Test

CLOZE TESTS 1
1. - 5. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 6. - 10. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük
veya ifadeyi bulunuz. veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

The media likes to paint a certain picture of what
it (1)‑‑‑‑ to be rich - huge mansions, expensive
cars and high-tech jobs. If you buy into that
image, being rich (2)‑‑‑‑ like an impossible dream.
But the truth is that most “rich” people live very
normal lives. You probably wouldn’t even know
they were rich (3)‑‑‑‑ you saw them because they
do not fit the stereotype. Most rich people are
a lot like you and me. They just know a secret
(4)‑‑‑‑ is incredibly effective. The secret (5)‑‑‑‑
getting rich is as powerful as it is unexciting: live
below your means.
1.
A) means B) delivers
6.
C) abandons D) reveals
E) affords
The scientists of ancient Greece thought about
knowledge in much the same way (6)‑‑‑‑ the
ancient Greek philosophers. Not only did
scientists believe that the universe operated
(7)‑‑‑‑ mathematical and physical laws, (8)‑‑‑‑
they considered these laws to be discernible
through the careful observation of nature
and application of logic. They thought that all
knowledge was accessible with human reason.
Their (9)‑‑‑‑ to medicine, physics, biology and
mathematics formed the basis of modern science.
(10)‑‑‑‑, many Greek scientists also formulated
theories that anticipated modern scientific
discoveries.
1
A) like B) such
C) more D) as
E) so

2.
MODADİL

A) had to feel
7.
B) could have felt A) in spite of B) unlike
C) had better feel C) apart from D) as well as
D) may feel E) according to
E) used to feel

8.
3. A) since B) unless
A) as long as B) although C) but D) when
C) since D) so that E) as though
E) if
www.modadil.com

9.
4. A) limitations B) outcomes
A) how B) when C) disorders D) enemies
C) whom D) what E) contributions
E) that

10.
5. A) Therefore B) In contrast
A) with B) on C) In addition D) Otherwise
C) to D) by E) By contrast
E) over
 Test

CLOZE TESTS 12
1. - 5. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 6. - 10. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük
veya ifadeyi bulunuz. veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Parents and teachers judge a student’s potential
(1)‑‑‑‑ examinations. Some people believe
that exams are necessary (2)‑‑‑‑ they enable
the teacher to know how well the student has
understood the subject. It is believed that
examinations help both the parents and the
teachers to assess the child’s capability. (3)‑‑‑‑,
there are certain flaws in the examination
system and there are people who think exams
are redundant. They claim that students (4)‑‑‑‑
according to the prescribed syllabus and nothing
much is taught beyond that. It is their belief that
most students look towards their examinations
with an anxious mind. They, at a very young
age, begin to feel the (5)‑‑‑‑ and stress of
examinations.
6.
1.
A) without B) across
Throughout (6)‑‑‑‑ of the history of Western
civilization, deep-seated cultural beliefs allowed
women only (7)‑‑‑‑ roles in society. Women’s
natural roles were as mothers and wives.
Many considered women to be better suited
for childbearing and homemaking (8)‑‑‑‑ for
involvement in the public life of business or
politics. Widespread belief that women were
intellectually inferior (9)‑‑‑‑ men led most societies
to limit women’s education to learning only
domestic skills. (10)‑‑‑‑ women in much of the
world have gained significant legal rights, they
still do not have complete political, economic, and
social equality with men.
23
A) many B) such
C) few D) much

C) beneath D) through E) none

E) above
MODADİL

7.
A) profitable B) empirical
2.
A) unless B) as if C) limited D) willing

C) since D) though E) conscious

E) whereas

8.
A) with respect to
3.
A) Likewise B) However B) rather than

C) In particular D) Therefore C) on account of

E) In other words D) in terms of

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E) in spite of

4.
A) are taught B) teaching 9.
C) have taught D) taught A) to B) for

E) were taught C) upon D) with

E) at

5.
A) enterprise B) prospect 10.
C) recession D) counterpart A) Because B) Since

E) tension C) Once D) Unless

E) Although

CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA
1. - 12. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
1. Everyone knows that kids pick up languages
faster than adults, ‑‑‑‑.
A) so language is a basic feature of human
evolution
B) and thus the word window of your brain is
open much longer than that
C) so that exercise can come with a wide range
of benefits
D) even if they are learning two or three
languages at once
E) unless they offer a new way of conducting
business
2. ‑‑‑‑, so their pilots wear special suits and
helmets.
MODADİL
A) The Wright brothers invented and flew the
first airplane in 1903
B) One the most deadly airplane accidents
actually happened on the ground
C) The oxygen in an airplane’s emergency
oxygen masks lasts for only about 15
minutes
D) There is little air pressure at the heights
where jet airplanes fly
E) The concept of the jet airplane has been
around since about 1910
3. ‑‑‑‑, the history of the modern university really
dates from the Middle Ages.
A) Since most Western universities offered a
main curriculum based on such lessons as
grammar
B) As the Reformation of the 16th century
affected the universities of Europe in different
ways
C) Whereas American colleges and universities
tended to imitate German models
D) Before Great Britain and France established
universities in many of their colonies
E) Although the origins of universities can be
traced to antiquity
Test
1
4. They will be able to realize their goals easily
‑‑‑‑.
A) unless everyone in the team has a clear
understanding of the objectives
B) but there is a willingness to work through
difficult situations
C) after the team reviewed its performance and
changed its priorities
D) if team leaders fail to create a team-oriented
environment based on trust and respect
E) when there is a high degree of cooperation
and communication among teams
25
5. Widely considered by academics to be one
of the most influential inventions of the past
1,000 years, ‑‑‑‑.
A) the printing press triggered the widescale
spread of knowledge
B) Johannes Gutenberg is usually cited as the
inventor of the printing press
C) growing economic wealth and the printing
press accelerated the spread of Renaissance
culture
D) most of the earliest books dealt with religious
subjects
E) any writings and drawings had to be
completed by hand before the printing press
was invented
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6. The molecule DNA was first observed by
a German biochemist named Frederich
Miescher in 1869, ‑‑‑‑.
A) but for many years, researchers did not
realize the importance of this molecule
B) so they have been notably important to the
field of forensic science
C) for the effect of the discovery of DNA on
scientific and medical progress has been
enormous
D) all organisms that inhabit the Earth rely on
this molecule for their existence
E) while the discovery of DNA has perhaps
affected medicine the most

CÜMLE TAMAMLAMA 12
1. - 12. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
1. ‑‑‑‑, it was the only continent without any
agriculture and lacking indigenous crop plants.
A) When European settlement came to Australia
late in the eighteenth century
B) Given that the human inhabitants of Europe
were sufficiently different in brain size about
230,000 years ago
C) Because America had long been settled by
many native tribes
D) Although Antarctica has been the site of a
frantic search for oil
E) After the continents gradually moved to their
current positions over millions of years
2. Up until now, Facebook’s 1.2 billion or so
users have had only two choices to define
themselves: male or female, ‑‑‑‑.
MODADİL
A) therefore, one of Facebook’s software
engineers who worked on the project is going
through a male to female sex change
B) because it reflects the growing influence of
the transgender rights movement in the US
C) unless Facebook makes it possible for
people to be their authentic selves online
D) but now social networkers, initially just in the
US, have a wider range of options
E) since users can also choose whether to be
referred to as “he”, “she” or “they
3. Many involved in research in the field of solar
energy believe that it is just a matter of time
‑‑‑‑.
A) as solar cells convert energy from the Sun
into electricity
B) before it becomes cheaper than coal, gas
and oil, replacing fossil fuels entirely
C) since you could reduce the cost of making
these solar cells overnight
D) though more work needs to be done to see if
the cost savings found in the lab can work on
an industrial scale
E) but the cost of solar energy has been steadily
falling
Test
4. The experts warn that immediate global action
against drug-resistant bacteria is needed ‑‑‑‑.
A) if dire consequences are to be avoided within
just a few years
B) even though bacteria unaffected by
antibiotics are one of the most serious threats
to modern medicine
C) yet they are calling for people across the
world to work together to fight the threat
D) just as it involves cutting down on the
unnecessary prescription of antibiotics
E) although treatments could become
impossible without effective antibiotics
47
5. Any chemical can become a pollutant in water
causing one or more hazardous effects ‑‑‑‑.
A) because it is a relatively recent development
in the planet’s history
B) in case soil and groundwater contain the
residue of human agricultural practices
C) as pollution is one of the signs that humans
have exceeded those limits
D) if it is present at a high enough concentration
E) now that issues with groundwater resources
are difficult to detect
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6. Despite being stripped of his Tour de
France titles last year following a doping
investigation, ‑‑‑‑.
A) the 41-year-old American cyclist said he used
performance enhancing drugs in every Tour
de France contest he won
B) Lance Armstrong, the former cycling
champion, conceded that all the fault and all
the blame lay with him
C) the banned substances he used and blood
transfusions to boost his performance were
of great help to him in the races
D) without them, he said, it would not have been
possible to win
E) Lance Armstrong always denied using drugs
to improve his performance
 Test

OKUMA PARÇALARI 1
2. It is pointed out in the passage that speakers
1. - 3. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
of one language ‑‑‑‑.
cevaplayınız.
A) have difficulty learning another if they are not
The most common process leading to language competent in their own
death is one in which a community of speakers
of one language becomes bilingual in another B) do not sound like those of another when they
language, and gradually shifts allegiance to the speak
second language until they cease to use their C) can gradually replace it with another which
original, heritage language. This is a process they regard as more prestigious
of assimilation which may be voluntary or may
be forced upon a population. Speakers of some D) cause language death unless they are
languages, particularly regional or minority proficient in their own language
languages, may decide to abandon them
E) will decide to learn another when they have a
based on economic or utilitarian grounds, in
legitimate reason to do so
favour of languages regarded as having greater
utility or prestige. This process is gradual and
can occur from either bottom-to-top or top-to-
bottom. If there are only a few elderly speakers
of a language remaining, and they no longer
use that language for communication, then the
language is effectively dead. A language that has 49
reached such a reduced stage of use is generally
considered moribund. Once a language is no
longer a native language—that is, if no children
are being socialised into it as their primary
language—the process of transmission is ended
and the language itself will not survive past the
current generation.
MODADİL

1. It can be understood from the passage that 3. Language death often occurs when ‑‑‑‑.
‑‑‑‑. A) younger generations do not prefer using their
A) governments in developing countries have native language outside their native land
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tried to promote language death to gain
political ends
B) attempts to slow or reverse language death
are still underway in many languages
C) a moribund language is on the brink of
extinction with only a few elderly speakers
D) language death is usually a sudden event,
which mainly affects bilingual speakers
E) the problem of language death is not as
important as the loss of biological diversity
B) languages with a few speakers are wiped out
by genocide, disease or natural disasters
C) no one writes any poems or songs using their
heritage language
D) a population goes through a voluntary or
enforced process of assimilation
E) a region where a language is spoken by a
handful of people is invaded by an enemy
force
 Test

OKUMA PARÇALARI 24
2. According to the study in the passage, ‑‑‑‑.
1. - 3. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre
cevaplayınız. A) water temperatures do not have a
measurable impact on the swimmers’
Many swimmers experience intense feelings of appetite.
hunger after completing their laps, often more so
than after other equally vigorous cardiovascular B) participants who stood outside the pool ate
workouts. The main reason for an increased more than those who spent time swimming
feeling of hunger and weight loss after swimming C) some people go to pool aiming to lose weight
involves the temperature of the water. Swimming instead of enjoying their time
in colder water will burn more calories since the
body expends calories to keep itself warm as D) pool temperatures should not be any lower
well as to keep swimming. Depending on your than 20°C for a pleasurable swimming
body weight, you can burn anywhere from 250 to experience
more than 400 calories for every half-hour of light
E) subjects who spent more than half an hour
intensity swimming, according to the American
swimming burned more than those who did
Council on Exercise. As the intensity of the swim
not
increases, so does the caloric expenditure. A
half-hour of vigorous swimming, for example,
can burn as many as 600 calories. A 2005 study
conducted by University of Florida researchers
and published in the “International Journal 95
of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism”
showed that water temperature affects swimmers’
appetites. Study participants swam for 45 minutes
in a pool of 20°C. After swimming, the participants
ate 40 percent more than the control group.
MODADİL

1. Why do swimmers burn more and more 3. The main purpose of the passage is to ‑‑‑‑.
calories as the water gets colder?
A) provide a variety of scientific studies to
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A) The body starts shaking. support the theory that swimming is better
than other vigorous workouts
B) They start swimming faster.
B) compare the cardiovascular workouts and
C) They do not eat as much. swimming in terms of the calories burned
D) The muscles contract more easily. during each

E) The body tries to keep warm. C) inform the reader about how many calories
they should consume after a regular session
of swimming
D) explain the connection between the water
temperature and the increased feeling of
hunger after swimming
E) reveal the role of swimming in weight loss
and in the reduction of obesity rates

3.
1. - 8. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi
bulunuz.
1. Roger:
– I don’t like the fact that spring is coming.
Hannah:
– Oh, come on! Everybody loves spring. It is
the season of renewal and regeneration,
and it has a positive effect on people.
Roger:
– ‑‑‑‑
Hannah:
– Oh, I didn’t know that. If that’s the case, I
can’t blame you for not being enthusiastic
about spring.
A) Of course, it does. That’s why everybody is
so enthusiastic about this season.
B) You can’t speak for everyone. There are
many people out there who loves other
seasons more than they love spring.
C) There is one thing you are missing there.
I am allergic to pollens, which makes the
whole spring a miserable time for me.
MODADİL
D) But I believe that there are some very
beneficial aspects of spring on humans as
well as on other living things.
E) With the global warming intensifying,
the seasons of spring and fall are slowly
disappearing.
4.
2. William:
– I am so furious right now. I can’t believe that
just happened.
Beatrice:
– What’s the matter? What happened?
William:
– I was working on my essay, and I was
almost done when there was a power cut. I
don’t think I saved the document.
Beatrice:
– ‑‑‑‑
A) Power cuts are so rare these days. I wonder
whether they made improvements in the
infrastructure.
B) That tells me why you are so excited right
now. But you have to wait until you see your
grade.
C) I am sorry that your computer just crashed.
You need to take it to repair center, and see
what they can do.
D) The essay is supposed to be at least 500
words and makes up 20% of your final grade.
E) Oh no, that’s not good. If only you had a
backup generator.
Test
DİYALOG 1
Lucy:
– ‑‑‑‑-
Helen:
– Interesting. What about you, yourself? Can
you tell what your next step would be in a
given situation?
Lucy:
– Not really. I’m an unpredictable person. I’m
just good at guessing what others would
do.
Helen:
– So, let me see if get this right: you’re saying
you can guess what others would do next,
but you can’t do the same with yourself.
A) People tend to overestimate their own
generosity, which is not surprising at all.
B) Some people are very easy to be friends
with, whereas others strike me as very cold. 97
C) Praise is very important in education, but if
you overuse it, its effect just fades away.
D) Don’t you think it is interesting that some
people are so naive and can easily be
deceived?
E) Some people are so predictable. I can tell
what they are going to do next in a particular
situation.
Alice:
– Schizophrenia is associated with an
increased risk of other health problems
including heart disease, diabetes, and
suicide.
Susan:
– This association between schizophrenia and
poor physical health is well-established.
Alice:
– ‑‑‑‑
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Susan:
– Exactly. It has an undeniable effect.
A) So, that could explain why people with
schizophrenia live about 10 to 20 years less
than people without it
B) At the turn of the 20th century, doctors were
willing to prescribe many questionable
remedies.
C) Schizophrenia is not as common as other
mental disorders.
D) Symptoms of schizophrenia usually start
between ages 16 and 30.
E) However, there are many people who have
schizophrenia who don’t have a family
member with the disorder.

3.
1. - 8. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi
bulunuz.
1. Helen:
– Do you think women are good bosses?
Chuck:
– Define ‘good’, and I’ll answer your question.
Helen:
– ‑‑‑‑
Chuck:
– Then, yes, they are. I mean it is known that
women, in general, have a relatively higher
emotional intelligence and level of empathy.
A) I believe they make much better bosses
than men although there are, of course,
exceptions.
B) Good as in the sense of treating their
employees with respect and being more
caring about their needs.
C) They are getting more and more powerful
in business, overcoming decades of heavy
discrimination.
D) Employers sometimes ignore the better
MODADİL
performances of women, just because they
are women.
E) It is good that you’ve brought this up. I
think men perform better than women in
administrative positions.
4.
2. Saul:
– ‑‑‑‑
Taylor:
– It is true that those dominate the
contemporary news, but how else can you
stay informed?
Saul:
– That’s the point. I don’t want to be informed
about them anymore. It’s nothing but heart-
breaking stuff.
Taylor:
– Well, I can’t blame you. They don’t include
nearly as much heart-warming stuff.
A) Utmost importance should be given to the
accuracy of news item presented to the
public.
B) Journalists should not have to reveal their
sources when they run a story.
C) News bulletins are relatively short today
when compared to a decade ago.
D) Do you believe in anything you hear in the
mainstream media?
E) I don’t want to watch the news anymore,
because all the violence, wars, conflicts and
crimes make me sick.
Test
DİYALOG 12
Sam:
– I don’t seem to be able to memorize the new
vocabulary items I learn in French classes.
Peter:
– ‑‑‑‑
Sam:
– How does it contribute to the memorization
process?
Peter:
– The more you are exposed to a new word
in a meaningful context, the higher your
chances are in transferring it to your long-
term memory.
A) Memorizing the word itself does not make
much sense when it comes to learning a new
language.
B) I wish you had chosen a different language,
which is much easier to learn. 119
C) Learning the meaning of a word is only one
part of the journey. You should also be able
to use it efficiently when you need it.
D) You know the best solution to that problem
is to constantly expose yourself to newly-
learned vocabulary in a meaningful context.
E) Don’t worry about it. The process of
memorization does not follow the same
pattern in everyone.
Sam:
– ‑‑‑‑
Peter:
– That’s right. It’s not often that I choose to go
to the cinema to watch a movie.
Sam:
– I’m guessing you don’t like watching
movies.
Peter:
www.modadil.com
– It’s not that. I believe there are movies that
should be watched at a movie theatre, and
there are those you can watch on your TV
screen.
A) I couldn’t help but notice that you only
occasionally join us when we go to the
cinema.
B) There are many great movies coming up this
summer.
C) I don’t like watching the trailer of a movie,
because it sometimes kills the excitement.
D) I really envy those people who wait until the
end of a TV series, and then binge-watch all
the episodes.
E) Much more money is spent on the production
of movies today than the past.

YAKIN ANLAM
3.
1. - 8. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en
yakın cümleyi bulunuz.
1. People desiring to sell their home often need
help getting their home to look great before
they put it on the market.
A) People try to sell their home without making
any improvements, so when they cannot sell
it, they need advice.
B) A home that looks great is more likely to be
sold than that without any maintenance, and
this is where many people generally need
help.
C) People who want to get rid of their house
quickly try to make it look better than it
actually is, and they use professional help
with that.
D) Those who want to sell their house are
usually in need of help for making it look
great before it is put out for sale.
E) Many homes on the market are not actually
as nice as they seem on the pictures,
because people selling them make them look
perfect.
MODADİL
2. Many people want to get fit but are intimidated 4.
by the thought of starting on their own.
A) A number of people would like to be fit, yet
the idea of starting alone scares them.
B) Getting in shape is important for some
people, but they do not want to do it by
themselves.
C) What is scary for anyone who wants to get fit
is that usually there is no one to help them.
D) The idea of working out to get fit could
frighten many people.
E) Plenty of people are intimidated by the idea
of working out to get fit.
Test
1
The term “Western culture” defines the
culture of European countries as well as
those that have been heavily influenced by
European immigration, such as the United
States.
A) The phrase “Western culture” describes
various cultural and ethnic groups living
in Europe and in countries that are under
European influence, including the United
States.
B) When we say “Western culture,” we talk
about countries with a culture that is very
similar to those of the European countries
and the culture of European immigrants living
in the United States.
C) The term “Western culture” was coined by
European immigrants to the United States to
refer to the customs and traditions they had
when they lived in Europe.
121
D) The concept of “Western culture” not only
refers to the European cultures but also to
those that have been profoundly affected by
European immigration, including the United
States.
E) The use of the term “Western culture” to refer
to the culture of European countries and that
of the United States has become popular as
a result of the heavy immigration between
the two.
London’s theatres were closed in 1593
because of an outbreak of a deadly disease
called the bubonic plague.
A) The sudden onset of a fatal illness named
the bubonic plague caused the theatres in
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London to be closed in 1593.
B) During the bubonic plague that broke out in
London in 1593, many theatres could not
attract anybody.
C) Despite the epidemic of the bubonic plague
in 1593, theatres in London remained open
as long as they could.
D) London’s theatres had to be closed in 1593
due to a serious of deadly diseases, including
the bubonic plague.
E) The bubonic plague that arrived in England
in 1593 quickly spread to London, causing
many public places to shut down like
theatres.

YAKIN ANLAM 12
1. - 8. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en
yakın cümleyi bulunuz.
1. Despite the fact that humans like associating
Venus with things of beauty, it has an eerie
red landscape with thick clouds that block the
sunlight.
A) There are enormous clouds in Venus that
let only a small beam of sunlight go through,
making it a scary red place; even so, people
have a favourable idea about the planet.
B) The relationship between Venus and things
of beauty is arbitrary, as the planet is a scary
red landscape with massive clouds and little
to no sunlight.
C) Although the planet of Venus is associated
with beauty, it is mostly a barren planet, with
almost no sunshine because of the clouds
blocking it.
D) Venus has a creepy red scenery, in which the
sunlight is obstructed by dense clouds, yet
humans are in favour of attributing it to things
of beautiful nature.
E) Because there is no sunlight reaching the
surface of Venus due to thick clouds, it has
MODADİL
a scary red landscape, which is in shark
contrast with the idea of associating Venus
with beauty.
2. Since the invention of the telescope in the
1600s, we have learned that there is more to
the universe than meets the eye.
A) We invented the telescope in the 1600s,
and thanks to that, we gradually learned the
universe is much bigger than it first seemed.
B) The telescope was invented in the 1600s,
and since then we have gathered that the
universe has more to offer than is first
apparent.
C) The invention of the telescope in the 1600s
corresponded with the realization that the
universe is expanding faster than the eye can
see.
D) We have started learning more about the
universe than ever before since the invention
of the telescope in the 1600s.
E) Thanks to the invention of the telescope
in the 1600s, humankind was no longer
dependent only on their naked eye to learn
about the workings of the universe.
Test
3. Languages appear to be dying at an ever
increasing rate and a significant proportion of
the languages currently spoken are likely to
die within the current century.
A) More and more languages seem to be
going extinct, and an important share of
the languages that are now in use might be
extinct before the end of this century.
B) Language death seems to be gaining more
importance than before, because a large
number of languages are on the point of
extinction before the end of the century.
C) During the last few centuries, many
indigenous languages have vanished, and
apparently they will continue to disappear
throughout this century.
D) It appears that the number of languages that
are dying is increasing, giving rise to the
possibility that all human languages might 143
face extinction within this century.
E) A great portion of languages that are being
spoken around the world is under the threat
of extinction, which is a significant challenge
to overcome within this century.
4. Ancient Egyptians believed the cardiocentric
hypothesis, which stated that the heart was
the seat of consciousness rather than the
brain.
A) Consciousness was widely believed to be
controlled by the heart instead of the brain,
according to the cardiocentric hypothesis put
forward by Ancient Egyptians.
www.modadil.com
B) The decisions that came from the heart were
regarded as conscious in Ancient Egypt,
where people believed in the cardiocentric
hypothesis.
C) According to Ancient Egyptians who believed
in the cardiocentric hypothesis, the brain was
in a superior position to the heart in terms of
consciousness.
D) The role of the brain in consciousness was
fiercely debated by Ancient Egyptians,
who tended to think that the cardiocentric
hypothesis could not have been valid.
E) Cardiocentric hypothesis suggested
consciousness was located in the heart,
not in the brain, which was what people of
Ancient Egypt believed.
 Test

DURUMA UYGUN DÜŞEN İFADE 1

3.
1. - 8. sorularda, verilen durumda söylenmiş
olabilecek sözü bulunuz.
1. One of your close friends always asks you
for advice on different matters. However,
he always ends up ignoring what you
recommend, doing what he has originally
had in his mind. Seeing that, you decide not
to offer any help. So, next time he asks for
advice, you say: ‑‑‑‑
A) Although I know you are going to do as you
wish, I think I might have a couple of ideas
on what you can do.
B) What I am going to say is not going to make
any difference for you anyway. So, you are
on your own, buddy!
At a job interview for a company based in
South America, you were asked about your
proficiency level in Spanish. Although you
only have a basic understanding of the
language, you are willing to work on it to
improve your skills. So you say: ‑‑‑‑
A) I am good at conversational Spanish, so I
can easily understand daily communications.
B) I strongly feel that my proficiency level in
Spanish is irrelevant in this job interview.
C) I can say that I am comfortable with Spanish,
so I would be happy to help others improve
their skills.
D) It has been a very long time since the last
time I used Spanish in my daily life.

C) Finally, you’ve decided to come to me for E) I could be considered as a beginner in

advice. I don’t know what took you so long. Spanish, but it is something I really wish to

D) Well, I can help you with and I want to, but I’ll
focus on. 145
do it if you promise to do as I say, and don’t
ask any questions.
E) We’ve been close friends for a long time, but
I am sick and tired of you asking my help for
every little problem in your life.
MODADİL

2. You are an English teacher, grading the
essays of your students. The essay of one
particular student has a lot of grammar and
spelling mistakes, although the ideas and
thoughts are effectively organized. When
giving feedback, you want to point out the
aspects that can be improved in his writing,
but you do not want to discourage her. So,
you say: ‑‑‑‑
A) It took me some time to understand you are
trying to say in your writing because many
words are unintelligible with frequent spelling
errors.
4. You go to a restaurant for your lunch break
and order food. It has been 45 minutes, but
your food has not been served yet. Your break
time is almost over now, and because you
have things to do, you need to leave now. So
you signal at the server and say politely: ‑‑‑‑
A) You should have told me that the food would
take so long. You can’t keep your customers
waiting like this.
B) The reason is I’ve decided to come here
today is that this restaurant is known for its
fast service.
C) Hey, do you think my food will coming up
www.modadil.com

B) I read you essay, and I must say I enjoyed it

within the next two days?
a lot, especially because you organized it in
such a way that the transitions between ideas D) I’d like to cancel my order please. I have stuff
are easy to follow. to take care of, and the food has taken too
long.
C) Your essay is beautifully written in terms
of the organization of ideas and thought. I E) You don’t have to tell me excuses. I know
think you can be much better at it if you pay what you are going to say anyway; it’s always
particular attention to your grammar and the kitchen’s fault!
spelling.
D) There are so many things in your essay
that need revising, so next time you submit
an essay, make sure you have properly
organized your ideas and done a spell check.
E) Although you have an advanced
understanding of grammar and word
formation, your essay lacks coherence as
most of the ideas are left up in the air.

DURUMA UYGUN DÜŞEN İFADE 12
3.
1. - 8. sorularda, verilen durumda söylenmiş
olabilecek sözü bulunuz.
1. One of your co-workers is very sick and looks
pale. You think she needs to some rest. So,
you offer to cover for her for the day: ‑‑‑‑
A) You should go home and rest. I’ll take care of
the things here today.
B) If I’d known, I would have covered for you
for the day so that you could have had some
rest.
C) We only have a couple of hours to go home.
Just hang in there.
D) It must be very hard for you to work like this.
Tell me if you need any help.
E) You shouldn’t have come to work. You’re
going to make everybody sick.
MODADİL
4.
2. You are going to New York City to see the city
and enjoy the tourist attractions there. So,
when asked about the purpose of your trip
during the visa interview, you say: ‑‑‑‑
A) I’m not planning to stay there. I’m just going
to change planes at the airport.
B) I’m planning to apply for a couple of
universities for a Master’s degree.
C) I’ve always wanted to visit New York. And it is
possible now thanks to this conference.
D) As part of my job, I’m planning to attend the
international book fair which will be held
there.
E) I want to do some sightseeing around the city
and visit cultural and historical places.
Test
As a journalist, you feel it is your duty to
cover the events objectively and in unbiased
way. So, during a university conference
held for students of journalism, you say to
prospective journalists: ‑‑‑‑
A) It could be very difficult to be objective at
times, and no one will tell you that at the
university.
B) As soon as you graduate from the university
and start working as journalists, you will find
yourselves in a corrupt world.
C) It is true that some journalists are getting
ultra-rich by serving the interests of the
powerful people.
D) As future journalists, you should be dedicated
to report about the events in a fair and
objective manner.
E) You can never be completely objective,
because we are only human with our own
167
beliefs and ideas.
One of your students studying English is
very good at grammar, but she does not have
a large vocabulary. Because of that, she’s
having trouble correctly answering questions.
So, when she asks you why she can’t the
questions right, you want to explain this to
her and give her advice: ‑‑‑‑
A) Obviously, you are very good at questions
that test your grammar, whereas you fail
those that require a good understanding of
vocabulary.
www.modadil.com
B) In order to find the correct answer, simply
understanding the text is not enough. You
should also have a good command of
grammar.
C) I’ll give you a book containing thousands of
questions. Finish that book, and we’ll talk
again.
D) I believe you already know what the problem
here is. I would focus more on my listening
skills if I were.
E) Look, the problem here is not the grammar.
Instead, it is your knowledge of vocabulary.
You need to do a lot more reading to improve
it.

PARAGRAF TAMAMLAMA
1. - 8. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere,
parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
1. Anthropologists have brought together the
little they know about the history of left-
handedness and right-handedness from
indirect evidence. ‑‑‑‑ Prehistoric pictures
painted on the walls of caves provide further
clues to the handedness of ancient people.
A right-hander finds it easier to draw faces
of people and animals facing toward the left,
whereas a left-hander finds it easier to draw
faces facing toward the right. Both kinds of
faces have been found in ancient paintings.
A) The link between left-handers and creativity
is a longstanding myth.
B) There is no hard scientific evidence that
handedness has anything to do with
leadership skills.
C) Though early men and women did not leave
written records, they did leave tools, bones,
and pictures.
D) There have been lots of reports over the
years about various animals showing hand
MODADİL
preference.
E) Humans are not the only members of the
animal kingdom that show handedness.
2. ‑‑‑‑ The most popular theory is that one or
more asteroids or comets hit the earth, lifting
massive amounts of debris and sulfur in the
air and blocking the sunlight from reaching
the earth’s surface. The 1991 discovery of the
Chicxulub crater on the Yucatán peninsula
in Mexico lent support to this idea. The
second currently popular theory is that
the extinctions followed the huge volcanic
eruptions that created the lava flows of the
Deccan Traps in what is now India.
A) Fossil records show that dinosaurs definitely
had snouts with razor sharp teeth.
B) Many scientists say the impact of an asteroid
caused many dinosaurs to vanish.
C) Many explanations have been offered for the
worldwide extinction of the dinosaurs.
D) The asteroid impact that wiped out the
dinosaurs caused temperatures to rise by
5°C.
E) Dinosaur fossils have even been discovered
in Antarctica and North America, but could
they really survive polar conditions?
Test
1
3. In our modern cities, we barely notice the
fantastic abundance and intensity of human-
made colour. ‑‑‑‑ Much of this spreading sea
of colour has no real function other than to
attract attention to itself. Unlike nature, where
every colour has gradually evolved over time
to fulfil some precise utilitarian purpose, we
spread colour around because we like it and
we can.
A) This is perhaps because, with so much
colour around us, we have grown used to its
passing pleasure.
B) Blue is the colour of trust and peace, and it
can also suggest loyalty and integrity.
C) Our biological inheritance, perhaps at an
unconscious level, still causes certain colours
to attract or repel us.
D) The meaning of colours can vary depending
on culture and circumstances. 169
E) Orange combines the energy of red and
the happiness of yellow, and supposedly
increases oxygen supply to the brain.
4. Language is made up of a number of different
components. Phonetics deals with the
sounds of particular words, and how they are
produced and understood. ‑‑‑‑ There are 107
distinct sounds in it, plus a large number of
modifiers that can be applied according to
accents and intonation.
A) Linguists have developed a phonetic
alphabet of speech sounds that is
www.modadil.com
independent of any particular language.
B) Speaking a foreign language can help you
give an added advantage in your career
if you work for an international firm with
international customers.
C) Meanwhile, syntax is the name linguists give
to the rules of grammar – how individual
words are put together to form sentences.
D) If you like literature, films or music from other
countries, learning the language will help
your appreciation and understanding.
E) In general, the more similar a language is
to your own in terms of sounds, grammar or
vocabulary, the easier you will find it to learn.

PARAGRAF TAMAMLAMA 12
1. - 8. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere,
parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için
getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
1. ‑‑‑‑ Underdeveloped countries need aid to
provide finance for development projects; to
provide foreign exchange with which imports
for development purpose can be bought;
and to provide the trained manpower and
technical knowledge they lack. The motives
of the donor are not always humanitarian.
Aid can take a military form; it can be
used to support an incompetent or unjust
government.
A) Major donors’ aid to developing countries fell
by nearly 3% in 2011, breaking a long trend
of annual increases.
B) Both the quantity and quality of foreign aid
have been poor and donor nations have not
been held to account.
C) Between 2001 and 2004, there was a
continual increase in aid, but much of it due
to geo-strategic concerns of the donor.
D) Aid to underdeveloped countries takes many
forms and it is given for many reasons.
MODADİL
E) Third World countries are in transition from
traditional lifestyles towards the modern
lifestyle.
2. Society is, regrettably, less interested in
the individual than in the position which he
occupies. One almost never asks a person
“Who are you?”, but one constantly asks
“What do you do?” ‑‑‑‑ This classification
process, called social differentiation, goes
on in all societies. Women as a class have a
status distinct from that of men, and children
have a status unlike that of adults.
A) A society can also consist of like-minded
people governed by their own norms and
values within a dominant, larger society.
B) For one reason or another, people are
separated into various categories which
determine the roles they are to play in
society.
C) In order of increasing size and complexity,
there are bands, tribes, chiefdoms, and state
societies.
D) The main form of food production in such
societies is the daily collection of wild plants
and the hunting of wild animals.
E) As a result, they do not build permanent
villages or create a wide variety of artifacts,
and usually only form small groups such as
bands and tribes.
Test
3. Those who visit the Mediterranean are
invariably impressed with its unity.
Everywhere it is the same, for the shades
of difference here is less important than
the resemblances. ‑‑‑‑ In these respects the
Mediterranean is very different from either
central Europe, or high tablelands of Asia,
the Syrian and Saharan deserts, or even the
Atlantic Ocean.
A) Two of the most notable Mediterranean
civilisations in classical antiquity were the
Greek city states and the Phoenicians.
B) Several ancient civilisations, for example,
were located around the Mediterranean
shores.
C) However, the Mediterranean is characterised
and immediately recognised by its deep blue
colour.
D) Yet this unity is the result of aggressive 191
contrast; sea and mountain, sea and desert,
sea and ocean.
E) The Mediterranean basin and sea system
was established by the ancient African-
Arabian continent colliding with the Eurasian
continent.
4. The fact that the brain is divided into a left
and a right half is not a recent discovery. ‑‑‑‑
What is interesting about this division in man
is that each half seems to have developed
specialised functions, the left side appearing
to be better at some tasks and the right side
better at others. The most obvious difference
in functioning is that the left side of the brain
receives sensations from and controls the
right side of the body and vice versa.
www.modadil.com
A) Once the skull is removed, the division is
obvious to the naked eye and it is a common
feature of brains in the animal kingdom.
B) Physiologically, the function of the brain is
to exert centralized control over the other
organs of the body.
C) The shape and size of the brain varies
greatly in different species, and identifying
common features is often difficult.
D) The most obvious difference between the
brains of mammals and other vertebrates is
in terms of size.
E) The brain does not simply grow, but rather
develops in an intricately orchestrated
sequence of stages.

İNGİLİZCE-TÜRKÇE ÇEVİRİ
3.
1. - 8. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.
1. In the field of health, between 1990 and 2000,
conditions generally improved in almost all
Arab countries, thanks to the investments
made by the local governments.
A) 1990 ve 2000 yılları arasında yerel
hükümetler tarafından yapılan yatırımlara
bağlı olarak, sağlık koşulları neredeyse bütün
Arap ülkelerinde ciddi oranda iyileştirildi.
B) Sağlık alanındaki koşullar yerel hükümetlerin
yaptıkları yatırımlar sayesinde, 1990 ve 2000
yılları arasında Arap ülkelerinin genelinde
değişime uğradı.
C) Yerel hükümetlerin bireysel olarak
yaptıkları yatırımlar sonucunda, 1990 ve
2000 yıllarında sağlık alanındaki koşullar
neredeyse bütün Arap ülkelerinde genel
itibariyle gelişim gösterdi.
D) Yerel hükümetler tarafından yapılan yatırımlar
sayesinde, 1990 ve 2000 yılları arasında
sağlık alanındaki koşullar hemen hemen
bütün Arap ülkelerinde genel olarak iyileşti.
E) Yerel hükümetler tarafından yapılan
MODADİL
yatırımların yanı sıra, 1990 ve 2000 yılları
arasında aşağı yukarı bütün Arap ülkelerinde
sağlık alanındaki koşullarda değişim
gözlendi.
4.
2. Normalization of relations between Armenia
and Turkey would be possible only if the
Armenian and Turkish people could treat each
other as a friend.
A) Ermenistan ile Türkiye arasındaki ilişkilerin
normalleşmesi, ancak Ermeni ve Türk halkları
birbirine dostane bakabilirse mümkün olur.
B) Birbirine dostane bakabilmeyi öğrenen
Ermenistan ile Türkiye, aralarındaki ilişkilerin
normalleşmesini sağlamak için adımlar attı.
C) Ermeniler ile Türkler arasındaki ilişki normale
döndü ancak iki ülkenin de birbirlerine dostane
bakabilmeyi içselleştirmesi gerekiyor.
D) Ermenistan ile Türkiye arasındaki ilişkilerin
normalleşmesini mümkün kılmak için önce
Ermeni ve Türk halklarının da birbirine dostane
bakabilmesi gerekiyor.
E) Aralarındaki ilişkiyi normale dönüştüren
Ermenistan ve Türkiye, öncelikle birbirine
dostane bakabilmeyi başarmalıdır.
Test
1
Plagued by internal instability and attacked
by various migrating peoples, the western
part of the empire broke up into independent
kingdoms in the 5th century.
A) İmparatorluğun batı yakası, iç istikrarsızlıklar
ve çeşitli göçmen toplulukların yarattığı
çalkantıların ardından 5. yüzyılda bağımsız
krallıklar tarafından parçalandı.
B) İç istikrarsızlıktan zarar gören ve çeşitli
göçmen toplulukların saldırısına uğrayan
imparatorluğun batı yakası 5. yüzyılda
bağımsız krallıklara bölündü.
C) İç istikrarsızlığın başa bela olması ve çeşitli
göçmen toplulukların sürekli saldırıları
yüzünden imparatorluk 5. yüzyıl civarında
bağımsız krallıklara ayrıldı.
D) İmparatorluğun batı yakası, iç istikrarsızlıklar
ve çeşitli göçmen toplulukların yarattığı
çalkantı yüzünden 5. yüzyılda bağımsız 193
krallıklar tarafından bölüşüldü.
E) İç istikrarsızlıktan dolayı başı belada olan
ve çeşitli göçmen topluluklarının saldırdığı
imparatorluğun batı yakası 5. yüzyılda
bağımsız bir krallığa dönüştü.
The goals of archaeology vary, and there is a
debate as to what its aims and responsibilities
are.
A) Arkeolojinin amaçları değiştirilmektedir ve
ayrıca onun hedeflerinin ve sorumluluklarının
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ne olduğu konusu da tartışılmaktadır.
B) Arkeolojinin amaçları değişmektedir
ve bu yüzden onun hedeflerinin ve
sorumluluklarının ne olduğu konusu da
tartışılır.
C) Hedeflerinin ve sorumluluklarının ne olduğu
hala tartışılan arkeolojinin en temel amaçları
değişmektedir.
D) Arkeolojinin amaçları sürekli değişmektedir,
yoksa hedeflerinin ve sorumluluklarının ne
olduğu konusu sürekli tartışılırdı.
E) Arkeolojinin amaçları çeşitlilik göstermektedir
ve hedefleri ile sorumluluklarının ne olduğu
hakkında bir tartışma mevcuttur.

İNGİLİZCE-TÜRKÇE ÇEVİRİ 12
1. - 8. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.
1. During the initial stages of Ancient Roman
architecture, marble was used as the primary
building material but soon this was replaced
by concrete.
A) Beton yerine Antik Roma mimarisinin ilk
evrelerinde esas yapı materyali olarak
mermer kullanılmıştı.
B) Antik Roma mimarisinin ilk evreleri boyunca,
mermer temel yapı materyali olarak kullanıldı
ama kısa süre içinde beton bunun yerini aldı.
C) Mermer, daha sonra yerine beton
geçene kadar Antik Roma mimarisinin ilk
dönemlerinde esas yapı materyali olarak
kullanılmıştı.
D) Antik Roma mimarisi esas yapı materyali
olarak uzun bir süre mermeri kullandı
ama sonrada beton kaçınılmaz bir şekilde
mermerin yerini aldı.
E) Antik Romalı mimarlar ilk başlarda esas bina
materyali olarak mermeri kullandılar ama
sonradan betona geçiş yaptılar.
MODADİL
2. Through its policies, the European Union
aims to give young people more opportunities
in education and the job market, and to make
sure that they can participate fully in all areas
of society.
A) Avrupa Birliği, gençlere eğitim ve iş
piyasasında daha fazla fırsat vermeyi ve
toplumun her alanına tam olarak katılmalarını
sağlamayı hedefleyen politikalar izlemektedir.
B) Toplumun her alanına gençlerin tam olarak
katılmalarını sağlamak için Avrupa Birliği
eğitim ve iş piyasasında gençlere daha fazla
fırsat vermeyi planlamaktadır.
C) Gençlere eğitim ve iş piyasasında daha
fazla fırsat vermeyi hedefleyen Avrupa Birliği
toplumun alanına gençlerin tam olarak
katılmalarını sağlamayı hedeflemektedir.
D) Gençlere eğitim ve iş piyasasında daha fazla
fırsat vermek için Avrupa Birliği toplumun her
alanına gençlerin tam olarak katılmalarını
sağlayacak politikalar üzerinde çalışmaktadır.
E) Avrupa Birliği, politikaları sayesinde
gençlere eğitim ve iş piyasasında daha fazla
fırsat vermeyi ve gençlerin toplumun her
alanına tam olarak katılmalarını sağlamayı
hedeflemektedir.
Test
3. Despite their brilliant track record, several
European Union countries are currently
facing unprecedented outbreaks of vaccine-
preventable diseases due to insufficient
vaccination rates.
A) Çoğu Avrupa Birliği ülkesi, yetersiz aşılama
oranlarına sahip olduğu için şu anda aşıyla
önlenebilir hastalıkların benzeri görülmemiş
salgınlarıyla uğraşmaktadır.
B) Yetersiz aşılama oranlarına sahip pek
çok Avrupa Birliği ülkesi, mükemmel
sicili olmasına rağmen, aşıyla önlenebilir
hastalıkların benzeri görülmemiş salgınlarıyla
mücadele etmektedir.
C) Mükemmel sicillerine rağmen, birçok
Avrupa Birliği ülkesi yetersiz aşılama
oranları nedeniyle şu anda aşıyla önlenebilir
hastalıkların benzeri görülmemiş salgınlarıyla
karşı karşıyadır.
215
D) Aşıyla önlenebilir hastalıkların benzeri
görülmemiş salgınlarıyla karşı karşıya kalan
bazı Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri, mükemmel
sicili olmasına rağmen, yetersiz aşılama
oranlarına sahiptir.
E) Sayısız Avrupa Birliği ülkesi, yetersiz aşılama
oranlarından mustarip olduğu için şu anda
aşıyla önlenebilir hastalıkların benzeri
görülmemiş salgınlarına göğüs germektedir.
4. Monarchy is a type of government in which a
king or queen is recognized as the head of a
country, even though he or she may have no
real power.
A) Monarşi, bir kral ya da kraliçenin ülkenin başı
olarak kabul edilmesine rağmen ne kralın
ne de kraliçenin o ülkede gerçek güce sahip
www.modadil.com
olamayabileceği bir yönetim şeklidir.
B) Yönetim şekli monarşi olan ülkelerde, bir
kral ya da kraliçe ülkenin başı olarak kabul
edilmektedir ancak kral ya da kraliçe gerçek
güce sahip olmayabilir.
C) Bir kral ya da kraliçenin ülkenin başı
olarak kabul edildiği bir yönetim şekli olan
monarşide kral ya da kraliçe gerçek güce tam
anlamıyla sahip olmayabilir.
D) Monarşi, bir kral ya da kraliçenin gerçek güce
sahip olmayabilmesine rağmen ülkenin başı
olarak kabul edildiği bir yönetim şeklidir.
E) Bir kral ya da kraliçenin ülkenin gerçek güce
tam anlamıyla sahip olmayabildiği bir yönetim
şekli olan monarşide kral ya da kraliçe
ülkenin başı olarak kabul edilmektedir.

TÜRKÇE-İNGİLİZCE ÇEVİRİ
3.
1. - 8. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
1. Araştırmalar net bir şekilde erkekler ve
kadınların genel zekâda eşit olduğunu
göstermektedir ama konu duygusal zekâya
gelince durum böyle değildir.
A) What research clearly reveals is that
men and women do not differ in general
intelligence, but as for emotional intelligence,
there are variations.
B) According to the different surveys, men
and women are clearly equal in general
intelligence although there are undeniable
differences between them as to emotional
intelligence.
C) Experiments indicate that there are no
differences between men and women in
general intelligence, whereas in emotional
intelligence women outscore men.
D) Studies show unequivocally that men and
women are equal in general intelligence,
but that is not the case when it comes to
emotional intelligence.
E) Men and women are shown to be precisely
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equal in general intelligence, but that is not
the case as far as emotional intelligence is
concerned.
4.
2. Birçok insanın yaşamında dinin oynadığı
temel rol düşünüldüğünde, birçok konunun
bu bağlamda tartışılması şaşırtıcı değildir.
A) When the primary role that religion plays in
the lives of many people is considered, many
topics are unsurprisingly discussed in that
text.
B) It is not surprising when people think that a
wide range of fundamental topics should be
discussed in religious discourse.
C) Because of the dominant role religion plays
in many people’s lives, many topics are
discussed within the framework of religion.
D) Considering religion as the essence of life
unsurprisingly leads many people to discuss
many issues in that particular context.
E) Given the fundamental role that religion
plays in the lives of many people, it is not
surprising that many topics are discussed in
that context.
Test
1
Antik zamanlarda bile denizciler dünyanın
yuvarlak olduğunu biliyordu ve âlimler onun
yalnızca küre olduğunu bilmiyordu aynı
zamanda boyutunu bile tahmin ediyordu.
A) Even sailors in ancient times were aware that
the Earth was round, and scholars did not
have any doubts regarding its shape but they
had their differences about its size.
B) In ancient times when even sailors had the
understanding that the earth was round,
scholars went further to claim that it was a
sphere and estimated its size.
C) Sailors in ancient times knew that the earth
was round, and scholars of the time, who
even estimated its size, argued that it was
not flat but spherical.
D) Scholars not only knew that the earth was
round but they also calculated its exact size,
whereas sailors could only argue that the 217
earth was round.
E) Even in ancient times sailors knew that the
Earth was round and scholars not only knew
that it was a sphere, but even estimated its
size.
Montreal Protokolü denilen 1987 tarihli
küresel antlaşma stratosferdeki ozon
kaybını hızlandıran kimyasallar olan
kloroflorokarbonları yasaklayarak ozondaki
deliği azaltmayı denedi.
A) The Montreal Protocol, which dates back to
1987 was a global treaty aiming to decrease
the amount of chlorofluorocarbons, which are
the chemicals released into the stratosphere.
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B) A global treaty called the Montreal Protocol
was signed in 1987 with the aim of reducing
the chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons that
cause ozone loss in the stratosphere.
C) The 1987 global treaty called the Montreal
Protocol sought to reduce the ozone hole by
banning chlorofluorocarbons, chemicals that
accelerated ozone loss in the stratosphere
D) The Montreal Protocol of 1987 was a global
treaty banning chlorofluorocarbons in order to
reduce the chemicals which speed up ozone
loss in the stratosphere.
E) The global treaty signed in 1987 to ban
chlorofluorocarbons was called the Montreal
Protocol, which sought to reduce the
chemicals accelerating the ozone loss in the
stratosphere.

TÜRKÇE-İNGİLİZCE ÇEVİRİ 12
3.
1. - 8. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
1. Bazı amnezikler yeni şeyler öğrenebilse
de onlar bu şeyleri nasıl ve ne zaman
öğrendiklerini hatırlamazlar.
A) Some amnesics are capable of learning new
information, but the problem is they do not
remember how they did so.
B) The problem from which some amnesics
suffer from is the fact that they do not
remember when and how they learn certain
things.
C) While some amnesics can learn new things,
they do not remember how or when they
learned these things.
D) Some amnesics do not remember when and
how they have learned certain things though
they know those things themselves.
E) Some people suffering from amnesia could
learn new things while they cannot tell you
how and when they have learned them.
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4.
2. İnsanlar tarihi sürekli bir ilerleme hikayesi
olarak düşünürler, ki bu çoğunlukla doğrudur
ama tarih bundan daha karmaşıktır.
A) People see history as a story of constant
progress and it is essentially true, but things
are much more complicated than that.
B) People believe that history is the story of
gradual progress, and this could well be true
although things are a little more complicated.
C) According to many people, history is full of
positive and constant developments, which
could be true, if not completely.
D) People think of history as a story of steady
progress, which is largely true, but it is more
complicated than that.
E) People perceive history as something that
only brought progress, which is only partially
true, because there were also complications.
Test
İkinci dil öğretimi alanında, kelime öğrenmenin
sadece birçok kelime ezberlemekten ibaret
bir süreç olmadığı uzun zamandır kabul
edilmektedir.
A) In the field of second language teaching,
it has long been recognised that learning
vocabulary is not simply a process of
memorizing a number of words.
B) Linguists working in the field of second
language teaching recognises that
learning vocabulary is not just a process of
memorizing numerous words.
C) In the field of second language teaching,
it has long been debated whether learning
vocabulary is basically a process of
memorizing words or not.
D) Many in the field of second language
teaching has long recognised that learning
vocabulary is not just a process of 239
memorizing numerous words.
E) In the field of second language teaching,
it has long been denied that learning
vocabulary is simply a process of memorizing
a number of words.
İnsanoğlu için büyük önem taşıyan Sanayi
Devrimi, dünyanın her yerinde ekonomik
gelişmeye muazzam bir katkıda bulundu.
A) Industrial Revolution, which made a
tremendous contribution to economic
development all over the world, was of great
significance for mankind.
B) Many attach great importance to Industrial
www.modadil.com
Revolution in that it made a tremendous
contribution to economic development all
over the world.
C) Industrial Revolution, which was of great
significance for mankind, made a tremendous
contribution to economic development all
over the world.
D) Since Industrial Revolution made a
tremendous contribution to economic
development in some parts of the world, it
was of great significance for mankind.
E) Industrial Revolution was of great
significance for mankind because it made
a tremendous contribution to economic
development all over the world.

ANLAM BÜTÜNLÜĞÜNÜ BOZAN CÜMLE
4.
1. - 12. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
1. (I) The Mayans of Central America are believed to
have been the first to discover cocoa and make
chocolate from it as early as 900 AD. (II) Their
chocolate was, of course, very different than
the chocolate we know today. (III) It was a liquid
made from crushed cocoa beans, chili peppers,
and water. (IV) They poured the liquid from one
cup to another until a frothy foam appeared on
top. (V) Cocoa was so much liked that images of
cocoa pods were painted on the walls of stone
temples.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
5.
2. (I) All societies have clearly defined rules that
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govern the relationships between members.
(II) Although members of a society share a
culture, it is important to realize that all is not
uniform. (III) However, not all individuals in any
society will conform to these rules. (IV) There
will always be some who behave in a socially
unacceptable manner. (V) Thus, among all
peoples, there are formal and informal ways to
correct the behaviour of such individuals.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
6.
3. (I) Birds display remarkable behaviour in collecting
building materials. (II) Crows have been seen to
tear off stout green twigs, and sparrow hawks will
dive purposefully onto a branch until it snaps and
then hang upside down to break it off. (III) Golden
eagles, over generations of work, construct
enormous nests. (IV) Golden eagles use their
speed and sharp talons to snatch up rabbits,
marmots, and ground squirrels. (V) One of these,
examined after it had been dislodged by high
winds, weighed almost two tons and included
foundation branches almost two meters long.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Test
1
(I) Herodotus (484-420 B.C.E.), in his
constitutional debate, weighed the value of
the three governmental forms: democracy,
oligarchy, and monarchy. (II) Scholars believe
that Herodotus was born at Halicarnassus, a
Greek city in southwest Asia Minor that was then
under Persian rule. (III) Democracy promotes
equality before the law, yet it brings to power the
many who are ignorant, incompetent, unstable,
and violent. (IV) Oligarchy is equally unstable
and violent, and both forms eventually lead to
tyranny. (V) Finally, monarchy can corrupt even
the worthiest man.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
241
(I) We are beginning to understand how our
brains shape our dreams, and why they contain
such a frightening mixture of the familiar and the
bizarre. (II) During rapid eye movement (REM)
sleep, the brain has vivid dreams, while the
muscles of the body are essentially turned off.
(III) While sleeping, the muscles are unable to
move so that the person will not be able to act out
dreams with their body. (IV) So, when a person
wakes up before REM is finished, sleep paralysis
happens. (V) The person will be conscious, but
the body’s ability to move has not been turned
back on yet.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
(I) Overland transport in the United States
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was still extremely primitive in 1790, yet the
nation was on the threshold of a new era of
road development. (II) Unable to finance road
construction, states turned for help to private
companies, organized by merchants and land
speculators who had a personal interest in
improved communications with the inner parts
of the country. (III) There are clear economic
and military advantages to being a large country.
(IV) The pioneer in this move was the state of
Pennsylvania, which chartered a company in
1792 to construct a turnpike, a road for the use
of which a toll, or payment, is collected, from
Philadelphia to Lancaster. (V) The legislature
gave the company the authority to erect tollgates
at points along the road where payment would be
collected, though it carefully regulated the rates.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

ANLAM BÜTÜNLÜĞÜNÜ BOZAN CÜMLE
4.
1. - 12. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
1. (I) For people who have lost the power of speech,
the voice synthesiser is wonderful. (II) All they
have to do is to type what they want to say on a
laptop computer, and their words are changed
into sound. (III) However, when we speak, we
use intonation and stress to give extra meaning
to what we say, and up to now, computerised
voices have not been able to do this. (IV) Their
lectures are often dull, and they do not know
how to communicate with their students. (V) This
makes it difficult to express things like urgency
or irony, but new developments allow the user to
add emphasis to what they are saying.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
5.
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2. (I) The Internet originated as a system used for
research by the military in the United States.
(II) The United States still leads the way in
Internet usage, but Europe is catching up. (III)
Universities were the next group to connect to the
system. (IV) It started to develop as a commercial
system in the late 1980s, and by the mid-1990s,
home users were starting to connect to the
Internet in significant numbers. (V) Internet usage
is still growing quickly and the number of hours
we spend online is rising sharply.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
6.
3. (I) Even in crowded places, sleeping tends to be
considered a private activity. (II) Children and
adults often have their special bedtime rituals.
(III) The most well-known ones include reading,
watching TV or listening to some music. (IV) Also,
some people cannot go to sleep unless they have
said their prayers, whereas others have to take
a bath before going to sleep. (V) These routines
give them peace of mind and gradually put them
into sleep mode.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Test
12
(I) In October 1347, a fleet of Genoese trading
ships fleeing Caffa reached the port of Messina
in Sicily. (II) It is probable that the Mongols and
merchant caravans inadvertently brought the
plague from central Asia to the Middle East
and Europe. (III) By the time the fleet reached
Messina, all the crew members were either
infected or dead. (IV) It is presumed that the
ships also carried infected rats and/or fleas.
(V) Some ships were found grounded on
shorelines, with no one aboard remaining alive.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
263
(I) Romanticism was an artistic, literary, and
intellectual movement which began in the late
18th century as a reaction to Enlightenment
rationalism and the growing hegemony of
science. (II) No period has been the topic of
so much disagreement and confusion over its
defining principles and aesthetics. (III) Lasting
until the mid-19th century, it was a movement
of men and women who sensed that there
was ‘more’ to life – as experienced through the
magnificence of Nature. (IV) It included poets
such as Coleridge, Byron and Shelley, visual
artists such as Blake and Turner, and writers as
diverse as Goethe and H.D. Thoreau. (V) It was
marked by intense passion and the elevation of
aesthetic feeling.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
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(I) New evidence suggests that Noah’s flood
really did happen. (II) A recent expedition has
confirmed that a huge flood occurred 7000 years
ago in the Black Sea. (III) The theory was first put
forward last year by marine geologists William
Ryan and Walter Pitman. (IV) There have been
numerous Noah’s flood stories identified from
ancient sources scattered around the world.
(V) In their book Noah’s Flood, they argue that
the great flood resulted from the last ice age,
which peaked 12,000 years ago.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V