Answer #1)

A) Data:
λ = 2 minutes = 60mins/2mins = 30 emails in an hour
μ = 4 minutes = 60mins/4mins = 15 email responses in an hour
S= 3

ρ = λ/S*μ
= 30 / 3*15 = 0.67

Lq = P(j≥s) * ρ/1-ρ

Lq = 0.51 * (0.67/10.67)
Lq = 1.03

Wq = Lq/ λ
= 1.03 / 30
= 0.034 i.e. 2 minutes.

B) Since Lq i.e. emails waiting in the que before getting answered is 1.03, there would be around 1
email yet to be answered on average.
C) Since P(j≥s)
Therefore S = 3 and ρ=0.67
Hence there is 51% probability that total number of emails in the system being more
than or equal to three at any point in time
Answer #2)

λ = 3 minutes = 60/3 = 20 calls an hour

μ = 2 minutes = 60/2 = 30 calls in an hour

A)
Calls landing in an hour = 20
Time required by Tom to handle these calls = 2mins per call i.e. 20 * 2 = 40 mins in total
Therefore, Tom would have 20 mins idle in an hour to read his book.
So, 1 page = 1 minute therefore, Tom can read 20 pages in an hour and hence 160 pages in an 8-
hour shift

B)
ρ = λ/μ = 20/30 = 0.67
L = ρ/1- ρ= 2

Lq = L – Ls
Lq = 2 – 0.67 = 1.33

Wq = Lq / λ = 0.066 i.e. 4 mins.

C)
W = L / λ = 2/20 = 0.1 hour
Total Cost = 0.1 * 5 = $ 0.5 per customer per hour
If 20 customers arrive in an hour so $0.5 * 20 = $10.
In an 8-hour shift = 8 * $10 = $80.

Answer #3)

Mean temperature = 40
SD = 2 i.e. 3SD = 6 and 6SD = 12
USL = 49 C
LSL = 38 C

A)

Cpk = min [USL-Mean/3SD , Mean – LSL/3SD] > 1.33

= min [1.5 , 0.33]

= 0.33 < 1.33

B)
The same is not acceptable since the system capability is 12 C whereas the specification range is
11 C

C) Reduce standard deviation to lessen variation. Additionally, specification and mean should
be aligned the process mean.