yüksek yağ tüketildiği bilinen A) Pets, especially dogs, offer their
İngiltere’de, kalp hastalıklarındaki ölüm owners many health benefits and it is a
oranı çok yüksektir. known fact.
C) Dünyada yağ tüketiminin çok yüksek B) People know very well that pets,
olduğu ülkelerden biri olarak bilinen especially dogs, offer their owners
İngiltere’de kalp hastalıklarındaki ölüm many health benefits.
oranı çok yüksektir. C) Many health benefits are offered to
D) Dünyada ölüm oranının en yüksek ülkesi people by the pets, especially dogs.
olarak bilinen İngiltere’de yağ tüketimi kalp D) People used to believe that pets,
hastalıklarını çok yükseltmektedir. especially dogs, provide them with
E) Yağ tüketiminin çok yüksek olduğu many health benefits.
İngiltere, dünyada kalp hastalıklarındaki en E) It's well known that pets, especially
yüksek ölüm oranına da sahip olduğu dogs, offer their owners many health
bilinen bir ülkedir. benefits.
51.- 54. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. 53) Günün o vaktinde böyle yoğun bir trafik hiç
beklemiyordum ve bu yüzden çok şaşırdım.
51) Bilim geliştikçe, son zamanlarda biriktirilen
kanıtlar kitaplarda radikal değişikliklere yol A) To my great surprise, I did not expect
açmaktadır. so much traffic at that time of the day.
B) I never expected such heavy traffic at
that time of the day and for that reason,
I was very surprised.
C) What caused me to get surprised was A) We managed to find the road owing to
the heavy traffic at that time of the day, the fact that my brother was of great
because I wasn’t expecting that. help to me.
D) The reason why I got surprised very B) We wouldn’t have been able to find the
much was that I did not expect such a road if it hadn’t been for my brother’s
heavy traffic at that time of the day. help.
E) I never expected such heavy traffic at C) We wouldn’t have been able to find the
that time of the day, which led me to road if my brother hadn’t shown us the
get surprised very much. right way.
D) Only if my brother directs us during the
54) Kardeşimin yardımı olmasaydı biz yolu journey will we be able to find the road,
bulamazdık. I think.
E) It was my brother that supplied us with
the opportunity to find the road
correctly.
55.-57. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Can your handwriting reveal your personality? While some employers now make use of handwriting
analysis, many psychologists remain sceptical. However, it is hard not to be impressed by the report of
an experienced graphologist on examining a sample of the handwriting of the serial killer, Dennis Nilsen.
Nilsen had a good brain, but was egotistical and destructive according to his illegible handwriting, the
graphologist said. Additionally, he suffered from feelings of inability and inadequacy. In short, the
graphologist found Nilsen’s handwriting very frightening.
55) One of the points made about the serial A) proves that one’s handwriting exactly
killer, Dennis Nilsen in the passage is that gives everything about his character
______. away
B) has changed the misconception about
A) his character is, in fact, well-mannered handwriting
B) evaluating events from a positive C) is quite striking
prospective is ingrained temperament D) refuted the claim that our handwriting
for him reveals our personality
C) his way of writing is difficult to read E) persuaded many psychologists to
D) he commits crimes largely due to his accept that handwriting reveals one’s
mental problems personality
E) his handwriting and character are
totally different from each other 57) We learn from the passage that graphology
____________.
56) According to the passage, the find revealed
by the graphologist _____________. A) is a branch of science, which deals with
handwritings and the like
B) is a field of psychology in which
employers are primarily interested
C) is an analytical process that E) helps all the employees learn many
investigates the mental disturbances aspects of their would-be bosses
D) has long been used by all the
psychologists, but not the employers
What we dream at night is not as important as whom we dream about. More precisely, the number of
people in our dreams is the important element. The more people in our dreams, the happier we will be.
Conversely, the fewer people in our dreams, the less happy we will be. Psychiatrist Milton Kramer
believes that the bad thing in a dream is to be alone. There is something about interacting with people
that produces happiness both in our dreams and when we are awake.
58) One can easily understand from the D) is the most significant thing that he
passage that _____________. desires all the time
E) develops as a result of tagging along
A) living in crowds arouses fear in people with other people
when they are awake
B) while deep asleep, an individual rarely 60) The writer of the passage puts forward the
sees many people in their dreams idea that _____________.
C) in the period of dreaming, one fears of
seeing someone A) having contact with many people
D) the fear of loneliness is a commonplace sometimes causes an individual to get
factor in human beings’ lives frightened
E) according to what many people believe, B) the number of people surrounding an
daydreaming is important individual is determined by his being
easygoing
59) It is clear from the passage that happiness C) many people take it for granted that
for an individual ____________. loneliness is the mere happiness
D) to many people, loneliness is the cause
A) goes up when he stays alone in his of every type of joy and bliss
house E) the things seen in the dream don’t
B) arises out of the need to be alone matter so much as the people seen in
C) takes place more often when he is the dream
asleep
How long may a man lie in the ground before he rots? The answer is, “it depends on how deep you bury
him”. Bury a corpse less than a meter and you leave it accessible to insects and worms, which will
reduce it to a skeleton in less than a year. Bury it two meters deep and it will retain some flesh for at
least a decade. The only way to remain completely undamaged is to be frozen or mummified. The
Russian horsemen found in the tombs of the Ukok plateau owe their preservation to the water that
seeped into them and were then frozen by permafrost. Most mummies are created by very warm or cold
dry air drying them soon after death.
61) As it is suggested in the passage, the C) in other words, the nature of both soil
durability of a dead body ___________. and water there can spoil even the
most endurable body
A) is partly related to the depth at which it D) the Russian horsemen’s dead bodies
is placed under the ground couldn’t thus be preserved
B) holds an importance changing from E) for that reason, the dead bodies are
culture to culture generally buried into that vicinity
C) can be maintained with the aid of
insects and worms 63) Upon reading the passage, one can
D) can be sustained only when it is frozen assume that _____________:
with special instruments
E) is an ambition which hasn’t been A) insects and wombs cannot reach the
realized by the experts, yet newly buried body
B) under the ground, a corpse can last for
62) The Ukok plateau, as claimed in the more than ten years with the
passage, has an interestingly different assistance of a special soil
natural structure and ____________. C) insects and worms do not exist in more
than two meters’ depth of ground
A) therefore, the dead bodies of the D) mummies must be buried into a most
Russian horsemen lasted deep ground sooner or later
B) namely, the soil nature decomposes E) a dead body never gets spoiled when it
the corpses in a short period of time is in a depth of two meters
The question of who the American Indians are and how they came to live in North America has long
puzzled scientists. The most popular modern theory says that the Indians came from Siberia to Alaska
when the Bering Strait was not underwater. At that time there was a land bridge between Asia and
America. This “land bridge” was a result of the fact that much of the water that used to cover the region
became frozen in glaciers during the Ice Age. This left the land dry and bare. With the water gone,
wandering bands of Siberian tribes simply walked over from what is now modern Russia to what is now
the modern United States.
64) One can conclude from the passage that C) Russian land was once covered by
__________. water thoroughly
D) the wealth of the land of United States
A) the land bridge between Asia and attracted the Siberian tribes
America was a frozen land, the reason E) there is merely one theory about who
for which couldn’t be explained American Indians are
B) the enquiries about the American
Indians are not new to the scientists
65) It is pointed out in the passage that the 66) Much of the passage is devoted to
Bering Strait _______________. __________.
A) was named “land bridge” after the A) the reason why American Indians
catchy slogan of Siberia chose the New World to stay in
B) is still the strongest bridge ever B) the real name of Bering Strait
encountered C) how glaciers formed in very ancient
C) is a bridge, the place of which cannot times
be spotted D) the former accommodation of American
D) is situated under water right now Indians during the period of wars
E) holds an important place in the history E) the wonders about American Indians
of all Siberian tribes and their explanations in some way
We are always grumbling about our selfishness. We come across the people thinking only about
themselves, and we also witness that people behave as if there were nobody other than their own
beings. We are criticizing this attitude, but we point to the fact that this criticism doesn’t work in any way.
Because selfishness is increasingly rising rather than decreasing, we don’t take precautions against this
situation and what’s more, we think it is enough to complain.
67) According to the passage, we, as humans, C) withers over time because of the
have some features, ____________. ageing process
D) rises to a dangerous summit when we
A) one of which is the need to see other people being happy
continuously count problems E) refers to being blind to other people’s
B) which please us very much; for existence
example, our selfishness
C) and one of these is the capacity to 69) This passage is mainly concerned with
entertain others ___________.
D) and criticism is of the greatest
importance among them A) the ways for stopping the habit of
E) one of which is to help others in terrible severe criticism
situation B) how we can take precautions against
our selfishness
68) As it is argued by the writer of the passage, C) the origin of our selfishness
selfishness ______________. D) our being hopeless against the
temperament, selfishness
A) goes to the meaning of judging other E) the possible solutions to the elimination
people all the time of our complaints
B) should be replaced by the feeling of
helping others
No visit to Chicago would be complete without buying the “Chicago Sun-Times” and reading Mike
Royko’s daily column. Each day he writes of Chicago’s politicians, people, and folkways with an acid wit.
A native Chicagoan, he worked his way up from neighbourhood newspapers to a leading daily. He had
been with the Chicago Daily News from 1959 until its demise in 1978. In 1972, he received the Pulitzer
Prize for his book on the late Mayor Richard J. Daley, Boss.
70) It is apparent from the passage that B) includes some aspect of humour about
___________. the foundation of Chicago city
C) has generally altered the structure of
A) Mike Royko is a journalist whose many folkways
hometown is far away from Chicago D) owns a great deal of effect upon all the
B) a visit to Chicago will be far from newcomers to Chicago
satisfactory when Mike Royko’s daily E) is very cruel in various ways, which
column is not read poses great threat for his life
C) Mike Royko always worked for minor
newspaper offices and could never 72) One can learn from the passage that with
achieve his success in major ones the columns written by Mike Royko,
D) there are some people in Chicago that __________.
Mike Royko supports all the time
E) Mike Royko is a journalist who is A) the real face of many politicians
always subject to severe criticisms and throughout the world surfaced
threats by some politicians B) the way the Chicagoans live can be
understood to be rather dangerous
71) One can easily understand from the C) all the secret plans of every politician
passage that Mike Royko’s language were made public
___________. D) one can fill in the gap of knowledge
about Chicago
A) is rather harsh in criticizing politicians, E) all the Chicagoans became fairly
people and folkways relaxed
The 50-million-year-old fossils of an ancient whale found in the Himalayan foothills of Pakistan give
strong evidence that modern whales are descended from a four-legged land-dwelling animal. The fossils
consist of part of the skull, some teeth, and the well-preserved middle ear of an animal that was 6 to 8
feet long, weighed 350 pounds, had a wolf-like snout, and had two foot-long jaws with sharp, triangular
teeth. It is the middle ear which suggests that the ancient whale lived on land. Analysis indicated that
the animal had ear drums, which do not work in water and only a few of which modern whales have
retained that far.
73) What we can learn from the passage is that

____________.
A) whales were entirely similar to wolves C) there are many animal species on land
in the past which are similar to whales today
B) whales were not so strong as they are D) the trade of whales used to cost a lot
today for the merchants
C) whales, as we know today, were E) the price of ancient whales is extremely
originally not sea animals high
D) whales maintain all the features that
they possessed 50 million years ago 75) As it is clear from the passage, modern
E) whales used to have two arms and two whales ___________.
legs in the distant past
A) are, in fact, the descendants of modern
74) One can conclude from the passage that wolves
______________. B) once had four legs, ranging over the
lands
A) throughout history whales have not C) can be easily put into the category of
passed through the process of land animals today
evolution D) got their names from the origins of
B) the newly found knowledge about the modern wolves
real history of whales is reliable E) are the sea animal types of modern
wolves
76. 80. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en A) I don’t know anything about the prices
yakın olan cümleyi bulunuz. of camera; for that reason, I might buy
the most expensive one.
76) The long-term future of the space program B) I am going to buy a camera which has
hangs in the balance. a moderate price, but I primarily take
the quality into consideration.
A) Whether the space program succeeded C) I bought the most expensive camera
or not was not explained. because I wanted to be sure about its
B) It is certain that the space program will quality.
produce important things in the years to D) I bought the most expensive camera
come. due to my lack of information about the
C) There are various opinions about the price of camera.
contribution of space program to the E) I purchased the less expensive camera
world of discovery. since I didn’t have any knowledge
D) What the space program will yield in about the distinction.
the long run is uncertain.
E) What has happened in the field of 78) Under no circumstances should the staff
space program cannot be declared in members’ telephone numbers be given out.
any way.
A) The staff members’ telephone numbers
77) I would have bought the more expensive shouldn’t have been declared.
camera if I had known the difference.
B) The telephone numbers of the staff D) Many scientists assert that there cant
members cannot be revealed in any be an ozone hole over the Polar
way. Regions.
C) I couldn’t manage to learn the E) Many scientists are of the opinion that
telephone numbers of the staff there is an ozone hole over the Polar
members. Regions.
D) When I tried to ask for the telephone
numbers of the staff members, I was 80) The fact that the children were very noisy
turned down. did not prevent her from reading.
E) The company has a policy that the staff
members mustn’t give their telephone A) The children were making a lot of
numbers away. noise, which stopped her reading.
B) She was so upset by the noise of the
79) Few scientists doubt the existence of an children that she could not go on
ozone hole over the Polar Regions. reading any longer.
C) Despite the noise the children were
A) Almost all the scientists are opposed to making, she kept on reading.
the claim that there exists an ozone D) She didn’t seem to hear the noise of
hole over the Polar Regions. the children and went on reading.
B) There was a widespread theory that E) She wasn’t upset by the noise of the
there existed an ozone hole over the children, but she had decided to stop
Polar Regions. reading.
C) There used to be an ozone hole over
the Polar Regions according to some
scientists.
81. 85. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi
bulunuz.
81) An urban setting has identification, too and at the very beginning of the features constituting this
identification come the basic constructions. ______________. For example, when such cities as
London, Moscow and Bruksel are of word, what first comes to the mind is their towers, bridges,
temples and skyscrapers.
A) We can count utter countless features of the city of Istanbul, as well

B) An urban setting comes to the meaning that civilization should be formed
C) The culture of a civilization makes up the basis of many cities
D) These reflect the integrities which determine the originality of the city
E) There are basic factors that distinguish cities from villages
82) ___________. A great artist can be clarified with these features, as a short glance at Mendelssohn.
Though his music style was truly magnificent, his pieces didn’t carry something that carries traces of
his own. Notwithstanding, it demands expressing personal utterances. That aptitude was present in
Beethoven. It was never known beforehand what he would say. This is the same case in literature
as well as in all other arts.
A) What is important in art is the secrecy of the meaning

B) The admiration of art piece belongs to its being wonderful
C) The language of an art piece should be clear and understandable
D) An art piece can be quickly detected among similar ones
E) An art piece should bear differences in its originality, making strides
83) Most of the energy we use comes from fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas and petroleum.
_____________, but it is not a fossil fuel. It is converted to a fuel and used in nuclear power plants.
Once these natural resources are used up, they are gone forever.
A) Renewable sources of energy can be used over and over again

B) Some people use solar panels on their homes to convert sunlight into electricity
C) Uranium is another nonrenewable source
D) Energy is the power we use for transportation
E) Biomass includes natural products such as wood, manure and corn
84) A paragraph is a series of sentences that are organized and coherent, and are all related to a single
topic. ________________. This is because paragraphs show a reader where the subdivisions of an
essay begin and end, and thus help the reader see the organization of the essay and grasp its main
points.
A) Regardless of the kind of information they contain, all paragraphs share certain characteristics.
B) Almost every piece of writing you do that is longer than a few sentences should be organized
into paragraphs
C) A well-organized paragraph supports or develops a single controlling idea, which is expressed
in a sentence called the topic sentence
D) Readers generally look to the first few sentences in a paragraph to determine the subject and
perspective of the paragraph
E) In some cases, however, it’s more effective to place another sentence before the topic sentence
85) Refrigerator storage is an important way of keeping food safe. _______________. At the same
time, it does not change the characteristics of the food.
A) The cool temperature helps to keep the food fresh and slow the growth of most harmful
microbes
B) The coldest point in the refrigerator is the bottom shelf on the drawers used for vegetables
(2°C)
C) The drawers at the bottom (up to 10°C) are intended for vegetables and fruits that can be
damaged by lower temperatures
D) Do not put too much food in the refrigerator
E) In addition space is reduced when frost builds up
86. 90. sorularda, verilen duruma uygun düşen 88) A friend says he feels embarrassed every
cümleyi bulunuz. time the tourist season comes because the
people of your town don’t care much about
86) While having a tense conversation with the way they look. Not of the same opinion,
your father about a serious subject, you are however, you say in an informative manner:
making the most of yourself to arouse
sympathy in your father by underlining that A) Sometimes I can’t stand up to the
you didn’t have any other options to do, so opinions you make about tourists.
you say: B) It is because transportation is so good
that the tourists only stay here.
A) If you ask my own opinion, you should C) It would be unreasonable to expect
always have priorities over other things. people to pay attention to their
B) Once you have made up your mind, appearance just to please tourists.
you should never look back on it again. D) It’s rude to make comments about
C) It’s certainly considerate of you to put other people in the town and I think
yourself in my own shoes, thanks a lot. they don’t deserve these ideas.
D) Just I’m expecting you to put yourself E) Our people have just got used to
into my position and to understand me welcoming tourists and they will adapt
in this matter. their ideas in that way.
E) I am really grateful to you since you
have given me your supportive hand. 89) You’re working hard in the office when your
wife comes in and starts complaining about
87) Your colleagues at work are discussing the this and that. Being too busy at the
new manager. He is particular about moment, you say to her in a polite manner:
punctuality and has just had a word with
one of your friends about his being late to A) I’ll listen to you whenever you want me
work. He is complaining about the new to for you are really very important for
boss and by standing on the manager’s me.
side, you say: B) It’s no use if you don’t do something
right away and for that reason, just go
A) In my opinion, he is in his right to ahead.
expect you here on time, isn’t he? C) Finding fault with things has become a
B) I think you had better talk to him about habit in you, and I guess you should
the matter, hadn’t you? quit that temperament before too late.
C) I totally agree with you on that issue D) I will be extremely happy if you save
and he is being unfair. your complaints for later, my dear.
D) This is really dangerous, I think and E) When you see the better side of
they might make a cut in your salary. people, everything will become smooth.
E) Let’s discuss this decision together with
the manager and we can find a 90) You’re already over 18 and still have your
solution. holidays with your family. You want to do so
until you get married and this leads your
friends to think that you are a baby that
never grows up. However, you don’t mind C) I enjoy people’s looking after me
and so you say: whenever I need, because I hate
doing something.
A) Laugh if you like – it doesn’t change D) What can I do if I cannot stand on my
my way of thinking. own two feet?
B) I have never thought in the same way E) Maybe, you could be of some help to
as you do and I will take your opinion me in order to enable me to change
for granted.
91.-95. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş D) Don’t you have any other alternatives?
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi This one is not that suitable for you.
bulunuz. E) Are you aware of the fact that there is
no bicycle road here? This will be
91) Chris: I wish I were getting a new car as a dangerous for you.
graduation present.
Roe: Oh, you always want to have what I’m 93) Linda: I saw a very good movie about
getting. Agatha Christie on TV last night.
Chris: __________________. Rick: _________________?
Roe: Yes, it is. Remember! When dad Linda: Yes, it was, and Dustin Hoffman
bought me ice skates, you wanted a pair, played a reporter, too. Have you watched
too. it?
Rick: No, I haven’t, yet but I will, certainly.
A) That’s not true
B) I think you are exaggerating the matter A) Doesn’t this film star Dustin Hoffman as
C) Sometimes you are telling lies about a thrilling footballer
my desires B) Wasn’t there the handsome actor,
D) I’ve never made such a staff, before Harrison Ford in that movie
E) You wrongly remember, I think C) Has that movie recently been brought
out
92) Nancy: I think I’m going to sell my car and D) What about buying the CD of that
get a bicycle. movie and watching it together
Harrison: _______________ E) Was that the one with Vanessa
Nancy: It’s not that good. Besides, riding Redgrave as Agatha
bicycles is healthy and they’re cheap and
easy to maintain. 94) Steve: I don’t have enough money to buy
gas for the trip.
A) You are taking the matter from a wrong Michael: ____________________
prospective. You should judge how it Steve: Even if we did, I wouldn’t go.
will tire you. Michael: I see. You are trying to state that
B) Why not take the bus? The service you don’t have any money.
here is very good.
C) Why don’t you prefer to use the trains? A) Don’t worry about that. We could go
They almost always come on time. halves.
B) I think it was not a matter you should Nina: I regret to inform you that there is
have made an issue about. We could seemingly nobody with whom we can
have sorted it out. consult.
C) I didn’t know that your car works on
gas. If so, there is no problem. A) Why didn’t you ask a reliable person
D) If that is your problem, I will afford the about the road directions
whole cost. B) You should have brought the road map
E) The matter has been cleared up, I with you, shouldn’t you
think. You put your car into the trip and C) There is not a single soul to ask, is
I will put the money. there
95) Nina: I’ve been driving around for an hour, D) I think we can ask the man over there
and I can’t find Elm Street. for guidance, can’t we
Barbara: ___________________? E) I feel that the street is just at the end of
that road, don’t you
96. 100. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla the same boat. (V) In short, to make the
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü most out of your first year, you need to be
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. prepared for everything.
96) (I) Hurricanes are tropical storms with A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

winds of over 75 miles per hour. (II) They
begin as thunderstorms that form over 98) (I) By 47 BC Caesar had won the civil war
areas of the ocean where the water against Pompei, and soon became dictator,
temperature exceeds 81 degrees planning a major reconstruction of
Fahrenheit. (III) The warmth and moisture republican government. (II) He was
in these regions provide the hurricane with assassinated in 44, however, by a
its tremendous power. (IV) This explains conspiracy of senators acting to save the
why hurricanes quickly weaken when they Republic. (III) The reign of Antonius Pius
pass over cool water and dissipate soon showed Rome entirely at peace and with
after they hit land. (V) These tragedies are great wealth. (IV) Marcus Antonius then
becoming less common; however, as new stepped forward as major claimant to
weather technology makes it easier to power, while the Senate coalesced around
predict the formation of tornadoes. Octavian, an heir listed in Caesar's will. (V)
After indecisive battles, the two put off final
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V conflict in a second triumvirate, including
Lepidus and finally, the former two broke,
97) (I) Knowing what you’re getting yourself into and in 30 BCE, Octavian defeated Mark
can relieve a lot of the stress associated Antony at Actium.
with college. (II) It’s important to know what
to expect when you land in the dorm or A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
when you arrive at your first class. (III) Your
time in those first few weeks is precious, so 99) (I) Paper is a fantastic material suitable for
you’ll need to use it wisely. (IV) The good numerous uses, including manufacturing
news is that everyone else around you is in notebooks, books, calendars, and
magazines. (II) Writing was invented about 100) (I) Britain is full of contrasts. (II) That is
5500 years ago by Sumerians, a people to say, whichever direction you travel, you
devoted to agriculture who lived in ancient will find a wide variety of landscapes and
Mesopotamia. (III) Paper is widely used in diverse cultures to explore.(III) All the
offices for writing, printing documents, and regions of England are within easy reach of
photocopying. (IV) At home, paper is used the exciting capital city, London (IV)
to clean, to dry things, and for many other England, Wales, Scotland and Northern
purposes. (V) In short, paper is one of the Ireland are all unique countries with their
most versatile and common products of own customs, cultures and traditions. (V)
modern societies. Any visitor to one of these cities will
certainly detect the distinction.
members of the authority more than the

incident itself.
1.- 22. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere A) demanding

uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. B) invaluable
C) indifferent
1) A person’s health improves with the D) restrictive
________ of stress because it is the stress E) uneasy&
that devastates the balance of health.
4) Science and technology have developed
A) avoidance& _________ over the last century and are
B) allowance still developing.
C) maintenance
D) sensation A) gently
E) literacy B) tremendously&
C) narrowly
2) I have kept in ________ contact with the D) unpretentiously
victims’ families left with no money after the E) approximately
disaster and I still have information about
them. 5) Narrative poetry includes epic poems,
which are long tales or stories ________
A) pretty taken from history, or legends about brave
B) casual or heroic acts.
C) close&
D) outgoing A) latterly
E) radiant B) radiantly
C) brutally
3) There was a long period of _______ D) usually&
calmness after the riot, which tired the E) verbally
6) Archaeologists _________ the help of other A) took for
experts to discover all they can about an B) came down
object. C) went down
D) broke out&
A) seek& E) did over
B) charge
C) assault 11) The Swedish scientist Alfred B. Nobel
D) drain _______ money to be awarded to the
E) yield people who ________ something important
7) Art, as a (an) _________ of human social to help humankind.
history, is clearly illustrated in the Pop Art
style of the 1960s. A) had left/had done
B) was left/had done
A) attraction C) left/have done&
B) rush D) should leave/does
C) tendency E) has left/were done
D) adequacy
E) reflection& 12) The treasure’s ________ by its previous
owner explains why no-one ________ for it.
8) Some theories of laughter emphasize its
ability to ________ tension and emotion, A) cursed/would search
according to which one can relax when he B) been cursed/could search
laughs. C) being cursed/had been searched
D) having been cursed/has searched&
A) emigrate E) cursing/was searched
B) reduce&
C) intensify 13) It was ______ supernova that produced
D) deteriorate _____ famous “Crab Nebula”, which is a
E) afflict favourite among astronomers.
9) We are having a surprise party for Susan A) the/an

next Saturday, so don't _____ our surprise B) a/the&
______ by acting suspicious. C) ---/an
D) an/a
A) break/up E) an/the
B) draw/up
C) give/away& 14) The first step in using electromagnetic
D) sort/out waves in space for radio communication
E) blow/up _________ by James Clark Maxwell when
he________ up with the idea of the
10) Violent protests ________ in response to electromagnetic field in 1873.
the military coup and they were too intense
to take under control. A) was taken/came&
B) has been taken/ comes E) where/whom
C) had taken/came
D) is taken/has come 19) ________ there are good reasons for being
E) has taken/had come pessimistic about the world’s water
supplies, not all experts share the general
15) Those for ______ skiing is an obsession despondency.
would find life in the snowy mountains to
their liking. A) Even though&
B) Because of
A) which C) Despite
B) where D) Therefore
C) whom& E) Hence
D) whose
E) when 20) There will be no change in the level of
temperature of the weather, _______ it is
16) ________ built the stone circle known as estimated that there will be for tomorrow.
“Stonehenge” has never been determined.
A) because
A) what B) but&
B) which C) that
C) who& D) whereby
D) that E) such as
E) whose
21) Braille is a system ______ raised dots
17) If the bone_______ instead of cartilage in developed for blind people who can read
our ears, resting our head on one ______ their fingers.
side________ painful or even cause
damage to the ears. A) from/at
B) in/from
A) were used/would be& C) on/of
B) had been used/would have been D) of/with&
C) has used /would be E) for/on
D) is used/will be
E) were used/would have been
22) Since studying at the university of law,
18) It was _______ living in Birmingham, Ellen has gone on ______ a successful
England, _______ the American writer designer.
Washington Irving wrote “Rip Van Winkle”.
A) to become&
A) whereas/which B) becoming
B) that/when C) to becoming
C) when/where D) became
D) while/that& E) becomes
bulunuz.
The computer is basically a wonderful invention ___(23)___ man. It enlarges brainpower even as other
man-made machines enlarge muscle power. Like man, the computer expresses knowledge ___(24)___
symbols; man’s symbols are letters and numbers, and the symbols of this intelligent device are
electromagnetic impulses that represent letters and numbers. Even though man must usually
___(25)___ or program the machine minutely, its chief present advantage is that it can manipulate
symbols a million times faster than a man with pencil and paper, and can make calculations in a few
minutes that ___(26)___ man ___(27)___ a century.
23) C) download
A) over and above D) browse
B) with and at E) spoil
C) by and for&
D) on and on 26)
E) on and off A) must have taken
B) might take&
24) C) could be taken
A) on behalf of D) may be taken
B) within the limit E) has to take
C) in exchange
D) at any cost 27)
E) in terms of& A) like
B) as such
25) C) themselves
A) instruct& D) alone&
B) remove E) their own
bulunuz.
___(28)___ a few supporters from the scientific circle, Darvin’s ideas in his book The Origin of Species
___(29)___ by learned and ignorant alike. He was called a madman, a deceiver, and an atheist. Long
and bitter quarrels arose, and most religious people of that time were against his ideas. They
___(30)___ him of trying to destroy religion and morals completely, ___(31)___, of course, Darwin had
no such intention. His book dealt ___(32)___ a scientific way with a problem of science, and the only
critics he responded were those who attacked him on scientific grounds.
28) D) Although
A) Besides& E) Nevertheless
B) In addition
C) Furthermore 29)
A) attacked 31)
B) had attacked A) as well
C) were attacked& B) though&
D) are being attacked C) despite
E) will be attacked D) whereby
E) even so
30)
A) blamed 32)
B) sentenced A) with
C) absorbed B) on
D) reigned C) at
E) accused& D) in&
E) from
33. -42. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
33) Some artists use traditional designs

___________. 35) It would have been a good shot
_________.
A) while others benefit from more
modern themes& A) should we remember to bring the
B) just as they were trying to create camera with us
their masterpieces B) providing that there is film in our
C) their works smell of indigenous camera
traces C) in case the film in our camera
D) therefore they are known to finished off
represent the given nationalities D) so that we wouldn’t have trouble in
E) when these artists wanted the taking photographs
pieces to symbolize a certain E) had the camera not run out of film
nationality when we were visiting Uzungöl&
34) When Laura spread her arms in front of the 36) ___________ if their demands were not
gate, ___________. met.
A) I am sure her daughter can’t help A) The man who took all the people at
hugging her the supermarket under control
B) her husband will embrace her insisted
passionately B) The hijackers threatened to kill one
C) she expects her sons will not tempt passenger every hour&
to go abroad C) What the street hooligans wanted
D) her children ran towards her with a the police to do
pile of longing& D) The declaration that the hijackers
E) her daughters have all behaved made stunned the policemen
reluctantly in running towards her
E) The kidnappers have announced C) sport events can easily unfold
that they will kill the child within seconds
D) when a number of women came to
be concerned with matches
37) As it is the author himself who greatly E) Linda became an avid supporter of
suffered from poverty as a child, a team&
___________.
40) Only when the institute is given funding
A) he hadn’t mentioned anything __________.
related to the matter in his works
B) the matter reflected in his novels A) would the owners overcome the
oftentimes possible danger of bankruptcy
C) almost all sentences in his works B) will the research team be able to
would have given the sense of his continue their study&
financial condition C) a healthy investigation on forest
D) the issue is a recurrent theme in areas will yield good results
his novels& D) we have had good results from the
E) one can’t have encountered any studies of the institute
expressions in relation to their E) had the managers reigned it more
financial conditions comfortably
38) __________, it is natural to explore them

for future resources. 41) The students were so eager to use the
computers __________.
A) Since oceans cover so much of the
earth’s surface& A) to such an extent that they almost
B) Ever since the rock formation never found time to laugh
started on the surface of the earth B) whenever they finish their
C) It is because renewable energy schooling time
resources offer more benefit C) that they skipped their lunch
D) Because the investigation of break&
underground resource is an D) that his contact with the parent is
important subject entirely cut off
E) There are many hidden values E) if their will to study is highly
waiting to be brought into light encouraged
around the world
42) There are adult literacy classes among the
39) Having always been interested in sports, workers, ____________.
__________.
A) many of whom never graduated
A) which makes it possible for Jim to from high school&
be a football-lover B) it ensures qualified efficiency in the
B) many football teams find it easy to work done
succeed in matches
C) since they are even deprived of E) most of which had never gone to
primary education primary school before
D) although they used to be given
good education
43. -46. sorularda, verilen cümlenin hangi sorunun cevabı olduğunu bulunuz.
43) “Certainly, you are right. I’ll take your word

for it.” A) Do you have any idea as to why
the parents of the students
A) Why do you avoid seeing a doctor complained about the teacher?
for that serious headache? B) What do you think I did in order to
B) How often does this headache take deserve Brian’s wording?&
place? C) I can’t understand why the students
C) That amount of headache causes don’t appreciate the things that
you great trouble, doesn’t it? their teacher has done, can you?
D) How does it happen that you can D) What caused your mother to shout
deal with that amount of at you that much?
headache? E) I presume that bosses criticize their
E) I think you should see a doctor for workers with no obvious reason,
that amount of headache you have, don’t you agree?
shouldn’t you?&
46) “They do, but unfortunately mine takes the
44) “Exactly you are, but I don’t remember place in that minority.”
when and where we have.”
A) Almost all homes have at least one
A) Am I wrong to remember that we TV set, don’t they?&
have come together before? B) On the whole, there is no home
B) Do I rightly remember that I have that doesn’t have one TV set; what
seen you, before? do you think about that?
C) Am I right in thinking we’ve met C) Is it true that everybody in this town
before?& has got at least one TV set in their
D) It occurs to me that I have visited own houses?
this place before, what about you? D) Nearly all homes in Adana have
E) Your face seems familiar to me disposed of their TV sets; is that
from somewhere, what about you? true?
E) Do you think people are right when
they claim that TV kills the
45) “Ignore what he said – it doesn’t mean a communication?
thing.”
47. -50. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.
47) Owing to an unexpected postponement in much of the research work the department
the delivery of the mail, his application did has undertaken.
not reach in time.
A) Profesör Thomson'un derslerinde
A) Postanın dağıtılmasındaki yaptığı öneriler, bölümün üstlenmiş
beklenmeyen gecikme nedeniyle, olduğu araştırmaların çoğunun
başvurusu bize zamanında temelini oluşturmuştur. &
ulaşmadı. B) Bölümün yürüttüğü araştırmaların
B) Mektupların dağıtımı gecikince, çoğunun temeli, Profesör
bize yaptığı başvuru saatinde Thomson'un derslerinde ileri
ulaşmadı. sürdüğü görüşlere dayanıyordu.
C) Postadaki beklenmeyen gecikme C) Bölümün başlattığı araştırmaların
yüzünden başvurusunu zamanında çoğu, Profesör Thomson'un
bize gönderemedi. derslerinde ortaya koyduğu ilkeleri
D) Başvurusunun bize zamanında temel alıyordu.
ulaşmamasının nedeni, postanın D) Bölümün üstlendiği araştırmaların
dağıtımında meydana gelen temeli, Profesör Thomson'un
gecikme idi. derslerinde ortaya attığı
E) Postanın hiç tahmin edilmeyen varsayımlardan oluşuyordu.
gecikmesi, onun başvurusunun E) Profesör Thomson, derslerde ileri
bize çabuk ulaşamamasına yol sürdüğü görüşleri ile, bölümün
açtı. yürütmekte olduğu araştırmaların
pek çoğunun temelini atmıştır.
48) The reports we have received up to now
concerning the disaster seem to be 50) Originally, humanism was a concept used
exaggerating the situation. to define the education based upon the
ancient Greek and Latin classics.
A) Felaketle ilgili olarak bize ulaşan
raporların hepsi, abartılı bir şekilde A) Hümanizm kavramının temelinde
kaleme alınmış. öncelikle eski Yunan ve Latin
B) Felaketle ilgili olarak, durumun klasiklerine dayalı bir eğitim
abartıldığı değişik raporlar yazıldı. anlayışı vardır.
C) Aldığımız tüm raporlarda, felaketin B) Esas itibariyle, hümanizm eski
neden olduğu durum çok Yunan ve Latin klasiklerini de içine
abartılmaktadır. alan bir eğitim anlayışını
D) Felaketle ilgili olarak bugüne kadar tanımlamak için kullanılıyordu.
aldığımız raporlar durumu abartıyor C) Hümanizm, ilk kez eski Yunan ve
gibi görünüyor. & Latin klasiklerinde eğitime dayalı
E) Aldığımız raporların hepsi, felaket olarak tanımlanmış bir kavramdır.
sonucu ortaya çıkan durumu D) Özgün anlamıyla hümanizm, eski
ayrıntılı olarak anlatıyor. Yunan ve Latin klasiklerini
kapsayan bir eğitim yaklaşımıdır ve
49) The suggestions that Prof Thomson made bu amaçla kullanılmıştır.
in his lectures were to form the basis of
E) Başlangıçta, hümanizm eski Yunan tanımlamak için kullanılan bir
ve Latin klasiklerine dayalı eğitimi kavramdı.
51.- 54. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
51) Yazılı anlatımınızı geliştirmenin benim to communism, but they will stop
bildiğim en etkili yolu, düzenli olarak them.
serbest yazı çalışmaları yapmaktır. E) The Chinese people are going to
try to go back to communism, even
A) One of the most effective ways I if they will be stopped, either by
know to improve your writing is to force or by will.
do free writing exercises regularly.
B) A more effective way I know to 53) Bir insan emniyet kemeri takmamaya karar
improve your writing is to do free verdiği zaman sadece fiziksel olarak
writing exercises regularly. kendisine zarar vermekle kalmaz başka bir
C) The most effective way I know to yoldan başkalarına da zarar verebilir.
improve your writing is to do free
writing exercises regularly.& A) A person who does not wear a seat
D) The most effective ways I know to belt, both harms himself physically,
improve your writing are to do free and others in another way.
writing exercises and reading B) When anyone decides not to wear
regularly. their seat belts, they can also harm
E) An effective way I know to improve others in a different way.
your writing is to do free writing C) When a person has decided to
exercises regularly. wear a seat belt, he can neither
harm himself physically, nor others
52) Çin halkının komünizme geri dönmeye in some other way.
çalışacağına inanıyorum fakat D) A person who does not to wear his
durdurulacaklar, ya zorla ya da isteyerek. seat belt, not only harms himself
physically, but he also harms
A) Although I believe the Chinese will others in another way.
try to turn back to communism, E) When a person decides not to wear
they will stop, either willingly or by a seat belt, not only can he harm
force. himself physically, but he can also
B) I'm sure that the Chinese people harm others in another way. &
will turn back to communism, which
will be stopped, either by force or 54) Alanında en parlak bilim adamlarından biri
by will. olarak tanınmasına rağmen, Profesör White
C) I believe that the Chinese people sınıfta kendi fikirlerini anlatabilmiş gibi
will try to revert back to görünmüyor.
communism, but will be stopped,
either by force or by will. & A) Although he is a brilliant scientist,
D) Either willingly or reluctantly, the Mr. White is recognized as one of
Chinese will have to try to go back the professors, who does not seem
to make his ideas understood in make his ideas understood in his
class. class.
B) Although recognized as one of the D) In spite of his career, Professor
most brilliant scientists in his field, White does not seem to make his
Prof. White can not seem to make ideas understood in his class.
his ideas understood in his class.& E) Despite being a brilliant scientist in
C) He is recognized as one of the his field Mr. White is recognized
most brilliant scientists in his field; that he can not understand his
nevertheless, Mr. White seems to student
.
People have been concerned with their hair since ancient times. In 1500 B.C., the Assyrians, inhabiting
the area known today as Northern Iraq, were the world's first true hairstylists. Their skills at cutting,
curling, layering and dyeing hair were known throughout the Middle East. In fact, they were obsessed
with their hair, which was oiled, perfumed, and tinted. A fashionable courtier wore his hair cut in neat
geometric layers. Kings, soldiers, and noblewomen had their hair curled with a fire-heated iron bar,
probably the world's first curling iron. So important was hair styling in Assyria that law dictated certain
types of hairstyles according to a person's position and employment. Facial hair was also important.
Men grew beards down to their chests and had them clipped in layers. High-ranking women in both
Egypt and Assyria wore fake beards during official court business to show their equal authority with
men.
55) One can understand from the passage that A) wearing certain hairstyles was
___________. obligatory&
B) they weren’t allowed to cut their
A) no other community was interested hairs short by the law
in hairstyles before the Assyrians C) hairstyles weren’t determined
B) various hairstyles have spread according to the status of people
around the world since 16th century D) they learned how to give color to
C) the origins of many hairstyles are their hairs from the Egyptians
still unknown to the people E) their hairstyles were appropriately
D) the Assyrians were only shaped in accordance with their
enthusiastic about the hair on their beards
heads
E) the Assyrians used to settle down 57) As it is clear from the passage, wearing
in what is now called Northern artificial beards __________.
Iraq&
A) has always been thought as a
56) One point made about the interest of the manner to prove the authority
Assyrians in their hairstyles is that B) was more commonplace among
________. Egyptian women than Assyrian
ones
C) was available in not only Egyptian E) was necessary for the Egyptian
women but also Assyrian women& people when they were at the court
D) was a traditional-do for not the
Assyrian women but Egyptian ones
Every year in late December, a southward-moving current warms the water along the Pacific coast of
Peru. Because the warm current arrives around Christmas, the Peruvians named it El Nino, "boy-child."
Until the mid-1970s, El Nino was an unrecognized local phenomenon, until scientists began to realize
that El Nino, later named El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), is part of a huge ocean and atmosphere
that is felt as far away as Australia and Indonesia. Every few years the El Nino current is warmer than
normal, causing greater ocean warming and consequently changes in the normal patterns of sea and
surface temperatures.
58) It can be concluded from the passage that D) is, in fact, a warm current which
as a mere claim, El Nino ___________. flows from the north to the south&
E) is a southern-moving current,
A) would occupy the minds of the which leads to minor changes in
scientists till the 19th century the end
B) remained a thesis for the scientists
to explore till the end of 19 th 60) In the passage, the writer emphasizes that
century the name “El Nino”, literally translating as
C) couldn’t be understood in any way “boy-child” was given by the Peruvians,
by the scientists throughout history __________.
D) changed into a baseless matter at
the end of the 20th century A) since the impacts of the warm
E) turned into an accepted reality in current are not that great
the last quarter of the 20th century& B) implying that it was because El-
Nino happens in almost every new
59) It is clear from the passage that El Nino year&
__________. C) and he also states that it results in
no effect in the normal patterns of
A) has warm currents whose sea
temperature increases every year D) claiming that it merely leads to
B) was in the first place discovered by changes in the temperature of sea
the citizens of Peru E) underlining the fact that the
C) can not extend beyond certain Peruvians had it accepted to all the
boundaries while blowing scientists
In the 1820s and 1830s American painting added a new chapter to the story of its development. Until
the nineteenth century, portraiture and occasional historical pieces were the only concerns of American
art, but throughout the 1800s some of America's most talented painters chose to depict landscapes and
the daily activities of ordinary people. With the nation's declaration of independence had come
prosperity and with it the opportunity and inclination for painters to contemplate their environment.
61) According to the passage given above, C) American artists heralded the
America ___________. declaration of independence
D) the painters in America started to
A) has always had the art of painting reflect the daily activities of people
merely confined to a certain type E) the pictures of major landscapes
B) most probably declared its were done by the skillful artists of
independence during the 19th America
century&
C) attained great amount of wealth 63) This passage is mainly concerned with
only after the 18th century _________.
D) was a poor country up to the
century of eighteen A) the revolutionary ideas of America
E) had limited number of artisans in the early 18th century
during the early 19th century B) the importance of painting in
American history
62) As it is suggested in the passage, during C) the changes in America during its
the period that is prior to the 19 th century, independence declaration&
________. D) how the American people were
affected by the pictures of artists
A) the scope of American art was E) the time when American painting
highly limited& started
B) American artists couldn’t find
enough money to produce
historical pieces
Occasionally, during the night one can see meteors. They resemble streaks of light and for this reason
are called falling stars. As meteors travel through space, they sometimes fall into the Earth’s
gravitational pull and the friction between these rocks and the atmosphere causes most of them to burn
up before they reach the surface of the earth. At times, however, very pieces of meteors fall to Earth
and although they are burned up to a large extent, some pieces do reach the surface. These are then
called meteorites. The largest meteorite to have been found is the Hoba meteorite. It was found in
Namibia and weighs 60 tons.
64) We can learn from the passage that B) the measure of which are
meteors ____________. changeable are generally found in
the Hoba
A) whose impacts are significant are C) the scale of which is not definite
called falling stars by the will first land in Namibia
astronomers
D) all burn up due to friction while D) and the friction it causes prevent
going through the atmosphere many meteors from becoming
E) hitting the Earth are known as meteorites&
meteorites& E) is so hot that it burns up rocks
easily
65) As one can understand from the passage,
the Earth’s atmosphere ____________. 66) It is stated in the passage that meteors are
_________.
A) has many meteors in it but we
cannot see them A) very large pieces of stone
B) prevents most meteors from falling B) able to easily land on Earth
into the Earth’s gravitational pull C) always in their travel in our
C) attracts the large falling stars to the atmosphere
Earth D) usually present in Namibia
E) huge stars that travel in space
There are about 980 flying mammals referred to as bats. They are the only real flying mammals on
Earth. Most boats feed on a diet of insects. Some feed on flowers and fruits, but the most interesting are
the vampire bats of the Americas, which suck the blood of large birds and other mammals.
Unfortunately, these vampire bats are capable of transmitting rabies and are for this reason considered
dangerous. The other types of bats are of no danger to man and are even considered helpers of nature
by way of their diet which helps control the insect population in various areas of the world. Although the
misunderstood bat has represented fear and terror in the west, it is seen as a sign of good luck and long
life in the east.
67) As the writer claims in the passage, the A) it is capable of transmitting rabies
majority of the bat population B) it has been associated with fear in
___________. the west&
C) its value as a natural enemy of
A) feeds on a diet of insects& insects is not generally known
B) is vampires according to the results D) it is the only flying mammal
of the investigation E) animals are endangered by most
C) transmits many illnesses and so bats
they are very hazardous
D) is dangerous to man because they 69) It can be easily understood from the
suck the blood of the human being passage that the insect population of the
E) lives in the Americas since America world _______.
is the most suitable for them
A) is controlled by bats
68) According to the passage, the bat is B) represents fear and terror to bats of
misunderstood because ___________. the east
C) is eaten by vampire bats
D) in some areas develops because of E) is maintained at normal levels
the influence of the bat because bats eat them in certain
areas
Cosmetics have been used for thousands of years to improve the appearances of people and also to
help keep them clean and healthy. We know that cosmetics were often used in ancient Egypt. Many
beautiful jars and bottles which held oils and perfumes, have been found, and can be seen in museums.
Men, in some primitive tribes and societies, also paint their faces and bodies. This is usually done to
show that they are of some high rank. Sometimes, however, it is used to show that the people of that
group are taking part in some form of ceremony. Today, in our society, cosmetics are usually used to
improve the appearance of people and to make them appear healthy. It is not difficult to obtain
cosmetics today. Many are made cheaply from synthetic materials and vegetable oils.
70) The writer of the passage has put forward C) can be used in place of vegetable
the idea that cosmetics __________. oils
D) help maintain an appearance of
A) have been made of synthetic fibers health&
since ancient times E) are placed in museums
B) have been used by people since
ancient times& 72) It is clear from the passage that Egyptians
C) are used for the body only in used jars and bottles __________.
modern times
D) are always used for ceremonies A) to hold both synthetic materials and
E) are found in jars in museums vegetables
B) for both decoration and to hold
71) It is pointed out in the passage that their cosmetics&
cosmetics not only make people look good C) to give primitive tribes cosmetics to
but also _________. try out
D) place into their museums
A) help maintain health in our society E) to help them with their cleaning
B) Establish the social rank of people
F)
In the novel of 1984 by George Orwell, there is a featuring character named Winston Smith an
insignificant member of the ruling Party in London, in the nation of Oceania. Everywhere Winston goes,
even his own home, he is watched through “telescreens”, and everywhere he looks he sees the face of
the Party's knowledgeable leader, a figure known only as Big Brother The Party controls everything,
even the people's history and language: The Party is currently forcing the implementation of an invented
language called Newspeak, which attempts to prevent political rebellion by eliminating all words related
to it. Even thinking rebellious thoughts is illegal—thought crime is the worst crime of all.
73) The writer of the passage informs us about C) has a wide range of information
the novel of George Orwell that about the structure of political
___________. parties
D) holds an important place for the
A) the events told about the 20th political parties for he is cultural
century are all true E) is pursued by means of the
B) it exposes all the secret plans of telescreens wherever he goes&
the leaders during 1980s 76. 80. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en
C) there is a party leader named Big yakın olan cümleyi bulunuz.
Brother, aiming to control
everything& 76) The western part of Oregon generally
D) telescreens, newspeak and Big receives more rain than it does in the
Brother are the only words that are eastern part.
used in this novel
E) it is a really interesting novel which A) On the whole, there are few
should be read raindrops in the eastern part of
Oregon when compared with its
74) It is obvious from the passage that in the western part.&
novel of 1984 by George Orwell B) It hardly rains in the western part of
_________. Oregon, in comparison with its
eastern part.
A) telescreens is a device which C) The least amount of rain drops in
monitors the life of Winston Smith both the western and eastern parts
only of Oregon.
B) Big Brother can easily realize the D) It heavily rains in the eastern part
dream to create a new language of Oregon and relatively, it rarely
C) newspeak denotes a new language rains in the western part of Oregon.
which limits the number of bad E) In the western part of Oregon,
words& there is hardly any rain, but in the
D) Big Brother is the name of the eastern part, there is a good deal
leader of an ineffective political of rain.
party
E) Big Brother manages to persuade 77) In the eighteenth century, coffeehouses
Winston to join his party in the end were used as meeting places by literary
figures.
75) It is suggested in the passage that a
featuring character named Winston Smith A) Coffeehouses’ being meeting
in the novel of 1984 _________. places for literary figures have
come into existence in 1810s.
A) is an important member of the B) The pioneers of literature used to
leader party gather in coffeehouses during
B) is the most beloved person by the 1600s.
members of the ruling party
C) The forerunners of literature used
to discuss with one another in A) When Fred took up a part-time job,
coffeehouses in the early 18 th he managed to buy a car.
century. B) Fred’s having the money to buy a
D) The coffeehouses were the place car is a result of his getting the job.
of gathering for literary figures in C) Even though Fred has a part-time
the first quarter of the eighteenth job, it seems impossible that he
century. can save enough money to buy
E) During 1700s, men of letters made that car.
use of coffeehouses in terms of D) Fred would be willing to buy that
gathering places.& car providing that he had a part-
time job.
78) The professor would have let Martin stay E) Fred is planning to buy that car,
late to complete the exam, but he finished and for that reason, he searching
ahead of time. for a part-time job.
A) Providing that Martin asked the 80) While writing a novel, the pen cannot reach
professor for extra time to complete the speed of my thought.
his exam, he would accept.
B) Martin couldn’t answer all the A) I will have written all the thoughts
questions in the exam since the into the novel by the time I hand it
professor declined to give him in.
extra time. B) I have the ability to put all my
C) The professor was ready to ensure thoughts down when writing a
an extra time for Martin to complete novel.
his exam, but he didn’t need that.& C) On and off I cannot place all my
D) Martin had to answer the questions thoughts in a novel, since my
in the exam very quickly because speed of writing is slow.
the professor was very strict in D) In the course of the writing of a
providing extra time. novel, so many things come on my
E) The professor did not provide extra mind that I cannot note all of them
time for Martin; otherwise, he could down.
have answered all of them. E) Whatever downs on my mind while
79) Now that Fred has a part-time job, he will writing a novel can be easily seen
have the money to buy that car. when one reads it.
81. 85. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere parçanın learned that certain animals could be tamed
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek and then raised in captivity. These two
cümleyi bulunuz. discoveries marked the beginning of the
domestication of plants and animals.
81) ___________. Then In about 9000 BC,
people took the first steps toward A) For hundreds of thousands of
agriculture. Some tribes discovered that years, prehistoric people lived by
plants can be grown from seeds. They also
hunting, fishing and gathering wild for Africans, compared with about 75 years
plants& for people in some industrial countries.
B) Scholars believe that domestication However, life expectancy is even much
began in the Middle East and then lower than the average in the poorer
spread to surrounding areas countries of Africa. For example, life
C) Domestication made agriculture expectancy in Sierra Leone is 32 years, in
possible Gambia 35 years and in Ethiopia 41 years.
D) By about 8000 BC, certain tribes in
the Middle East had begun to raise A) People in many parts of the
domesticated plants continent suffer from malnutrition
E) The beginning of agriculture cannot because of terrible famines
satisfactorily explained by the B) On the other hand, the death rate
historians in Africa is higher than the world
rate&
82) In history, the period when philosophers C) Several reasons account for
emphasized the use of reason as the best Africa's high death rate
method of learning truth is known as the D) In addition, poor sanitation and
Age of Enlightenment. It began in the inadequate medical services
1600's and lasted until the late 1700's. contribute to widespread diseases
_____________. The leaders of this age E) In the more developed nations of
relied heavily on scientific method, with its Africa, life expectancy is higher
emphasis on experimentation and careful
observation. 84) English is the official language of
Australians. However, Australian English
A) The philosophers organized differs from British English in certain ways.
knowledge in encyclopedias and The British who settled in Australia had to
founded scientific institutes develop a vocabulary to describe many
B) The period produced many unfamiliar animals and plants in their new
important advances in such fields environment. _____________. For
as anatomy, astronomy and example, they gave the name "magpie" to a
chemistry bird that resembles the British magpie but
C) They explored issues in education is actually unrelated to any bird in Great
and attacked social injustice, Britain. In other cases, many of the British
superstition and ignorance settlers borrowed words from the
D) Its leaders included several French Aborigines. Such Aboriginal words as
philosophers such as Descartes, kangaroo and koala were thus introduced
Diderot and Rousseau & into English.
E) Many of their ideas contributed
directly to the outbreak of the A) The geographical features of any
American and French revolutions place affect the usage of the words
B) Pioneer settlers in the Australian
83) On one hand, Africa's population is interior invented a large, colorful
increasing rapidly. _____________. The vocabulary
average life expectancy is about 49 years
C) In some cases, the settlers used A) According to the statistics more
existing English words& people are hurt and killed by
D) Australian English has also buffaloes rather than by wolves in
produced many colorful figures of North America
speech B) In the 1970s, because they
E) Every root in English language realized a mistake had been made,
symbolizes various events in U.S. law makers passed laws to
history protect wolves
C) Because they are strictly
85) Wolves are much misunderstood animals carnivorous, wolves hunt large
because many people believe that wolves animals, such as elk and deer, and
eagerly kill human beings who fear them. small animals such as mice and
However, the truth is that wolves eagerly rabbits
avoid any contact with human beings. U.S. D) However, their killing ranchers'
wild life biologists say that there is no livestock has helped lead to their
documented case of wolves attacking bad reputation among people&
humans in the lower 48 states E) The timber wolf, a subspecies of
____________. the gray wolf was relentlessly
poisoned, trapped and shot by
ranchers and hunters
86. 90. sorularda, verilen duruma uygun düşen 87) You have just arrived in London at
cümleyi bulunuz. Heathrow airport and your suitcase hasn't
come onto the carousel. After half an hour
86) You are at the doctor's surgery and the all the other passengers have theirs. You
receptionist is telling you that you have to find an airport worker and ask about your
make an appointment. You phoned earlier suitcase saying pleasantly:
and were told to come at 3.30. You say
firmly; A) Someone has stolen my suitcase.
B) Could you help me? I've been here
A) If you let me see the doctor, you for half an hour and my suitcase
will understand that I don’t need to hasn't come up yet!&
make an appointment. C) Hey, where is my suitcase?
B) I phoned this morning and was told D) I've been here for half an hour and
to come at 3.30. Would you please you seem to have lost my suitcase.
check again?& E) Excuse me, please, but my
C) I have an appointment. Will you suitcase appears to have been
stop being silly? stolen.
D) I have made an appointment and I
would be grateful for some better 88) It's your girl friend's birthday in a few days
service. and you still haven't made a decision
E) If I can't see the doctor I'll go between buying her a book and a concert
elsewhere. ticket. You call your mother for advice and
say:
D) Sorry, but I have already spent all
A) Do you think I should buy a poetry of my money on some new clothes.
book or a novel? E) O.K. but let me draw some money
B) Buying a present for birthdays is from my bank account.
just for consumer societies, mum,
what do you think? 90) You are going to be on a business trip
C) My girl friend deserves more than tomorrow but your babysitter is too ill to
these, what do you think I should look after your baby. You desperately need
buy for her? help for your baby. You call your friend and
D) I can't decide whether to buy her a say:
book or a concert ticket. What
would you prefer?& A) Can you please look after my baby
E) Mum, I'm leaving it up to you; you for two days? I have nobody else
choose whatever you like for your close enough to ask for such a
birthday. thing.&
B) I need a new babysitter. Do you
89) Your friend has asked for some money think I should put an advertisement
from you. In response, you state that you in a newspaper?
can lend but you need it for next Friday, so C) I am afraid I will have to take the
you say: baby with me.
D) I'm really very angry with my baby-
A) I can lend you some but promise sitter. Whenever I need her she
me to pay it back. doesn't come.
B) You know, I have also been having E) Do you know anyone reliable?
financial problems for some time. Mind you, I can't pay much.
C) You can borrow it on condition that
you give it back before this
Friday.&
91.-95. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş B) I think she is potentially good at her job
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi and she is waiting for someone to
bulunuz. discover her
C) If only she’d spend as much time
91) Rick: Anna certainly is a very talented developing her skills as she spends
actress. with her friends&
Nanna: Yes. _____________. D) Filmmakers are after her, but she has
Rick: I see. So you underline the reality that turned down all the offers so far
she is not very motivated in developing her E) With that aptitude of her own, I am sure
talent. she will be the best of her job in the
near future
A) I wish someone had discovered her
talent well before
92) Linda: Would you like a piece of my mom’s
wonderful homemade spice cake?
Sheila: ____________________. 94) Lark: Now that Pat is married, we hardly
Linda: I think you are exaggerating about see her.
your baseless fear. Jasmine: _______________.
Sheila: There is nothing wrong with you! Lark: Yeah, it is sure to say it is not.
Anyway, it is not you, but me who suffer
from being overweight. A) Don’t be prejudiced! She’s only got
married and in other words she did not
A) It sounds tempting, but if I even smell move to a distant place
cake, I gain five pounds& B) Well, it is not unpredictable that she
B) Really I would love to, but I don’t have can continue the life of a single
enough time to taste it woman&
C) Really? Homemade cakes taste much C) I don’t believe you! Pat is still our friend
more delicious than the ones made at when she’s got married
cafes D) Though married, we still have the
D) I would be grateful if you gave the opportunity to see her
opportunity to taste it E) I think there is nothing we can do other
E) I would like to, but if I taste it, I will have than congratulating her
pain in my stomach
93) Tina: Wow! What a bizarre paint job you’ve 95) Terry: Twenty people are coming to our
done to your car. Did your cousin who party, so we had better get some plastic
works for Galaxy Auto Repair do it? cups.
Jack: ______________. Mandy: _______________.
Tina: So, do you mean that your cousin had Terry: Hmm.. That would be only four extra
a specialist paint your car? cups. Do you think we might need more
Jack: Absolutely, I do. than that?
Mandy: I don’t suppose so.
A) To be honest with you, he was. He is
really good at this kind of job A) I totally agree with you on this
B) We cannot say he did this all on his matter; additionally, we should buy
own, actually, he worked with another more than twelve cups
man B) That’s right. So we can buy three
C) No, he did not. I did it all on my own dozens of plastic cups
D) It would be wrong to say that he did it C) Yes, we had and what’s more, we
all on his own, anyway, there are should buy some plastic plates for
others who helped him dinner
E) No, but they have a man there who D) There are a dozen in this package
specializes in designer paint jobs and we could buy two of them&
E) I think three couples of plastic cups
will suffice for that number
96. 100. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla 96) (I) All types of art add to our understanding
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü of myths and legends (II) Myths are stories
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. that explain why the world is the way it is.
(III) All cultures have them. (IV) Throughout
history, artists have been inspired by myths out with your friends in public places but
and legends and have given them visual instead, they'll be used to stop abuse and
form. (V) Sometimes these works of art are intimidating behaviour.
the only surviving record of what particular A) I B) II C) III& D) IV E) V
cultures believed and valued.
99) (I) Industrialization came late to Italy. (II)
A) I& B) II C) III D) IV E) V Most of the industry is in the north along the
Po Valley and particularly around Turin,
97) (I) Recently, researchers have been trying Genoa and Milan. (III) This was partly due
to find out differences between men and to political reasons and partly to the lack of
women. (II) They're especially interested in basic raw materials. (IV) It was the
discovering what women can do better than availability of hydroelectric power and a
men. (III) As far as language is concerned, labour force capable of acquiring the
studies show that girls begin talking before necessary skills, which together brought
hoys and are able to make more varied and about the rapid development in the 20th
sophisticated sentences. (IV) On the other century. (V) Indeed, the industrial progress
hand, men like demonstrating their in Italy during the 1950s has been
authority more formally and care more described as “miraculous”.
about hierarchy. (V) In addition to having a
better command of the language, women A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
also have better social skills.
100) (I) Scientists can now speed up the
A) I B) II C) III D) IV& E) V process of genetic cnange through
biotechnology. (II) Farmers need no longer
98) (I) Anti-social behaviour is the common wait patiently for breeding to yield improved
term used to describe incidents or actions crops and animals, nor must they even
that cause damage or affect the quality of respect natural lines of reproduction among
life of people in a community. (II) These can species. (III) Laboratory scientists can now
include vandalism, graffiti, intimidation and select desirable traits from any of a number
nuisance neighbours. (III) Some sorts of of species and insert those traits into the
behaviour can damage an area and affect genetic material of crops and animals. (IV)
the people who live there. (IV) The police, In this way, they can obtain the desired
local authorities and housing associations breeding of any species. (V) Normally,
have recently been given new powers to try tomatoes produce a protein that softens
and tackle this problem and make them after they have been picked.
neighbourhoods safer. (V) These powers
haven't been created to stop you hanging A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SECTION ONE
Find the best answer for the blank spaces below;
Taking a train ride __(1)__ Denmark, a small, tidy country __(2)__ lots of rich farmland, is a unique visual
experience these days. At almost any point __(3)__ the journey, you can spot __(4)__ one or two giant,
three-bladed wind turbines turning slowly in the breeze, quietly and cleanly converting currents of air
__(5)__ currents of electricity. These gleaming white machines now produce a full 7 percent __(6)__
Denmark's electricity.
1) 4)
A) from A) at the most
B) across B) at last
C) out of C) in the end
D) without D) in between
E) of E) at least
2) 5)
A) in A) among
B) of B) without
C) with C) from
D) into D) out of
E) over E) into
3) 6)
A) upon A) without
B) at B) out of
C) in C) of
D) on D) from
E) into E) than
NOTE: on holiday
across the sea on the journey
across the Atlantic ( from one end of the Atlantic on business
to the other) on a business trip
from across the country ( from every part of the on a training course
country) on the expedition
on the way to …..
Choose the correct one of the two words in bold;
(Unlike/Like) conventional power plants, which are owned by large private or public companies,
Denmark's wind turbines are often (owning/owned) by the farmers on (whose/whom) land they stand, or
by farmers' cooperatives. The revenue (producing/produced) by the wind turbines typically (is
flowing/flows) directly into the local community, and to the manufacturers and service firms that
(maintain/maintains) them. Denmark also draws on a form of renewable energy known as biomass
(biological materials (derived/deriving) from plants). Small, locally based power plants burn straw and
other agricultural waste to produce electricity (as well as/in addition) hot water for local heating. The rapid
transformation of Denmark's energy system during the last ten years may turn (on/out) to be the leading
wave of something (much/more) larger.
NOTE: rather + comparative one more question
(much/a lot/far) smaller two more times
(much/a lot/far) more rapidly no + comparative three more books
(much/a lot/far) more elaborate four more cities
(much/a lot/far) closer any + comparative a few more shops
many more examples
The timing of the advances in energy resources __(7)__ sunlight, wind and other renewable __(8)__ could
__(9)__ critical importance to the future of modern civilization. Most experts believe that an energy system
based on fossil fuels cannot be __(10)__ for another century. Such a transition could make the 21st
century the age of renewable energy.
7) 9)
A) unlike A) become
B) as B) be of
C) such as C) be without
D) alike D) be to
E) as such E) be
8) 10)
A) them A) sustained
B) these B) preserved
C) those C) expressed
D) one D) established
E) ones E) ignored
NOTE: be of value
be of importance be of use
be of significance be of concern
be of interest
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
account explain the reason for Can you account for your absence last
for Friday
account make up/constitute Students account for the vast majority of our
for sth customers.
act for Who is acting for/on behalf of (= who is
represent representing) the defendant?
act sth express your thoughts, emotions or Children's negative feelings often get acted
out ideas in your actions: out in bad behaviour.
act up behave badly Sophie got bored and started acting up.
add up to amount to sth His plans add up to concrete results.
allow for consider/take into account We have to allow for the possibility that we
might not finish on schedule.
ask after request information in the absence of She asked after you when I met her.
ask for request/demand The committee asked for more information
about the incident.
ask sb in invite someone to come into a building I'd ask you in for a coffee but I have to get up
or room, especially your home early for work in the morning.
ask sb out invite someone to come with you to a She's asked Steve out to the cinema this
place such as the cinema or a evening.
restaurant, especially as a way of You should ask her out sometime
starting a romantic relationship
Answer the questions according to the passage;
It has been nearly a century since the world had a comparable opportunity to change its energy system.
Much of the system now in place was created in an explosion of invention that began around 1890 and
was largely completed by 1910. Cities all over the world were transformed as automobiles and electric
lights replaced horse-drawn carriages and gas lamps. Technologies that had prevailed for centuries
became obsolete in a matter of years, and the 20th century emerged as the age of fossil fuels.
11) It is said in the passage that today’s energy system _________.
A) has undergone few changes for almost one century

B) the changes in today’s energy system mostly took place approximately between 1890 and 1910
C) is based on what the energy system was based on a hundred years ago
D) initially led to an explosion of inventions around 1890
E) had completely been formed before 1910
12) Gas lambs ______________.
A) and horse-drawn carriages had lost popularity even before the end of 19 th century
B) used to be seen just in homes
C) used to burn something else, not any of the fossil fuels
D) were replaced by electric lights because of the low cost of electricity
E) became outmoded when electric lights came into existence
13) By the 20th century, ________.
A) only a minority of the new energy technologies were already in use

B) the transition from the old energy system to a fossil fuel-based one was almost complete
C) horses were no longer used in rural sections of society
D) there hadn’t been any alterations to the structure of cities
E) previous technologies had again gained popularity
Find the sentence which doesn’t conform to the unity of the paragraph;
14) (I) Thanks to a potent combination of advancing technology and government incentives,
renewable energy may finally be coming of age. (II) As confirmed by scientific research, the formation
of fossil fuels doesn’t occur overnight. (III) Signs of this change are visible in world energy markets.
(IV) In the 1990s wind power generation grew at a rate of 25.7 percent per year, and production of
solar energy expanded 16.8 percent annually. (V) During the same period, oil production grew just
1.4 percent per year.
NOTE:
be of age
come of age
Choose the correct one of the two words;
Advances in electronics, software, and synthetic materials are __(15)__ to play a key role in __(16)__
new energy system. The silicon semiconductor chip, a technology that is __(17)__ than 40 years old,
is now used in __(18)__ every industry. Increased processing power and the miniaturization of
electronic devices make it possible __(19)__ all energy devices more __(20)__, opening new ways of
producing, consuming, and conserving energy. __(21)__ the latest semiconductor chips, for
example, the blades of a wind turbine can now be precisely and inexpensively positioned to
maximize efficiency. Developments in chemistry and materials science may also offer critical
breakthroughs in the years ahead, __(23)__ the creation of a new generation of sophisticated,
lightweight materials.
15) 18)
A) probably B) likely A) particularly B) nearly
16)
A) any B) all 19)
17) A) to control B) controlling
A) less B) fewer
20)
A) efficient B) efficiently
22)
21) A) having allowed B) allowing
A) used B) using
NOTE:
He recovered from that serious disease in a short time, making us happy and surprised.
Fire was discovered, enabling nomadic people to establish a settled way of life.
Underlying markets can shift abruptly, drying up sales of traditional energy and transportation
sources
23) Put the following sentences in order so as to form a paragraph;
(I) These include ancient sources of power, such as the wind and sun, as well as comparatively new
forms of power, such as the fuel cell. (II) Should this new system come into being, the conventional
forms of energy will be a thing of the past. (III) A wide range of renewable energy resources could play an
important role in the 21st century. (IV)A host of other resources, including geothermal heat, biomass, and
ocean power, may also figure prominently in the world's next energy system.
A) I/III/IV/II B) III/II/I/IV C) IV/III/I/III D) III/I/IV/II E) II/I/IV/III
NOTE: come into being

living being bring something into being
human being strange beings
strange being
Choose the correct one of the three words in brackets;
The 21st century may be __(24)__ shaped by the move away from fossil fuels as the 20th century was
marked by the move toward them. But most experts believe a new energy system will take decades to
develop. Investment in the current system is massive, and enormous resources will __(25)__ to build a
new one. __(26)__ events in the late 19th century demonstrated, however, underlying markets can shift
abruptly, drying up sales of traditional energy and transportation sources and affecting scores of
industries. The economic health and political power of entire nations may __(27)__, or in the case of
some countries that now rely on oil production, sharply diminished. Nations, industries, cities, homes, and
lives will probably be reshaped in ways __(28)__ cannot be fully anticipated.
24)
A) more profound B) as profoundly C) as profound
25)
A) be required B) require C) be requiring
26)
A) As B) Like C) Unlike
27)
A) be boosting B) have boosted C) be boosted
28)
A) in which B) in that C) that
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
back away withdraw slowly

The government has backed away from plans to increase taxes.
back down withdraw a claim / to admit that you were wrong or that you have been
defeated
Eventually, Roberto backed down and apologized.
Local residents have forced the local council to back down from/on its plans to build a nightclub in their
street.
back out withdraw from a promise

You agreed to come. You can't back out now!
They backed out of the deal the day before they were due to sign the contract
back up support
The chief committee is backed up by a number of sub committees.
My family backed me up throughout the court case.
bear out prove/confirm

His version of events just isn't borne out by the facts.
If you tell them what happened I will bear you out (on it).
bear up (to) tolerate/endure

It is not easy to bear up to such calamities.
"How has she been since the funeral?" "Oh, she's bearing up."
All the sentences below are part of a whole, and answer the questions accordingly.
Technological advances are breathing a new life into an energy source long tapped by humans: the wind.
29) From this statement, we understand that _____________.
A) technology rests on wind power to improve itself further

B) humans are finding other sources of energy as well as wind power
C) wind power has come into use recently
D) technological progress is opening up new ways of utilizing wind
E) wind power is the most reliable and inexpensive source of energy
The first windmills for grinding grain appeared in Persia just over 1,000 years ago.
30) In this statement, we are told that _____________.
A) there were few windmills out of Persia one millennium ago

B) Persia is where the windmills for a purpose other than energy production originated
C) windmills are efficiently utilized in Persia
D) other countries got the know-how of windmills directly from Persia
E) Persia still uses windmills to make flour out of cereals
The windmills later spread to China, throughout the Mediterranean, and then to northern Europe, where
the Dutch developed the towering windmills for which the country is still known.
31) From this statement, we learn that _____________.
A) the Mediterranean countries were inspired as regards windmills by China

B) there are tall windmills in Germany which are famous
C) China has become heavily dependent on windmills as an energy source
D) windmills are used only in one country in northern Europe
E) the Netherlands is noted for its tall windmills
The technology found other applications, including pumping water for irrigation and drinking in the
American West in the late 19th century.
32) From this statement, we can conclude that _____________.
A) the American West completely modified the structure of windmills so as to fit the emerging needs
B) water for irrigation and drinking was obtained in the American West in the late 19th century only
through windmills
C) windmills came to serve new purposes other than just grinding grain in time
D) the American West was an agricultural society in which windmills were indispensable
E) Americans were the first people to use windmills for power generation
But it was not until the late 1970s, when Danish researchers applied advanced engineering and materials
to wind-power generation, that the technology emerged as a potentially serious competitor to fossil fuels.
33) It is said in this statement that _____________.
A) competition between countries for generating power through windmills became fierce in the late
1970s
B) wind power as a source of power generation started to rival fossil fuels seriously towards 1980s
C) wind power was replaced by fossil fuels thanks to Danish researchers
D) advanced engineering techniques were used to develop windmills for irrigation
E) Danish engineers were among the first to use windmills for wind-power generation
All the sentences below are part of a whole, and answer the questions accordingly.
Solar power is another energy source that has benefited from developments in modern technology. The
oldest forms of solar power used sunlight as a direct source of heat energy.
34) It is said in this statement that _____________.
A) sunlight was first used to obtain heat

B) use of solar energy has been aided by developments in modern technology
C) solar power has facilitated developments in modern technology
D) the oldest source of power was the energy obtained from sunlight
E) if it hadn’t been for developments in technology, there wouldn’t be solar energy
One simple device used to reflect solar energy, the parabolic mirror (a dish with a concave reflective
surface), can be traced to 3rd century BC Greek mathematician and inventor Archimedes.
35) We understand from what is said in the statement that __________.
A) we owe all our present technology in solar energy to the Greek mathematician and inventor
Archimedes
B) although once a simple device, the parabolic mirror has become complex
C) the parabolic mirror which was used by Archimedes is still used in solar energy studies
D) Greeks have contributed greatly to the developments in the field of solar energy
E) the parabolic mirror was first used by the Greek mathematician and inventor Archimedes
In 1882 the Frenchman Abel Pifre demonstrated that a parabolic mirror could reflect and focus the sun's
rays onto a water boiler, producing sufficient steam power to operate a small printing press.
36) It can be inferred from this statement that _____________.
A) the operation of many of today’s printing presses depends upon solar energy
B) the year 1882 was when solar power was first used for household work
C) the Frenchman Abel Pifre produced enough steam power to run a steamer
D) the Frenchman Abel Pifre was the first to use the sun’s rays to operate a small printing press
E) the Frenchman Abel Pifre must have learnt what he knew about solar energy from Archimedes
Several modern solar power stations use an array of such reflectors, which move to track the sun, focusing
solar energy onto a central boiler.
37) It can be inferred from this statement that _____________.
A) the reflectors mentioned above are stationary, that is, fixed

B) the reflectors aforementioned accumulate solar energy on themselves
C) in some of today’s solar power stations, more than one reflector, one next to another, are used for
capturing solar energy
D) reflectors aren’t as efficiently utilized as required yet
E) the reflectors used in modern solar power stations are different from those used by Abel Pifre
NOTE: Present-day problems are far more

those who want more freedom different from those of the past.
those which are sold on the counter The colour of my new car resembles very
those invited to the party much that of yours.
those living in the suburbs Standards in our institution cannot be
those eager to make a fortune compared with those of an ordinary
those not satisfied with their own way of life collage.
Find the word closest in meaning to the words in bold;
The technology with the most potential to reshape the world energy economy in the century ahead (38)
may be the fuel cell. The principle behind fuel cells was first discovered in 1829, nearly (39) 50 years
before the first internal-combustion engine. Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that (40) combine
hydrogen and oxygen in an electrolyte fluid (a solution of ions that conducts (41) an electric current),
creating an electrical charge across a membrane. The reaction produces a steady (42) flow of electricity.
Unlike most power plants, which use mechanically spinning generators, fuel cells have no moving parts
(43).
38) 41)
A) preceding A) organizes
B) to come B) performs
C) alongside C) leads
D) soon D) directs
E) closing E) transmits
39) 42)
A) accurately A) even
B) abruptly B) incessant
C) entirely C) smooth
D) closely D) level
E) almost E) eternal
40) 43)
A) which A) sections
B) the fact that B) divisions
C) this C) separations
D) what D) components
E) those E) ingredients
NOTE:
A person with intelligence=a person who has intelligence
The technology with the most potential=the technology having the most potential
married with three children=married and has three children
with no qualifications=having no qualifications
an international company with offices in Paris, New York and Sydney= an international company that
has offices in Paris, New York and Sydney.
capacity to deal with soon after/before
hope to find the missing child some time after/before
intention to set up a business just after/before
chance to live longer years after/before
methods to increase production a long time after/before
decision to revise the current system weeks after/before
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
blow up explode
He drove over a landmine and his jeep blew up.
They threatened to blow up the plane if their demands were not met.
break away leave/separate

They intend to break away from the confederation
He grabbed her, but she managed to break away.
break down stop functioning

Do not touch the device if it breaks down.
break down to be unable to control your feelings and to start to cry

When we gave her the bad news, she broke down and cried.
break in/into enter by force to steal sth

The burglars must have been professional to be able to break into this a museum.
break in on interrupt (a conversation)

I was talking to Mom on the phone when the operator broke in on our call.
break off stop suddenly

Their relationship broke off suddenly when they learnt the truth about each other.
They've broken off their engagement.
break out appear, commence suddenly

The epidemic broke out in the south of the country.
break up disintegrate/leave
The huge union is broken up into small independent republics.
I don't want to break up the party but I really have to go now.
break up end a relationship

She's just broken up with her boyfriend.
Find the explanation closest in meaning to the section in bold;
The first generation of fuel cells is likely to obtain (44) hydrogen from natural gas, which can be separated
(45) into hydrogen and carbon dioxide when heated(46). But the long-term goal (47) is to use hydrogen
directly. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe (48) and is found on earth as a
component of (49) water. Hydrogen can be produced from water through (50) electrolysis, which involves
splitting water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen by running an electric current between submerged
electrodes.
44) 48)
A) can most probably extract A) There are few substances in the
B) will easily derive universe as much in quantity as
C) may have to get hydrogen.
D) will probably get B) There is no other element as
E) is going to elicit much in quantity as or more than
hydrogen in the universe.
45) C) Hydrogen can be abundantly
A) developed found in every part of the universe.
B) converted D) Hydrogen is used more heavily
C) diminished than any other chemicals in the
D) removed universe.
E) split E) The universe is rich in hydrogen,
which means it is huge in quantity.
46)
A) upon heating 49)
B) when it is heated A) constituent of
C) while heating B) portion of
D) after it was heated C) section of
E) once heated D) division of
E) deprivation of
47)
A) the target which is achieved
B) the aim of achieving something 50)
long-lasting A) from
C) the long and complex structure B) from one end to the other
D) the objective for future C) by means of
E) the expanding amount D) in view of
E) from inside
Find the word closest in meaning to the words in bold;
The fuel-cell concept (51) first attracted (52) interest in the late 19th century, when (53) a fuel cell three
times as efficient as American inventor Thomas Edison's best electric generator was demonstrated.
However (54), the technology was expensive, and interest in the concept withered (55). Advances in
materials and electronics were necessary (56) to make fuel cells useful and practical. In the 1960s fuel
cells captured the interest of the U.S. space program, which developed small, efficient fuel cells for use in
spacecraft. These orbiting fuel cells were expensive, but by the 1980s—in the wake (57) of the 1970s oil
shortages—they had again attracted the interest of government researchers and investors.
51)
A) usage 55)
B) perception A) fascinated
C) term B) shortened
D) option C) renewed
E) idea D) lost
E) faded
52)
A) derived
B) defined 56)
C) refreshed A) required
D) aroused B) absolute
E) revised C) definite
D) obligatory
53) E) futile
A) which
B) in which
C) that
D) where 57)
E) at which A) beginning
B) opening
54) C) aftermath
A) Nevertheless D) eve
B) Thus E) afterwards
C) Although
D) Despite
E) Much as
NOTE:
Ankara is half as distant from Konya as from Istanbul.
I assure you will earn twice as much money from this job as from your previous job.
This chemical is claimed to be ten times as lethal in summer as it is in winter.
Research has shown that people work many times as efficiently while in a group as when they
work in person.
I am certainly almost as good at swimming as you are at football.
He seems nearly as dedicated to his family as I am to my job.
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
bring about cause

He brought about his company's collapse by his reckless spending.
The conflict will bring about a serious war soon.
bring down reduce

When are they going to bring down the price of DVD players?
The government is determined to bring down the inflation rate.
bring in introduce
The chairman has brought in new rules to be observed by the staff.
New safety regulations have been brought in.
bring on make something happen, usually something bad

The loud music brought on another one of his headaches.
bring out publish
She will bring out her new book of essays next month.
They've just brought out a new, smaller phone.
bring sth out produce something to sell to the public:

They've just brought out a new, smaller phone.
bring round persuade

It is not easy to bring him round on such a delicate matter.
At first they refused but I managed to bring them round (to my way of thinking)
bring sb round make someone become conscious again after being unconscious
I gave him a sniff of smelling salts to bring him round.
bring up educate and care for a child/mention a subject

The subject was not brought up during the discussion.
She was brought up by her grandmother.
brush up on review
You should brush up on the previous parts before coming to class.
I thought I'd brush up on my French before going to Paris.
build up develop, improve

They have built up the old system.
Tension is building up between the two communities.
NOTE:
When seen from a distance, the tree may be mistaken for a human.
As claimed by experts, the primary cause of infantile paralysis is inherited traits.
Before promoted to a senior position, every worker has to spend at least four years in their
position.
If oppressed while a child, a person may grow up into a monster.
Although trained to be a clergyman, John Donne chose to be an eccentric poet.
Natural gas could form a kind of bridge to a hydrogen-based energy system. Natural gas is more
abundant (58) than oil, and it has been less heavily exploited (59), raising the prospect (60) that it will be
an important energy source early in the next century. Because (61) the system for transporting natural
gas can also be used to carry hydrogen, a separate system for hydrogen could be built up gradually (62).
One approach would be to mix (63) hydrogen with natural gas and carry the fuels in the same pipelines,
shifting later to new pipelines that (64) are designed to carry pure hydrogen.
58) E) Thanks to
A) adequate
B) proper 62)
C) plentiful A) in the foreseeable future
D) appropriate B) admirably
E) widespread C) by chance
D) all of a sudden
59) E) step by step
A) destroyed
B) eliminated
C) used 63)
D) looted A) combine
E) loaded B) unite
C) absorb
60) D) blend
A) possibility E) spread
B) fund
C) expectation
D) respect 64)
E) spectacle A) the fact that
B) which
61) C) --
A) When D) they
B) Since E) whose
C) Just as
D) Due to
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
call sb back telephone someone again, or to telephone someone who called

you earlier
I'm a bit busy - can I call you back later?
call (in) on sb visit someone for a short time

I thought we might call in on your mother on our way - I've got some magazines for her.
call sb up telephone someone

My dad called me up to tell me the good news.
call sb up(usually passive) order someone to join a military organization or to ask someone to
join an official, especially national, team
He was called up when the war began.
call for require, demand

The delicate situation in the region calls for an immediate meeting.
It's the sort of work that calls for a high level of concentration.
call off cancel

The scheduled meeting will be called off if it is this cold next week.
Tomorrow's match has been called off because of the icy weather.
care about be interested

She does not care about any political developments.
She's never cared very much about her appearance.
care for like/look after

Would you care for a drink?
She can't go out to work because she has to stay at home to care for her elderly mother.
carry on continue
He will carry on with his duties until next month when he may leave the service.
Daphne is carrying on the family tradition by becoming a lawyer.
carry out fulfill, perform

The hospital is carrying out tests to find out what's wrong with her.
It is hoped that the kidnappers will not carry out their threat to kill the hostages.
Fill in the blanks with the most suitable word;
search whether unrest massive rapid
Four circumstances shaped the _____ population movement. The first was rising misery in Europe
and Asia, caused by population growth, warfare, social ____, famine, and unemployment. These
conditions pushed many people to leave their homes in _____ of a better life,____ in their own
region of the world or on some foreign shore.
competed contrast settlement such as migration as well as foremost
construction voyages speedily shortened replaced fostering

Tremendous improvement in ocean travel was another factor____ the movement of people overseas. New
_____techniques made it possible to build larger wooden sailing ships that could carry many passengers.
These ships sailed more ____ across the oceans with the help of vast sails strung from taller masts.
Ships’ strength, speed, and capacity increased still more near the end of the century, when iron hulls ___
wooden ones. The use of steam engines further ___ the length of a voyage, although it took several
decades of improvements before such engines were practical on long ___.
concerned the lead adopted volume ample governed less
Finally, new laws made ocean travel ____ dangerous. As the ____of passenger travel increased,
governments introduced rules and regulations to protect passengers. Some regulations ___ the
seaworthiness of ships. Other rules were ____with passengers’ health and safety. Large ships
had to provide each passenger with a minimum amount of space, ____ food and water,
adequate sanitary facilities, and competent medical care. Britain took ____, passing six
passenger acts between 1803 and 1855. Other countries ____ similar codes but were not
always as strict in their enforcement.
vessels spread mortality courage rough faced

Despite these advances, ocean migrants ___ many risks. While ships were stronger and safer than ____
in earlier times, many passengers still suffered from seasickness in ____ seas and storms. Worse was
the ease with
In ____to which
the bad diseasesthey
conditions could ____
faced on crowded
in their countriesships, causing
of birth, many
the lands thatdeaths despite
they turned the best
to promised
efforts
steadyof employment,
medical personnel.
higher There
wages,were
andalso
landhigh ____ rates
for____. This among
was thesome immigrant
second factor groups, caused
that motivated
bymass____
unfamiliar at
diseases in new
this time. Theclimates.
openingFor
of these
vast reasons, venturing
new lands overseasintook
for settlement thegreat ____
United .
States and
Canada,____ in South America, Australia, and elsewhere, pulled in millions of Europeans. The
economic expansion that made the United States the world’s ___ industrial power by 1900 created
millions of new jobs at wages well above those prevailing in other continents. Many Asians and
Africans were pulled to expanding plantation economies in tropical lands, though some ___elsewhere
with Europeans for jobs ___ mining and railroad construction.
kidnapped against exile to migrate as
NOTE:
For most Görüldüğümany
people, the decision ___ overseas was voluntary. However, gibi ‘well’
peoplekelimesi, ‘oldukça’
were forced overseas
well worth a visit=really worth a visit anlamı da verebilmektedir.
___their wills. Millions of Africans were forcefully taken from their homes to be sold ___ slaves.
well above/below
Thousands of Europeans the were
standards
sent into ___ as criminals. Thousands of Asians and Pacific Islanders
well over £100
were tricked onto labor ships.
well away from the edge of the cliff
well into the 21st century
until well after midnight
Answer the following questions according to the short paragraph below.
Europeans were most likely to migrate in family units. African migrations reflected the proportions of the
slave trade, about 50 women for every 100 men. But on virtually all migration routes, single men
predominated.
65) According to the statements above, the migrants from Europe________.
A) moved to another country together with their families most often

B) took almost all their possessions with them to the country they immigrated to
C) liked immigrating with their families rather than on their own
D) constituted the majority of the immigrants
E) didn’t leave any member of their families behind during immigration
66) We can conclude from the statements that ____________.
A) there were hardly any women among those that migrated abroad
B) the majority of immigrants was made up of females
C) Europeans took slaves with them during immigration
D) there were no married men attempting to migrate
E) there were more men than women among slaves
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
carry through finish successfully

They carried through with the tedious task until it was completed successfully.
It is doubtful whether it will be possible to carry through the education reforms as quickly as the
government
hope.
catch on become popular

Popular songs seem to catch on in California first and then spread eastward.
catch up with become level with

We were able to catch up with the rescue team.
Will Western industry ever catch up with Japanese innovation?
check up on examine, investigate

The boys promised to check up on the condition of the summer house from time to time.
check in register at a hotel etc.

The guests should check in the hotel by 10:30 in the morning.
Passengers are requested to check in two hours before the flight.
check out leave a hotel/investigate, examine

Be sure to take all your belongings before you check out of the hotel.
We'll need to check out his story.
chop off remove by cutting

His fore finger was chopped off while cutting wood.
clear away disperse/make a place tidy

The crowd cleared away when they saw the police.
I want you to clear all these toys away before bedtime.
close down stop working

The factory closed down due to severe economic conditions.
All the mines in this area were closed down in the 80's.
close in gradually get nearer to someone, usually in order to attack them

The advancing soldiers closed in on the town.
The hunt chased the fox until it was too tired and weak to run and then closed in for the kill.
Some migration streams were __(67)__ all male, such as the Chinese migrations to Latin America and
the men __(68)__ many nationalities who flocked to the gold __(69)__ in California between 1848
and 1850, Australia between 1851 and 1853, South Africa between 1884 and 1889, and the Canadian
Klondike between 1897 and 1898. __(70)__, once they established themselves overseas, many men
sent __(71) __ their wives or fiancées. Others selected “picture brides” out of photographic albums of
women eager __(72)__.
67) 70)
A) appropriately A) Although
B) adequately B) Therefore
C) roughly C) Despite
D) nearly D) In addition
E) merely E) However
68) 71)
A) with A) back
B) out of B) out
C) of C) in
D) among D) away
E) in E) for
69) 72)
A) floods A) to emigrate
B) rushes B) to have emigrated
C) attractions C) emigrating
D) reserves D) emigrated
E) tendencies E) having emigrated
Answer the question according to the sentence below:
Around the world, new energy technologies that do not rely on fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and
natural gas are moving from the experimental stage to commercial reality.
73) From the statement above, we can conclude that ___________.
A) natural gas doesn’t depend on new energy technologies

B) more than necessary experiments have been made to develop new energy technologies
C) no source of energy would become possible without experiments
D) new technologies of producing energy are gradually becoming applicable
E) petroleum is more widely and heavily consumed than coal and natural gas
Answer the question according to the sentence below:

Sunlight, wind, and other renewable resources of energy are increasingly converted into useful forms of
energy with ever-greater efficiency. The new technologies still provide less than 1 percent of the world's
energy supply, but they appear to be advancing rapidly.
74) It is understood from the passage that wind ___________.
A) is regarded as a renewable source of energy

B) is more easily converted into energy than, say, sunlight
C) meets almost 1 percent of the world's energy supply
D) doesn’t give off any harmful substances
E) is expected to provide more energy soon than other renewable resources
NOTE: the ever-increasing demand

(‘ever’ may mean ‘always’) We are spending more than ever on
ever-present threat education.
as ever The smell is worse than ever.
evergreen plants
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
come about occur, happen

How did this incident come about?
come across meet by chance

I came across an old friend at the cafe.
come along improve, progress, go somewhere with someone

His German has come along well within a short time.
We're going to the cinema. Do you want to come along?
come down with become ill

I think I am coming down with the flu.
come in for sth receive blame or criticism

The director has come in for a lot of criticism over his handling of the affair.
come into inherit

She knows that she will come into a huge fortune when her mother dies.
come out appear

The investigations came out with no concrete evidence.
come to regain consciousness
He came to himself after taking this medicine.
come up arise, be mentioned, be discussed

The issue did not come up during the meeting.
come up against meet a problem or difficulty

Do not panic when you come up against a tough problem.
come up to result as expected

Their performance did not come up to my expectations.
come up with find an answer, idea etc.

One of the members came up with a brilliant solution during the talks.
crop up appear unexpectedly

New problems may crop up after this shift in the system.
Choose the most suitable conjunctive for the blank space
Most forms of transport involve the combustion of fossil fuels, __(75)__ adds to the problem of air
pollution. Air pollution problems are most intense __(76)__ the traffic is most dense, around city centres
and airports, for example. Over the years, __(77)__ transport has been used more widely, legislation has
been introduced to reduce the amounts of pollutants released, and in modern society vehicles are
becoming increasingly environmentally friendly. __(78)__, this positive effect is offset by the increasing
number of vehicles. For example, in the UK, experts predict __(79)__ car traffic will grow by at least 50%
over the next 25 years. Traffic (especially road traffic) and associated construction work also contributes
to issues __(80)__ congestion, noise pollution and the disruption of ecosystems __(81)__ the air
pollution.
75) C) when
A) what D) why
B) that E) that
C) whose
D) which 77)
E) where A) just as
B) although
76) C) as though
A) where D) as
B) in which E) much as
A) the same as
78) B) such
A) That is C) such as
B) Moreover D) similar to
C) Besides E) alike
D) Therefore
E) However
79) 81)
A) where A) as well as
B) that B) in addition
C) how C) furthermore
D) how much D) despite
E) when E) because of
80)
I do not think it possible for many people at the age of six to be able to predict their future with __(82)__
accuracy. However, at that age I felt confident enough to inform my mother that I intended __(83)__ my
own zoo and moreover, I added, I would give her a cottage to live (84)_____. If my mother had been an
American parent, she __(85)__ me to the nearest psychiatrist; however, being fairly phlegmatic, she
merely said she thought that it __(86)__ lovely and promptly forgot __(87)__ it. She should have been
warned since, from the age of two, I __(88)__ matchboxes and my pockets with a wide variety of the
smaller fauna that came __(89)__ my way, so the progress from a matchbox to a zoo began __(90)__
predicted. It is nice to record though that, before she died, I had fulfilled my promise and __(91)__ her to
live in my zoo, not in a cottage but in a manor house.
82)
A) some B) any C) no
83)
A) to have B) having C) having had
84)
A) on B) at C) in
85)
A) would take B) would have taken C) may have taken
86)
A) would have been B)should be C) may be
87)
A) about B) with C) of
88)
A) have been filling B) would fill C) had been filling
89)
A) at B) on C) in
90)
A) as B) thus C) yet
91)
A) allowed B) enabled C) provided
__(92)__ human beings transformed their lifestyles from hunter gathering to an agricultural and
domesticated existence, they have searched for ways to move around __(93)__ on foot. Early forms of
transport __(94)__ boats and horses. It was __(95)__ the Industrial Revolution however, that transport
really took off, with the __(96)__ of steam power and the train in the 18 th and 19th centuries, and the
combustion engine and road transport in the 20 th century. The use of fossil fuels to power transport made
long-distance travel __(97)__ more accessible.
92) 94)
A) Since A) was including
B) After B) have included
C) When C) had included
D) As soon as D) included
E) The moment E) have been including
93) 95)
A) as well as A) only when
B) other than B) since
C) in spite of C) only because
D) moreover D) long after
E) while E) not until
96) 97)
A) innovation A) much
B) occurrence B) a lot of
C) devastation C) many
D) improvement D) further
E) discovery E) quite
NOTE:
grow by 10 percent
reduce the price by two dollars
increase the volume of export by half
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
count on trust, rely on

You can count on him fully.
cut down on reduce the amount of

We should cut down on our expenses.
cut off stop supply of

The water supply was cut off last night.
When his wife died, he cut himself off from other people.
call on ask to recite in class

The teacher called on students in the back row.
call on visit
The old minister continued to call on his sick parishioners.
come to regain consciousness

He was hit on the head very hard, but after several minutes, he started to come to again.
come over visit
The children promised to come over, but they never do.
do over repeat a job

Do this homework over.
die away (down) become weak gradually

The effect of the medicine has died away and I feel pain now.
do away with remove, abolish

The government intends to do away with capital punishment.
draw back retreat, withdraw

Enemy forces had to draw back in face of our strong army.
drop out stop attending school or course

She dropped out of school after she married.
dwell on (upon) think or speak a lot about
The committee dwelt upon the issue for a long time.
drop by visit without appointment

We used to just drop by, but they were never home, so we stopped doing that.
eat out dine in a restaurant

When we visited Paris, we loved eating out in the sidewalk cafes.
Answer the questions according to the passage below;
Flu - the short name for influenza - is a highly contagious infection that causes fever, chills, dry cough,
sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, as well as headache, muscle aches, and often extreme fatigue. Flu
usually is a mild disease in healthy children, young adults, and middle-aged people. However, it can
be life threatening in older adults. Flu viruses change all the time. For this reason, you need to get a flu
shot every year. To give your body time to build the proper defense, it's important to get a flu shot
between September and mid-November, before the flu season usually starts. Although side effects
from the flu shot are slight for most people, some soreness, redness, or swelling may occur on the arm
where the shot was given. About 5 to 10 percent of people have mild side effects such as headache or
low-grade fever, which last for about a day after vaccination.
98) It is clearly stated in the paragraph that ____________.
A) the name flu is more commonly used than the word influenza
B) flu has got several effects which hinder the normal functioning of the body
C) flu means an eventual death for all adults
D) flu merely affects healthy children, young adults, and middle-aged people
E) healthy children, aren’t affected by flu in any way
99) From the effects of flu stated in the sentence, we can reach the conclusion that _________.
A) it may be difficult for those with flu to breath through nose

B) taking a long rest is absolutely necessary for people that are infected with flu
C) flu will certainly have psychological effects as well as physiological ones
D) throat is the most vulnerable part of the body in case of flu
E) most drugs on the market are ineffective against flu
100) As for vaccination, _______________.
A) there is a wide vaccination campaign in every county between September and mid-November
B) flu shots may put patients’ life in jeopardy unless properly given
C) most cases of flu are reported between September and mid-November
D) there is some discomfort that is caused by a flu shot
E) the only way to get rid of flu is to get a flu shot after you contract it
SECTION 16) B 33) B 50) C 67) D 84) C

ONE 17) A 34) B 51) E 68) C 85) B
1) B 18) B 35) E 52) D 69) B 86) B
2) C 19) A 36) D 53) B 70) E 87) A
3) D 20) A 37) C 54) A 71) E 88) C
4) E 21) B 38) B 55) E 72) A 89) B
5) E 22) B 39) E 56) A 73) D 90) A
6) C 23) C 40) A 57) D 74) A 91) B
7) C 24) B 41) E 58) C 75) D 92) A
8) E 25) A 42) B 59) C 76) A 93) B
9) B 26) A 43) D 60) A 77) D 94) D
10) A 27) C 44) D 61) B 78) E 95) E
11) B 28) C 45) E 62) E 79) B 96)E
12) E 29) D 46) B 63) D 80) C 97) A
13) B 30) B 47) D 64) B 81) A 98) B
14) B 31) E 48) B 65) A 82) B 99) A
15) A 32) C 49) A 66) C 83) A 100) D
SECTION TWO
Choose the suitable preposition for the blank space;
__(1)__ one form or another, energy is constantly flowing through and around us. Energy is an
inherent characteristic __(2)__ any physical system; everywhere there is change, there is a
transformation of energy. __(3)__ energy, life would be impossible. There are different forms of
energy. Potential energy is energy that is stored somewhere. A raised ball, for example, has potential
energy __(4)__ virtue of its position relative __(5)__ the Earth. When the ball is dropped, the potential
energy is transformed __(6)__ kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is energy associated with motion.
Similarly, there is potential energy in a piece of wood or a lump of coal. When burned, the potential
energy present in the chemical bonds __(7)__ the molecules which make __(8)__ these fuels is
converted into heat - kinetic energy associated with the vibration of atoms.
1) 5)
A) From A) on
B) In B) in
C) At C) for
D) With D) to
E) By E) with
2) 6)
A) of A) from
B) in B) into
C) from C) above
D) on D) below
E) for E) out of
3) 7)
A) With A) on
B) From B) with
C) Through C) between
D) Without D) of
E) During E) throughout
4) 8)
A) onto A) out
B) for B) from
C) from C) for
D) in D) to
E) by E) up
9) Find the sentence which doesn’t conform to the unity of the paragraph;
(I) The Sun is the primary energy source upon which almost all life depends. (II) The Earth
receives energy from the Sun in the form of radiation. (III) This energy undergoes many changes,
affecting the planet in many ways, and is eventually re-emitted as heat back into space. (IV)
Virtually all of the energy available at the Earth's surface comes from the Sun. (V) While it lights
our day and provides energy for life, sunlight can also be harmful to people.
10) Complete the blank with the most suitable sentence.
Despite popular impressions of science, it is not the goal of science to answer all questions, but
only those that pertain to physical reality (measurable empirical experience). __________.
Rather, science consistently tests the currently best hypothesis about some aspect of the
physical world, and, when necessary, revises or replaces it in light of new observations or data.
A) All fields of science are interrelated and they cannot be thought of as separate
B) Scientists make great use of their senses of perception for observation
C) Science is in search for answers not to morals but about how things work
D) Science does not and can not produce absolute and unquestionable truth
E) Experience also constitutes the subject matter for most literary work
Dogs guard our homes, herd our stock, hunt the fox, entertain and adore us, but not most dogs.
_____________ . According to Raymond and Lorna Coppinger’s book, Dogs, there are perhaps
400 million of man’s best friend in the world, yet the Coppingers estimate that only a quarter of
those dogs are our companions, allowed a place by the fire or on the couch.
A) The vast majority wander the streets and back alleys of villages and towns around the world
B) Some dog strains have tougher traits which make them suitable for herding flocks
C) The vast majority wander the streets and back alleys of villages and towns around the world
D) Instinctive behaviors of the domestic dog are comparable to those of its wild relatives, the
wolf, coyote, fox, and jackal
E) The decision to adopt a dog should be made carefully because it is a serious commitment that
can last for several years
Answer the following questions according to the paragraph below.
Energy is essential for all life. Life is based upon the conversion, utilisation, storage, and transfer of
energy. Through photosynthesis, plants convert solar energy into chemical energy used in growth and
propagation. Some plants are eaten by animals, which may themselves be eaten by carnivorous animals.
At each stage of this process, some of the chemical energy stored in plant or animal tissue is used for
growth and propagation, while most of it (more than 90% of it, in fact) is dissipated as heat. Human
beings, like no other species, have learnt how to convert energy from one form into other, more useful
forms, for warmth and transportation. Although some of this energy comes from renewable resources,
most today is obtained by burning fossil fuels. Unfortunately, burning fossil fuels releases by-products as
well as useful energy, many of which are harmful to the surface biosphere, through air pollution and
climate change
12) It is stated in the passage that for it to be used by living beings ________.
A) energy must come out in various forms

B) energy has to be put through several processes
C) humans need to become fully grown-up
D) energy has to be stored in human body
E) humans must be equipped with certain organs
13) After the process of photosynthesis by plants ________.
A) chemical energy takes the form of solar energy

B) growth is achieved by plants
C) solar energy loses much of its utility
D) no other thing is required by plants for growth
E) all the energy converted into chemical energy is used by the plant involved
14) According to the passage, not all energy ________.
A) can be converted into chemical energy

B) leads to growth and propagation to the plant
C) is used for growth and propagation by plants
D) can be said to be useful for plants
E) seems to hasten the process of growth
15) The passage says that humans are unique ________.
A) in that they can change the solar energy into chemical energy
B) as they have many talents which animals lack in
C) as a result of their ability to construct and destroy
D) and this aspect can be observed in their lives
E) because they can utilize solar energy for warmth and transportation
16) The basic source of energy today, according to the passage, ________.
A) is made up of renewable resources

B) produces virtually no pollutants
C) is non-renewable sources, that is, fossil fuels
D) gives little harm to the environment
E) is totally different from that which our ancestors used
NOTE:
He doesn’t know how to solve the problem.(= He doesn’t know how he will solve the problem.)
I don’t know what to say.
She cannot decide which of these skirts to choose.
We have to decide whether to keep our expansion or be content with our share in the market.
They must have forgotten to tell him when to leave work; he is still in the office working
enthusiastically.
Choose the most suitable conjunctive for the blank space;
The Dark Ages is an expression __(17)__ into use during the Enlightenment to refer to the period in
Europe __(18)__,after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, open-mindedness, literacy, learning, and
optimism gave way to Christian religious fundamentalism and the belief __(19)__ the Second Coming
was at hand. Intellectual pursuits were primarily theological in nature. During this period, so-called
'barbarians-those generally ignorant of Latin culture-took over the land formerly under Roman Imperial
control. It was a period of widespread population movement, among Germanic peoples and others. The
relative lack of written history during this period, combined with political and social instability, meant
__(20)__ relatively little was known about it. __(21)__ archaeological finds have changed this situation to
some extent, much is still unknown about this period. The decline of literate culture, the arts and
sciences, and organized education, compared to __(22)__ flourished during the Roman Empire, and the
fact that Christianity, perceived by many Enlightenment intellectuals as a primitive, irrational belief system
became the prevailing culture and institutional form during the period, led to the categorization "Dark
Ages."
17) 20)
A) which had come A) what
B) who came B) where
C) that came C) when
D) when it came D) which
E) where it came E) that
18) 21)
A) during which A) As though
B) where B) Though
C) whose C) Whereas
D) that D) Even so
E) which E) Providing
19) 22)
A) which A) what
B) when B) which
C) whose C) the fact that
D) that D) how
E) where E) whose
NOTE:
The prospect that natural gas will be an important energy source in the future is taken seriously.
Their belief that another person was also involved in the crime isn’t shared by us.
They proposed the suggestion that the factory should be closed down without delay.
Our hope that we would arrive at the peak before the dark didn’t come true.
He came up with the theory that the world revolved around the sun as well as around itself.
( Bu cümlelerde isimden sonra tam bir cümle gelmektedir. Bu cümleler relative clause olmayıp
noun clause’dur. Bu nedenle ‘that’ yerine ‘which’ bağlacı kullanılamaz.)
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
fall back withdraw, retreat

They had to fall back upon the order of the commander.
fall back on go to sb for support or help

She fell back on the director's help to solve the problem
fall behind fail to reach

Her performance falls behind the standards.
fall off decrease

Consumer prices tend to fall off in summer.
fall out with quarrel

She fell out with her boss and quitted her job.
fall through fail

Once again our project fell through.
figure out understand

I cannot figure out how she has persuaded the director.
fill out complete a form

Fill out this application form and mail it in.
fill up fill to capacity

She filled up the grocery cart with free food.
find out learn, discover

The adopted child will find out the truth that he is adopted, one day.
Choose the suitable preposition for the blank space;
Oral history is an account __(23)__ something passed by word of mouth __(24)__ one generation to
another. Oral history is considered __(25)__ some historians to be an unreliable source for the study
__(26)__ history. However, oral history is a valid means __(27)__ preserving and transmitting history.
Experience __(28)__ literate cultures indicates that each time anyone reconstructs a memory, there are
changes in the memory, but the core of the story is usually retained. __(29)__ time, however, the story
becomes unrecognizable __(30)__minor changes accumulate.
23) 27)
A) from A) for
B) with B) over
C) of C) into
D) on D) with
E) for E) above
24) 28)
A) from A) into
B) through B) without
C) with C) like
D) into D) over
E) about E) within
25) 29)
A) by A) From
B) as B) By
C) on C) Without
D) onto D) Over
E) without E) Since
26) 30) (conjunctive)

A) from A) as
B) of B) until
C) through C) by the time
D) without D) while
E) against E) once
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
get by survive
Uncle Heine didn't have much money, but he always seemed to get by without borrowing money from
relatives.
get up arise
Grandmother tried to get up, but the couch was too low, and she couldn't make it on her own.
go back return to a place

It's hard to imagine that we will ever go back to Lithuania.
go on continue
He would finish one Dickens novel and then just go on to the next.
go on happen
The cops heard all the noise and stopped to see what was going on.
grow up get older

Charles grew up to be a lot like his father.
get over recover from sickness or disappointment

I got over the flu, but I don't know if I'll ever get over my broken heart.
go over review
The students went over the material before the exam. They should have gone over it twice.
go through use up, consume/experience

They country went through most of its coal reserves in one year.
I've been going through depression recently.
get across communicate, make something understood

We cannot get across the importance of this work to the research team.
get on/along with be friendly with

How can you get along with such a human monster?
get by survive, hardly live

I cannot understand how they get by on such a small income.
get down to begin to do

The committee will get down to their job soon.

___________. However, by insisting that 40 women must accompany every 100 men, British
regulators greatly increased the opportunities for women to make new lives for themselves.
Increasing the proportion of women also promoted family life among overseas laborers. In this
way the number of women became equal to that of man, but gradually, not overnight.
A) The new land provided almost the same opportunities for women as for men
B) In the course of immigration to America, traditional ideas made it harder for women to
emigrate
C) Many of those who got onboard the ship to America were faced with nothing but failure
D) Together with men, an almost equal number of women left for America in search of fortune
E) For all the newcomers, America offered gifts as well as hazards
NOTE:
The number of women became equal to that (=the number) of man.
His handwriting is like that (= the writing) of a much younger child.
Her plans are different from those (=the plans) of his father.
_____________. The oceans and seas store this energy and help keep the temperature of
Earth at a level that allows a wide variety of life to exist. Plants use the Sun’s energy to make
food, and plants provide food for other organisms. The Sun’s energy also creates wind in Earth’s
atmosphere. This wind can be harnessed and used to produce power.
A) Modern industry entails huge amounts of energy to function

B) Every living being has a part to play in the balance of nature
C) Energy may exist in several forms suitable to be of use for living beings
D) The Sun provides Earth with vast amounts of energy every day
E) Climate changes with time, but this change takes a long time
NOTE:
I helped my brother to write his composition. (= I helped my brother write his composition.)
Why don’t you help paint the walls? (=Why don’t you help to paint the walls?)
Developed by scientists at Bell Laboratories in 1954, modern solar cells are generally made of
crystalline silicon, a semi metallic element. Photovoltaic cells were first developed in the 1960s
as a power source for orbiting spacecraft in the U.S. space program. They are now widely used
as a power source for satellites, remote communications systems, traffic signs, and consumer
electronic devices such as pocket calculators and watches. _________, and solar electricity is
beginning to emerge as a potential competitor to fossil fuels.
A) However, fossil fuels keep holding a large section of the energy market
B) Modern technology has made household items more durable and more affordable
C) Computers have facilitated exchange of information
D) Nuclear power remains to be controversial mainly because of the threats it poses
E) Advancing technology has driven the production costs down by 80 percent in the past 20
years
One question that society often asks is, _________ There are two main opposing viewpoints
on this; one school of thought argues that a lack of resources leads people to invent, whereas,
the other school of thought argues that only an excess of resources will result in inventions.
A) “What sort of inventions is indispensable in our lives?”

B) “Do schools really rob students of their ability to make inventions?”
C) “Are people born inventors or made into inventors?”
D) “What conditions are required to become inventors?”
E) “What conditions lead to the emergence of an invention?”
NOTE:
an article on butterflies
a book on aviation
a debate on the issue
his thesis on feudal system
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
get over recover, overcome
The aged person has surprisingly got over the infection and was discharged from the hospital.
get rid of eliminate

The citizens tried to get rid of their corrupt mayor in the recent election.
get through finish

We will get through this within two weeks.
get through to communicate with

We cannot get through to them easily.
give away reveal intentionally
She has given away our secrets.
give away give something to someone else for free

You might as well give away the clothes which you don’t wear any longer.
give back return an object

My brother borrowed my car. I have a feeling he's not about to give it back.
give in(to) surrender

The army did not give in and fought bravely.
give out distribute

Give out these food packets to the poor.
give up stop, quit

A failure should not lead you to give up.
go ahead continue
Go ahead with what you are doing.
go back on break promise

As an honest person you must not go back on your promise.
go down with become ill

When you come down with flu, get some rest and eat a lot of citrus fruit.
go in for participate in
When will you go in for the proficiency examination?
go on continue
This investigation will go on until we find evidence.
go off explode/rot
The bombs went off one after another in Istanbul.
This bacon smells a bit funny - do you think it's gone off?
go over review
Go over the previous lessons before the examinations
go through review carefully

I recommend you to go through the important points before the exams.
grow up become adult

She has grown up into an elegant lady.
___________________. Now, underwater instruments and machines can tell us all about it.
Some devices tell us about the water itself. Research ships lower bottles that fill with water at
different levels in the sea; thermometers fixed to the bottles measure the temperature at these
levels. Ships tow bathythermographs to record how underwater temperature and pressure
change across an ocean. Complicated devices called bathysondes measure underwater
saltiness, temperature pressure and the speed of underwater sounds. In order to learn how
underwater currents flow, researchers use special buoys and floats that send back signals to the
surface.
A) Oceans and seas used to put forth great challenges for ships and sailors
B) The scientists and explorers of earlier times could only guess what lay below the waves
C) Various measurements are used to find out the depth and content of oceans
D) Science is no longer what it used to be a few centuries ago
E) Ship building has improved in techniques since first rafts
Orson Wells had considered the __(36)__ of time travel before, in an earlier (but unpublished) story
__(37)__ The Chronic Argonauts. He had thought of using some of this material in a __(38)_ of articles in
the Pall Mall Gazette The History of Pendennis, until the publisher asked him if he could __(39)___ do a
serial novel on the same theme; Wells __(40)__ agreed without any hesitation, and was paid 100 pounds
__(41)___ its publication in 1896. The novel's __(42)__ is an amateur scientist simply called the Time
Traveller. Having demonstrated to friends that time is a fourth dimension, and that suitable apparatus can
move back and __(43)__ in this fourth dimension, he constructs a larger machine capable of carrying
himself, and sets __(44)__.
36) B) deserved
A) notion C) titled
B) invention D) preserved
C) innovation E) classified
D) perception 38)
E) comprehension A) volume
37) B) supremacy
A) viewed C) intimacy
D) series E) afterwards
E) variety
42)
39) A) target
A) despite B) plot
B) instead C) characteristic
C) due to D) protagonist
D) beside E) narrator
E) foremost
43)
40) A) towards
A) genuinely B) forth
B) rarely C) front
C) surely D) behind
D) hastily E) beneath
E) readily
44)
41) A) from
A) on B) on
B) until C) off
C) since D) forth
D) by the time E) back
Find mistakes or missing words or redundant words in each line;
e.g:is The concept of what art has continuously changed over centuries, and perhaps the most
45) concise definition is its most broad—"art" refers to all creative human endeavors,
46) excluded actions directly related to survival and reproduction. Yet, there is wide
47) disagreement what constitutes art, and here is none single definition that is widely agreed
48) upon. A common view is that art requires a creative and unique perception of both the
49) artist and audience. For example, a commonly contemporary critic of most
50) modern painting must be, "my five-year old could have painted that"-implying whether the
51) work is somehow less worthy the title "art," both because the viewer fails to find meaning
52) in the work, or because the work does not appear to have required any skill to produce.
This view is often described a "layman critique" which emphasis has traditionally pushed
in the direction of representationalism.
Choose one of the two prepositions in bold;

His journey forward in time takes him with/to the year 802701 where he finds an apparently peaceful,
pastoral future, filled with/of happy, simple folk who call themselves the Eloi. This appearance turns
out/into to be deceptive. The Traveller soon discovers that the class structure of his own time has in fact
persisted, and the human race has diverged from/into two branches. The wealthy, leisure classes appear
to have evolved into the ineffectual, not very bright Eloi he has already seen; but the once-downtrodden
working classes have evolved into the bestial Morlocks-- cannibal hominids resembling albino apes
(Homo sapiens), who toil underground maintaining the machinery that keep the Eloi--their flocks--docile
and plentiful. Both species, having adapted to/towards their routines, are of distinctly sub-human
intelligence. Soon after/when his arrival he rescues Weena, a female Eloi he found drowning in a river.
Much for/to his surprise she is grateful to him and insists on following him. After some adventures and the
eventual death of Weena at/in the hands of the Morlocks, the narrator returns to his machine and travels
into the far future. There he sees the last few living things on/in a dying Earth, before returning to his time
to tell his story to friends. Then he attempts to time travel again and disappears forever onto/into time.
The story reflects Wells' political views; he was a committed communist, and the narrator reasons that
the state he sees is the outcome on/of capitalist class structures. The novel may also have influenced the
movie Metropolis.
NOTE:
To his surprise, she won the race. (That she won the race surprised him.)
To my disappointment, you cannot remember my name. (That you cannot remember my name
makes me
disappointed.)
To our embarrassment, our son didn’t behave himself during the shopping. (That our son didn’t
behave
himself during the shopping made us embarrassed.)
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
hand down leave to younger generation

This ring is handed down from generation to generation.
hand in submit
Next Monday is the deadline for handing in term assignments.
hand out distribute

Hand out these papers.
hand over transfer power to sb
Mert is expected to hand over his position to Cemil.
hang on wait
Hang on a minute! I will get the keys.
hang up put something on hook or receiver

She hung up the phone before she hung up her clothes.
hold back control, restrain sth

The doctors recommend that he hold back from taking any alcohol.
hold up delay
We were held up by the traffic for two hours.
hold up rob
Three masked gunmen held up the Security Bank this afternoon.
iron out solve a problem

Both sides showed good will and ironed out their differences soon.
keep away remain at a distance

The judge warned the stalker to keep away from his victim's home.
keep on continue with the same
He tried to keep on singing long after his voice was ruined.
keep off be away

Keep off the flowers!
keep on continue
Keep on with the good work.
keep up with progress at the same rate

She tries hard to keep with the times.
EXERCISES WITH PHRASAL VERBS;
53) He was always ready to.........his friends financially and spent most of his money to that end, yet he
couldn't find anybody around him when he lost his job.
A) hand in B) back up C) get on
D) go in for E) come up
54) In the film "Thesis", a research......by a university student brings out a horrible truth about some
video cassettes.
A) broken down B) grown out of C) carried out
D) passed away E) let out
55) The serfs of Burgundy didn't.........the demands of the feudal lord because the amount of the tax he
wanted was 90% of that year's yield.
A) let down B) comply with C) point out
D) hold up E) put on
56) Sally didn't........the art competition at her school although all her friends urged her to.
A) come up against B) go in for C) catch up with
D) run out of E) look down on
57) If I had not.......flu at an awkward time, I would have been first in my class.
A) made up for B) got on with C) looked down on
D) come down with E) run out of
58) Instead of chatting here, why don't you go to your desk and........your work? The boss wants that
report ready before noon, you know.
A) make sense of B) get down to C) make room for
D) grow out of E) put up with
59) I thought I would never get.......the diseases I picked ....... on my trip to India, but now I feel fine
and want to go back again.
A) round/out B) off/for C) over/up
D) away/on E) out of/in
60) After finishing your exam and.......your papers, you can go home.
A) setting up B) handing in C) giving over
D) putting aside E) taking after
61) Could you....... me.......in Bolu on your way to Ankara?

A) cut/down B) drop/off C) give/up
D) put/aside E) take/off
62) The scandal........just on the eve of the elections, sweeping away the candidate's every hope of
winning.
A) came up B) got into C) broke out
D) ran for E) put up
63) None of us could work out the solution........the puzzle until Roger finally came up........the correct
answer.
A) to/with B) out of/from C) with/about
D) about/on E) of/across
64) The company supplies a service bus, which.........employees at various convenient points around
the town.
A) comes around B) puts aside C) takes over
D) cuts across E) drops off
65) None of the problems that we have ..........so far have proved insurmountable.
A) come up against B) gone down with C) made up for
D) run out of E) passed down to
66) We have recently.......some serious problems which are threatening to ruin all our plans.
A) looked forward to B) looked up to C) come up against
D) run out of E) made up for
67) George's new haircut looked so funny that we couldn't help but....... laughter when we saw him.
A) put down B) try out C) put on
D) take after E) burst into
68) There is a new book.......next month that will tell all the embarrassing secrets of the Royal Family.
A) bringing up B) dropping off C) coming out
D) breaking in E) laying down
69) I have decided to........the darts competition tomorrow. I don't expect to win, but I'll have some fun.
A) grow out of B) go in for C) run out of
D) go down with E) keep up with
70) I hadn't missed a day off work for three years until I.......a severe back ache a fortnight ago.
A) came up against B) went down with C) went in for
D) cut down on E) caught up with
71) The bout of flu I had last month was really a bad one. It took me two weeks to........it!
A) come across B) put through C) go with
D) think about E) get over
72) The major form of heart disease in Western countries is atherosclerosis. In this condition, fatty
deposits called plaque, composed of cholesterol and fats, ____ on the inner wall of the coronary
arteries.
A) come out B) break up C) build up
D) bring up E) clear away
(I) Romanticism was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in the late 18th century.
(II) It stressed strong emotion, imagination, freedom from classical correctness in art forms, and
rebellion against social conventions. (III) This movement was an attitude or intellectual
orientation that characterized many works of literature, painting, music, architecture. (IV)
Romantics are commonly known as literary figures with high sentimentality. (V) Romanticism
emphasized the individual, the subjective, the irrational, the imaginative, the personal, the
spontaneous, the emotional, the visionary, and the transcendental.
Find mistakes or missing words or redundant words in each line;
e.g: was "Renaissance" is a French word was coined by French historian Jules Michelet
74) that literally means rebirth. This name has been historically using in contrast to
75) the Dark Ages, a term coined by Petrarch to refer to which we now call the
76) Middle Ages. Following Petrarch's lead, the term had long been considered
77) appropriately, because since the Renaissance, literature and culture of the
78) ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome was adopted by scholars and artists in
79) Italy, and widely disseminated through printing. During the last quarter of the
80) 20th century, however, much more scholars began to take a view that the
Renaissance was perhaps only one of many so movements.
The term 'Romanticism' derives ultimately from ‘Roman’. The word “Roman” __(81)__ for the Holy
Roman Empire (843–1806). __(82)__, it derives from the 'Romances' __(83)__ during the Middle Ages,
not from the Roman Empire. In English, the term 'Romantick' was often used in the 18th century __(84)__
magical, dramatic, surprising. But it was not until the German poets and critics August Wilhelm and
Friedrich Schlegel used the term __(85)__ it became a label for a wider cultural movement. For the
Schlegel brothers, 'Romanticism' was a product of Christianity. The culture of the Middle Ages created a
Romantic sensibility __(86)__ from the Classical ideals embodied in the philosophy, poetry and drama of
ancient Athens. While ancient culture admired clarity, health and harmony, Christian culture created a
sense of struggle between the dream of __(87)__ perfection and the experience of human inadequacy
and guilt. This sense of struggle, vision and __(88)__ -present dark forces was allegedly present in
Medieval culture. The Schlegel brothers were also responsible for making Shakespeare __(89)__ an
internationally famous writer, translating his work into German, and promoting his plays as the epitome of
the Romantic sensibility. Many later Romantic dramatists __(90)__ to imitate Shakespeare and to reject
Classical models for drama.
81) 86)
A) couldn’t have mistaken A) which differed
B) may not be mistaken B) having differed
C) should not be mistaken C) to differ
D) might not be mistaking D) and differed
E) wouldn’t mistake E) differed
82) 87)
A) On the whole A) humanly
B) In particular B) ideally
C) In advance C) personally
D) At random D) heavenly
E) By coincidence E) fictitiously
83) 88)
A) written A) rarely
B) which was written B) almost
C) having written C) always
D) to be written D) mostly
E) were written E) ever
84) 89)
A) meaning A) into
B) that meant B) from
C) to have meant C) as
D) meant D) to
E) to mean E) of
85) 90)
A) which A) lasted
B) when B) sought
C) that C) refused
D) where D) objected
E) after E) denied
(I) Parachutes have long been used by military and space programs around the world. (II)
Parachute jumps require certain safety precautions to be taken. (III) The first parachute jumps
were from hot air balloons in the early 1800s. (IV) The very first parachute was linen, but silk was
soon adopted because of its strength and light weight. (V) On March 1, 1912, US Army Captain
Albert Berry made the first parachute jump from a moving airplane over Missouri.
Place the sentences below in the place which is appropriate in meaning;
(I) A play is anything written for performance by actors
(II) The Tragedy developed as a performance associated with religious and civic festivals, typically
enacting or developing upon well-known themes in history or mythology
A play is a classical literary form that has continued to evolve over the years, comprised chiefly of dialog
between characters, usually intended for dramatic / theatrical performance rather than reading. During
the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries opera developed as a combination of poetry, drama, and music.
Nearly all drama was in verse form until comparatively recently._____(92)____. Tragedies were generally
very serious in theme and treated important conflicts in human nature, but were not necessarily "tragic"
as the word is now used--meaning sad and without a happy ending. Comedy was a later development.
Greek festivals eventually came to include three tragedies balanced by a comedy or Satyr Play. Modern
theatre does not in general adhere to any of these restrictions of form or theme.___(93)_____. Many
contemporary writers have taken advantage of the dialogue-centred character of plays as a way of
presenting literary work that is intended simply to be read, not performed.
94) From a quick reading, we understand that the passage above mainly gives information about
_______.
A) how dramatic / theatrical play and its branches came into existence
B) what sort of contributions were made to dramatic / theatrical play by Greek philosophers
C) the fact that religion has been the dominant element in dramatic / theatrical plays
D) what subject matters modern plays are made up of
E) the places where plays have been put on stage
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
lay down stipulate condition

You are not in a situation to lay down conditions.
lay off dismiss temporarily

Most of the workers were laid off until next month.
leave out omit

You left out the part about the police chase down Asylum Avenue.
let down disappoint

His failure let us down.
live on live by means of

The old couple manages to live on their small income.
look after take care of

She looks after her grandparents too.
look down on scorn

Why do you look down on those poorer than you?
look for search for

You can find what you are looking for through this advanced search engine.
look forward to eager for sth that is going to happen

I look forward to hearing from you soon.
look in on visit (somebody)

We were going to look in on my brother-in-law, but he wasn't home.
look out for be careful, anticipate

Good instructors will look out for early signs of failure in their students
look into investigate, examine

The investigation team will look into the case.
look over examine, check

The lawyers looked over the papers carefully before questioning the witness. (They looked them over
carefully.)
look up search in a list
You've misspelled this word again. You'd better look it up.
look through examine quickly

Look through the information in the files again.
look up to respect
Unfortunately, the young do not look up to their elders in our age.
look after take care of

My mother promised to look after my dog while I was gone.
look into investigate

The police will look into the possibilities of embezzlement.
Oceanography is a branch of science that studies __(95)__ aspects of the ocean's physical features and
inhabitants. It is the study of anything about the oceans: the description of land __(96)__them, the plants
and animals that live in them, __(97)___the oceans affect humans, and __(98)__. Oceanography is not a
separate science __(99)__encompasses many sciences, __(100)__biology, chemistry, geology, physics
and geography.
95) D) where
A) most E) how
B) all 98)
C) each A) vice versa
D) any B) on the whole
E) the whole C) out of control
D) like
96) E) likewise
A) which surround
B) surrounded 99)
C) surrounds A) which
D) surrounding B) but
E) that surrounded C) yet
D) what
97) E) and
A) what
B) which 100)
C) that A) similarly
B) unlike D) such as
C) as E) such
SECTION 20) E 41) A 62) A 82) A

TWO 21) B 42) D 63) A 83) A
1) B 22) A 43) B 64) E 84) E
2) A 23) C 44) C 65) A 85) C
3) D 24) A 45) excluding 66) C 86) A
4) E 25) A 46) over 67) E 87) D
5) D 26) B 47) no 68) C 88) E
6) B 27) A 48) common 69) B 89) A
7) D 28) B 49) criticism 70) B 90) B
8) E 29) D 50) that 71) E 91) B
9) E 30) A 51) or 72) C 92) II
10) D 31) B 52) which 73) D 93) I
11) A 32) D 53) B 74) used 94) A
12) B 33) E 54) C 75) what 95) B
13) C 34) E 55) B 76) 96) D
14) C 35) B 56) B appropriate 97) E
15) E 36) A 57) D 77) after 98) D
16) C 37) C 58) B 78) were 99) B
17) C 38) D 59) C 79) many 100) D
18) A 39) B 60) B 80) such
19) D 40) E 61) B 81) C
SECTION THREE
EXCERCISES WITH PHRASAL VERBS;
1) I've..............the number of times we've had to have the car repaired since we bought it.
A) made contact with B) put pressure on C) lost count of
D) played a trick on E) had confidence in
2) I don't care.............her taste...............clothes, but I would never tell her.

A) from/to B) about/of C) for/in D) of/for E) at/about
3) You should have gone............your work more carefully before you handed it...............
A) over/off B) about/to C) at/out D) for/up E) through/in
4) Had you taken better care.............. your teeth when you were a child, you wouldn't be going to the
dentist so often now.
A) after B) from C) by D) of E) at
5) I had counted........you to do a good job, but you have let me........ .

A) over/for B) for/up C) on/down D) with/out E) to/in
6) Having obtained his Masters degree, Phil was unsure.......whether to look ......a job or stay at
university for a Ph.D.
A) of/at B) from/into C) in/about D) for/through E) about/for
7) If we wish to acquaint ourselves.........the roots of "New Age" philosophy, we should look.......the

biography of Helena Blavatsky, considered to be the "mother of the New Age".
A) to/along B) of/around C) with/into D) for/up E) in/for
8) We need to.......a few misunderstandings if our negotiations are to be successful.

A) put down B) go with C) look out D) run into E) clear up
9) Galatasaray has improved a lot in recent years and now regularly....... major European
competitions.
A) runs out of B) takes part in C) loses track of
D) goes down with E) puts up with
Anatolia (Asia Minor) has been a cradle to a wide __(10)__of civilisations and kingdoms in
antiquity. The Seljuk Turks were the first Turkic power to arrive in the 11th century as __(11)__,
who proceeded to gradually conquer the __(12)__ Byzantine Empire. Their Turkic successors,
the Ottoman Empire, completed this in the 15th century with the fall of Constantinople, __(13)__
which the empire expanded across the eastern Mediterranean. __(14)__ nationalism in the 19th
century and the First World War caused the embattled empire to crumble in the aftermath of the
war.
10) A) inhabitants
A) publicity B) conquerors
B) adversity C) heralds
C) vitality D) inventors
D) variety E) adherents
E) inferiority
12)
11) A) existed
B) having existed E) on
C) exist
D) existing 14)
E) to exist A) To rise
B) Rising
13) C) Having rising
A) after D) To be rising
B) with E) To have risen
C) for
D) before
Answer the questions according to the instructions;
(1)An increasing cause of health problems, both in developed and developing countries, are those related
to air pollution. (2) Poor air quality can lead primarily to breathing and other respiratory difficulties. (3)
Asthma is now much more common than it used to be, although air pollution is probably not the only
explanation for this. (4) Changes in climate as a result of greenhouse gas pollution may increase heat-
related stress and cardio-vascular problems. (5) Ozone depletion at higher altitudes in the atmosphere will
increase the incidence of skin cancers and eye disorders.
15) From the sentence number 1, we understand that ___________.
A) air pollution is increasing faster in the developed countries than in the developing countries
B) air is becoming increasingly contaminated because of industrial activities
C) air pollution isn’t only peculiar to the developed part of the world
D) mostly elderly people are affected by air pollution
E) all health problems not only in the developing but also in the developed countries are a result
of air pollution
16) In the sentence number 2, we are told that ___________.
A) poor people suffer more from air pollution

B) all breathing difficulties result from low quality air
C) the primary cause of breathing and other respiratory difficulties is polluted air
D) no easy solution is possible to sort out the problem of air pollution
E) the basic health problem arising out of air pollution are those of respiratory system
A) the only reason for asthma is inhaling polluted air

B) the number of asthma incidences were a little lower in the past than it is today
C) asthma is more common among younger people than among older ones
D) fewer incidences of asthma existed in the past than they do today
E) the increase in air pollution has been more rapid in the last century
A) heart attacks become more noticeable in winter seasons

B) climatic changes certainly increase cardiovascular diseases
C) heat is a reason for stress
D) changes in climate may lead to greenhouse gas pollution
E) it is advisable to stay indoors in hot seasons
A) the thinning in ozone layer is caused by the increase in the incidence of cancer
B) the ozone at higher altitudes in the atmosphere functions as a protective layer for humans
C) the majority of skin cancer cases stem from ozone depletion
D) eye is very sensitive to lack or excess of ozone at higher altitudes in the atmosphere
E) most eye disorders are a result of ozone depletion
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
make for move towards

He made for his home after being dismissed.
make out understand, distinguish

He was so far away, we really couldn't make out what he was saying.
make up become friendly

She has finally made up with her boy friend.
make up invent a story or lie
She knew she was in trouble, so she made up a story about going to the movies with her friends.
make up prepare or arrange something by putting different things together:

Could you make up a list of all the things that need to be done?
He asked the man behind the counter to make up a box with a mixed selection of chocolates.
make up constitute/form
Road accident victims make up almost a quarter of the hospital's patients.
The book is made up of a number of different articles.
make up for compensate

What will you do to make up for the failure you received on the last quiz?
pass away die

The president passed away last night.
pass out lose consciousness, faint

He had drunk too much; he passed out on the sidewalk outside the bar.
pass over disregard, ignore

I cannot pass over even the smallest negligence.
pick out select

Pick out the one you like best.
pick up learn easily/collect/contract a disease

She seems to have picked up malaria when she was in Africa.
I picked up the kids' clothes that were lying on the floor.
pick up lift something off something else/collect

The crane picked up the entire house. (Watch them pick it up.)
point out state, indicate

The speaker pointed out that Turkey is in a strategic location.
Our instructor pointed out the guidelines with which we must comply during hang-gliding.
press for ask for, make urgent demand

The labour unions are pressing for salary increases.
provide for give the things needed to live

The boy is the only person to provide for the family.
pull down destroy, demolish

The hurricane pulled down many houses in the area.
pull through recover

She was able to pull through within a short time.
push for demand

They are pushing for more freedom.
put away put something in the place or container where it is usually kept
Put your toys away now.
put down suppress
The soldiers put down the rebellion easily.
put forward(forth) state

The ideas put forward during the summit are published in a book.
put off postpone

The summit was put off due to the terrorist attacks.
put out extinguish

The fire was put out by the neighbours before the firemen came.
put up provide accommodation

I can put you up over the weekend.
put up with tolerate, bear

I cannot put up with this nuisance any longer.
Complete the sentences in a meaningful way;
20) A healthy society requires the construction of planning systems ________.

A) in addition to the nutrients in people’s diets
B) that concentrate on the prevention of disease
C) when an epidemic arose across the country
D) although in developed countries the population is made up of more old people
E) so that disease preventive systems functions properly
21) Coal was the primary fossil fuel until the middle of the 20th century,________.
A) as the industrialization process was more or less complete
B) after layers of wood became compressed under huge pressures
C) how much coal was needed for the flourishing industry
D) ever since humans started a settled way of life
E) when oil replaced it as the fuel of choice in industry, transportation, and other fields
22) The scientists and explorers of earlier times could only guess _______.
A) when the didn’t have any equipment to make accurate measurements
B) how did the universe come into existence
C) what lay below the waves
D) as far as they could see
E) although they knew that senses of perception were fallible
23) The manipulation of symbols is evident not only in religion, ________.
A) since the need for worship emerged
B) but it is more widespread in literary works
C) in which a monotheistic approach was dominant
D) but also in art, poetry, politics, rhetoric, and commerce
E) as well as in everyday life and in trade
24) The Iliad and the Odyssey by Homer deal with legendary events ______.
A) about whom nothing is known as an individual
B) as stories were then mostly passed down by word of mouth
C) although similar events are no longer observed
D) which describes the return of the Greek hero Odysseus from the Trojan War
E) that are believed to have occurred many centuries before their composition
25) Since their wedding ceremony we too attended, __________________.

A) none of us can deny having had a good time
B) not only relatives of the bride’s but also the groom’s were present
C) the couple is said to be the happiest couple
D) all the arrangements for the wedding have been made by their parents
E) we have received from them neither any calls nor any news
26) The excavation team began excavating a site and found ___________.
A) what was life like in the society in question
B) that the excavation is really worth their effort
C) what is believed to be the tomb of the pharaoh Tutankhamen
D) how dominant was their religious belief in their daily lives
E) why all the residents died all of a sudden
27) _____________without the Sun’s energy, which reaches Earth in the form of heat and light.
A) No plants have existed
B) The Earth is the only planet to support life
C) Light from the sun is used both by humans and by animals and plants
D) The Earth would not have any life on it
E) It is impossible for now to establish a settlement on the moon
Answer the questions according to the instructions;
(1)During recent years the increasing amount of lighting, including street, security and advertising lighting,
has meant that a dark sky has become a rarity, particularly in urban areas. (2)This is of concern to
astronomers and the general public because the sight of the stars is one of Nature's wonders. (3)The need
for lighting is not disputed, as lights are needed for our safety, security and for public events. (4)But often
this lighting is excessive and thus temporarily ruins our ability to see in the dark.
28) In the sentence number 1, we are told that ___________.
A) security measures have been made tighter owing to increasing crime rate
B) lighting is the most crucial element in the field of advertising
C) lighting in cities is hardly enough for us to see the sky dark
D) there were fewer street lights in cities in the past than there are now
E) to find the sky dark especially in cities has become more difficult due to increased lighting
A) not only astronomers but also average people are concerned about not being able to see the
stars because of too much artificial lighting
B) those who study the sky need powerful equipment so as to see stars
C) stars can be called wonders of Nature
D) astronomers have been trying to find out exactly how many stars exist in the universe
E) seeing stars in a dark sky gives every observer a sense of thrill
30) In the sentence number 3, the author says that ___________.
A) the present disputes about the amount of lighting are meaningless

B) the need for lighting is obvious on certain occasions
C) when we make use of more lighting, we are better protected against burglary
D) nobody can deny the necessity of sufficient lighting in rural areas
E) safety is only possible through an efficient system of lighting
31) In the sentence number 4, the author ironically says that ___________.
A) too much light gives harm to our eyes

B) stars would give enough light but for the street lights
C) we don’t need any light to see around in the dark
D) too much light is nothing but a waste of it
E) too much light eliminates the possibility to see the sky better
Complete the sentences in a meaningful way;
32) ____________, which protects all life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.
A) The atmosphere may be divided into several layers
B) The atmosphere contains a thin layer called ozone
C) The water-vapor content of the air varies considerably
D) The principal constituents of the atmosphere of Earth are nitrogen and oxygen
E) The greenhouse effect has warmed the Earth for over 4 billion years
33) Once petroleum has been extracted from the ground, ________.
A) it is found in large quantities below the surface of Earth
B) modern industrial civilization depends on petroleum and its products
C) many experts forecast that petroleum will no longer be a common commercial material by the
mid-
21st century
D) it is transported to a refinery to be separated into liquid and gas components
E) it is formed under Earth’s surface by the decomposition of marine organisms
34) As soon as the match is over, ___________.

A) the referee will blow his whistle and will congratulate both the teams on fair play
B) the goal-keeper wept for embarrassment of the defeat
C) the coach of the home team understood that more should be done
D) fireworks have illuminated the dark sky
E) all the streets adjacent to the stadium will be filled with happy fans
35) _____________ a short time before the award presentation ceremony started.
A) All the guests had taken their seats
B) Those who would take the award were shaking with excitement
C) We managed to get to the hall in which the ceremony would take place
D) All the streets were empty as if the town were deserted
E) Many people have been in the line to get into the hall
36) The Earth is unique in the solar system _______________.

A) which is home to living beings
B) before more formation is obtained about other celestial bodies
C) yet humans don’t take enough care of the environment
D) in that it is the only place that sustains life
E) if other life supporting systems were found
37) ___________the second time he tried his luck in the same event.
A) He has finally established himself as the fastest runner
B) He had followed a vigorous training program
C) There have been many attempts by him to break the world record
D) He set a new European record in the high jump
E) He has been training to improve his own record in the 400-meter running
38) After the new dam is completed, _________________.

A) the crop yield from the surrounding fields has tripled
B) the water stored in it will be used both for irrigation and for electricity generation
C) the threat of flooding was removed for the villages in the valley
D) the amount of rain as well as fertility of soil plays a role in crop yield
E) farmers must learn that too much fertilizer does damage to crops
39) ___________________until after all the area was searched for evidence.
A) Nobody was allowed into the scene of the crime
B) The police are not to reveal anything about the murder
C) The suspect claims not to have committed the crime
D) The person charged with the homicide may turn out to be innocent
E) The prosecutor delays writing his report
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
run away avoid

She accused him of running away from his responsibilities.
run across find by chance

I ran across my old roommate at the college reunion.
run into meet

Carlos ran into his English professor in the hallway.
run out consume/finish

I've run out of patience.
"Have you got any milk?" "Sorry, I've run out."
show off demonstrate haughtily

Whenever he sat down at the piano, we knew he was going to show off.
show up arrive
Day after day, Efrain showed up for class twenty minutes late.
sum (sth/sb) up describe or express briefly

The best way of summing up the situation in our office is to say that it is 'absolute chaos'.
I'd just like to sum up by saying that it's been a tremendous pleasure to work with you.
sit up be awake until late hours
Do not sit up late; your health may be impaired.
slow down go at a slower speed

Slow down! I cannot catch up with you.
sort out find a solution

We have sorted out the problem thanks to him.
stand by support, help
The family stood by their uncle when he was arrested. They never believed he had done it.
stand for be an abbreviation of

Red usually stands for 'danger’ or 'stop'.
stand up to oppose, withstand

She does not dare to stand up to her father.
see about deal with

The mechanic will see about the car.
see into examine

We can't see into your brain. You have to tell us what you are worried about if you want us to help.
send for call

We sent for a doctor when she fainted.
set off/out start a journey

The rescue team set off early in the morning to find the missing boat.
set up establish, found

The firm was set up years ago as a small shipping company.
settle down inhabit

Eventually I'd like to settle down and have a family, but not yet.
Come on children, stop chatting and settle down please!
settle up pay someone the money that you owe them

Would you like to settle up now, sir?
You buy the tickets and I'll settle up with you later.
40) Which of the following is the best suitable topic of this paragraph;
For millions of years, life evolved without much impact from human beings. However, as early as the first
settlements of Australia and North America, human beings probably caused mass extinctions, either
through hunting or through the use of fire. With the domestication of animals, which began perhaps
10,000 years ago, humanity came to play a more active role in biological evolution. By the 1800s and
1900s, the role that human beings played in species survival had expanded to the extent that many
species survived only because human beings allowed them.
A) Humans have accelerated the rate of change in biological evolution.

B) No change was observed on the Earth before humans came out.
C) There is a mutual dependence between animals and human beings for survival.
D) Humans’ impact on animals intensified between the 1800s and 1900s.
E) Destructive aspect of humans’ activities is more obvious than their constructive aspect
secular coups which rule membership fuel
The Republic of Turkey was created in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who reformed Turkey into a
modern, ____, and western-oriented republic. Fears of a shift from the secular and western oriented
makeup of the country have led to several military ___ over the years, the last of ___ was in 1980.
Democratic ___ has since returned. Turkey became a member of NATO in 1952, and is seeking ___ of
the European Union. Issues such as the Turkish involvement in Cyprus, a long standing
Kurdish insurgency in the east, and the increasing appeal of political Islam continue to ___ public
debate in Turkey and influence its international relations.
integrity term emergency constitution executive supervision judiciary
The 1982 ___ provides for a democratic, secular, parliamentary form of government with a strong
presidency and an independent ___. Internationally recognised human rights are protected but can be
limited in times of and cannot be used to violate the ___ of the state or to impose a non-secular or non-
democratic system of government. A number of State Security Courts also exist to deal with offenses
against the integrity of the state. The president and the Council of Ministers (the cabinet) led by the prime
minister share ___ powers. The president, who has broad powers of appointment and___, is chosen by
the legislature for a ___ of 7 years and cannot be re-elected.
election obtain distribution carries
The Grand National Assembly of Turkey or Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi ___ out legislative functions. ___
of its 550 members, who serve five-year terms, is by proportional representation. To participate in the
___ of seats, a party must ___ at least 10% of the votes cast at the national level as well as a percentage
of votes in the contested district according to a complex formula.
strait landscape plains form(v)

Turkey ___ a bridge between Europe and Asia, with the division between the two running from the Black
Sea to the north down along the Bosporus strait through the Sea of Marmara and the Dardanelles ___ to
the Aegean Sea and the larger Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Anatolian peninsula consists of a
high central plateau with narrow coastal ___, in between the Pontus range to the north and the Taurus
Mountains to the south. To the east is found a more mountainous ___, home to the sources of rivers
such as the Euphrates, Tigris and the Araks, as well as Lake Van and Mount Ararat, Turkey's highest
point at 5,166 m.
major annually burden entirely interrupted account for tensions commerce
Turkey's dynamic economy is a complex mix of modern industry and ___along with a traditional
agriculture sector that in 2001 still accounted for 40% of employment. It has a strong and rapidly growing
private sector, yet the state still plays a ___ role in basic industry, banking, transport, and communication.
The most important industry - and largest export - is textiles and clothing, which is almost ___ in private
hands. In recent years the economic situation has been marked by erratic economic growth and serious
imbalances. Real GNP growth has exceeded 6% in many years, but this strong expansion has been ___
by sharp declines in output in 1994, 1999, and 2001. Meanwhile, the public sector fiscal deficit has
regularly exceeded 10% of GDP - due in large part to the huge ___ of interest payments, which in 2001
___ more than 50% of central government spending - while inflation has remained in the high double digit
range. Perhaps because of these problems, foreign direct investment in Turkey remains low - less than
USD 1 billion ___. In late 2000 and early 2001 a growing trade deficit and serious weaknesses in the
banking sector plunged the economy into crisis - forcing Ankara to float the lira and pushing the country
into recession. Results in 2002 were much better, because of strong financial support from the IMF and
tighter fiscal policy. Continued slow global growth and serious political ___ in the Middle East cast a
shadow over growth prospects in the future.
NOTE:
Into the room entered a man and a woman.

From various sources comes the income of the dwellers of the village.
Through the hole around the frame of the window blew a drought.
To the east is found a lake.
PHRASAL VERBS
Verb Meaning
take down make a written note

These are your instructions. Write them down before you forget
take in understand/deceive, cheat

I cannot take in what you are saying; be clear.
take off remove clothing

It was so hot that I had to take off my shirt.
take up occupy an amount of space or time

This takes up so much room. I think I'll have to find a larger purse or I'll have to change this mobile
phone.
Too much of this report is taken up with out-of-date figures.
talk over discuss

We have serious problems here. Let's talk them over like adults.
talk back to answer impolitely

The star player talked back to the coach and was thrown off the team.
think back on recall

I often think back on my childhood with great pleasure.
throw away discard

That's a lot of money! Don't just throw it away.
try on put clothing on to see if it fits

She tried on fifteen dresses before she found one she liked.
try out test

I tried out four cars before I could find one that pleased me.
tune in (TV/radio) watch or listen to a particular television or radio programme or station

Be sure to tune in to next week's show.
Millions of viewers tune in every weekday for 'News at Night'.
turn your back on sth stop being involved in something

Spain cannot afford to turn its back on tourism.
Surely you won't turn your back on them?
turn out result, end up

The project turned out to be a sheer failure.
How did the recipe turn out?
turn down lower volume

Your radio is driving me crazy! Please turn it down.
turn down reject
He applied for a promotion twice this year, but he was turned down both times.
turn up raise the volume

Grandpa couldn't hear, so he turned up his hearing aid.
turn up to arrive or appear somewhere, usually unexpectedly

Do you think many people will turn up?
She turned up at my house late one night.
turn off switch off

We turned off the lights before anyone could see us.
turn off repulse

It was a disgusting movie. It really turned me off.
turn on switch on the electricity
Turn on the CD player so we can dance.
take after resemble

My second son seems to take after his mother.
wait on serve
It seemed strange to see my old boss wait on tables.
walk out on leave

Finally, she has walked out on her husband.
wear away become thin

The rocks wore away and become unique fairy chimneys.
In some diseases, the protective layer in a joint wears away.
wear off decrease gradually

The effect of the medication wore off slowly.
Most patients find that the numbness from the injection wears off after about an hour.
wear out become useless

He does not buy new shoes until his others are worn out.
Moving parts in engines wear out much more quickly than stationary parts.
wear sb out make someone extremely tired

Walking around a museum all day really wears you out.
wipe out destroy

The epidemic wiped out the whole city.
One bad harvest could wipe out all of a grower's profits for the previous two.
work out solve

She really tried hard to work out this problem.
Why does he behave like that? - I can't work him out at all.
wake up arouse from sleep

I woke up when the rooster crowed
41) Find the sentence which summarizes the paragraph below best;
Everyone is part of today's environmental problems. We all consume energy and material goods to make
our standard of living better, but such consumption produces pollution which gives rise to poorer air
quality, acid rain, ozone depletion and very probably global warming. However, we can all equally be part
of the solution. Sustainable development requires people to share their responsibility for this Earth, and
empowers people to take action to overcome some of the difficulties society as a whole faces in trying to
secure a cleaner future whilst maintaining a stable economy. Sustainable development encourages a
sense of responsible citizenship - a world citizenship - through which we can all learn to do our bit.
A) Environmental resources aren’t infinite enough to sustain humans indefinitely.

B) Pollution is increasing day by day because of lack of concern for environment.
C) Humans must undertake the responsibility of dealing with the problems arising out of using the
environment.
D) The requirements of citizenship vary according to the country in which you want to permanently
live.
E) Economical development is proportionate to the resources granted by nature.
NOTE:
My friends were all ready to join me (All of my friends were ready to join me.)
I will give it all to you (I will give all of it to you.)
The workers all wanted a rise in the pay (All of the workers wanted a rise in the pay.)
(Aynı uygulama ‘both’ ve ‘each’ için de geçerlidir.)
Light pollution occurs when too much artificial illumination enters the night sky and reflects off from
airborne water droplets and dust particles, causing a condition known __(42)__ sky glow. Much of this
light originates __(43)__ improperly aimed and unshielded light fixtures. In addition to robbing us
__(44)__ the wonders of the night's sky, light pollution affects everyone's quality of life in other ways too,
and many of us do not even realise it. Significantly, light pollution robs us of our right __(45)__ privacy
and fair legal use of our land when glaring unshielded lights shine artificial illumination onto our property
at night. It is an unwelcome violation __(46)__ our space. Light pollution can also disturb our sleep.
42) 45)
A) as A) of
B) for B) with
C) with C) into
D) to D) to
E) of E) on
43)
A) in
B) from
C) than
D) with
E) of 46)
A) with
44) B) after
A) from C) from
B) through D) to
C) of E) of
D) into
E) out of
Lakes are one of the planet's most important freshwater resources providing water for domestic,
agricultural and industrial uses for much of the world's population. We are all familiar with the image of
Earth as the "blue planet" when seen from space._________. However, pictures can be deceiving.
Freshwater only accounts for 2% of all the Earth's water. But even that percentage is deceiving because
99% of all surface freshwater is locked away in continental ice. Freshwater resources are vital for
meeting basic human needs and inadequate protection of the quality and the supply of freshwater can
set important limits to sustainable development.
A) Space research has contributed to our understanding of the universe

B) The environment is made up of a green blanket
C) Also land masses can be distinguished from that distance
D) Most of the existing water resources are used for irrigation
E) It gives the impression that water is plentiful and indeed it is
NOTE:
meet demand
meet need
meet requirement
meet condition
meet the expense
Tourism is the world’s __(48)__ industry, affecting the lives of millions of people. While it can bring
benefits, these are seldom spread __(49)__. Sustainable recreation is an environmentally and socially
responsible form of tourism which focuses on the intrinsic attractions of the natural and cultural
environment and minimizes the impacts __(50)__ ecosystems and the human community, while
providing economic benefits to local residents on sustained __(51)__ seasonal or short-term basis.
Recreation such as arts and sport makes a significant contribution to quality of life and should be
__(52)__ to everyone. Recreation can also contribute __(53)__ to regeneration and bring communities
together.
48) 51)
A) largely A) other than
B) the largest B) rather than
C) larger C) apart from
D) large D) but for
E) largest E) much like
49) 52)
A) reliably A) accessible
B) habitually B) appropriate
C) steadily C) adjacent
D) evenly D) meticulous
E) improperly E) faithful
50) 53)
A) for A) significantly
B) with B) abruptly
C) on C) temporarily
D) of D) momentarily
E) onto E) readily
Find the most suitable adverb for the blank space;
Fashion, by definition, changes __(54)__. The change may proceed more __(55)__ than in most other
fields of human activity. For some, modern fast-paced change in fashion embodies many of the negative
aspects of capitalism: it results in waste and encourages people qua consumers to buy things __(56)__.
Others, __(57)__ young people, enjoy the diversity that changing fashion can __(58)__ provide, seeing
the constant change as a way to satisfy their desire to experience "new" and "interesting" things. Note too
though that fashion can change to enforce uniformity, as in the case where so-called Mao suits became
the national uniform of Mainland China. __(59)__ affluent societies can offer a variety of different
fashions, in clothes or accessories, to choose from. __(60)__ every aspect of appearance that can be
changed has been changed at some time. The global village has reduced the options of exotic novelty in
more recent times. Fashion houses and their associated fashion designers, as well as high-status
consumers (including celebrities) appear to have some role in determining the rates and directions of
fashion change.
54) C) perfectly
A) constantly D) especially
B) decently E) abundantly
C) efficiently
D) intensely 58)
E) accurately A) purely
B) impartially
55) C) apparently
A) steadily D) simultaneously
B) rapidly E) cunningly
C) gently
D) utterly 59)
E) instinctively A) Materially
B) Extensively
56) C) Definitely
A) tenderly D) Roughly
B) formerly E) Harshly
C) considerably
D) rigidly 60)
E) unnecessarily A) Particularly
B) Practically
57) C) Absolutely
A) appropriately D) Initially
B) partly E) Strangely
NOTE:
by definition by law
by profession by rule
by trade by standard
by nature
by character
Fill in the blanks with the most meaningful word in the box;
impacts huge title extinct minor giant erupting
____ volcanoes can cause rivers of boiling lava, giant explosions, and mudslides. But according to two
new studies in Science magazine, volcanoes are not history's greatest killers—that ___goes to asteroids.
Asteroids are rocky objects in space. They are sometimes called ___ planets, because they are much
smaller than planets. Scientists believe that there are millions of boulder-size asteroids in the solar
system. Sometimes these smaller asteroids hit the Earth. These small ___ do little damage. It's the
bigger asteroids that cause problems. Asteroids more than a mile long can create enormous waves
called tsunamis and send ___ amounts of dust into the atmosphere, greatly affecting the climate. Many
animals and plants die immediately from the impact and waves. Others die later because they cannot live
in the new climate. Scientists say that two ___ asteroids have hit the Earth—one 250 million years ago
and one 65 million years ago. The asteroid that hit the Earth 250 million years ago may have killed more
than 90 percent of Earth's ocean species and 70 percent of its land species. The asteroid that hit 65
million years ago may have caused dinosaurs to go ___.
Find the word or phrase closest in meaning to the words in bold;
The Icehotel in Jukkasjärvi, Sweden, is the world's largest hotel made entirely (61) of ice. The hotel's size
changes every year, because each spring the hotel melts. Each fall (62) workers have to build it again.
Construction on the hotel begins every October, when workers use cannons to blast 30,000 tons of snow
onto a special frame. Then, they cover the snow with thousands of tons of ice from the nearby Torne
River. After it's finished (63), the hotel has about 60 rooms, an ice church, an ice art exhibition, and an ice
theater—but no skating rink. The hotel's tables, chairs, and even beds are made of ice! But what is it like
actually staying in the hotel? Inside the hotel the temperature is about 23 degrees Fahrenheit (-5 degrees
Celsius). The cold doesn't seem to stop (64) people from flocking to the hotel, though. In 2002 it had
more than 14,000 overnight (65) guests! The hotel workers suggest that guests wear at least three layers
of clothing. And at night, guests sleep "in very warm sleeping bags," Icehotel spokesperson Helen
Sjöholm said. The floors do get slippery. To keep guests from sliding around, "our staff puts fresh white
snow on [the floor] and rubs it everyday," explained Sjöholm. The Icehotel may be cold, but the village of
Oymyakon in eastern Siberia, Russia, is colder. Named the world's coldest inhabited village by Guinness
World Records, Oymyakon's temperature can fall as low as -94 degrees Fahrenheit (-70 degrees
Celsius). But even that temperature falls short of (66) the Boomerang Nebula, the coldest place in the
universe found so far (67).
61) B) completely
A) exactly C) precisely
D) slightly E) permit
E) scarcely
65)
62) A) for one night
A) collapse B) daily
B) reduction C) for a fortnight
C) decrease D) for a whole day
D) autumn E) nightmare
E) drop
66)
63) A) cannot be compared with
A) it is consumed B) runs out of
B) it is over C) coincides with
C) it is brought to a standstill D) remains behind
D) it is finite E) is far beyond
E) it is on
67)
64) A) to date
A) encourage B) by far
B) give up C) at the most
C) keep D) on average
D) stimulate E) since then
Narcissism is the pattern of traits(68) and behaviors which involve obsession with(69) one's self to the
exclusion of others and the egotistic and ruthless(70) pursuit of one's gratification, dominance and
ambition. Psychologists and psychiatrists believe all individuals have, out of need for survival, a certain
amount of egoism, which ideally takes the form of healthy self-esteem and self-confidence. However,
individuals who have excessive(71), unhealthy amounts of these traits are considered narcissistic. In
addition to(72) exaggerated self-esteem, narcissists are also characterized by a lack of empathy, that is,
a lack of sensitivity to the feelings of others. The term narcissism was coined(73) by Sigmund Freud who
named the phenomenon after the figure of Narcissus. Narcissus was a handsome Greek youth who
rejected(74) the desperate advances of the nymph Echo. As a punishment, he was doomed(75) to fall in
love with his own reflection in a pool of water. Unable to consummate his love, Narcissus pined away and
changed into the flower that bears his name.
68) E) processes
A) similarities
B) characteristics 69)
C) likelihoods A) indifference to
D) biases B) divergence from
C) illustration of E) Nevertheless
D) indulgence in
E) alteration to 73)
A) utilized
70) B) discovered
A) cruel C) invented
B) creaky D) constructed
C) feeble E) formed
D) meager
E) fallible 74)
A) adopted
71) B) refused
A) excusable C) declined
B) exact D) upset
C) exasperating E) raised
D) excellent
E) too much 75)
A) destined
72) B) due
A) Additionally C) assured
B) Moreover D) backed
C) That is why E) barred
D) Besides
NOTE: Bear the burden

Out of need Bear resemblance
Out of curiosity Bear the tray
Out of necessity Bear name
Out of interest
Air-borne
Water-borne
Find the suitable preposition for the blank spaces;
18th and early 19th century scholars, and many people today, often identify culture __(76)__ "civilization"
as opposed to "nature". By the late nineteenth century, anthropologists argued __(77)__ a broader
definition of culture that they could apply __(78)__ a wide variety of societies. They began to argue that
culture is human nature, and that culture has its roots in the universal human capacity to classify
experiences, and encode and communicate them symbolically. Consequently, people living apart from
one another develop unique cultures, but elements of different cultures can easily spread __(79)__ one
group of people to another. Anthropologists have thus had to develop methodologically and theoretically
useful definitions of the word. Technically, anthropologists distinguish __(80)__ material culture and
symbolic culture, not only because each reflects different kinds of human activity but because they
constitute different kinds of data that require different methodologies.
76) D) for
A) for E) of
B) in
C) with 79)
D) by A) within
E) through B) outside
C) for
77) D) from
A) with E) in
B) for
C) throughout 80)
D) into A) from
E) onto B) among
C) into
78) D) on
A) to E) between
B) with
C) without
Find the suitable vocabulary for the blank space;
81) A fashion ______ of a constantly B) definition

changing trend, favored for appearance- C) notion
based rather than logical or intellectual D) concept
reasons. E) conduct
A) constitutes
B) expresses 83) Fashion in clothes has allowed ______
C) exploits to express emotion or solidarity with
D) combines other people for millennia.
E) consists A) consumers
B) buyers
82) Although frequently applied to clothes C) wearers
and to other aspects of appearance, the D) clients
______ of "fashion" can apply to music, E) customers
art, politics and even mathematics and
the choice of programming techniques. 84) What a person chooses to wear can
A) idea ______ their personality or likes.
A) reflect A) immigrated
B) imitate B) diverged
C) satisfy C) graduated
D) embellish D) separated
E) restrict E) emerged
85) When people who have cultural status

start to wear new or different clothes a 89) Thoreau was a profound philosopher on
fashion trend may start; people who like the human condition. His essay Civil
or ______ them may start to wear Disobedience was ______ for Tolstoy
clothes of a similar style. and Mohandas Gandhi.
A) detest A) liable
B) respect B) vulnerable
C) scorn C) ambiguous
D) intimidate D) inspirational
E) resolve E) hard-headed
86) Fashions may ______ significantly within 90) Having returned to Concord in 1843,
a society according to age, social class, Thoreau ______ on the two-year
generation, occupation and geography experiment in simple living on July 4,
as well as over time. 1845 when he moved to the forest
A) vary around the shores of beautiful Walden
B) originate Pond, not far from his friends and family
C) distinguish in Concord.
D) alter A) initiated
E) hasten B) embarked
C) set
87) Henry David Thoreau was a ______ D) confined
American author and philosopher who is E) cooperated
most famous for Walden and his treatise
on civil disobedience. 91) At various times, Thoreau ______ a
A) fertile living as a teacher or a labourer, and by
B) barren working at his family's pencil factory.
C) confined A) earned
D) considerable B) did
E) noted C) received
D) produced
88) He was born in Concord, Massachusetts E) built
and ______ from Harvard in 1837, yet
he never got a diploma from Harvard as 92) Thoreau also invented a machine which
he refused to pay the few dollars to get simplified production while cutting
the "sheet of paper". manufacturing ______.
A) expenses D) Pronounced
B) procedures E) Articulated
C) themes
D) processes 94) Many of his conservation theories have
E) costs been ______ into practice, and are in
use even to this day.
93) ______ by some as the first A) set
environmentalist, Thoreau is considered B) put
one of the great ecologists of history. C) made
A) Jailed D) converted
B) Purified E) demonstrated
C) Hailed
EXECISES WITH PHRASAL VERBS;
95) I marvelled.....her beautiful voice last night at the party when she sang a piece by Lennon. Why
doesn't she take...... singing as a profession?
A) at/up B) to/for C) with/of D) from/in E) by/on
96) I'm glad I ran.......you since I need your advice.......an important matter.
A) into/on B) over/for C) for/from D) out of/about E) by/with
97) Our neighbours have been renovating their flat, so we have had to.......lots of noise and dust.
A) keep up with B) run out of C) cut down on
D) come up against E) put up with
98) The boss was really angry when he discovered that Franklin.......the day....... to watch the football
match on TV.
A) came/round B) passed/out C) took/off
D) worked/out E) put/away
99) After an initial rejection, he promised to........ our suggestion, so he may be coming on the trip with
us.
A) take off B) turn down C) come up with
D) think over E) bring out
100) We'll have to replace this sofa with a smaller one, because it will.........a lot of space in the living
room, leaving very little for the rest of the furniture.
A) do over B) run off C) turn down
D) set out E) take up
SECTION 16) C 33) D 50) C 67) A 84) A
THREE 17) D 34) E 51) B 68) B 85) B
1) C 18) C 35) C 52) A 69) D 86) A
2) B 19) B 36) D 53) A 70) A 87) E
3) E 20) B 37) D 54) A 71) E 88) C
4) D 21) E 38) B 55) B 72) D 89) D
5) C 22) C 39) A 56) E 73) C 90) B
6) E 23) D 40) A 57) D 74) B 91) A
7) C 24) E 41) C 58) C 75) A 92) A
8) E 25) E 42) A 59) A 76) C 93) C
9) B 26) C 43) B 60) B 77) B 94) B
10) D 27) D 44) C 61) B 78) A 95) A
11) B 28) E 45) D 62) D 79) D 96) A
12) D 29) A 46) E 63) B 80) E 97) E
13) A 30) B 47) E 64) C 81) E 98) C
14) B 31) E 48) E 65) A 82) C 99) D
15) C 32) B 49) D 66) D 83) C 100) E
SECTION FOUR
Find the suitable vocabulary for the blank space;
1) To some observers, New York has seemed more of an international city than an "American" city,
due to the large ___ of immigrants.
A) tendency
B) influx
C) occupation
D) mixture
E) obscurity
2) In many major cities in the world, immigrants tend to ____ into enclaves where they can talk and
shop and work with people from their country of origin.
A) classify
B) penetrate
C) enlarge
D) oppress
E) cluster
3) With a population of between 11 and 15 million people, Istanbul is the largest city of Turkey and by
some counts one of the largest cities in Europe, ____ only 3% of the city's landmass being on the
European side of the Bosphorus.
A) despite
B) although
C) however
D) since
E) instead of
4) ____ by the Roman emperor Constantine on the site of the ancient Greek colony of Byzantium,
and ___ Constantinople after him, the city of Constantinople became the eastern capital of the
Roman Empire and later the capital of the Byzantine Empire.
A) Having founded/called
B) Founded/having called
C) Founding/calling
D) To be founded/called
E) Founded/ called
5) After the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 it became part of and soon capital of the Ottoman Empire.
Only on March 28, 1930, ________.
A) was the city officially renamed Istanbul

B) the city received the name Istanbul
C) had the city gained its present name
D) the city have become the commercial center
E) city dwellers became too crowded to be fed
6) The old city of Istanbul is mainly located on the Bosporus strait, ____separates Europe from Asia
and the Black Sea from the Marmara Sea.
A) where
B) that
C) which
D) thus
E) in which
7) Although Istanbul is ____ the capital of Turkey, it is still the major city in Turkey's industry,
commerce and culture and the most important import and export center.
A) any more
B) by far
C) once upon a time
D) no longer
E) not any longer
NOTE:
Only on special occasions, such as meetings, are the employees supposed to wear formal clothes.
Only in our shop can you find such quality items at such reasonable prices.
Only once during my university education was I allowed to conduct an experiment.
Only after two days of complete rest can you get out of bed.
Name ___ after

Call ___ after
8) Put the sentences in order so as to form a paragraph;
(I) It is the oldest city underground network in the world. Since 2003 the Tube has been part of Transport
for London, which also schedules and lets contracts for the famous red double-decker buses. (II) Today
there are 275 stations and over 408 km of active lines, with 3 million passenger journeys made each day.
(III) It is usually called either the Underground or the Tube by Londoners. (IV)The London Underground is
a public transport network, composed of electrified railways (that is, a metro system) that run
underground in tunnels in central London and above ground in the London suburbs.
A) I/II/III/IV
B) IV/III/II/I
C) III/IV/II/I
D) IV/III/I/II
E) II/III/I/IV
NOTE:
“for” –den dolayı anlamını verebilir.
I don't eat meat for various reasons.
I couldn't see for the tears in my eyes.
The things you do for love!
He's widely disliked in the company for his arrogance.
She couldn't talk for coughing.
Scotland is famous for its spectacular countryside.
He's best remembered for his novels.
I didn't dare say anything for fear of offending him.
Answer the question according to the passage below;
The first zoos were private menageries, usually belonging to kings. After the French Revolution, the
Paris zoo was opened to the public. Over time, the mission of zoos has shifted from simply displaying
exotic animals, to scientific study (London Zoo was the world's first scientific zoo in 1828), and, latterly, to
breeding them, and in particular maintaining populations of animals that are endangered or even extinct in
the wild.
9) We can infer about the function of the zoos that _______________.
A) kings were fond of and patron of animals
B) the animals extinct in the wild can be seen in all zoos
C) zoos have undergone radical change both in ownership and in purpose
D) the French Revolution aroused a new interest in animals
E) zoos have helped certain animals become popular
Answer the question according to the passage below;
Most modern zoos keep animals in naturalistic enclosures. These are large enough for the animals to
exercise in, and to have some privacy. Zoo visitors occasionally find this frustrating, but overall the
experience is improved both for the animals and for the people who come to see them. Recent clever
designs encourage the animals to prefer locations where they can be observed without being aware of it,
for instance by having a darkened viewing window at the back of a shelter where the animals go to
escape mid-day heat.
10) The paragraph above gives information mainly about___________.

A) how nutritional needs of zoo animals are met
B) what the visitors of zoos must and mustn’t do in zoos
C) the living conditions of animals in their natural habitats
D) the artificial settings in zoos in which animals are kept
E) what measures are required to provide a proper setting for animals in zoos
Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) was born in the city of Stagira in Macedonia. His father, Nichomacus, was the
King Amyntas of Macedonia's personal physician. In 367, at the age of 17, Aristotle went to Athens to
attend the Academy founded by Plato, where he stayed until the founder's death in 347. Then Aristotle
left Athens, traveling around until 343 when he became tutor for Amyntas' grandson, Alexander. In 336
Philip of Macedonia was assassinated. Aristotle returned to Athens in 335. Upon his return to Athens,
Aristotle lectured for twelve years in a place that came to be known as the Lyceum. Aristotle's style of
lecturing involved walking around in a covered walkway, for which reason Aristotle was called
"Peripatetic" (i.e., walking about). In 323, when Alexander the Great died, the Assembly in Athens
declared war against Alexander's successor, Antipon. Aristotle was considered an anti-Athenian, pro-
Macedonian, and charged with impiety. Aristotle went into voluntary exile in Chalcis where he died of a
digestive ailment in 322 B.C., at the age of 63. Aristotle's philosophy, logic, science, metaphysics, ethics,
politics and system of deductive reasoning have been of inestimable importance ever since.
11) It is stated in the passage that ____________.
A) Aristotle suffered torture at the hands of Athenians

B) there was a great resistance to the views held by Aristotle
C) Aristotle’s father was the personal doctor of the king of Macedonia
D) Aristotle is the founder of the Academy in Athens
E) Aristotle served as a teacher in the Academy for exactly two decades
12) We are told in the passage that ___________.
A) Aristotle spent most of his life in exile

B) Aristotle had no religious beliefs
C) Aristotle died while in jail
D) Aristotle has had hardly any lasting effects on philosophers
E) Aristotle stayed in Athens for longer than twenty years in total
NOTE:
“When” bağlacı, time clause yapılarında (-dığında/-ınca anlamında) zaman paralelliği gerektirir,
ancak relative clause ya da noun clause uygulamalarında zaman paralelliği zorunluluğu yoktur)
Noun Clause; “when” ne zaman anlamı taşımaktadır.

Exactly when the bomb went off is still being investigated.
We have no idea about when these red spots started to emerge on her skin.
There is no information in this book on when the law was first introduced.
Can any one of you tell me when this torture will finish?
It is not known when Hippocrates died.
Relative Clause;
How happens that you have forgotten the days when we used to chase the cats in our street?
He must remember the year when he lost all his family members one after another.
Answer the question according to the passage;
Relationships between humans and dogs are often characterized by strong emotional bonds, which run
both ways. Consequently, dogs are popular as pets and companions, independent of any utilitarian
considerations. Dogs are quite dependent on human companionship and may suffer poor health without
it. Some research has shown that dogs are able to convey a depth of emotion not seen to the same
extent in any other animal - this is purportedly due to their closely-knit development with modern man.
13) It is clearly stated in the passage that ____________.

A) dogs are strongly attached to humans and vice versa often-times
B) humans keep dogs as pets so as to make use of them
C) it is typical of simply dogs to protect their owners
D) dogs are more preferred as pets than other animals
E) dogs help their owners build a strong character
Find the word or phrase most suitable for the blank space;
Amelia Earhart wasn't afraid __(14)__ down barriers. In 1928, she was the first woman __(15)__ as a
passenger across the Atlantic Ocean. Then, in 1932, she became the first woman to pilot a plane across
that ocean. There weren't many female pilots back then, and her actions inspired __(16)__ women to
follow their dreams. This was especially important because there were __(17)__ career choices available
to women at that time. Amelia Earhart has inspired generations of women to do things that __(18)__ by
women before.
14) D) another
A) of having broken E) any other
B) to be breaking
C) of being broken 17)
D) to break A) a few
E) to have broken B) few
C) too little
15) D) very many
A) to be flying E) almost none
B) who has flown
C) to be flown 18)
D) having flown A) had never done
E) to fly B) have never been done
C) had never been done
16) D) were never done
A) other E) had never been doing
B) the other
C) others
Find the suitable preposition for the blank;
Some animal species survive __(19)__ great numbers thanks to us. For example, today there are
__(20)__ 10 billion chickens on Earth—almost thirteen to fifteen times as many as there were a century
ago. This is because people like to eat chickens, so they are raised __(21)__ this purpose. Similarly, we
protect cattle, sheep, goats, and a few other domesticated animals in order to make use __(22)__ them.
Inadvertently, modern civilizations have ensured the survival of certain other animals. Rat populations
propagate because of all of the food available __(23)__ them, since humans store so much food and
generate so much garbage. Squirrels prosper in large part because we have created suburban
landscapes __(24)__ few predators.
19)
A) in 22)
B) with A) from
C) as B) with
D) like C) along
E) of D) of
E) out of
20)
A) from 23)
B) about A) for
C) on B) with
D) for C) to
E) all over D) in
E) of
21)
A) to 24)
B) from A) by
C) out of B) with
D) through C) from
E) for D) without
E) beneath
settlement dramatically fortified concentrated

interrupted virtually bank
The city of Londinium was founded by the Romans on the north ____ of the River Thames in around
50 AD. There is no evidence of a Celtic town prior to the Roman____. It is believed to have become the
capital of the Roman province of Britannia in the early second century. After the fall of the Roman
Empire, the Roman city was ____ abandoned and a Saxon town named Lundenwic was established a
mile or two west in the Aldwych area in the 7th century AD. The ____ Roman City of London was
reoccupied around the late 9th-early 10th century, whereafter it resumed its role as England's biggest city
(although not its capital - Winchester served as capital until the 12th century). By the 18th
century London was the biggest city in the world. Over the years, London has increased ____ in size,
absorbing meadows, woodlands, villages and towns and spreading outwards in every direction. Outward
growth has been physically ____ (though by no means halted) through the definition of a Green Belt. In
recent years development has been ____ in the London Docklands and Thames Gateway areas of East
London.
Choose one of the two words in bold;

In ordinary speech, the stories of the Greek and Roman deities and heroes are indiscriminately/virtually
referred to like/as myths and legends. If we wish to be/we were more careful, however, we can
differentiate among/between the two types of story, and between them and folktales and fairy tales.
Fortunately/Briefly, we can say that a myth gives a religious explanation for something: what/how the
world or a particular custom began. There is usually no attempt fixing/to fix the myth into a coherent
chronology related to the present day, though/despite myths or a cycle of myths may have their own
internal chronology. The story is timeless in that the events are symbolic apart from/rather than just the
way it happened. In calling a story a myth we are expressing no opinion about if/whether it is true or not.
25) Complete the paragraph with the most fitting sentence;
Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan, an important chief of the Algonquian Indians (the
Powhatans) who lived in the Virginia region. Her real name was "Matoaka." "Pocahontas" was a
nickname meaning "playful" or "mischievous one." Pocahontas is most famous for reportedly saving the
life of English Captain John Smith. ________. Pocahontas tried to promote peace between the
Powhatans and the English colonists. She even converted to Christianity and married John Rolfe, a
Jamestown colonist, a union which helped bring the two groups together. Her untimely death in England
hurt the chance for continued peace in Virginia between the Algonquians and the colonists.
A) On one of his expeditions, John Smith was captured by the Native American chief Powhatan
B) In 1612 Pocahontas was captured by the English and taken to Jamestown
C) Fighting between the Native Americans and colonists arose when the new settlers began
taking lands belonging to Powhatan and his people
D) Throughout her short life, however, she was important in other ways as well
E) When European explorers and settlers began to arrive in the Americas in the 15th century,
Native Americans found themselves faced with a new set of challenges
26) Complete the paragraph with the most suitable sentence;
Don Quixote by Cervantes is often nominated as the best work of fiction ever._________. The former
were mostly disconnected stories with little exploration of the inner life of even the main character.
The latter, of course, is focused almost always on the psychological evolution of a single character. In
Part I, Quixote imposes himself on his environment. By Part II, he is no longer physically capable, but
people know about him, "having read his adventures", and so, he needs to do less to maintain his
image. By his deathbed, he has begun to assume a new identity, including a nickname, "the Good",
just to die well.
A) It describes the adventures of an idealistic Spanish nobleman who, as a result of reading

many tales of chivalry, comes to believe that he is a knight who must combat the world's
injustices
B) Don Quixote was originally intended as a satire on medieval tales of chivalry
C) Don Quixote has had a tremendous influence on the development of prose fiction
D) It stands in a unique position between medieval chivalric romance and the modern novel
E) It has also been the subject of a variety of works in other fields of art, including operas and
motion pictures
The term "civil disobedience" characterizes the active refusal to/of obey certain laws, demands and
commands of a government or of an occupying power without resorting with/to physical violence.
Civil disobedience was practised in India in the fight for/against British colonisation. The American
author Henry David Thoreau pioneered the modern theory before/behind this practice in his 1849
essay, originally titled "Resistance to Civil Government", and later retitled "Civil Disobedience". The
driving idea behind the essay was that/those of self-reliance, and how one is in morally good
standing as long as they "get on/off another man's back"; so you don't have to physically fight the
government, but you must not support it or have it support you (if you are against it). This essay has
had a wide influence on many later practitioners of civil disobedience. In the essay, Thoreau
explained his reasons for/of having refused to pay his taxes in/as an act of protest against slavery
and against the Mexican War. Civil Disobedience served as a major tactic of nationalist movements
in former colonies in Africa and Asia prior to their gaining independence. Most notably Mohandas
Gandhi developed civil disobedience as/for an anti-colonialist tool. Martin Luther King, a leader of the
US civil rights movement in the United States in the 1960s also adopted civil disobedience
techniques, and antiwar activists both during and after the Vietnam War did likewise. More recently,
in the 2000s, people have used civil disobedience to protest the war on Iraq.
Fill in the blank spaces with the most suitable word;
A legend is a story which is told __(27)__ it were a historical event, rather than as an explanation for
something or a symbolic narrative. The legend may or may not be an __(28)__ version of a historical
event. Thus, examples of legends are the stories about Robin Hood, __(29)__ are set in a definite
period, the reign of Richard I of England (1189-99), or about King Arthur, which were perhaps
originally based on the exploits of a Romano-Celtic prince who attempted to resist the expansion of
the Anglo-Saxons in __(30)__ was to become England. The stories about Robin Hood and King
Arthur have been elaborated and expanded on __(31)__ the years.
27) B) evident
A) like C) illustrated
B) as if D) accurate
C) ever since E) elaborated
D) after
E) even though 29)
A) which
28) B) who
A) entire C) that
D) whom E) there
E) what
31)
30) A) for
A) which B) since
B) where C) down
C) that D) over
D) what E) up until
Civil disobedience has served as a tactic of Polish opposition for/against communists. Many who/which
practise civil disobedience do so without/out of religious faith, and clergy often participate in or lead
actions of civil disobedience. The Berrigan brothers in the United States, for example, are priests who
were arrested/have been arrested dozens of times in acts of civil disobedience in antiwar protests. In
demanding/seeking an active form of resistance, those who practise civil disobedience may choose to
deliberately break/demolish certain laws, such as by forming a peaceful blockade or occupying a facility
illiterately/illegally. Protesters do so with the expectation which/that they will be arrested, or even attacked
or beaten by the authorities. Protesters often undergo training in advance/on average on what/how to
react to arrest or to attack, so that they will do so in a manner that quietly or limply resists without
threatening the authorities.
as well scar starring spoiled intervention volume
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is the first ____ in an ongoing series of (eventually) seven
books for children written by British author J. K. Rowling, and ____ Harry Potter, a young wizard. The
book has also been made into a film of the same name. Both the book and film go by the name Harry
Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the United States.
Plot of the book

When Harry Potter was 15 months old, the evil Lord Voldemort killed his parents and tried to kill Harry
____. Harry survived, but a ____ remained on his forehead. He was sent to live with his abusive Aunt
Petunia and Uncle Vernon. They forced him to live in a cupboard under the stairs, while they ____ their
son Dudley with constant toys and treats. On the week of his 11th birthday, Harry started to get letters,
delivered by owls, inviting him to come and study at a Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. After
an ____ by the gigantic Hagrid, Hogwarts' groundskeeper, he is finally permitted to attend, although his
aunt and uncle tell everyone that he is attending St. Brutus' School for Incurably Criminal Boys.
revolves uncover strengths past smartest

At Hogwarts, he befriends Ron Weasley, the youngest son of a poor wizarding family, and Hermione
Granger, a muggle-born girl (not of a wizarding family) who is the ____ witch of her age, and develops a
rivalry with brat-prince Draco Malfoy. The main plot ____ around the philosopher's stone. Though
guarded carefully by the teachers of Hogwarts, Harry and friends ____ a plot to steal the stone,
suspecting their Potions teacher, Severus Snape. Pooling their individual ____, the three manage to get
____ the various defences which guard the stone, until Harry has to go forward alone to face not Snape,
as expected, but Professor Quirrell, who has been acting as host for Lord Voldemort. Voldemort attempts
to use Harry to find the stone. The final defense is the Mirror of Erised, which shows the viewer their
heart's one true desire, charmed to show the stone only to those who wish to find, but not use it.
Voldemort is vanquished, and Quirrell killed, while trying to attack Harry; because of a remnant of his
mother's sacrifice.
NOTE:
remember somebody by name
call somebody by name
go by the name of
know somebody by name
( ‘by’ yukarıda olduğu gibi ‘ile’ anlamını verebilir. Aşağıdaki uygulamalarda da bu anlamı
vermektedir.)
Man cannot live by bread alone.

I refuse to live by (= following) their rules.
more by accident than design
by common consent
by means of
by hook or by crook (by any method possible)
by prescription
(I) By the 20th century it became clear that it was simply a unique and great work, the first true modern
novel.
(II) When it first came out, it was usually interpreted as a comic novel.
(III) In the 19th century it was seen as a social commentary, but no one could easily tell "whose side
Cervantes was on".
(IV) After the French Revolution it was popular in part due to its central ethic that individuals can be
right while society is quite wrong and disenchanting—not comic at all.
(V) Don Quixote by Cervantes has been interpreted differently in connection with the age in which it
was read.
A) I/II/III/IV/V
B) V/IV/III/II/I
C) V/II/IV/III/I
D) II/VIIV/III/I
E) IV/V/III/I/II
Cats are low-maintenance(33) pets compared to dogs, and are suitable(34) for households where(35)
everyone works full-time, although you might want to get two cats so that(36) they can keep each other
company during the day. Also consider(37) getting an adult cat rather than(38) a kitten. Animal shelters
often find that many people are keen(39) to adopt kittens, but adult cats are harder to look after at home.
Take your new cat to the vet to have it neutered and vaccinated. Feed your cat a good-quality cat food.
There are cat foods which are formulated for cats with(40) special dietary needs, such as kittens or older
or less active cats. Cats should also have fresh water available at all times(41), although many cats
prefer to drink rain water (possibly because they can taste the chlorine.) Avoid feeding them tuna- this
can contribute to(42) premature kidney failure, especially in males. Long-haired cats need to be groomed
every day to prevent their fur from getting matted. Short-haired cats can handle most of their own
grooming, but should still be brushed occasionally(43) to remove loose hairs.
33) B) in that
A) kept indoors easily C) on the grounds that
B) looked after for a small cost D) in case
C) kept in order E) in order that
D) easily befriended with
E) not demanding too much food 37)
A) regard
34) B) fancy
A) convenient C) contemplate
B) decent D) attribute
C) slight E) magnify
D) brief
E) arbitrary 38)
A) apart from
35) B) in lieu
A) at which C) on the basis of
B) from which D) instead of
C) which E) regardless of
D) in which
E) for which 39)
A) eager
36) B) voluntary
A) that C) mobile
D) mean E) at the time
E) hollow
42)
40) A) donate to
A) which owns B) cause
B) which possesses C) provide for
C) that have D) diagnose
D) who have E) spot
E) that had
43)
A) on all occasions
41) B) infrequently
A) at times C) in few instances
B) in time D) in the meantime
C) in the course of time E) now and then
D) all the time
NOTE:
A short-haired girl ( a girl with short hair)
Long-legged runners (runners with long legs)
Only blue-eyed models (only models with blue eyes)
A narrow-necked shirt ( a shirt with a narrow neck)
Lion-hearted Richard (Richard with the heart of a lion)
Find the correct meaning of the words in bold;
Until well into the nineteenth century, it was common for both male and female writers to publish under a
pseudonym(44). For women, the cloak of anonymity was doubly important(45). Female assertion and
self-revelation(46) were viewed as unwomanly. Hence, writing under a man’s name could protect a
woman from criticism for unladylike thoughts, and could increase her chances for an impartial(47) review.
Jane Austen is one of the most widely(48) read and revered(49) novelists in the English language, and
her novels have become both literary and popular classics. Yet as a woman negotiating(50) her culture’s
censorship of female ambition, Austen was secretive about her writing and expressed a genuine(51)
aversion to acquiring a public character. The title page of her first published novel, Sense and Sensibility,
states that it was "By A Lady," and her relations who knew of her authorship were enjoined to keep the
secret. The title page of her next novel, Pride and Prejudice, attributed the work to "The Author of ‘Sense
and Sensibility,’" and this practice continued with each successive(52) novel.
44) C) synonym
A) misnomer D) false name
B) pet name E) identity
D) enthusiastically
45) E) abruptly
A) hideous
B) abrupt 49)
C) novel A) respected
D) absolute B) appreciated
E) vital C) respectful
D) tactful
46) E) resentful
A) giving an accurate account of
her appearance 50)
B) reflecting her thoughts A) clarifying
superficially B) multiplying
C) making her inner world known C) manipulating
D) making herself engaged in D) discussing
charity work E) pestering
E) not yielding in to external
pressure 51)
A) ornate
47) B) fake
A) ostentatious C) vast
B) accessible D) genius
C) favourable E) real
D) fabulous
E) unbiased 52)
A) accomplished
48) B) consecutive
A) largely C) promising
B) commonly D) adorned
C) deeply E) innovative
NOTE:
‘-like’ bahsedilen şey gibi anlamını verir.
child-like
the animal-like behaviour of the football fans
ball-like structure on top of the building
unladylike thoughts
EXCERCISES WITH PHRASAL VERBS;
53) She had been_______ badly by him before, so she wasn't prepared to believe him again.
A) taken up B) let down C) crossed out
D) put out E) cheered up
54) I hope you're not counting ____ his turning _____ because he's terribly unreliable.
A) up/to B) by/on C) on/up D) out/in E) for/off
55) I'm glad you managed to_______ his speech because I had absolutely no idea what he meant.
A) play a trick on B) make contact with C) make sense of
D) pay a compliment to E) lose count of
56) You didn't have to_______ his mistakes quite so tactlessly, did you?
A) hand in B) try on C) check in
D) put through E) point out
57) Although I was completely exhausted, I_______ a brave face because I didn't want anyone to
notice my weakness.
A) put on B) came across C) wore out
D) went about E) lived on
58) Usually that airlines' planes run late, so imagine my surprise when one actually_______ on time.
A) took off B) wiped out C) turned down
D) put out E) set up
59) I was offered a good job in New York, but I decided to ____ it____ because I don't want to live
there.
A) check/in B) turn/down C) put/out
D) do/over E) hold/up
60) When Frank got fired, the boss told him to_______ his desk and leave within two hours.
A) put off B) shut down C) clear out
D) come round E) break into
61) We_______ of the negotiations because the other side refused to compromise at all.
A) laid down B) turned up C) put on
D) pulled out E) took off
62) Even the organisers were surprised at how many people_______ at the rally.
A) put out B) left over C) got in
D) turned up E) took on
63) Will you_______ all the bad apples from the basket, or they will spoil the good ones?
A) hold up B) put off C) take over
D) pick out E) bring about
64) Levi Strauss sold the first pairs of jeans to gold diggers who had complained that their ordinary
trousers _______too quickly.
A) turned up B) put on C) took off
D) wore out E) gave up
65) Although the politicians of the country claimed that the refugees had _______the stories about the
crimes, the overwhelming evidence has now proved that they were true.
A) made up B) worked out C) looked for
D) checked in E) carried out
66) Please don't...........any calls while my guests are here.

A) pass away B) cut across C) hold on
D) do over E) put through
67) There's a rumour going _______the office that a multi-national corporation is going to
take_______ the company.
A) round/over B) about/up C) through/away
D) over/after E) among/off
68) We can't possibly_______the event now; the arrangements have all been made.
A) put away B) knock down C) let into
D) call off E) make up
69) Why don't you stay here a bit longer? It's absolutely _______and you'll get soaked walking home.
A) standing out B) flooding in C) pouring down
D) getting over E) dropping off
Find the correct meaning of the words in bold;
Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (1533-1592) was a French writer of the 16th century, generally considered
to be the inventor(63) of the personal essay. His work was unprecedented(64) in its candidness and
personal flavor, and his influence(65) on both French and world literature is unquestionable. He writes
with utter frankness(66) in a non-technical style, sometimes moving in a stream-of-thought fashion(67)
from topic to topic. His arguments are often supported with quotes from classical Greek and Roman texts.
Montaigne's stated goal(68) in his book is to describe man, and especially his own self. He finds the great
variety and volatility of human nature to be its most basic features(69). A typical quote is "I have never
seen a greater monster or miracle than myself." He describes his poor(70) memory, his ability to solve
problems and mediate conflicts without truly getting emotionally involved, his disgust for man's pursuit of
lasting(71) fame, and his attempts to detach(72) himself from worldly things to prepare for death.
Montaigne is disgusted with the violent and barbaric conflicts(73) between Catholics and Protestants of
his time, and his writings show a pessimism and skepticism quite uncharacteristic for the Renaissance as
an example; he believes that humans cannot attain certainty, and he rejects general and absolute
statements.
70) C) dedication
A) undertaker D) acquisition
B) advocate E) sentiment
C) donor
D) pioneer 76)
E) discoverer A) feathers
B) distinctions
71) C) characteristics
A) the first of its type D) principles
B) not balanced E) outlines
C) not satisfactory
D) unpredictable 77)
E) infallible A) not rich
B) versatile
72) C) fragile
A) incident D) weak
B) affluence E) erroneous
C) influx
D) infamy 78)
E) impact A) resistant
B) life-long
73) C) winding
A) honesty D) tough
B) vividness E) enduring
C) tact 79)
D) mood A) separate
E) consideration B) refrain
C) repel
74) D) abstain
A) way E) detain
B) vogue
C) guild
D) order 80)
E) attitude A) feuds
B) clashes
75) C) oppositions
A) passion D) trenches
B) object E) obstacles
The Iliad by Homer, a Greek author who is also known for The Odysseus, contains everything about war:
real courage, real cowardice, real command failures, real command genius, real self-seeking, real self-
sacrifice, real equipment malfunction, real logistical mistakes, real supply shortages, real bad luck, real
good luck, real love of family, real love of friends, real love of brothers in arms, real love of country, real
hatred, real sorrow, real pity, real wisdom, real folly, real enemies, real death, real ugliness, real beauty,
real fog and real clarity. The Iliad is real, and it taught Greeks, young and old, what they needed to know
about war. It helped them to understand what it is like to attack in an army and to be attacked. Because
they knew the Iliad, Greeks who were coming of age for obligatory military service knew what war was.
War was a grim necessity. War could confer honor and glory and make a man a hero, a woman a
heroine. War could break and ruin good human beings, forever, and bring death to innocents.
81) The author of the passage clearly states that Homer ___________.
A) aimed to teach morals to the Greek youth

B) emphasized in all his books the necessity of war
C) is known worldwide for his elaborate portrayal of war
D) wrote not only The Iliad but also The Odysseus
E) took an active part in the wars he depicts
82) It is said in the passage that Homer’s book, the Iliad, ___________.
A) helped Greek warriors to fight more bravely

B) reflects the social structure of the Greek society
C) was used as a course book in Greek schools for some time
D) has a great literary value and served as a model for subsequent Greek writers
E) functioned as a preparatory book for Greek youngsters in terms of war
83) From what is told about war, it is clear that ___________.
A) war can be prevented through peaceful methods

B) Greeks were a warring society who didn’t know what peace was like
C) the neighboring countries left no peace for Greeks with constant wars
D) making war was the only occupation Greeks enjoyed
E) war brings about both honor and destruction to humans
Find the synonym for the word in bold;
The typical vending machine consists of __(84)__ chocolate bars and potato chips, leaving few options
for people seeking __(85)__ low-calorie or low-salt snacks. That is changing now as companies develop
markets for products they expect to satisfy both nutritionists and consumers. Imagine peeled baby carrots
instead of candy, or crispy baked pita bread in place of those chips. Healthy products are starting to take
over entire __(86)__ machines. These offerings account for a small but growing share of the $3.3 billion
business. Companies hope to attract __(87)__ adults who have avoided vending machines because of
the diet-busting temptations. Another focus is on schools, where parents and administrators would rather
students consumed raisins than powdered doughnuts.
84) 86)
A) is made up of A) certain
B) constitutes B) exact
C) combines C) the whole
D) covers D) total
E) introduces E) all
85) 87)
A) anticipating A) stun
B) desiring B) dazzle
C) looking for C) fascinate
D) researching D) draw
E) missing E) urge
Complete the blanks with the most suitable word;
__(88)__ on your recipe, you might have to start preparing sauces or other accessories before __(89)__
the actual pasta. The way of boiling pasta applies to most pasta in general. When the water is still cold,
add some salt to it. The quantity of salt depends on the amount of water and the salt's particular intensity
(some salts are "lighter" than other ones). On average, for every 200 grams of pasta you need 4 liters of
water and 2 tablespoons of salt. Moisten the salt with water until it is no longer visible. When the water
finally boils, throw in your pasta and start measuring the time. Do not put pasta in the water until it has
started boiling, or you will get something very distant from __(90)__ is generally considered satisfactory
pasta. The length of time differs __(91)__ each kind of pasta (generally, the box suggests a boiling time),
and goes from 5 minutes for thin spaghettini to 12 and up minutes for some thicker kinds. A bit less time
than __(92)__ will produce a firmer pasta (al dente - heavy to digest, however) while __(93)__ more time
causes pasta to be more flexible. It is a good idea __(94)__ the suggestions on the box until you are
__(95)__ experienced in making pasta. Fresh, egg-based pasta (pasta all'uovo) takes very little time to
cook. Fresh noodles hardly need a minute after the water has returned to the boil; filled pasta like tortellini
need only a few minutes to cook through. Many experienced cooks like to sample a piece of the pasta
while boiling it (spizzicatura - they "fish" it out with a slotted spoon) to stop cooking just at their desired
consistency.
88) C) Depending
A) To depend D) To be depending
B) Having depended E) Depended
C) being suggested
89) D) suggested
A) making E) having been suggested
B) made
C) having made 93)
D) to make A) a few
E) you made B) many
C) a bit
90) D) quite
A) which E) hardly
B) that
C) what 94)
D) how A) to follow
E) it B) following
C) to be followed
91) D) to be following
A) among E) to have followed
B) between
C) with 95)
D) from A) merely
E) for B) sufficiently
C) exclusively
92) D) vulgarly
A) to suggest E) anonymously
B) suggesting
NOTE:
She will no longer work as she has had a baby. (She won’t work any longer as she has had a
baby.)
They no longer had any place under whose roof they would stay. ( They didn’t have a place
any longer under whose roof they would stay.)
I no longer want to buy that house after I have learnt that it is haunted. ( I don’t want to buy
that house any longer after I have learnt that it is haunted.
any longer=any more
I cannot tolerate you any longer that your parents can. (‘any more’ kullanılamaz.)
She hardly earns now any more than she used to in her previous job. (‘any longer’
kullanılamaz.)

What is behind the phenomenon of Japanese life expectancy? Most theories have centred on the low-fat
diet of fish, rice and soy products such as tofu. But diet is just one of the factors that make for a longer,
healthier life. While few studies offer definite explanations for Japan's long-living population, there is no
shortage of possibilities. Universal health insurance, achieved in the early 1960s, undoubtedly has an
impact, as does the generous state pension scheme. In Japan, poverty in old age is rare. Education also
plays a role. "There is no illiteracy, even among people aged 70 and over," says Takao Suzuki, from the
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology. "They are very sensitive about information on health
problems, so I would say education is one of the important factors." Suzuki says that the benefits of the
traditional Japanese diet have been made possible by economic development. Before the Second World
War, the average intake of animal protein was less than seven grams a day, but has risen to a near-ideal
40 grams, along with a similar level of vegetable protein. While cholesterol intake is rising, it has not
reached the levels in the West, where there are unprecedented levels of obesity.
96) It is said that the reason for longevity among the Japanese ___________.
A) is that they give priority to physical activity

B) has nothing to do with their eating habits
C) seems impossible to explain
D) is partly the low fat content of their diet
E) is only related to a diet of fish, rice and soy products
97) With the expression ‘there is no shortage of possibilities’, the writer means that ___________.
A) several complementary explanations exist about life expectancy

B) possibilities are not very short at all
C) eating habits among the Japanese aren’t probably short-lived
D) many methods of living long don’t work
E) there are a lot of possibilities in this regard
98) From what Takao Suzuki says in the passage, we learn that ___________.
A) the Japanese wish to imitate the eating habits of Western nations

B) Japanese government generously support research into nutrition
C) there are no people in Japan who don’t know how to read and write
D) certain information is required by law on food containers
E) traditional diet has been wholly abandoned in Japan
Aliens
revolved arrogant tried polls heresy blessed
while ridiculed demanded publicly by
Among countless stars, is Earth the only planet _____ with life? Is this some miracle ____ chance, never
to be reproduced on another world? In 399 b.c., the great philosopher Socrates was accused of not
believing in the gods in which the state believed. He was ____ and found guilty of corrupting Athenian
youth and religious _____. He was sentenced and put to death by the use of a poison he chose to ingest.
Galileo was warned not to defend Copernican Astronomy because it went against the doctrine of the
church. In 1616, the Roman Catholic Church ____ that Galileo stop teaching the theory that the sun was
at the center of the cosmos and everything ____ around it. The belief at that time was that the Earth was
the center and the sun (and everything else) revolved around the Earth. Galileo was eventually hauled
before the Catholic Inquisition and condemned to house arrest, for life. After 10 years, he died ____ still
under house arrest. We know today of course, that Galileo was indeed (more or less) correct. Throughout
history people have been unjustly _____, harassed, and even severely punished for their views and
ideas that didn't seem to quite fit in with the current socially accepted beliefs. Are we ____ to assume that
man is the only intelligent life out there? We think so. Over the past 8 years, we have spent much of our
time privately researching this subject, (which is sometimes a hard subject to research, when considering
that most people do not feel comfortable ____ sharing their experiences). Although most ____ show that
the majority of the population believes that the governments are hiding what they know about worldly
visitors, the general attitude towards this subject is often one of total disbelief and ridicule.
His name was Fleming, and he was a poor Scottish farmer. One day, while trying to __(99)__ a living for
his family, he heard a cry for help coming from a nearby bog. He dropped his tools and ran to the bog.
There, mired to his waist in black muck, was a terrified boy, screaming and struggling to free __(100)__.
Farmer Fleming saved the lad from what__(101)__a slow and terrifying death. The next day, a fancy
carriage pulled up to the Scotsman’s sparse surroundings. An elegantly dressed nobleman stepped out
and introduced __(102)__ as the father of the boy Fleming had saved. "I want to repay you," said the
nobleman. "You saved my son’s life." "No, I can’t accept payment for what I did," the Scottish farmer
replied, __(103)__ off the offer. At that moment, the farmer’s own son came to the door of the family
hovel. "Is that your son?" the nobleman asked. "Yes," replied the farmer proudly. "I’ll make you a deal.
Let me take him and give him a good education. If the lad is anything like his father, he’ll grow to a man
you ___(104)__ proud of." And that he did. In time, Farmer Fleming’s son graduated from St. Mary’s
Hospital Medical School in London, and went on __(105)___ known throughout the world as the noted Sir
Alexander Fleming, the discoverer of Penicillin. Years afterward, the nobleman’s son was stricken with
pneumonia. What saved him? Penicillin. The name of the nobleman? Lord Randolph Churchill. His son’s
name? Sir Winston Churchill.
99) E) live
A) make
B) lead 100)
C) set A) by himself
D) win B) his own
C) himself A) to wave
D) him B) having waved
E) on his own C) waving
D) waved
101) E) being waved
A) could be
B) must have been 104)
C) ought to be A) have been
D) could have been B) can be
E) was going to be C) may be
D) are
102) E) were
A) him
B) his own 105)
C) by himself A) becoming
D) each other B) to becoming
E) himself C) became
D) being become
103) E) to become
murderers corpsesholds illicit another pioneering

notorious without in charge required
Edinburgh _____a particular place in medical history because of the _____work at the University in
the teaching of anatomy. This had its unusual aspects. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, a father,
son and grandson, all named Alexander Monro, formed a dynasty of professors _____ of anatomy
for an unbroken 126 years. But there was a dark side. Studying anatomy ____ dissection. Dissection
required bodies. Normally those were criminals who had been hanged. But not always. A body could
be sold to the anatomy school ____questions being asked. The first Alexander Monro worried in
1725 that "the requirements of anatomical teaching provided unscrupulous criminals with a
particularly macabre opportunity for ___ gain." That was why watchtowers - such as the one
surviving in St Cuthbert's - were built: to prevent newly-buried ____ being stolen. But people's
greatest fear was of what might happen if there were no bodies... That fear became real in 1828 with
the ____ case of Burke and Hare. Having legally sold one dead person to the university, they went
on to sell ____ sixteen. Unfortunately, all of those had been alive until they met the two _____.

"When I visit London one of my favourite things to do is shopping! I really enjoy hunting around for a
bargain in the sales, buying something new to wear out on a Saturday night. Or alternatively, a bit of
window-shopping - it doesn't cost a penny. Sometimes I'll spend hours just wandering around a
market having a chat with my friends. Some people like shopping in department stores; the most
famous one in London is 'Harrods' in Knightsbridge, but for me, it's not modern enough, and too
expensive, the sort of place your parents shop. But just down the road is 'Harvey Nics', much more
'up-to-the-minute', but not cheap. The best of all the big department stores is 'Selfridges' in Oxford
Street, it's a shoppers' paradise, nice clothes, and the prices. Well I can look, can't I? "For that 'day
out wandering around a marke' experience, try 'Camden', it's busy, exciting, trendy, and there are lots
of bargains! You can buy cheap jeans and cool second hand clothes in the morning and then get a
tattoo and a body piercing later on! If all that shopping is too tiring, you can get some Chinese or Thai
food for £2 or £3, sit by the canal and drink a beer. What could be better?
106) The author gives an exemplary picture of shopping in London ________.

A) although he hasn’t been there personally
B) which will be of invaluable use for strangers who will do shopping in London
C) that is intended to be useful for Londoners
D) which won’t appeal to visitors or Londoners
E) because he thinks that visitors will need advice in this regard
107) From what the author says about Harrods in Knightsbridge, we can say that __________.
A) the author almost always does his shopping in this store
B) the author doesn’t like shopping along with his parents
C) the writer earns a moderate income
D) the writer goes to the store involved for window-shopping
E) the author is a young person
SECTION 16) A 33) B 50) D 67) A 84) A

FOUR 17) B 34) A 51) E 68) D 85) C
1) B 18) C 35) D 52) B 69) C 86) E
2) E 19) A 36) E 53) B 70) D 87) D
3) A 20) B 37) C 54) C 71) A 88) C
4) E 21) E 38) D 55) C 72) E 89) A
5) A 22) D 39) A 56) E 73) A 90) C
6) C 23) C 40) C 57) A 74) A 91) E
7) D 24) B 41) D 58) A 75) B 92) D
8) D 25) D 42) B 59) B 76) C 93) C
9) C 26) D 43) E 60) C 77) D 94) A
10) D 27) B 44) D 61) D 78) E 95) B
11) C 28) D 45) E 62) D 79) A 96) D
12) E 29) A 46) C 63) D 80) B 97) E
13) A 30) D 47) E 64) D 81) D 98) C
14) D 31) D 48) B 65) A 82) E 99) A
15) E 32) C 49) A 66) E 83) E 100) C
101) D 103) C 105) E 107) E
102) E 104) B 106) B
SECTION FIVE
Most people think that the majority of victims of crime in Central London are tourists. In fact, this is not the
case. In official police crime profile reports of incidents in Oxford Street, of 3404 victims of pickpockets,
only 128 were visitors to London. By far the biggest crime is pickpocketing; the criminals are now very
professional in their approach. The key to being a successful pickpocket, it would seem, is to distract the
victim away from what he or she is doing in order to allow the pickpocket to steal without anyone realising
a theft has taken place. One pickpocket’s tactic was to have a woman fasten her stockings and
suspenders in the middle of a shop; this obviously attracts a lot of attention, thus allowing the thief to go
about his business. Another diversion tactic was to squirt sauce on people’s clothes, the thief then starts
to try to ‘help’ while his accomplice moves in and steals the victims’ bag or wallet.
1) It is evident from the passage that ________________.

A) crime rate in Central London is relatively low on the contrary to what is thought
B) Londoners aren’t bothered by pickpocketing because the victims are visitors
C) the visitors to London constitute minority among victims of pickpocketting
D) London has the highest rate of pickpocketting among the other English cities
E) London is relatively safer than the other British cities for visitors
2)The passage draws attention to _________________.

A) what time of the day pickpockets are usually at work
B) how petty crimes are prevented in such cities as London
C) why pickpockets are obliged to steal so as to get by
D) what methods of self-defense are more effective in case of a theft
E) being careful when a distractive event takes place in public places
3)The main point in being successful as a pickpocket ____________.

A) is to know how to evade being caught by the police
B) is to collaborate with other pickpockets
C) is to help those badly in need of help
D) is to put off victims and steal what is to be stolen
E) is know how people will react in certain situations
Royal Residences
The grand buildings __(4)__ the South Bank of the Thames at Greenwich were designed by Sir
Christopher Wren, most famous for St. Paul's Cathedral. The buildings were finally completed in 1745,
__(5)__ some parts started to be used as early as 1705. They are now part of a university - having
formerly served as a naval hospital and a naval college - and been the __(6)__ for several cinema and
television films. But the buildings stand on a site which has a __(7)__ longer history, __(8)__ now only a
fragment remains and that is below the ground. For nearly two hundred years, from around 1450 to 1650,
Greenwich __(9)__ one of the main royal palaces of England. Some of the most famous English
monarchs, __(10)__ Henry VIII and Elizabeth I, not only lived there surrounded by their courts, but also
had been born there. Henry VIII put an armoury there, and there was a special area for jousting -
mounted knights separated by a barrier who rode at each other with lances. There were also gardens
and orchards, a great fountain and a sprawling mass of buildings. The Palace was also in a strategic
location, because at the time __(11)__ side of Greenwich on the Thames were important Royal
Dockyards. Eventually, though, the Palace fell into __(12)__. In 1664, the King at the time, Charles II,
decided to demolish it and replace it with completely new buildings in a modern style. Only a cellar from
the former Royal Palace now remains, underneath one of the new buildings. Its red brick, typical of the
sixteenth century, contrasts sharply with the white stone and columns that are __(13)__ it.
4) D) so
A) in E) quite
B) at
C) into 8)
D) onto A) whose
E) on B) which
C) of which
5) D) where
A) despite E) what
B) although 9)
C) as though A) had been
D) whereas B) was
E) when C) were
D) have been
6) E) would be
A) scene
B) point 10)
C) scenery A) such as
D) setting B) similarly
E) destination C) rather than
D) but for
7) E) as for
A) much
B) more 11)
C) such A) some
B) all D) disability
C) neither E) despair
D) either
E) both 13)
A) above
12) B) over
A) destitution C) under
B) inefficiency D) from
C) disrepair E) through
NOTE:
There were more than twenty people at the meeting, of whom only one seemed familiar to me.
He brought out ten books, of which three became the top-sellers.
They performed in major cities, of which only two were in Europe.
The Minister of Finance has several advisors, of whom two had degrees from department of finance.
Cesar Chavez Gains Grounds for Farmers

Cesar Chavez is best known for his efforts __(14)__ better working conditions for the thousands of
workers who labored on farms for low wages and under severe conditions. Chavez and his United Farm
Workers union battled California grape growers __(15)__ nonviolent protests. Chavez got the idea for
nonviolent actions __(16)__ Martin Luther King Jr., who was a leader in the struggle for civil rights for
African Americans. Chavez also went on hunger strikes, __(17)__ by refusing to eat for long periods of
time. In 1968 he fasted for 25 days in support of the UFW (United Farm Workers) commitment __(18)__
non-violence. He was inspired __(19)__ by M.K. Gandhi of India. __(20)__ Chavez's peaceful tactics and
public support for the union, he and the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee were able to
negotiate contracts for higher wages and better treatment of agricultural workers with California grape
producers. Like his protests, Cesar Chavez died peacefully. In 1993, he died in his sleep in San Luis,
Arizona, where he had gone __(21)__ against vegetable growers. An estimated 50,000 mourners
attended his funeral service. In recognition of Chavez's importance as a leader of the Mexican American
community and a champion of social justice, President Bill Clinton awarded the Medal of Freedom, the
nation's highest civilian honor, to his widow, Helen Chavez, in 1994.
14) 15)
A) of gaining A) holding
B) gaining B) by holding
C) to gaining C) upon holding
D) by gaining D) while holding
E) to gain E) after holding
16) 19)
A) from A) fasting
B) of B) to be fasting
C) with C) to fast
D) out of D) to have fasted
E) without E) fasted
17) 20)
A) protesting A) As well as
B) having protested B) In spite of
C) to protest C) On condition that
D) without protesting D) Because of
E) protested E) Since
18)
A) within 21)
B) on A) testifying
C) of B) to have testified
D) in C) testified
E) to D) to be testified
E) to testify
along greatly voice masterpiece slang employed

captures else descriptions
Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn

In every generation, writers joke about writing the "great American novel." But Mark Twain really did. The
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, published in 1884, is considered by most to be Twain's ____. The story
follows Huck Finn as he helps Jim, a runaway slave, to escape ____ the Mississippi River. The novel is
filled with rich ____ of the river and the colorful people who lived along it. He also ____ humor to involve
his readers in issues of justice and morality. What ____ helped make this book so well loved? Twain
used accents and ____ words to bring his characters to life. Huckleberry Finn was different from anything
most Americans had ever read. Twain wrote dialogue for his characters that made them sound like real
people. He didn't make all his characters sound the same; instead they each had a unique ____. Here is
how Chapter One of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn begins: "You don't know about me without you
have read a book by the name of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer; but that ain't no matter. That book was
made by Mr. Mark Twain, and he told the truth, mainly. There were things which he stretched, but mainly
he told the truth. ..." Can you see how this ____ the way someone speaks? This style of writing ____
influenced American literature, and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is now considered a classic
novel, a work of excellence that is read long after it is written.
King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table

Many places in England, __(22)__ in the south and west, claim connections with King Arthur and his
Knights of the Round Table. __(23)__ even today, with all the tools of modern archaeology, it’s still
impossible to know whether such a king __(24)__, or whether his story is simply a legend. Certainly there
are historical references to a leader called Arthur, who lived around the end of the fifth century. He had
already become something of a folk hero __(25)__ the ninth century as a warrior king. But __(26)__ of
the information that has come down to us is very reliable. What is certain is __(27)__ the ideas of honour
and chivalry that we associate with King Arthur were not much in evidence in that period of British history,
rightly known as the Dark Ages. And yet Arthur’s Round Table exists - in Winchester. It is inside the
magnificent Great Hall, the only part of the former Winchester Castle that remains __(28)__. Although the
table once had twelve legs, has a diameter of 18 feet (5.4 metres) and weighs nearly one and a half tons,
it has hung on the wall for centuries. It has this inscription: "This is the round table of Arthur with 24 of his
named knights." Unfortunately scientific tests have shown that is __(29)__. The table was made at some
time between 1250 and 1280 - about thirty years after the Hall itself was built. The table was painted (or,
just possibly, re-painted) in 1520, on the instructions of King Henry VIII. Indeed, there are those who say
that the face of the king painted on the table could easily be a likeness of the young Henry - a piece of
flattery by a court painter, __(30)__ a portrait of an Arthur who may, after all, never have existed.
22) 25)
A) merely A) by
B) particularly B) until
C) genuinely C) since
D) specifically D) for
E) spontaneously E) after
23) 26)
A) Even though A) much
B) Therefore B) none
C) On the contrary C) hardly
D) That is D) neither
E) Yet E) all
24) 27)
A) exists A) whether
B) has existed B) how
C) were existing C) that
D) existed D) which
E) had existed E) what
28) C) ordinary
A) steady D) superficial
B) firm E) studious
C) aloof
D) intact 30)
E) mighty A) rather than
B) apart from
29) C) in contrast to
A) probable D) in common with
B) unlikely E) by means of
unaided give off stages massive detected
Many astronomers believe that quasars are the most distant objects yet ___ in the Universe. Quasars
____ enormous amounts of energy - they can be a trillion times brighter than the Sun! Quasars are
believed to produce their energy from ____ black holes in the center of the galaxies in which the quasars
are located. Because quasars are so bright, they drown out the light from all the other stars in the same
galaxy. Despite their brightness, due to their great distance from Earth, no quasars can be seen with an
____ eye. Energy from quasars takes billions of years to reach the Earth's atmosphere. For this reason,
the study of quasars can provide astronomers with information about the early ____ of the Universe.
(I) Developments in science and technology, like nuclear bombs, television, and space
travel, happened so quickly that adults couldn't really keep up
(II) Mead found that kids had similar ideas about space exploration, no matter where they
were from
(III) How about reading by oil lamps instead of electric lights or buying food with shells
instead of dollars?
(IV) Around the same time, kids on Manus Island (part of Papua New Guinea in the South
Pacific) were trading shell money, dogs' teeth, and fish for turtles, grass skirts, and
coconuts
Margaret Mead; A Life in Destitution

Can you imagine a world without computers or television? _____(31)________ When Margaret Mead
was growing up in Pennsylvania in the early 1900s, she read by oil lamps and traveled to school in a
horse and buggy. Her family even made their own butter. ____(32)______. A few carried obsidian-bladed
daggers in case they had to fight neighboring tribespeople--some of whom were cannibals. Manus kids'
lives were not that different from those of their distant ancestors. By the 1960s, life had changed for kids
in Pennsylvania, as well as for kids in places like Manus. But, according to Mead, life had actually
become more similar in certain ways for kids all over the globe. Mead believed that, after World War II,
the world was changing much faster than ever before. _________(33)_______, but Mead thought that
kids could easily adapt to rapid technological change. She called children the "natives" and adults the
"immigrants" of the modern world. Mead used social science techniques to research her ideas about
change. In the 1950s and '60s she talked to kids in the United States, Canada, Bali, and Manus about
space travel and Sputnik, the first satellite to orbit the Earth (launched by the Soviet Union in 1957). What
do you think she discovered? _______(34)_______. It didn't matter if their grandparents had grown up
with cannibals or Model Ts. By the 1960s, people all over the world had access to radio and television, so
kids in Pennsylvania and Manus could hear news about astronauts on the same day. What do you think
Mead would say about the internet and 24-hour television news?
construct took of interest appointing ample

volumes costliest devoted
The Library of Congress

During the War of 1812 the British invaded Washington and burned the Capitol building in 1814. They
also burned the 3,000 ____ in the Library of Congress, which was then housed in the Capitol. While
Jefferson was president from 1801 until 1809, he _____ a strong interest in the Library of Congress and
its collection, personally recommending books and _____ the first two Librarians of Congress. In fact, he
said, "I cannot live without books." By the time the war happened, Jefferson was retired and living at his
home in Monticello. There he had his own private library, known as the largest and finest in the country.
What do you think Jefferson decided to do for Congress? Jefferson offered to sell Congress his private
collection of 6,487 volumes for $23,950 to help restart the Library. Jefferson's collection included many
topics that the Library never had before. Until this time, the Library's collection had been ____ to legal,
economic, and historical works. Jefferson's collection included works on architecture, the arts, science,
literature, and geography. It also had books in French, Spanish, German, Latin, Greek, and Russian.
Jefferson believed that all subjects could be ____ to members of Congress, and deserved to be in the
collection. So now they had the books, where did they put them? The Library collection was kept in the
Congressional Reading Room in the Capitol, but in 1871 the Librarian of Congress at the time, Ainsworth
Rand Spofford, suggested that they ____ a separate building for the Library. In 1886, Congress approved
the project. Spofford wanted a "domed reading room at the Library's center, surrounded by ____ space
for the Library's various departments." When it was finished, it was the largest and ____ library building in
the world. In 1980, the building was renamed the Thomas Jefferson Building in honor of the man whose
personal collection helped rebuild the Library. You can imagine that this would have made Jefferson very
happy.
As well as completing the blanks with the most suitable word, answer the questions in accordance
with the paragraph;
You might think the first wind machines used to be dedicated to some labor saving task, but that may not
have been the case. The first known wind machine design wasn't for grinding grain or pumping water,
__(35)__ for playing an organ. Hero of Alexandria, in Egypt, described a wind-powered organ __(36)__
150 to 250 BC, but the first place windmills were used for work was apparently Persia. __(37)__ 1000 AD
they were in general use in Europe, and particularly in Holland, which used them __(38)__ for grinding
and pumping water that the windmill became __(39)__ a national emblem. At the high point in the 19th
century, there were about 9,000 windmills in Holland. Wind power was also used in the Western United
States to pump water prior to rural electrification and gasoline engines. But with the __(40)__ of other
power sources, wind power fell out of popularity, though __(41)__ the sharp oil price increases during the
1970s there has been some renewed interest in wind power.
35) D) extensively enough

A) however E) as extensively
B) nor
C) without 39)
D) and A) intentionally
E) but B) virtually
C) practically
36) D) collectively
A) so early as E) notoriously
B) the earliest
C) too early 40)
D) as early as A) advent
E) a lot earlier that B) deprivation
C) negligence
37) D) oppression
A) By E) exclusion
B) Since
C) Afterwards
D) Beforehand
E) Until 41)
A) since
38) B) during
A) too extensive C) after
B) such extensively D) despite
C) so extensively E) as a result
42) It is probable according to the passage that the initial windmills __________.
A) were nearly as developed as today’s

B) served more or less the same purpose as they do today
C) were improved in quality by Egyptians after they emerged in the Netherlands
D) didn’t have any commercial value
E) were used in the field of entertainment, not with an aim to facilitate work
43) Unlike those in Egypt, the windmills in Persia _________.
A) didn’t have any difference not only in purpose but also in composition
B) contained more moving parts
C) required more effort to use
D) followed the example of Egypt both in structure and in function
E) were utilized so as to do work
44) Windmills, in the 19th century, ___________.
A) fell out of favour on account of high oil prices

B) again gained popularity and came to the fore
C) were introduced to U.S. as a tool of grinding grain or pumping water
D) enjoyed their golden age with widespread utilization
E) became the national emblem in several countries
Fill in the following gaps with the best suitable section below and then answer the questions
according to the passage.
It __(45)__ the standard of care in our paediatric facility to keep patients on strict bed rest __(46)__ the
neck in hyperextension for 5 days after the muscle tightening in neck appears. Multiple methods have
been used to help maintain neck immobility for this difficulty. It has been challenging to maintain strict
bed rest protocols, __(47)__ decreased compliance and boredom. To address this issue, we examined
common sedentary various activities __(48)__ in by children. We decided to use video games to
facilitate the intrinsic motivation of play. The monitor of a video game activity was inverted and placed
behind the head of the bed so that the child __(49)__ proper neck positioning. We found the activity to
be beneficial in many aspects. It helped maintain neck positioning, decreased the demand for individual
interventions, and provided opportunities for __(50)__ self-confidence.
46)
A) was 47)
B) has been A) with
C) had been B) on
D) would be C) from
E) had to be D) at
E) into
50)
48) A) had maintained
A) since B) must be maintained
B) although C) could maintain
C) before D) is maintaining
D) because of E) has been maintaining
E) in order to
49) 51)
A) excelled A) promoting
B) cultivated B) progressing
C) objected C) advancing
D) merged D) growing
E) engaged E) enlarging
52) The underlined word in the passage is closest in meaning to ____________.
A) challenged
B) laid
C) sustained
D) accommodated
E) settled
53) One point made in the passage is that when patients have problem about muscle
tightening in their necks, _____________.
B) they are commonly advised to have a rest in their beds for approximately a week
C) it is a must that they stay in bed for one week
D) doctors strictly urge them that they should quit working more than five days
E) they have great difficulty in adapting to the conditions at work
F) they cannot recover from this illness unless they have a rest for at least one week at
home
54) As it is clear in the passage, although many different processes have been offered in order
to help patients to keep their necks still in bed, ______________.
A) only one of them has been successful in doing so

B) doctors do not prefer any of them in their treatment
C) doctors find it difficult to do so since these patients become bored of staying in bed
D) they don’t want to get involved in any of these processes because of getting bored
E) they generally choose the method normally applied to children
55) One can easily understand from the passage that the method recently applied to children
for the muscle tightening in their necks ________________.
A) has also been successful in removing the adults’ boredom problem while having a rest
in bed
B) helps children get rid of their physical problem entirely
C) merely enables children to enjoy themselves while having a rest in their beds
D) didn’t manage to keep children still in bed because they are very active
E) works well for not only their physical problem but also their psychological problem
Fill in the following gaps with the best suitable section below and then answer the questions
according to the passage.
Dolphins recognize themselves in mirrors – one of the few mammals ___(55)____ humans that
have the ability to do so, according to a new study published recently. The study found that
dolphins ___(56)____ can recognize themselves in a mirror but also can notice changes in their
appearance. ___(57)____ this research, only higher primates, such as humans and
chimpanzees, had demonstrated self-recognition in mirrors. Diana Reiss of the Osborn
Laboratory of Marine Sciences at the New York Aquarium conducted the study involving two
bottlenose dolphins from the New York Aquarium. The scientists first marked the dolphins with
"sham" marks, and then exposed them ___(58)____ a mirror. After several repetitions, the
scientists put temporary black ink on parts of the dolphins' bodies, ___(59)____ the animals
could see only in a mirror. In each of the trials, the dolphins went to the mirror ___(60)____
examine the areas the scientists had marked. Reiss said “their findings provide definitive
evidence that the two dolphins in this study used the mirror to investigate the parts of their body
that were marked."
56) E) In the wake of

A) rather than
B) other than 59)
C) but for A) to
D) as a means of B) for
E) by means of C) in
D) at
57) E) from
A) both
B) neither 60)
C) either A) that
D) not only B) when
E) as if C) in which
D) which
58) E) what
A) After
B) In the aftermath of 61)
C) Prior to A) in order to
D) Thanks to B) in addition to
C) besides E) therefore
D) for
62) The underlined word in the passage is closest in meaning to ___________.
A) confirmation
B) suggestion
C) collision
D) posture
E) deception
63) One can understand from the passage that dolphins ________________.
A) are the only mammals that identify themselves in mirrors apart from humans
B) are distinguished from other mammals in that they can recognize themselves in mirrors
C) take the place in the minority of mammals that recognize themselves in mirrors when we
exclude humans
D) are entirely similar to humans in terms of their features
E) have the talent to recognize themselves in mirrors, which was found by Diana Reiss for the
first time
64) The writer of the passage points out in the passage that in all of the trials, the study
_______.
A) proved that humans and monkeys can merely recognize their appearances in mirrors
B) explains the reason why dolphins can easily notice the changes in their bodies
C) refuted the claim that dolphins are the only mammals that recognize self-recognition in
mirrors
D) demonstrated that the dolphins checked the parts of their body marked by the scientists
E) draws attention to the features of all the primates
(I)Doing so, the researchers found, activated a region of the brain known as the dorsal striatum
(II)The team scanned the brain activity of male volunteers participating in a game of exchanging
money back and forth
(III)In order to prove this, Fehr and his colleagues applied a test called PET, which stands for
positron emission tomography
(IV)Individuals with stronger activations were more willing to incur greater costs in order to punish
someone else
"A person who has been cheated is left in a bad situation—with bad feelings," said study co-author Ernst
Fehr, director of the Institute for Empirical Research in Economics at the University of Zurich in
Switzerland. "The person would feel even worse if the cheater does not get her or his just punishment."
____(64)_____. They injected water with a unique signature into the bloodstream of each volunteer, and
then scanned the person's brain when the water, carried via blood, reached the brain. ____(65)_____. If
one player made a selfish choice instead of a mutually beneficial one, another player could penalize him.
The majority of players chose to impose a penalty even when it cost them some of their own money.
____(66)_____. Previous research has shown that this region is involved in enjoyment or satisfaction.
Brain scans during the experiment also showed a correlation between a person's brain activity and how
much punishment they choose to mete out at their own personal cost: ____(67)_____. "The nice feature
of our study is that the variation in the dorsal striatum predicts these differences in behavior quite well,"
Fehr said. "Subjects with lower activation in the dorsal striatum punish less."
1 Penelope is another of those mythic heroines whose beauties were rather those of
character and conduct than of person. She was the daughter of Icarius, a Spartan prince.
Odysseus, king of Ithaca, sought her in marriage, and won her, over all competitors. When
the moment came for the bride to leave her father's house, Icarius, unable to bear the
5 thoughts of parting with his daughter, tried to persuade her to remain with him, and not
accompany her husband to Ithaca. Odysseus gave Penelope her choice, to stay or go with
him. Penelope made no reply, but dropped her veil over her face. Icarius urged her no
further, but when she was gone erected a statue to Modesty on the spot where they
parted. Odysseus and Penelope had not enjoyed their union more than a year when it was
10 interrupted by the events which called Odysseus to the Trojan war. During his long
absence, and when it was doubtful whether he still lived, and highly improbable that he
would ever return, Penelope was importuned by numerous suitors, from whom there
seemed no refuge but in choosing one of them for her husband. Penelope, however,
employed every art to gain time, still hoping for Odysseus's return. One of her arts of delay
15 was engaging in the preparation of a robe for the funeral canopy of Laertes, her husband's
father. She pledged herself to make her choice among the suitors when the robe was
17 finished. During the day she worked at the robe, but in the night she undid the work of the
day. This is the famous Penelope's web, which is used as a proverbial expression for
anything which is perpetually doing but never done.
68) The underlined part of sentence 1 and 2 means that ____________.
A) Penelope didn’t have anything to make her outstanding

B) Penelope was more beautiful in character and behaviour than in physique
C) Penelope was as beautiful in character and behaviour as in physique
D) Penelope was the most beautiful woman in the vicinity
E) Penelope owned beautiful physical features as well as a remarkable character
69) The underlined part of sentence 3 means _______.
A) after all his efforts

B) thanks to his determination
C) in such a fierce competition
D) against all the enemies
E) despite those who competed with him
70) The underlined part of sentence 4 means _________.
A) standing to think about separating from his daughter

B) giving a second thought to live apart from his daughter
C) coming up with the suggestion to be away from his daughter
D) ceasing to be on the side of his daughter
E) abandoning his daughter to the alien hands
71) The underlined part of sentence 7 means that _______.
A) Icarius didn’t demand much from her

B) Icarius didn’t force her any more
C) Icarius didn’t like her any longer
D) Icarius had no more conflicts with her
E) Icarius stayed no farther from her
72) The underlined part of sentence 15 means _______.
A) all day long

B) as soon as she gets up
C) for a whole day
D) from sunrise to sunset
E) throughout day
The first written records of history __(73)__ by priests and contained accounts of religious ceremonies
and festivals held throughout the year. __(74)__ these records were written down year by year, they are
sometimes referred to as annals and the priests __(75)__ updated them every year were called annalists.
They were in the form of short summaries and they were extremely valuable at later reconstruction of a
__(76)__ history of Rome because they made references to declarations of war, victories, defeats, and
treaties. This form of written account was later used in "Dark Age" and early medieval Britain in the form
of The Welsh Annals and The Anglo Saxon Chronicle. The idea of recording the passage of events year
by year also __(77)__ to Tacitus, __(78)__ Annals is one of the most valuable records of First Century
Roman history.
73) 76)
A) kept A) imaginary
B) were keeping B) factual
C) were kept C) fictitious
D) have been kept D) flexible
E) had kept E) hectic
74) 77)
A) Since A) adhered
B) Consequently B) clung
C) Though C) stirred
D) Because of D) appealed
E) Ever since E) devoted
75) 78)
A) whom A) with whom
B) which B) that
C) who C) whom
D) the fact that D) which
E) whose E) whose
Find the word or explanation giving the closest meaning to the words or phrases in bold;
The Cookies
At an airport one night, with several long hours before her flight, she hunted for a book in an airport shop,
bought a bag of cookies and found a place to drop. She was engrossed in(79) her book but happened to
see(80) that the man sitting beside(81) her as bold as could be, grabbed a cookie or two from the bag in
between them, which she tried to ignore(82) so as to avoid a scene. So she munched the cookies and
watched the clock, as the gutsy cookie thief diminished(83) her stock. She was getting more irritated(84)
as the minutes ticked by, thinking, "If I wasn't so nice, I would blacken his eye." With each cookie she
took, he took one too. When only one was left, she wondered what he would do. With a smile on his face,
and a nervous laugh he took the last cookie and broke it in half. He offered her half as he ate the other.
She snatched it from him and thought....ooh, brother! This guy had some nerve and he was also rude.
Why he didn't even show any gratitude(85)! She had never known when she been so galled. She sighed
with relief when her flight was called. She gathered her belongings(86) and headed to(87) the gate,
refusing to look back at the thieving ingrate. She boarded(88) the plane and sank in her seat, then she
sought her book. As she reached in her baggage she gasped with surprise. There was her bag of
cookies in front of her eyes. If mine are here, she moaned in despair, the others were his. And he tried to
share. Too late to apologize, she realized with grief, that she was the rude one, the ingrate, the thief! How
many times have we absolutely known that something was a certain way, only to discover later that what
we believed to be true....was not? Always Keep An Open Mind And An Open Heart, Because..... You
Just Never know.... You might be eating someone else's cookies.
79) 84)
A) crammed with A) bothered
B) acquainted with B) nagged
C) involved in C) upset
D) satisfied with D) impatient
E) absorbed in E) hasty
80) 85)
A) occurred to her A) gratification
B) emerged all of a sudden B) justification
C) suddenly noticed C) radiation
D) saw by chance D) gratefulness
E) started to realize E) respect
81) 86)
A) by A) traits
B) in addition to B) ownerships
C) far from C) possessions
D) in front of D) estates
E) behind E) resources
82) 87)
A) neglected A) rushed to
B) despised B) sent for
C) took no notice C) drew closer to
D) excluded D) got to
E) overtook E) made for
83) 88)
A) raise A) slipped into
B) decrease B) embarked on
C) decline C) frequented
D) increase D) blew up
E) illuminate E) disembarked from
NOTE:
He turned up for the meeting at around 4 p.m, only to find that the lecture was over.
Many students graduate from their universities with high hopes, only to see that it isn’t easy to
find a job.
I rushed to the box-office of the local cinema as soon as that film was brought out, only to learn
that all the tickets were already sold out.
(I) The couple drove off and reported the encounter to the police
(II) Murphysboro police chief Toby Berger ordered a search, but all that was found was a
trail of crushed grass, broken trees, and gobs of black slime
(III) On June 25 of that year, a couple sitting in their car heard weird shrieks start to come
from the woods nearby
In 1973, Murphysboro, Illinois, a small town on the banks of the Big Muddy river, had several sightings
of a hair and mud covered monster.____(89)______; then a huge figure -- eight feet tall -- covered with
light brown hair and what appeared to be mud, came out of the woods and lumbered toward their
vehicle. _______(90)______. Several other sightings were to follow. Two teenagers that had a close
encounter with the creature said it smelled of foul river slime. Workers at a nearby fairground saw the
strange beast staring at some tethered ponies._____(91)______. Tony Stevens, editor of The Southern
Illinoisan, said: "This is no hoax. This is hunting country, and anyone who goes around in an animal
costume is going to get his butt shot off."
In the forests and plains of Siberia and China and in the mountains of the Himalayas, live two races of
mysterious hairy wild people. Called "Alma" by the Chinese and Soviets and "Yeti" by the Nepalese and
Tibetans, these creatures average five feet in height and are covered from head to toe by a coarse hair
-- silver and white in the mountainous regions, and orange and brown in the forests. These creatures
are seen only at random, and the evidence for their existence is mostly hair samples, footprints, and
vague sightings.__________; but until specimens are found, living or dead, final proof is missing.
A) They are heavily built, apelike, hairy, and malodorous, with facial features resembling those
of a human being; and to communicate by grunts, cries, or whistles
B) Contemporary reports of the yeti, therefore, are regarded by some as little more than modern
variations on an ancient mythological theme
C) Yeti has been reported by highland Sherpas in Nepal but has eluded discovery by several
expeditions
D) Scientists believe the Alma and Yeti are surviving ancestors of our own species
E) In 1960 the renowned mountaineer Sir Edmund Hillary of New Zealand undertook to
investigate reports of the creature
After __(93)__ an iced coffee beverage onto his lap while driving from a local coffee shop drive-through
a Michigan man is now __(94)__ the shop for $800,000 in damages and mental anguish. The man
claimed it was a "traumatic experience" that has negatively __(95)__ his life in many ways. He claims
that he was unaware of the frigid temperature of his Ice Mocha or he __(96)__ better precautions with
handling the beverage. The coffee shop owner said during our interview, "__(97)__ who doesn't know
the temperature of a drink that has the word 'ice' in its name has __(98)__ important things to worry
about than a moment of discomfort due to his own negligence. He sustained no physical harm; there
were no damages to his vehicle or possessions __(99)__ a brown stain on his pants, which I am sure is
something he __(100)__."
93) C) had taken

A) brewing D) was taking
B) stumbling E) should have taken
C) tripping
D) shaking 97)
E) spilling A) Anyone
B) No one
94) C) Someone else
A) reversing D) Something
B) pushing E) Everybody else
C) appealing
D) suing 98)
E) belittling A) too many
B) a lot of
95) C) very few
A) transported D) as many as
B) abated E) much more
C) altered
D) baffled 99)
E) bid A) as well as
B) rather than
96) C) except
A) might take D) as for
B) would have taken E) as regards
C) is used to
100) D) used to
A) is using E) was used to
B) is getting used to
NOTE:
I didn’t receive the invitation to your wedding, or I wouldn’t have left you on your happiest
occasion.
Thanks God that we have a father who earns a lot of money, or we could lead/be leading such a
comfortable life.
I am too tired to move my body, or I would go to the shop at the corner to get what you need.
Fortunately, the queue isn’t as long as we expected. Or all the tickets would be sold out by the
time we get to the box-office.
or= or else
She has a good voice. Otherwise, she wouldn’t stand any chance to become a singer.
SECTION 16) A 33) I 50) A 67) IV 84) A

FIVE 17) A 34) II 51) B 68) B 85) D
1) C 18) E 35) E 52) A 69) E 86) C
2) E 19) C 36) D 53) C 70) A 87) E
3) D 20) D 37) A 54) E 71) B 88) B
4) E 21) E 38) C 55) B 72) D 89) III
5) B 22) B 39) B 56) D 73) C 90) I
6) D 23) E 40) A 57) C 74) A 91) II
7) A 24) D 41) A 58) A 75) C 92) D
8) C 25) A 42) E 59) D 76) B 93) E
9) B 26) B 43) E 60) A 77) D 94) D
10) A 27) C 44) D 61) A 78) E 95) C
11) D 28) D 45) B 62) C 79) E 96) B
12) C 29) B 46) A 63) D 80) D 97) A
13) A 30) A 47) D 64) III 81) A 98) E
14) E 31) III 48) E 65) II 82) C 99) C
15) B 32) IV 49) C 66) I 83) B 100) C
SECTION SIX

(I) As you can see, going to the cinema in London requires a lot of thinking about
(II) There are other smaller art-house cinemas in town
(III) These films are made by independent filmmakers and are not aimed at mass audiences
(IV) This cinema often shows films a few weeks later than some of the others
A big night out in London
It can be difficult to go to the cinema in London, because there are too many films and cinemas to
choose from! Most of the central cinemas are around Leicester Square, showing big blockbuster
movies, where you can wander around and see which film takes your fancy. There's lots of information
telling you what's on if you look on the Internet or in 'Time Out' magazine. The cheapest cinema in
Leicester Square is 'The Prince Charles'.______(1)______ , so if you don’t mind being a bit behind the
times and want to save a couple of quid this could be the place for you. Leicester Square is also the
home to star studded opening nights. People think waiting (often out in the cold) is worth a glimpse of
Tom Cruise, Julia Roberts or Brad Pitt as they step out of their Limosines to attend premiere of their
new movie. Watch out for the screaming fans.______(2)_______; one of these is 'Metro Cinema' on
Rupert Street in Soho. It shows a wide variety of movies but tends not to show more mainstream
films.______(3)______. London's oldest Cinema institution is the NFT (National Film Theatre). In
October 2002 it celebrated its 50th birthday. It shows all kinds of films from silent classics to film festival
hits. Many big name film-makers have visited, from Woody Allen to Quentin Tarantino to Jaques Tati
(who couldn't find the toilet and was photographed using the wall outside!). ______(4)______. Maybe
you want to see a famous star, or perhaps a film by your favourite director, or just sit, eat popcorn and
enjoy the latest Hollywood action movie. If you take the time to look, there's something for everyone.
French doctors were taken aback when they discovered the reason for a patient's sore, swollen belly:
He had swallowed around 350 coins - worth about $860 - along with assorted necklaces and needles.
The 62-year-old man came to the emergency room of Cholet General Hospital in western France in
2002. He had a history of major psychiatric illness, was suffering from stomach pain and could not eat
or move his bowels. His family warned doctors that he sometimes swallowed coins, and a few had been
removed from his stomach in past hospital visits. Still, doctors were awed when they took an X-ray.
They discovered an enormous opaque mass in his stomach that turned out to weigh 5.4 kilograms, as
much as some bowling balls. It was so heavy it had forced his stomach down between his hips. Five
days after his arrival, doctors cut him open and removed his badly damaged stomach with its contents.
He died 12 days later from complications. One of his doctors, intensive care specialist Dr. Bruno
Francois, said the patient had swallowed the coins - both French currency and euros - over about a
decade.
5) It is clearly stated in the paragraph that _________.
A) it is common in the world for people to swallow metal items

B) metal items may be fatal when swallowed
C) the person told about was a thief who had stolen a lot of coins
D) the family members of the patient weren’t aware of this strange habit of the patient
before this operation
E) the doctors were surprised to find out coins and metal items in the stomach of the
patient
6) According to the passage, ____________.
A) the patient was obsessed with collecting various currencies

B) this isn’t the first time doctors have removed coins from the patient’s stomach
C) the coins taken out of the patient’s stomach was enough to meet the expenses of the
operation
D) the discomfort of the patient was simply a psychiatric illness
E) the doctors didn’t feel surprised at the case
Find the word or explanation giving the closest meaning to the words or phrases in bold;
Fairy tale master Hans Christian Andersen was born on this date in 1805. The man who began many a
story with the enchanting(7) words "Once upon a time" also gave adults a few allusive phrases to carry
into adulthood. The Ugly Duckling tells the now-classic story of the duckling scorned(8) by everyone
(except his mother) because of his odd(9) and unpromising appearance. Eventually(10) he turns into
"the most beautiful swan of all," but the ugly duckling never forgets "how it felt to be despised and
teased(11)," and he is never cruel(12) to creatures that are different from those around them. Since the
late 1800s, the term ugly duckling has been a byword for someone despised or neglected because of
unpromising qualities but who has great potential. In Andersen's tale The Emperor's New Clothes, the
clothes-loving emperor is sold a new set of clothes by a pair of scoundrels who assure(13) him the
clothes are invisible to simpletons and to people unfit(14) for their office. Because no one wants to be
thought a fool, the clothes are extravagantly praised and the emperor parades around naked until an
innocent child pipes up with the truth—that the emperor is wearing no clothes. Nowadays, the
emperor's new clothes is a metaphor for something meaningless, nonsensical, or wrong that is
automatically, uncritically(15) agreed with.
E) enormous
7)
A) pleasant 8)
B) enduring A) stared
C) absorbing B) scattered
D) promising C) despised
D) deserted B) savage
E) smashed C) wild
D) stingy
9) E) scruffy
A) greasy
B) fragrant 13)
C) oblivious A) enable
D) uneven B) enlarge
E) bizarre C) ensure
D) enslave
10) E) enhance
A) Eventfully
B) Abruptly 14)
C) Considerately A) unbending
D) Ultimately B) unbearable
E) Lastly C) unanimous
D) unabridged
11) E) unsuitable
A) tempted
B) humiliated 15)
C) applauded A) blindly
D) praised B) of critical importance
E) made fun of C) with no inclination
D) without questioning
12) E) in a peculiar manner
A) bestial
NOTE:
Many a student=many students
In many a city=in many cities
Many a collage in U.S. demands participation in sports activities besides high grades from
students. (Many collages in U.S. demand participation in sports activities besides high grades
from students.)
change into
develop into
turn into
grow into

,
Members of the ancient Mesopotamian and Persian nobility curled, dyed, and plaited their long hair
and beards, sometimes ___(16)___ gold dust or gold and silver ornaments. Both Egyptian men who
were beardless and women shaved their heads for coolness. On ___(17)___ they wore heavy black
wigs and often a cone of perfumed oil on top of the head. The Hebrews were prohibited by biblical law
from cutting their hair or beards. ___(18)___, following ancient tradition, Orthodox Jewish men through
the centuries have worn long hair and beards. After the exile, in the 1st century A.D., Orthodox women,
___(19)___ marriage, cropped their hair and wore wigs, a custom which is still practiced to ___(20)___
extent.
16) D) On the contrary

A) adding E) Despite
B) added
C) to add 19)
D) to be added A) for
E) having been added B) at
C) under
17) D) in
A) instances E) upon
B) streams
C) accounts 20)
D) occasions A) all
E) terms B) some
C) many
18) D) such
A) Nevertheless E) few
B) Thus
C) Because
(I) According to the Curry Club of Great Britain there are 8500 Indian restaurants in the UK,
and of these, more than 8 out of 10 are owned by Bangladeshis
(II)They were very successful in establishing a silk industry and made the area very
prosperous indeed
(III)A dish in one restaurant may taste exactly the same as the same dish in a restaurant down
the street
(IV)In Brick Lane now, you will find shops selling sari material, and dozens of 'Indian'
restaurants
(V)You can see the culture reflected in the shops, you can hear it in the voices of the people
on the street and you can taste it in the food
POPULATION OF LONDON
London's ethnic populations are not a new phenomenon. London has seen wave after wave of
successive migrant populations arrive in the capital and settle in one area, thus creating a mini-
homeland. ______(21)_______. One such area that has seen different peoples come and go is Brick
Lane in east London, an area which gets its name from, you guessed it - making bricks! Situated in one
of the poorest boroughs it is a densely populated area that was first established by immigrants, usually
escaping something in the country they had left behind. In the early 1700s French Huguenots
established themselves in Spitalfields, the area that now contains Brick Lane. ____(22)______. Jews
followed in the early part of the 20th century as they fled Russia, and again during the Second World
War as they left other parts of Eastern Europe. But it was more recently that Brick Lane acquired its
current inhabitants as later, in the 1960s and 1970s, a large influx of immigrants from Bangladesh
established the current 'Banglatown'. ____(23)________. Of course these restaurants are not Indian at
all. It is Bangladeshis who run them, the customers either do not know, or do not care that the food is
not authentic. ______(24)_______. So, with this huge Bengali community, it must be a good place to
get a curry? You might think so, but in fact, these restaurants offer huge menus. The sauces are often
bought in large catering packs, they are made for Western tastes.______(25)______. If you want to find
more authentic food, look for the restaurants that are not full of people in suits drinking pints of lager
with their dinner. Look for the places with the small menus, where there are more Islamic customers
than Western. In your search for a more authentic curry, you could try areas such as Wembley in the
north, or Southall in the west.
There is much disagreement on both what the word 'Yeti' means, and where the name 'Abominable
Snowman' -- the common Western and European name for the beasts -- came from (there doesn't
appear to be any explanation of the word 'Alma' yet). According to Sir Edmund Hillary in his article in the
1961 World Book Encyclopedia, 'Yeti' is believed to have originally meant "all-devouring creature";
however, according to Jenny Randles in her book Strange & Unexplained Mysteries of the 20th
Century, the word is from the Sherpa Yeh-teh meaning 'rock thing.' As for the title 'Abominable
Snowman', in Stranger Than Science Frank Edwards asserts that it is said to either be from a
translation of the word 'Yeti', or a translation of the Tibetan name for the creatures, metoh kangmi; but
the authors of the Webster's Third New International Dictionary feel the phrase is a mistranslation of the
Tibetan 'mi-te', or 'man-bear'. While Jenny Randles states that it comes from a mistranslation of a
Tibetan phrase that actually translates as 'manlike creature that is not a man.'
26) The passage reveals ____________.

A) all about where the words ‘yeti’ and ‘abominable snowman’ came from
B) that Edmund Hillary claimed that ‘yeti’ means ‘rock thing’
C) where the most accurate meaning of the discussed words can be found
D) that the meanings of ‘yeti’ and ‘abominable snowman’ have been the subject of
scientific research
E) that there isn’t a consensus over the meaning of not only ‘yeti’ but ‘abominable
snowman’ as well
1 For the long centuries of the Middle Ages (500-1350 AD) the basis of scientific knowledge
had experienced little change, and the Catholic Church had preserved acceptance of a
system of beliefs based on the teachings of the ancient Greeks and Romans which it had
incorporated into religious doctrine. During this period there was little scientific inquiry and
5 experimentation. Rather, students of the sciences simply read the works of the alleged
authorities and accepted their word as truth. However, during the Renaissance this doctrinal
passivity began to change. The quest to understand the natural world led to the revival of
botany and anatomy by thinkers such as Andreas Vesalius during the later sixteenth
century. These scientific observers were surprised to find that their conclusions did not
10 always match up with the accepted truths, and this finding inspired others to delve further
into the study of the world around them. Scientific study extended from the earth to the
heavens, and Nicolas Copernicus, upon examining the records of the motions of heavenly
bodies, soon discarded the old geocentric theory that placed the Earth at the center of the
solar system and replaced it with a heliocentric theory in which the Earth was simply one of
15 a number of planets orbiting the sun. Though this scheme seemed to comply better with the
astronomical records of the time, Copernicus had little direct evidence to support his claims.
17 Not being ready to abandon traditional beliefs kept the heliocentric theory from achieving full
acceptance. The theory awaited the advancement of mathematics and physics to support its
claims.
B) understanding of the natural world was enriched through botany and anatomy
C) the search into botany and anatomy caused new ideas to emerge as regards the natural
world
D) botany and anatomy changed the face of the natural world
E) botany and anatomy became again a field of study as a result of the search to
understand the natural world
30) The bold section in line 9 means that __________.
A) they couldn’t reach any accepted conclusions

B) the results of their research were opposed to by the majority of people
C) their conclusions never achieved the status of accepted truth
D) their conclusions were occasionally met with acceptance
E) the outcomes they reached weren’t always compatible with what was regarded as truth
31) The bold section in line 10 and 11 means that __________.
A) the earth was no longer the subject of scientific studies

B) science started to engage in the paradise as well as in the earth
C) the heavens had now become the main focus of scientific study
D) science enlarged its focus from studying the world we live in to the sky
E) the circle of scientists became more interested in the heavens than in the earth
32) The bold section in line 16 and 17means __________.
A) ‘hindered complete recognition of heliocentric theory’

B) ‘caused no deviation from heliocentric theory’
C) ‘preserved heliocentric theory intact’
D) ‘proved the accuracy of heliocentric theory’
E) ‘prevented people from believing heliocentric theory in any way’
Fill in the blanks with the most meaningful word;
Gospel music is one of the four most significant musical creations that emerged out of African
American culture ___(33)___ the 20th century. ___(34)___ it has received far less attention than
___(35)___ jazz, blues, or rap music, the other main black musical innovations. Jazz, blues, and rap
attained greater ___(36)___ in part because they offer secular music in an increasingly secular age;
they were also ___(37)___ various times perceived as controversial or subversive.
33) A) are
A) during B) were
B) while C) have
C) despite D) has
D) since E) would
E) on
36)
34) A) accomplice
A) What’s more B) rivalry
B) Therefore C) notoriety
C) Hence D) nobility
D) Besides E) recognition
E) Yet
37)
35) A) on
B) in D) at
C) for E) under
It was on this night in the year 1916 __(38)__ a group of Russian aristocrats fed poisoned wine and tea
cakes to their guest, a failed Siberian monk. The man didn't die, so his host, nephew by marriage to the
Czar, shot him. The poisoned, wounded man staggered from the house, only __(39)__ again. Finally,
the would-be killers beat the man, tied him up, and threw him into a hole in the frozen Neva River,
__(40)__ he drowned. The mystic's death has become as legendary as his influence over the Empress
Alexandra. The murdered man was Grigory Yefimovich Novykh, __(41)__known as Rasputin. His
controlling, destructive influence over the Russian imperial family played a strong role __(42)__ the
dynasty. But nine decades after Rasputin's death, his name (really his nickname: Rasputin comes from
a Russian word meaning "licentious") lives on. Nowadays Rasputin is a byword for someone who has
a powerful, corrupting, and damaging influence over __(43)__ person in power. That term has been
applied to plenty of folks, ranging from astrologist Jose Lopez Rega, the virtual prime minister of
Argentinian President Isabel Peron, to more recent American powers behind the presidency.
38) 41)
A) when A) better
B) that B) the well
C) which C) the better
D) in which D) as well
E) after E) so well
39) 42)
A) shot A) of ending
B) to have been shot B) to end
C) to be shot C) for ending
D) to shoot D) in ending
E) being shot E) on ending
40) 43)
A) that A) another
B) on which B) the other
C) because C) other
D) for D) others
E) where E) the others

Hong Kong's newest television programme will be part game show, part reality television. The __(45)__
for the lucky winner won't be a car, or even cash; it'll be a job, __(46)__ from a post as a hairstylist to a
waiter or a dimsum chef. Asia Television says unemployment, at almost eight percent, is so high in the
territory that it wants to provide __(47)__ help to those out of work and looking for jobs. Each week a
single __(48)__ will be advertised. The prospective employer can then hire or reject their choice. Asia
Television said it was mere __(49)__ that its show resembles a programme already being aired in
Argentina. But there are similarities. And while Hong Kong's economic problems aren't yet as bad as
Argentina's, there are real concerns about the __(50)__ numbers out of work and struggling to find new
jobs.
44) 47)
A) prize A) evacuation
B) award B) commercial
C) reward C) facility
D) fare D) vacancy
E) fee E) altitude
45) 48)
A) everything A) contradiction
B) anything B) oppression
C) nothing C) notoriety
D) somebody D) prospect
E) anybody E) coincidence
46) 49)
A) adamant A) inestimable
B) barren B) unprecedented
C) genuine C) unpredictable
D) distinct D) unbalanced
E) promising E) inaccessible
LAUGH AND LEARN

Social workers in Fiji are trying to rehabilitate a 32-year-old man who they say was raised by chickens.
The man was locked in a chicken coop as a child for years by his grandfather after his parents died,
NBC reported. After escaping from the coop, the man was taken to a local hospital. No one knew how
to treat him, so hospital workers locked him in a room and tied him to his bed for more than 20 years.
Now, doctors are trying to treat the man. They say he has no mental defects and agree his condition is
from years of abuse and neglect.
50) Which one of the words below is the synonym of the word ‘raise’ in the passage?
A) increase
B) lift
C) elevate
D) rear
E) tame
51) What does the phrase ‘years of abuse and neglect’ mean?
A) the many years during which the patient remained locked in a hospital
B) the time in which the sufferer neglected and abused those around him
C) the years when the person was faced with maltreatment and oblivion
D) the brief period of time that the sufferer spent with the animals of poultry
E) the length of time which was spent in a coop
The European Union knows the precise number of cows grazing its fields, but not the number of
citizens in the 25 member states, its chief statistician was quoted as saying yesterday. Michel Vanden
Abeele, director-general of statistics agency Eurostat, told Belgian newspaper L'Echo that the EU's
leaders should stop demanding unnecessary data. "Because of the mad cow disease crisis, we know
the exact number of cattle in Europe. By contrast, we can't give the precise number of people who live
in the European Union," he said. There were 80,587,601 cows - 20,271,497 of them dairy cattle - in the
EU at the end of 2001, the most recent year for which full figures are published on Eurostat's website.
Around 450 million people currently live in the EU.
52) The point satirically expressed in the passage above is __________.
A) that the European Union doesn’t know the exact number of citizens in the member
states
whereas it knows that of cows in these states
B) that the number of cows in the 25 member states is steadily rising despite the mad cow
disease
C) that the officials of the European Union are more particular about the rise in the number
of cows
than the rise in the number of their citizens
D) how large the union has become with its cows and citizens
E) the EU's leaders are more concerned with unnecessary facts than necessary
information
(I)The director of a southern Iranian prison in southern Iran was dismissed after an inmate
was hung from the ceiling for hours and had to have his hands amputated as a result.
(II)Similar cases have been reported in Iranian prisons from time to time. (III)According to
Shargh newspaper, a 21-year-old man detained for drug dealing in the town of Dezful was
handcuffed to the ceiling with only his toes touching the floor. (IV)After being taken down,
the prisoner was rushed to hospital suffering from numb hands and torn nerves. (V)Doctors
were forced to amputate both hands on June 15.
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
Officials in western Japan are __(54)__ at the generosity of a mystery philanthropist who donated a
$2.6 million lottery ticket to help victims of recent torrential rainstorms. In an extremely __(55)__ display
of charity, a winning lottery ticket good for a Y200 million ($2.6 million) grand prize was mailed to the
governor of Fukui prefecture on Friday with a note saying it was intended as a __(56)__ for rain victims.
"I am sending a lottery ticket that is blessed with luck hoping that it will be of some help to the people
who had the __(57)__ of suffering damages," the letter said. Hiroko Imatomi, a Fukui prefecture official
who first spotted the mail, said the note convinced her that the sender was sincere. "It was a wonderful
letter ... It was definitely not intended as a hoax or a joke," she said. "It must be from a rare type of
person who has a big heart and hopes it will help people who suffered a lot," Imatomi said. The
__(58)__ used a false name and local authorities have no way to find out who sent the winning ticket,
which has been confirmed as being authentic, she said. Torrential downpours pounded Fukui
prefecture on July 17-18, killing three people, injuring 17 and destroying or __(59)__ more than 200
homes.
54) 57)
A) marvelling A) wealth
B) aiming B) blessing
C) surprising C) access
D) praising D) misfortune
E) appreciating E) commitment
55) 58)
A) suspicious A) winner
B) rare B) hijacker
C) crucial C) tamer
D) vacant D) sender
E) momentary E) reporter
56) 59)
A) innovation A) devastating
B) facility B) irritating
C) donation C) eradicating
D) calamity D) demolishing
E) hindrance E) damaging
It was not until divorce papers landed in her mailbox that a 22-year-old Norwegian woman discovered
that she had been married to a Pakistani stranger for a year, the Norwegian tabloid VG reported. The
woman, whose wallet had been snatched several years earlier, had no idea that her identification cards
had been used during a ceremony at the Islamic Cultural Centre in Oslo to unite her and the stranger in
holy matrimony. "I was shocked. I have never got married, and had no idea what had happened," the
woman, whose name was not disclosed, told the paper. She suspected that another woman had used
her ID to impersonate her during the ceremony. The centre's Imam Maulana Mehboob-ur-Rehman told
VG that his congregation very carefully checked that people getting married had their papers in order,
adding that the man must have duped both the congregation and the "wife". The woman whose wallet
was stolen now wants the marriage annulled and has reported the fraud to the police.
60) What was odd in the incident related above is ____________.
A) that marital laws in Norway are too loose to protect any abuse
B) the woman had no knowledge of the fact that she was married until divorce documents
arrived at
her house
C) that the Islamic Center has been host to many such strange wedding ceremonies
D) that minor offences aren’t considered worth punishing
E) how cunningly the woman involved was made fool of by a Pakistani man
Law enforcement officials in Florida Keys are puzzled by a bizarre new pastime - young people dangling
themselves from meat hooks on a popular sandbar. A US Coast Guard spokeswoman said that
authorities were called on July 12 to the sandbar off Whale Harbour in Islamorada. They found a woman
dangling from a bamboo tripod with hooks embedded in her shoulders. A Coast Guard spokesman told
the Key West Citizen newspaper that a young man, who also had hooks embedded in his heavily pierced
and tattooed skin, assured him the group was "just enjoying the afternoon". The group appeared to have
performed such body piercing rituals before and intended to post photos on a website dedicated to so-
called body modification, a Coast Guard spokeswoman said.
61) To a reasonable man, the incident told in the passage will seem ______.
A) just an ordinary way of enjoying oneself

B) as if it is easy to try it even for a child
C) like nothing more than torture and insanity
D) a strange but gratifying hobby
E) like an innovative way of killing time
A series of fires in the southern Egyptian province of Sohag has destroyed about 160 houses, giving rise
to rumours that spirits are at work or mysterious balls of fire are falling from the sky, an official in the
region said. However, kerosene stoves, cigarette butts and electrical short circuits were the real culprits
Brigadier Ezzat Aboul Kassem told Reuters in Cairo. Burning pigeons, their feathers set alight by the
flames, might explain talk of balls of fire, he added. Two children have died in the fires, which started last
month, and about 30 people have been injured.
62) It is understood from the passage that _________.
A) the fires broke out because of celestial objects falling down

B) the real reason for the fires goes unexplained
C) the inhabitants of Sohag have a strong monotheist belief
D) balls of fire could have caused this series of fires
E) the actual reason of the fires isn’t what the rumours say

(I)The contest in film-mad Singapore kicked off at 5pm Thursday with 24 eager watchers and
ended late on Monday with just three of the original line-up left, The Straits Times newspaper said.
(II)Three Singaporeans have thrown down the gauntlet to Hollywood fans worldwide, watching
more than 36 films over 72 hours and claiming a new world record.
(III)Contestants were allowed a five-minute break between movies, and a 15-minute gap every
third film, Channel NewsAsia reported.
(IV)If the feat is confirmed by global adjudicator Guinness World Records, it might beat the
existing record of 66 hours and 30 minutes set by a group of 11 in New York last year.
A) I/II/III/IV
B) II/IV/I/III
C) III/II/I/IV
D) IV/III/II/I
E) II/IV/III/I
64) Complete the paragraph with the most suitable sentence;
A crafty 73-year-old grandma put a burglar to sleep - by boring him with an album of her
cherished family photos. Police said that when Juan Garcia Vasquez broke into the woman's San
Francisco home, she persuaded him to look at her snapshot albums and listen to stories about
her grandchildren. ___________.
A) After looking through the photos, the burglar felt pity for the grandma and left home
B) He was surprised to learn that she had over a dozen grandchildren
C) When he nodded off, she called for help
D) She was living alone since her children chose to live independently
E) She had lived a long life without anything to adhere to now
A Romanian pickpocket died of a heart attack while being chased by his victim in the Transylvanian city
of Sibiu. The 24-year-old robber had stolen money from a man waiting at a bus stop, Romanian TV
reported. When the victim realised what had happened he started chasing the thief, who collapsed during
the chase. An ambulance rushed to the scene and paramedics said the thief died of a heart attack.
65) The best funny lesson to be taken from this incident is ________.
A) that you had better train hard before attempting to pickpocket

B) that you should never attempt to pickpocket if you have a weak heart
C) that you ought to wear comfortable sports shoes in case you get caught while
pickpocketting
D) that a health insurance is essential for pickpockets
E) that money isn’t worth dying for
A 70-year-old Italian died when a World War I bomb, part of his collection of military memorabilia,
exploded while he was showing it to a friend in his garden. Aldo Busato, a retired farmer, died instantly.
The man he was showing the bomb to was seriously injured, the local fire brigade said. Mr Busato lived in
north-eastern Italy, a site of fighting against the Austro-Hungarians in the 1914-1918 war.
66) In the passage, what seems funny is ____________.
A) to have died when a bomb went off

B) to have survived the war but to die because of a bomb remaining from the war
C) to make a collection of military artifacts
D) to show off what exists in your collection
E) to lead a long life in spite of the war at the site
Women thinking of filling in flight time by painting their nails might need to think again since 45
passengers were __(67)__ from an airliner at a German airport when a spilled bottle of nail __(68)__
filled the cabin with noxious fumes. A number of passengers complained of dizziness and __(69)__
aboard the flight from Amsterdam to Bremen late on Friday, spawning fears of food __(70)__. Firefighters
and security personnel cordoned off the aircraft while a search was __(71)__ of the plane and
passengers underwent treatment by __(72)__. Investigators soon discovered that a female passenger
had overturned a bottle of nail varnish during the flight. In the confines of the small plane's cabin, the
fumes overpowered several persons temporarily. After __(73)__ medical checks all passengers were
released.
67)
A) left 69)
B) abandoned A) frenzy
C) evacuated B) orgy
D) detached C) feat
E) bragged D) bait
E) nausea
68) 70)
A) varnish A) supply
B) dye B) poisoning
C) paint C) consumption
D) trimmer D) decay
E) gap E) spoilage
C) staff
71) D) surgeons
A) pierced E) vendors
B) carried
C) conducted 73)
D) retarded A) ever-lasting
E) arranged B) lame
C) innate
72) D) brief
A) officers E) sturdy
B) paramedics
A storm is brewing in China as drought-stricken regions accuse each other of stealing clouds for rain-
seeding. With the help of modern technology, scientists can fire rockets filled with various substances
into light, fluffy clouds to make them rain. "But the practice has caused considerable controversy in recent
days, with some saying that one area's success with rain has meant taking moisture meant for one place
and giving it to another," the China Daily said today. The row over rain clouds was particularly heated in
several cities in central Henan province. "Meteorological officials in Zhoukou were soon accusing their
counterparts in Pingdingshan of overusing available natural resources by intercepting clouds that would
have likely drifted to other places, say, like Zhoukou," the newspaper said. Much of China is short of
water and cloud-seeding is common, especially over major cities.
74) It seems strange that common use of technology in China _____________.
A) has failed in providing much needed rain

B) isn’t ever supported by either local or central authorities
C) has inspired the countries bordering China to develop related technologies
D) has gone so far as to make clouds rain
E) has caused inhabitants of neighbouring cities to have a row because of cloud theft
A Czeh magician said he meditated and slept a lot while buried alive in a coffin for 10 days during a town
festival. "I had a lot of time to meditate about the meaning of life, and reflect on how short life is and how
necessary it is to make the best of every day," magician Zdenek Zahradka said after rising from his
temporary grave. Organizers of the European Magic Festival said Zahradka, whose stage name is Fakir
Ben Ghan, lost 8.5 kg because he neither ate nor drank while inside the box. The magician was able to
breathe and speak to supporters on the surface through an air hole, and a medical team electronically
monitored his physical condition. Zahradka said the seventh and eighth days were the most difficult. But
when the ordeal ended, he emerged from the coffin smiling and wearing sunglasses.
75) It is stated in the passage that the Czech magician _________.
A) had to live in a grave for 10 days to prove his skills

B) did nothing but sleep while in the coffin
C) voluntarily decided to live deep under the earth to think about life
D) thought that he couldn’t survive this show some time in the grace
E) took not any food but some drink with him during this show
76) It is clear from the passage that ________.
A) there was no connection between the magician and those who were outside
B) the health condition of the magician deteriorated once he was put in the coffin
C) the magician wanted to try this show to see spirits
D) those outside the grave could follow the condition of the magician
E) the show mentioned was against the law
77) At the end of this ordeal, _____________.
A) the magician swore that he would never do such a thing again

B) Fakir Ben Ghan was happy to have done such a crazy thing
C) Fakir Ben Ghan was awarded a good meal and a medal
D) the eyes of the magician have become too sensitive to sunlight
E) the magician had some bodily defects
Fill in the blanks with the suitable word;
A badly injured seagull was saved after its wounded leg was amputated and __(78)__ with parts from a
Barbie doll. Florida's Local 6 News reports the seagull was operated on by the crew of a yacht visiting the
city of Antalya, Turkey. The crew, apparently __(79)__ by peg-leg pirates, amputated the bird's leg and
created a new one using a Barbie doll's leg. They made a foot __(80)__ from the doll's hand. The seagull
has made a good __(81)__ and is now walking, and even running, __(82)__ the boat on the new leg.
78) E) satisfied
A) adorned
B) equipped 79)
C) replaced A) ploughed
D) crammed B) raided
C) diverged B) recovery
D) devastated C) effort
E) inspired D) compliment
E) commitment
80)
A) from 82)
B) of A) beyond
C) by B) over
D) with C) beneath
E) off D) from
E) around
81)
A) progress
Find the phrasal verb giving the closest meaning to the words in bold;
A Moscow man discovered(83) he was officially dead when he went to collect(84) his new passport in
April. Oleg Lunkov was denied the passport because the mother of his blind former wife had identified his
remains. The Moscow Times said his former wife, Alla Timofeyeva, reported him missing after an
explosion on a Moscow metro station in February killed at least 40 people. Police are investigating(85)
Timofeyeva, from whom he has been divorced since 2001, on suspicion of criminal fraud after she was
paid $22,500 compensation. If Mr Lunkov is identified as her husband she is threatening to sue him on
the grounds that he fabricated(86) his own death.
83) A) looking up
A) carried out B) looking into
B) wiped out C) going over
C) made out D) getting over
D) found out E) going through
E) worked out
84) 86)
A) pick up A) acted up
B) make up B) bore out
C) back up C) waited on
D) show up D) made up
E) hold up E) passed over
85)
Fill in the blanks with the suitable word;

A young monkey at an Israeli zoo started walking __(87)__ a human does following a near death
experience, the zoo's veterinarian said. Natasha, a small five-year-old black macaque monkey at the
Safari Park next to Tel Aviv, began walking exclusively upright on two legs after a stomach __(88)__
nearly killed her, zookeepers said. Monkeys usually alternate between upright movement and walking
__(89)__ all fours. A picture in the Ma'ariv daily on Wednesday showed Natasha standing ramrod straight
like a human. The picture was labelled humorously: The Missing Link? Two weeks ago, Natasha and
three other monkeys were diagnosed __(90)__ severe stomach flu. At the zoo clinic, she slipped into
critical condition, veterinarian Igal Horowitz said. "I was sure that she was going to die," he said. "She
could hardly breathe, and her heart was not functioning properly." After __(91)__ treatment, Natasha's
condition stabilised, but she __(92)__ strange behaviour, and a day after was released from the clinic,
she began walking erect like a human being. "I've never seen or heard of this before," said Dr Horowitz.
One possible explanation is brain damage from the illness, he said. Besides her evolutionarily advanced
method of movement, Dr Horowitz said, Natasha's behaviour had returned to normal.
87) 90)
A) the same as A) of
B) similar to B) over
C) as C) through
D) like D) in
E) such as E) with
88) 91)
A) substitution A) tender
B) replacement B) acute
C) ailment C) severe
D) supplement D) intensive
E) paralysis E) harsh
89) 92)
A) on A) expressed
B) in B) clung
C) with C) exhibited
D) without D) compelled
E) by E) suppressed
Fill in the blanks with the suitable preposition;
A school in Uganda was shut __(93)__ in May after parents complained that their children were being
attacked by demons, The New Vision reported this week. Parents accused a local man __(94)__ bringing
the demons to Bisika primary school. He had sourced the demons, known locally as mayembe, from a
witch doctor to help him acquire wealth, the paper reported. Officials ordered the man's arrest and the
temporary closure of the school. The man, who is still __(95)__ custody, said that when he failed to
satisfy the demons' "demands __(96)__ 300 virgin girls and cows to provide them __(97)__ blood ... for
sustenance" they broke free and attacked the pupils.
93) D) on
A) up E) below
B) off
C) through 96)
D) out A) of
E) down B) with
C) for
94) D) to
A) for E) onto
B) of
C) with
D) on 97)
E) to A) for
B) of
95) C) from
A) in D) with
B) out of E) to
C) within
Being able to prove descent from Genghis Khan, with the aid of a simple DNA test, will in future enable
the descendants to buy a free meal at London's two Mongolian restaurants, the Times reported
yesterday. The restaurants, both called Shish, are located in newly trendy Hoxton in the East End and in
Willesden Green to the northwest. The Times notes that the Mongol leader, who died in 1227 at the age
of about 65, is thought to have around 17 million descendants worldwide. Relatively few of them,
however, are thought to live within range of the restaurants.
98) According to the passage, in order to eat a free meal at the afore-mentioned
Mongolian restaurants, ______________.
A) one must have enough knowledge of Genghis Khan dynasty

B) one must have a permanent residence in London
C) one must be able to know how to make a DNA test
D) one must prove that he/she belongs to the family of Genghis Khan
E) one must be also working in the above mentioned restaurants
Find the word or explanation which gives the same meaning as the word in bold;
The dead could soon be speaking from the grave if an American inventor's plan becomes reality.
Californian Robert Barrows has filed a patent application for a video-equipped(99) tombstone that will
display a video message from the grave's occupant(100). "If his patent is granted, Barrows hopes that
when people make out their will(101), they also leave a parting(102) video with their lawyer," New
Scientist magazine said. The hollow(103), talking tombstone will include a flat touch screen and will
house a computer with a microchip memory or hard disc. It will be powered by electricity from the
cemetery's lighting system. The plan will not be the first electronically enhanced tombstone - an American
company already has a patent on a gravestone that can display photographs of the deceased(104) and
tributes from friends, the magazine said. But the Barrows’ plan will go on further by including actual
contributions from the deceased.
99)
A) fitted 102)
B) supplied A) one side in an arrangement or
C) devoted argument
D) blessed B) absence
E) packed C) alienation
D) separation
100) E) exotic
A) a person that invades a country
B) a person who is in a car, room, 103)
seat, place or position A) empty
C) a person who digs graves B) shallow
D) a person who has passed away C) sparse
E) a person who no longer lives D) gigantic
E) sizeable
101)
A) the desire to achieve something
B) an official statement of what a 104)
person has decided should be done with A) something that has rotten
their money and property after their B) the funeral of a noted person
death C) the things inherited from a member
C) the intention to provide the offspring of the family
with the necessary conditions for them to D) those that descend from the person
live comfortably involved
D) the mental power used to control E) a dead person or the dead
and direct your thoughts and actions, or
a determination to do something
E) the last word of the dying person
Find the word or explanation giving the closest meaning to the words in bold;
A Saudi man sentenced to six months in jail and 300 lashes for battering__(105)__ his TV-presenter wife
has been released as she pardoned__(106)__ him. Rania al-Baz decided to forfeit her private right under
sharia (Islamic law) for compensation from her husband, Mohammed Bakar Yunus al-Fallatta, and
requested his release after he served a little more than half his sentence __(107)__, Arab News said.
She told the English-language newspaper that the case was settled__(108)__ "in a way satisfactory to
both sides". Baz declined __(109)__ to give details of the settlement, which allowed Fallatta to walk free
on Saturday, saying only "she did not want to drag the case out any longer given the massive publicity
__(110)__ it has received", the paper reported. Fallatta had been sentenced to six months in jail and 300
lashes in May after he repeatedly smashed his wife's head into the walls and tiled floor and dumped her
unconscious at hospital on April 4. He initially faced an attempted murder charge, later reduced to severe
battering. Baz, who suffered 13 facial fractures and is still having reconstructive surgery__(111)__,
agreed to have photographs of her injuries published in the press in a bid to raise __(112)__ awareness
of a widely prevalent problem in Saudi Arabia. Her lawyer, Omar al-Khouli, said the Saudi woman and
Fallatta signed an agreement regarding their two children that "protects the rights of both
parties"__(113)__, Arab News reported. Under sharia, Baz has a private claim against her husband
independently of the public case, it said. "If Rania had insisted on compensation for her suffering the
sentence would have either been monetary compensation or, in theory, a beating similar in severity and
kind to the one she suffered from her husband," the paper added.
105) 107)
A) causing something to break noisily A) a period of time when you eat no
into a lot of small pieces food
B) defeating someone or to destroy B) a punishment given by a judge in
something completely court to a person
C) hitting a person repeatedly over a C) the act of killing an animal or
long period of time person and offering them to a god or
D) limiting yourself to doing or using gods
one particular thing and not change D) a set of fixed actions and
to anything else: sometimes words performed
E) doing something unexpected which regularly, especially as part of a
surprises and sometimes worries a ceremony
person E) the process of controlling,
influencing or deciding something
106)
A) pestered 108)
B) complimented A) handed out
C) harnessed B) made out
D) forgave C) left out
E) foresaw D) brought out
E) sorted out
109) C) exclusion
A) avoided D) manipulation
B) reduced E) operation
C) hastened
D) kneeled 112)
E) surpassed A) portray
B) provoke
110) C) increase
A) folk D) simplify
B) advert E) emerge
C) fame
D) commerce 113)
E) puberty A) companions
B) sides
111) C) partners
A) domination D) porters
B) indulgence E) veterans
Mexico's Attorney-General, Rafael Macedo de la Concha, has had a computer chip implanted in his arm
to serve both as an identity device and a tracking mechanism should he be kidnapped. Mr de la Concha
said similar non-removable chips had been inserted under the skin of senior staff in his office and the 160
employees of a new state-of-the-art crime database. Anti-kidnap microchips are already part of crime
mythology in Mexico, where it is estimated there are about 3000 kidnapping cases a year.
114) It is evident from the passage that Mexico's Attorney-General ______________.
A) has received several threats that he will be kidnapped

B) is the first to have such a chip implanted into his body
C) has taken his measure against being kidnapped
D) has contributed greatly to the formation of a new crime database
E) is now equipped with a self-defense mechanism to protect himself
A customer filed a defamation lawsuit against a US convenience store owner after he played a practical
joke on the customer by displaying a fake wanted poster labelling him as a terrorist. The poster,
displayed on the cash register in Maine, bore Brad Graves' picture and the words "assumed to be armed
and dangerous". "In this day and age, anytime one is alleged to be a terrorist and part of a terrorist group,
it does inherent damage to one's reputation," said Graves' attorney, Brett Baber. The owner, Ronald
Hicks, said he removed the poster after learning that Graves was not amused by the joke. Hicks'
attorney, Terence Harrigan, said the lawsuit was "ridiculous" and the prank was a harmless joke.
115) As can be understood from the story above, a practical joke is __________.
A) a joke which makes someone seem foolish

B) a poster that shows someone as a terrorist
C) likely to make even such a funny man as Brad Graves angry
D) something that remains ineffective when serious people are concerned
E) actually a harmless joke at which nobody would get angry
SECTI 8) C 18) B 28) D 38) B 48) E 58) D 68) A 78) C 88) C 98) D 108) E
ON SIX 9) E 19) E 29) E 39) C 49) B 59) E 69) E 79) E 89) A 99) A 109) A
10) D 20) B 30) E 40) E 50) D 60) B 70) B 80) A 90) E 100) B 110) B
1) IV 11) E 21) V 31) D 41) A 51) C 61) C 71) C 81) B 91) D 101) B 111) E
2) II 12) A 22) II 32) A 42) D 52) A 62) E 72) B 82) E 92) C 102) D 112) C
3) III 13) C 23) IV 33) A 43) A 53) B 63) B 73) D 83) D 93) E 103) A 113) B
4) I 14) E 24) I 34) E 44) A 54) A 64) C 74) E 84) A 94) B 104) E 114) C
5) E 15) D 25) III 35) C 45) B 55) B 65) B 75) C 85) B 95) A 105) C 115) A
6) B 16) A 26) E 36) E 46) C 56) C 66) B 76) D 86) D 96) C 106) D
7) A 17) D 27) B 37) D 47) D 57) D 67) C 77) B 87) C 97) D 107) B

Keli̇me Çalişmalari Ve Paragraf

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Keli̇me Çalişmalari Ve Paragraf

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

KELİME ÇALIŞMALARI

Alıştırma1: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.

1) A) render 5) A) would have chosen

Alıştırma 2: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.

2) A) traits 4) A) the others

7) A) therefore 10) A) from

Alıştırma 3: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.

1) The underlined word “marks” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.

2) The underlined word “spotted” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.

3) The underlined word “striking” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.

2) A) inventing 6) The underlined word in the passage is

1) A) which 6) A) she were taking

2) The underlined word in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.

A) hectic B) tedious C) refutable D) utter E) momentary

1) A) invention B) discovery C) process D) maintenance E) solitude

2) A) should be B) will be C) had been D) will have been E) is

3) A) that B) what C) where D) which E) when

4) A) to have found B) to be found C) finding D) to finding E) to find

5) A) insulted B) attained C) deserved D) occurred E) resulted

Alıştırma 9: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.

1) A) on B) from C) along D) across E) throughout

2) A) takes B) sets C) makes D) does E) lives

3) A) like B) such C) once D) so E) as

4) A) scarcely B) seldom C) hardly D) always E) usually

1) A) account B) reality C) appearance D) existence E) form

2) A) nor B) also C) so D) or E) too

3) A) besides B) now that C) in that D) in order to E) because of

5) A) vaguely B) obscurely C) frequently D) miserably E) considerately

Alıştırma11: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.

1) A) has referred B) referred C) has been referred D) referring E) was referring

2) A) processed B) comforted C) reacted D) nourished E) developed

3) A) common B) literal C) absolute D) entire E) tremendous

4) A) effects B) affects C) elections D) denials E) affinities

Alıştırma12: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.

1) A) sparsely B) surprisingly C) rarely D) scarcely E) literally

2) A) compete B) worship C) perpetrate D) demonstrate E) speculate

3) A) control B) extent C) key D) implication E) circulation

4) A) scarcely B) barely C) almost D) none E) widely

5) A) congratulate B) demand C) differ D) range E) interact

Magic: The Most Ancient Science On Earth

10) A) into 13) A) for

11) A) from 14) A) accumulates

Alıştırma 14 1) E 3) A 5) D 7) B 9) E 11) A 13) D

Alıştırma 15: Aşağıdaki parçadaki boşlukları uygun seçeneklerle tamamlayınız.

4) A) for 10) A) possessions

5) A) reared 11) A) not only

6) A) To grow 12) A) thus

Alıştırma 15 1) C 3) A 5) B 7) E 9) C 11) A 13) D

Alıştırma 16: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.

1) A) rather than 3) A) After

8) One can understand from the passage that

A) are the only mammals that

A) only one of them has been

Alıştırma17: 1-B 2-A 3-D7-B 8-A 9-C

Alıştırma 18: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.

Alıştırma 19: Aşağıdaki parçayı uygun seçenekle tamamlayınız.

Alıştırma 20: Koyu halde verilen ifadelerin eş anlamlısını bulunuz.

1) A) The fact that D. H. Lawrence affects everybody’s character

3) A) Lawrence writes poems much better than anybody else.

4) A) He does not take rhyme into consideration.

6) A) Readers are interested in his poetry a lot.

7) A) the first of its type