SCR Technical Manual

Technical Manual
60 HZ SCR Unit
RIG/PLANT REFERENCE REFERENCE DESCRIPTION
ADDITIONAL CODE SDRL CODE TOTAL PGS

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CLIENT DOCUMENT NUMBER DOCUMENT NUMBER REV
Client Document Number 20605-49 N
www.natoil.com
Document number 20605-49
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REVISION HISTORY
N 08.04.2005 Updated to New Template BKF

Rev Date (dd.mm.yyyy) Reason for issue Prepared Checked Approved
CHANGE DESCRIPTION
Revision Change Description

A Initial Release -
B Formatting and content revisions. Added Revision History page and drawing number in footer.
C Corrected text, table explanation letter, and procedure step numbering.
D Remove references to Ansaldo Ross Hill on pages 3-15 and 3-28.
E Correct figure placement on pages 49 through 51.
F Update figures.
G Add photo numbers, improve appearance of Figure 3-21, and correct errors in text.
H Convert to Word 97 format.
J Add Table of Contents codes. Correct Level 5 and Level 6 styles and errors.
K Correct Figure 3-13 and accompanying text on page 3-19.
L Correct Figure 3-1, and note on page 3-7 (change “50 Hz” to “60 Hz”).
M Edit two images in SCR Removal and Reassembly Procedure for Front and Rear Access,
Horizontal Bridge.
N Update to new template.
www.natoil.com 24 HOUR SERVICE (713) 935-8000

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 OPERATION ..................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Specifications.......................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Mechanical ............................................................................................................. 6
2 MAINTENANCE ................................................................................................................ 8
3 TROUBLESHOOTING .................................................................................................... 16
3.1 Theory of Operation .............................................................................................. 16
3.2 DC Control Module ............................................................................................... 31
4 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE ....................................................................................... 43
5 REMOVAL AND REPAIR ............................................................................................... 51
5.1 Double Access (1200, 1500) ................................................................................ 51
6 REMOVAL & REPAIR .................................................................................................... 61
6.1 Front Access (1400) ............................................................................................. 61

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1 OPERATION
The SCR Unit rectifies the three-phase AC supply to provide continuously variable DC
power to the traction motors. The SCR bridge, which performs the rectification, is isolated
by a circuit breaker from the Main AC Bus. The bridge output is assigned to one of the
motors via contactors. The contactors are closed in pairs (DC+ and DC-)(refer to Figure 3-
1).
The contactor logic and the DC voltage level are controlled from the DRILLER'S
CONSOLE (refer to Section 4 of this manual). Electronic circuits in the DC Control Module
regulate the voltage and current within preset limits.
All SCR Units are identical. If one unit is not working, another is usually available to
maintain power to the motor. Similarly, the electronic DC Control Modules and SCR cells of
the bridge are interchangeable.
1.1 Specifications
Electrical
Three Phase AC Input

Voltage: 600 VAC
Frequency: 60 Hz
DC Output per SCR Unit
Current
Zero to current-limit-value Amps continuous at stall throughout maximum voltage.
Current Limits
Different limits are selected to allow maximum horsepower and torque to be obtained from
the Rig Equipment without exceeding the Manufacturers ratings. Refer to the label on top
of each DC Control Module to verify current limit settings.

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SCR 1 SCR 2
AC BUS AC BUS
SCR BRIDGE SCR BRIDGE
MOTOR
Figure 3-1. Parallel Connection of SCR Bridges
The circuit breaker connecting the SCR bridge to the Main AC Bus may be
replaced by a molded case switch.
On older units, the circuit breaker has an overcurrent magnetic trip circuit. Newer units use
ceramic fuses mounted on the vertical bridge for overcurrent protection. There is also an
undervoltage (UV) or shunt trip circuit which is triggered for fuse failure and SCR
overtemperature.
Current Rating
These values are available on the system one line printer.
Overtemperature Rating
The overtemperature switch, associated with each SCR is set for 165F (74C) on older
units. Newer units are set for 190F (88C).

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1.2 Mechanical
Cubicle
The assemblies are mounted within the SCR Cubicle, on the side and door panels and a
slide pan located below the blowers.
Controls and Indicators
These are mounted on the door panel of the SCR Cubicle.
DC Control Module
Many of the SCR rectification and control electronic circuits are assembled on one printed
circuit (PC) card. The PC card One Line Diagram shown in Figure 1-2 (refer to Section 1)
are housed in a module constructed from 14-gauge steel. The module has its own heat
sink.
Size: 4" (10 cM) Wide by 12" (30 cM) Deep by 12" (30 cM) High.
Weight: 21 Pounds (9.5 KG).
Forced-Ventilation System
The ventilation system consists of either two or six air blowers located below the SCR
bridge.
Air Flow Rating
1,500 cubic meters per minute through each SCR cell.
Each bridge requires either one or three motors to power the blowers. Each motor turns
two blowers. One is connected at either end of the motor’s shaft.
Voltage: 600 VAC.

Current: 1.0 Amp (see blower name plate)
Speed: 1,765 RPM (see blower nameplate)
Intake Air Filter Rating
Filters are mounted on the ventilation openings. They consist of expanded aluminum gauze
enclosed in a metal frame. They have an MBS (Master Bureau of Standards) rating of 12 to
15% (sufficient to trap common dust particles).

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SCR Enclosure
The SCR is mounted within a set of enclosures designed to provide insulation and heat
transfer, and to dampen mechanical vibration. The entire assembly is called the SCR
Enclosure. The innermost assembly consists of the SCR enclosed on either side by
aluminum heatsinks. A two- bolt clamp is tightened to press the heatsinks into the SCR.
Pressure exerted on the SCR is indicated by a gauge located on the top side of the
enclosure.

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2 MAINTENANCE
This Section contains specific functional tests to assure proper operation of the SCR unit.
 There are two separate tests: one for SCRs and one for SCR Bridges.
 Perform the appropriate test(s) after repairing or replacing any of the unit assemblies.
 If the unit under test fails to perform as indicated, refer to troubleshooting later in this
section to locate the malfunction.
Refer to Troubleshooting for an explanation of the various SCR Unit circuits, and Removal
and Repair (found at the end of this section) for identification of the components.
See Figure 3-2 for a front panel view of the DC Control Module.
The POWER ON LIGHT (Item 1 on Figure 3-2) illuminates when power is applied to the
DC Control Module.
The TEST SELECT SWITCH (Item 3 on Figure 3-2) permits the operator to check the
Contactor (CONT) and Throttle Reference (REF) signals received from the SCR Control
Cubicle. The TEST SELECT SWITCH and TEST VOLTMETER (Item 2 on Figure 3-2) are
color coded. For example, if the TEST SELECT SWITCH is set to one of the yellow CONT
positions, the TEST VOLTMETER needle will deflect to the yellow band to indicate a
normal condition.
The SCR bridge can be phased up for testing by setting the MANUAL VOLTAGE SWITCH
(Item 5 on Figure 3-2) to ON and rotating the MANUAL VOLTAGE KNOB (Item 4 on
Figure 3-2) clockwise. In the ON position, the MANUAL VOLTAGE SWITCH opens all of
the assignment contactors so that power is not applied to the DC traction motor.
Bridge voltage can be monitored at the SCR VOLTS TEST PINS (Item 7 on Figure 3-2).
The voltage ratio is 16:1, such that the SCR VOLTS TEST PINS (Item 7 on Figure 3-2) will
represent a bridge voltage of 750 VDC when the SCR VOLTS TEST PINS register 46.8
VDC.

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Item Description
1. Power ON light
2. Test Voltmeter
3. Test Select Switch
4. Manual Voltage Knob
5. Manual Voltage Switch
6. Zero Throttle Interlock Light
7. SCR Volts Test Pins
8. SCR Amps Test Pins
Figure 3-2. DC Control Module Indicators

and Controls
An indication of Bridge current can be monitored at the SCR AMPS TEST PINS (Item 8 on
Figure 3-2). The current/voltage ratio is 376:1, such that the SCR AMPS TEST PINS
represent 1,000 Amps of bridge current for each 2.66 VDC present on the SCR AMPS
TEST PINS.
The ZERO THROTTLE INTERLOCK LIGHT (Item 6 on Figure 3-2) indicates the
operational status of the module circuit which suppresses the SCR bridge Firing Reference.
When the ZERO THROTTLE INTERLOCK LIGHT is illuminated, the bridge voltage will be
ZERO. It is illuminated under the two following conditions:

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1. SCR Unit is ON but not assigned to any of the DC functions.
2. SCR Unit is assigned to a function before the throttles are set to ZERO.
The light is not illuminated when the throttles are set to ZERO and assigned contactors
PULL IN.
Table 3-1. SCR Unit Test
ACTION RESULT
PRELIMINARY
A. Ensure that SCR Unit to be tested will not be A. This step is performed for safety purposes.
assigned from the Driller's Console.
B. Remove the wire from Terminal 134 of the DC B. This opens the contactors.
Control Module.
C. Energize the AC bus, if required. C. On DC Control Module, POWER ON and ZERO
THROTTLE INTERLOCK lights will illuminate (the
ZERO THROTTLE light will extinguish if a DC motor is
assigned AND the REFERENCE SIGNAL was zero at
that time).
D. Close the SCR circuit breaker. D. SCR ON light will illuminate and blowers will switch ON.
SCR BRIDGE CHECK
A. Set the DC Control Module MANUAL VOLTS A. There are no measurable results from this step.
SWITCH to ON.
Rotate the DC Control Module MANUAL VOLTS Observe the reading on the DC Voltmeter mounted on
KNOB slowly clockwise to MAXIMUM and counter- the DC Control Module. The unloaded bridge will
clockwise to MINIMUM. This should cause the initially read a negative voltage and then go positive to
bridge voltage to go from zero to 800 VDC. When 800 VDC.
the SCR bridge is not loaded, the capacitors in the Voltage Feedback from the Voltage Feedback Board
bridge circuitry tend to raise the maximum bridge can be monitored at the DC VOLTS terminals located
voltage. on the front of the DC Control Module. Voltage
Feedback should be 46.8 VDC @ 750 VAC.
The bridge voltage will initially go negative.

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Table 3-1. SCR Unit Test (Concluded)
ACTION RESULT
CONTACTOR AND THROTTLE CHECK
A. Trip the SCR Circuit Breaker. A. This step is performed for safety purposes.
B. Reconnect the wire to DC Control Module B. This closes the contactors.
Terminal 134.
C. Jumper the Circuit Breaker auxiliary contacts C. This closes the ASSIGNMENT CONTACTORS
TB8-4 to TB8-5. without applying power to the motors.
D. Set the Driller's Console ASSIGNMENT D. Example: Suppose RT is assigned to the SCR Unit
SWITCH to various positions. In each position, in 1 o'clock position. Then RT CONT (pin 129) and
check the Driller's Console contactor (CONT) RT REF 1 (pin 130) can be checked.
and Throttle Reference (REF) signals.
E. Remove the AUXILIARY CONTACT JUMPER E. There are no measurable results from this step.
when all CONT and REF signals are checked
out.

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Table 3-2. SCR Bridge Test
ACTION RESULT
MODULE POWER SUPPLY CHECK
A. Power the Main AC Bus (if necessary). A. There are no measurable results from this step.
B. Check the voltage present at the following B. The voltage at each pins should be as follows:
DC Control Module pins:
Pin(s) Voltage
103 through 108 12 VAC
153 +14 VDC
154 -14 VDC
FIRING PULSE CHECK
Figure 3-3. SCR Firing Pulse

A. Open the SCR Circuit Breaker of the SCR A. This step is performed for safety reasons.
unit under test.
B. Place the MANUAL VOLTAGE SWITCH B. No observerable results are monitored during this step.
(Item 10 in Figure 3-2) in the up position.

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Table 3-2. SCR Bridge Test (Concluded)

ACTION RESULT
C. Rotate the MANUAL VOLTAGE KNOB (Item 4 on C. The observed SCR Firing Pulse should be similar to that
Figure 3-2) and check the firing pulses to each of the shown in Figure 3-3. This procedure allows all points in the
six SCRs with an Oscilloscope. firing circuit to be monitored without having high voltage
When making the checks on the SCR firing present.
pulses: the chassis of the Oscilloscope must
be floated, the Oscilloscope ground is
connected to the SCR’s Cathode, and the
Oscilloscope probe to the SCR’s Gate.
FEEDBACK CHECK
A. Check the ripple of the Voltage Feedback signal A. The waveform should be similar to that shown in Figure 3-4.
waveform across the SCR VOLTS TEST pins on
front of the DC Control Module.
The Voltage Feedback waveform provides an

indication of firing of the SCR's. Note that
there are six peaks. Each SCR contributes a
peak.
GOOD
BAD
BAD
Figure 3-4. Voltage Feedback Waveform

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Table 3-3. SCR Test
ACTION RESULT
ISOLATE FAULTY SCR This is accomplished by comparing the Current
Feedback ripple and SCR firing pulses on a
dual-trace Oscilloscope while the SCR Unit is
driving a load. During each 60 Hz cycle, there
are six peaks in the ripple. Each of the six SCRs
in the bridge contributes a peak. If one of the
SCRs does not fire, a peak will be missing. If
the SCR misfires, one of the peaks will be
distorted.
A. To check the six SCRs, connect Channel 2 of the A. The waveform will look like the one shown in Figure
Oscilloscope to the DC Control Module SCR 3-5. The firing pulse that is in sync with the missing or
AMPS TEST PINS and connect Channel 1 of the distorted peak is the one going to the faulty SCR
Oscilloscope to the DC Control Module Test (refer to Figure 3-6). In Figure 3-6, the B+ firing pulse
Points listed below: lines up with the distorted peak, indicating that the B+
SCR is misfiring.
DC Control Module SCR
Test Point
TP1 A+
Ch. 1 on
TP2 A- Test Point
TP3 B+ 4 (B-)
TP4 B-
TP5 C+
TP6 C-
Ch. 2 on
SCR Amps
Test Pins
Figure 3-6. Comparison of SCR Amps and

Firing Sync Waveform
SCR MISFIRING SCR NOT FIRING
Figure 3-5. Current Feedback Waveform

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Table 3-3. SCR Test (Concluded)
ACTION RESULT
SCR RESISTANCE TEST
A. Trip the SCR Circuit Breaker. A. There are no measurable results from this step.
B. Switch Multimeter polarity to + and the scale to R B. There are no measurable results from this step.
x 10,000.
C. Test the Multimeter by connecting the + (red) and C. The meter needle will swing to indicate Zero
– (black) leads. Ohms.
D. Measure resistance across the SCR by touching D. The resistance measured should be in the >10 KΩ
one Multimeter lead to the AC bus bar and the range. The SCR is leaking if the measured
other Multimeter lead to the DC bus bar. resistance is less. The charging action of snubber
capacitor that is across SCR will be observed (the
resistance will not instantaneously be in the >10
KΩ range, but will instead rise over a period of
seconds). Let the Multimeter needle stabilize
before taking final reading.
E. Measure resistance across the SCR in the E. Again, the resistance should be >10 KΩ.
reverse direction by swapping the Multimeter
leads.
AC LEAKAGE TEST
A. Reactivate an SCR bridge, but do not assign it. A. There are no measurable results from this step.
B. Use a Multimeter to check for AC from each leg B. A reading of >50 VAC indicates excess AC
of the DC Bus to ground. leakage. Most likely a snubber network has
opened.
C. If excess AC leakage was detected in either Step C. Repair/replace any defective components.
B or C, remove power to the SCR Bridge and
check all components in the snubber networks.

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3 TROUBLESHOOTING
Troubleshooting consists of locating a malfunctioning component in the SCR Unit. The

Troubleshooting Index in the back of this section provides specific instructions.
3.1 Theory of Operation
Figures 3-7 and 3-8 are the schematic diagrams of two different SCR Units. The circuits in
the units can be grouped as follows:
A. SCR Bridge
B. Surge Suppression Circuit
C. Ground Detection Circuit
D. Contactor Control Logic
E. DC Control Module
F. Sprocket Slip Circuit
3.1.1 SCR Bridge
See Figure 3-7 or 3-8. Three-phase AC from the Main AC Bus is applied to the SCR bridge
through a circuit breaker. Each AC phase is connected to two SCRs. One SCR feeds the
positive AC portion to the +DC Bus and the other SCR feeds the negative AC portion to the
-DC Bus. For example, Phase A is connected to the A+ and A- SCRs. The A+ SCR feeds
the +DC bus while the A- SCR feeds the -DC bus.
The +DC and -DC buses are connected to traction motors via assignment contactors. The
SCRs are switched on and off to vary the DC level through firing pulses applied across the
GATE and CATHODE terminals of each SCR. The firing pulses are generated in the DC
Control Module (refer to Figures 3-7, 3-8, and 3-9).
Refer to the Unique Devices section of this manual for a general description of an SCR.
3.1.2 Circuit Breaker
The Circuit Breaker is actually a power switch.
It has a UV Trip coil and is tripped open automatically if 24 VDC power to the coil is
interrupted. The positive terminal of the coil is permanently connected to +14 VDC power.

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The negative terminal is connected to -14 VDC power through various normally-closed
switches which signal the following hazardous conditions:
SCR Overtemperature
There are two temperature sensors. One is mounted on the top of each heat sink column.
The sensor contact is designed to open when the heatsink temperature exceeds 195F
(91C).
Blown SCR Fuse
Fuse protection for the SCR consists of two 600 Amp fuses mounted in parallel. The UV
Trip circuit is wired through blown-fuse indicator microswitches.
Emergency Off
The UV Trip circuit is also activated by the normally closed EMERGENCY OFF pushbutton
on the DRILLER'S CONSOLE.
3.1.3 Current Feedback
Three Current Transformers (CT1, CT2 and CT3) are used to sense current flowing into the
SCR bridge. On PC1 board, the CT signals are rectified and the resulting DC output
divided through a resistor circuit. One signal is used to drive the front panel DC
AMMETER. The other signal is applied to the DC Control Module as SCR Amps (Pin 131).
The SCR Amps signal is 2.66 Volts per 1,000 Amps out of the SCR bridge.
3.1.4 RC Filter
A ferrite core is used for each SCR to reduce the rate of change of current (dI/dT) through
the SCR. The RC filter (a resistor and capacitor) is designed to reduce the rate of change
of voltage (dV/dT) across the SCR. Excessive dV/dT or dI/dT can cause the SCR to misfire or
fail.

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Figure 3-7. SCR Unit Schematic Diagram

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Figure 3-8. SCR Unit Schematic Diagram (Continued)

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Figure 3-8. SCR Unit Schematic Diagram (Concluded)

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3.1.5 Firing Pulse
A pulse transformer isolates SCR voltages from control module firing circuits. The current
pulse rises very quickly to 1 Amp to HARD FIRE the SCR. It then descends to a 0.5 Amp
BACKPORCH (refer to Figure 3-9) to force more and more of the SCR to turn on through a
regenerative process.
There are two pulses, Main and Backup, which are 60 apart. The Main turns on one SCR.
The Backup keeps an opposite-polarity SCR turned on. The previous opposite-polarity
SCR allowing conduction was turned on 60 before the SCR turned on by the Main pulse.
The Main pulse has a minimum duration of 300 mS. The Backup has a minimum duration
of 200 mS. Main and Backup pulses are separated by 2.77 mS. Main and Backup pulses
reoccur every 16.66 mS for each device.
3.1.6 Voltage Feedback
The +DC and -DC buses are tapped to develop a 16:1 ratio analog of the SCR bridge volts.
DC+ and DC- signals from the DC buses dropped through a set of 3.9 K resistors are
used to drive the front panel SCR Voltmeter. The other is a differential voltage signal (+V br)
- (-Vbr). This is applied to the DC Control Module (Pins 101-102) for use in the DC
Regulator circuit. When the SCR bridge voltage is 750 VDC, the differential voltage signal
is 46.8 VDC.
3.1.7 Contactor Power Supply
Transformer T5 (see Figures 3-7 or 3-8) supplies three-phase 46 VAC, to the PC1 board.
On PC1, the 46 VAC is rectified to 60 VDC for contactor power supply.
The star winding of transformer T4 supplies six 12 VAC three-phase voltages to the module
(VCA, VCB, VAB, VBA, VBC, and VAC to pins 103 through 108). These signals are used to
synchronize firing pulses for the six SCRs and derive ±14 VDC power supplies.

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Figure 3-9. Firing Pulse
3.1.8 Rectifier-Type Surge Suppression Panel
This is an RC circuit which filters transient spikes on the AC bus. Circuit loss does not
disable the drive system but does increase the likelihood of damage to the SCR cells (refer
to Figure 3-10).
The line input is fused and then rectified through a diode bridge. DC output from the bridge
charges a capacitor bank to 1,000 VDC. A 25, 225 W resistor limits the charging current
to 35 Amps. About 30 mS after power is turned on, relay K1 closes to short out the resistor.

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The excess charge caused by a spike is discharged through the resistor bank. When power
is turned OFF, the capacitors are also discharged through the resistor bank.
THE CAPACITOR DISCHARGE TAKES 10 SECONDS. DO NOT TOUCH

ANY PART OF THE CIRCUIT DURING THIS PERIOD.
The front panel SURGE SUPPRESSION LIGHT is normally illuminated. It will extinguish if
any of the lines fuses are blown. The line indicator-type fuses are linked via indicator fuse
switches (F4, F5, and F6) to a microswitch (S1) whose normally closed contacts are in
series with the SURGE SUPPRESSION LIGHT circuit. When a line fuse blows, it’s
indicator button opens the indicator switch, thus turning off the SURGE SUPPRESSION
LIGHT.
3.1.9 MOV-Type Surge Suppression Panel
There are a number of operating conditions and problems that may lead to the generation
of voltage transients. The energization of a transformer primary, a fuse that blows during a
power fault, and switch arcing will all cause voltage transients. These voltage transients
can be responsible for damage to circuit components. Most semiconductor devices are not
able to withstand voltage transients in excess of their voltage ratings.
Transient protection has been provided by three-phase delta-connected Metal Oxide

Varistors (MOVs). An MOV device exhibits high resistance until the terminal voltage
exceeds its rated clamping voltage. The resistance of the device then substantially
reduces, causing it to pass the voltage transient-induced current to one of the other
phases, thus protecting the devices in the circuit (refer to Figure 3-11).
The MOV-Type Surge Suppression Panel has been made possible due to the improved
devices in the varistor family. The varistor combines the desired characteristics of the ideal
voltage clamp provided by solid-state diode devices with the superior energy-absorbing
ability of a metal oxide element. This MOV-Type Surge Suppression Panel is made of MOV
devices connected line-to-line on the 600 VAC bus in each SCR bridge.
The varistors are fused with 60 Amp indicating fuses. A blown fuse is indicated when the
green SURGE SUPPRESSION LAMP is extinguished.

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Figure 3-10. Rectifier-Type Surge Suppression Circuit

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Figure 3-11. MOV-Type Surge Suppression Circuit

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The SURGE SUPPRESSION LAMP extinguishing may be an indication of a failed MOV

device. It is possible that these devices may completely rupture upon failure. They are
therefore covered with a safety shield to prevent equipment damage or personnel injury.
DO NOT OPERATE THIS PANEL WITHOUT THE SAFETY SHIELD

INSTALLED. TO INSPECT THE MOVS, OPEN THE FUSES BEFORE
REMOVING THE SAFETY SHIELD. BE SURE TO INSTALL THE SHIELD
BEFORE CLOSING THE FUSES TO REAPPLY POWER TO THE MOVS.
3.1.10 Periodic Maintenance
It is unlikely that the MOVs protection will be downgraded.
It is recommended that the MOVs be inspected on a periodic basis (every

three months) for loose leads and evidence of overheating. Ensure that you
observe the precaution shown just above this subsection (PERIODIC
MAINTENANCE) before performing the inspections.
3.1.11 DC Ground Fault Detection Circuit
This circuit (refer to Figure 3-12) consists of three lights. Each light is connected on one
side to a phase of the AC bus and grounded on the other. A series-connected meter
indicates the percentage of the fault.
The lights will dimly illuminate during normal operation. If there is a DC ground fault, it will
complete the circuit through all the phases of the Main AC Bus, so all the three lights will
brightly illuminate. A deflection reading on the %DC GROUND METER indicates a ground
on one of the DC buses.
THE DC GROUND DETECTION CIRCUIT ONLY PROVIDES AN INDICATION

OF A DC GROUND. IT DOES NOT CORRECT THE PROBLEM. THE GROUND
FAULT MUST BE QUICKLY LOCATED AND CORRECTED TO PREVENT
FURTHER DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.
3.1.12 Contactor Control Logic
The bridge output is assigned to one of several traction motors by closing the appropriate
contactors. The contactor logic is set through the DRILLER'S CONSOLE ASSIGNMENT
SWITCH.

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Single-pole contactors are used to assign motors which turn in only one direction. For
reversing motors, the outputs of the single-pole contactors are applied to the motor
armature via a double-pole contactor. The double-pole contactor reverses the armature
leads to reverse the motor direction.
The power contactor coils require 74 VDC to energize. The positive terminal of all coils is
connected to +60 VDC. -14 VDC is connected to the negative terminals of the coils by a
number of wired-in-series contacts. These monitor and ensure that all conditions are
satisfactory to power the assigned motor. If any of the contacts in this control logic open,
the power contactors trip and the SCR bridge is phased down.
Figure 3-12. Ground Fault Detection Circuit
During the following discussion, refer to Figure 3-13 (a typical Rotary Table Control circuit).
1. The Rotary Table is assigned to SCR 3 at the DRILLER'S CONSOLE
ASSIGNMENT SWITCH.
2. The Rotary Table FORWARD/REVERSE SWITCH is set to REVERSE.

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Refer to the assignment switch configuration at the top-right corner of the

schematic. The rotary table can be run on either SCR 2, 3, or 4.
The Rotary Table motor connections are at the bottom-left corner of the schematic. SCR 3
bridge is connected to the Rotary Table motor through single-pole contactors K1 and K6
and reversing contactor K5.
The coil connections for K1, K5 and K6 are shown in the middle of the circuit. The positive
terminals of all the coils are connected to +60 VDC.
Trace the -14 VDC control signal. The -14 VDC power supply in the DC Control Module is
first passed through the normally-closed MANUAL VOLTAGE SWITCH. This switch is
placed in the TEST position to phase up the SCR bridge without applying power to the
traction motors.
The signal emerges from Pin 134 of the DC Control Module as CONT PS. It is routed
through a normally-open auxiliary contact of the SCR 3 circuit breaker. This normally-open
auxiliary contact closes when the circuit breaker is closed, thereby assuring that the SCR
Unit is turned on.
The control signal is then sent to the DRILLER'S CONSOLE where it turns on the SCR 3
ON light. The control signal is also connected to one side of the DRILLER'S CONSOLE
ASSIGNMENT SWITCH. The control signal emerges on the other side at the 3 o'clock
contact since the DRILLER'S CONSOLE ASSIGNMENT SWITCH is set to the 3 o'clock
position.
The contactor signal now passes through the contacts of the RT vane switch relay RL2. A
vane switch was not installed in the Rotary Table equipment; therefore, a jumper was
installed so that RL2 will always be energized. If a vane switch is installed in the Rotary
Table sometime in the future, the jumper can be removed.
The signal next passes through REV contact of the ROTARY TABLE LOCKOUT SWITCH
energizing the coil of contactor K5.
The control signal is then routed through all the normally-closed auxiliary contacts of the
power contactors in the SCR 3 Unit other than K1, K5 and K6. This assures that the bridge
output is not connected to two motors at one time.
At this point in time, the coils of K1 and K6 are energized. To ensure that their contacts
have closed, the control signal is passed through the normally-open auxiliary contacts of
K1 and K6.

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The control signal is then returned to the DC Control Module as RT CONT (Pin 129). In the
DC Control Module, the reference for the SCR firing circuits is disabled as long as all the
CONT signals (RT CONT, MP1 CONT, etc.) are not -14 VDC.
The Rotary Table reference and Current Limit signals which originate in the DRILLER'S
CONSOLE are also shown in Figure 3-13.

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Figure 3-13. Typical Rotary Table Control Circuit

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Figure 3-14. DC Regulator Circuit
3.2 DC Control Module
The DC Control Module (refer to Figure 3-14) contains electronic circuits for the SCR Unit.
These can be grouped into three assemblies:
1. DC Regulator
2. SCR Firing Circuits
3. DW Dynamic Brake
Figure 3-14 shows the DC Control Module block diagram and pin designations.

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3.2.1 DC Regulator
The DC REGULATOR is a feedback control circuit which automatically matches the motor
speed and torque to the throttle command from the Control Console in command (Mud
Pump or Driller’s). The DC REGULATOR circuit is shown in Figure 3-14.
The DC REGULATOR output is a FIRING REFERENCE (TP7) to the SCR firing circuits.
Inputs to the circuit consist primarily of the SPEED REFERENCE, SPEED FEEDBACK,
and CURRENT FEEDBACK. The regulator consists of two control loops, an outer
VOLTAGE LOOP (Speed) and an inner CURRENT LOOP (Torque). The SPEED
REFERENCE signal from the Control Console is summed with the SPEED FEEDBACK to
derive a CURRENT COMMAND signal which, in turn, is summed with the CURRENT
FEEDBACK signal to derive the FIRING REFERENCE signal.
3.2.2 DC Foot Throttle Operation
The Drawworks has a Foot Throttle to allow quick response to the SCR bridge during
tripping (refer to Figure 3-14). The DW Foot Throttle reference signal (pin 114) is applied
directly to the Current Limit Summing Junction, thus skipping the Speed Feedback
Junction. It, therefore, it acts as a Current Command. When the Driller presses the Foot
Throttle, current to the Drawworks motors rises quickly and the voltage follows.
The DW Speed Reference from the Driller's Console Hand Throttle (pin 117) and the DW
Foot Throttle Reference are auctioneered through D10 and D59 to select the greater value
(more negative) throttle command. When the Driller begins a tripping operation, he first
sets the Drawworks to cathead speed by slightly cracking (moving) the Driller’s Console
Hand Throttle. At this time, the Speed Reference and Foot Throttle are enabled. When the
Driller presses the Foot Throttle to lift a heavy load, the Foot Throttle Reference quickly
supersedes the DW Speed Reference. The Foot Throttle Reference goes to Zero when the
Driller removes pressure from the Foot Throttle.
As a result, the DW Speed Reference is enabled, and the motor speed and torque return to
cathead values.
3.2.3 Manual Operation
During testing, it would often be convenient if it were possible to phase up the SCR bridge
without applying power to the motor. A Manual Operation circuit makes this feasible.

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When the MANUAL VOLTS switch (S1) is set to the ON position, the -14 VDC CONT
Power Supply to the ASSIGNMENT CONTACTOR logic is disconnected and the MANUAL
VOLTAGE rheostat is connected into the regulator circuit. The bridge can now be phased
up by rotating the MANUAL VOLTAGE rheostat knob clockwise. Power is not applied to
the traction motors since the ASSIGNMENT CONTACTORS remain open.
These circuits generate firing pulses for the SCR bridge (refer to Figure 3-14).
3.2.4 Current Feedback
This is an analog of motor torque (torque is directly proportional to the armature current).
3.2.5 Speed Reference
This signal originates in the Control Console in command (Mud Pump or Driller’s). These
consoles are equipped with handwheels which the operator rotates to control the traction
motor speed. Each handwheel is linked to a rheostat which outputs a Zero to -8 VDC
Speed Reference signal for Zero (zero speed) to -8 VDC (maximum speed).
The regulator may receive the Speed Reference signal from more than one location.
3.2.6 SCR Firing Circuits
These circuits generate firing pulses for the SCR bridge (refer to Figure 3-14).
There are six identical firing circuits, one for each SCR. The Firing Pulse waveform actually
consists of two pulses, a main pulse followed by a backup pulse. The backup pulse is
essential for refiring the SCR at low DC output when current is not continuous. The time
difference between the main and backup pulses is constant.
The main pulse is synchronized with one of the six phase signals from the AC bus (VAB,
VBC, etc.) and Firing Reference from the DC Regulator. The backup pulse is synchronized
with a main pulse signal from one of the remaining firing circuits.
3.2.7 Speed Feedback
This is an analog of the motor speed. It’s range is zero (no feedback) to +5 VDC (maximum
feedback) at 1,000 RPM.

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In a shunt motor, the speed is directly proportional to the armature voltage. Therefore, the
differential voltage feedback signals (VBR+) - (VBR-) are simply compared to Op Amp Z701
to derive the single level 'N' (refer to Figure 3-10).
In a series motor, speed is a function of the armature voltage divided by the magnetic flux.
The flux, in turn, is a function of the armature current. N (the symbol for speed
inconventional motor speed equations) for a series motor is obtained by dividing the
Voltage Feedback signal by the shaped Current Feedback signal in Z703.
3.2.8 Contactor Interlock
There are several Contactor Interlock circuits (i.e., Drawworks, Mud Pump, etc.). Each is
completely separate. When all the interlocks on a particular Contactor
Interlock circuit is closed, the selected function (i.e., Drawworks, Mus Pump, etc.) will be
able to run.
3.2.9 Zero Throttle Interlock
This circuit protects the SCR bridge and the traction motor from unintended starts. It
disables the Firing Reference if the CONT signal switches to -14 VDC while the
corresponding Speed Reference is also great (negative). Thus, the Driller must set the
throttle to ZERO before switching the assignment.
3.2.10 Current Limit
This signal prevents the Speed Reference signal from demanding excess current. It is
simply a negative current flow produced by applying -10 VDC across a selected resistor. To
lower the Current Limit, the negative current flow is decreased by selecting a resistor with
higher value. If the current limit desired is 1,000 Amps, the resistor selected will be 390
K.
3.2.11 Speed Limit
This signal prevents the Speed Reference from demanding excess speed. It is particularly
useful for series motors. In shunt motors, an adequate field current prevents overspeeding.

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3.2.12 Power Limit
This signal prevents the Current Command from demanding excessive power, and thus
overloading the engines. It is effective at about 90% to 95% of the engine-generator
capacity on line. In other assemblies, the Power Limit signal is derived by processing the
KVA Feedback and KW Feedback from all generators connected to the Main AC Bus.
3.2.13 SCR Operation
An SCR conducts (turns on) when two conditions are satisfied:
 When it is forward biased.
 It’s Gate terminal is FIRED with a current pulse. This pulse is just that, a pulse - it is not
a constant voltage which remains applied to the Gate terminal.
If the Gate terminal is fired as soon as the SCR is forward biased, the SCR is working just
like an ordinary diode.
The SCR Gate terminal firing is delayed to vary the DC output. In this SCR firing circuit:
 The six-phase Reference will indicate when the SCR is forward biased.
 The Firing Reference will indicate when the SCR should be fired to achieve the desired
DC output level.
3.2.14 Three-Phase Diode Bridge Rectifier
Before discussing a three-phase diode bridge rectifier, let us review several simple one-
phase rectifiers.
The most basic is a single-phase half-wave rectifier (refer to Figure 3-15). This consists of
a diode mounted in-line with a one phase AC input. The output is a pulsating DC voltage
that varies between zero and maximum voltage. The diode conducts for 180. For 180
(when the diode is not conducting), the output will be zero. During the other 180, the
output will rise from zero to maximum and then back to zero.
A single-phase diode full-wave rectifier bridge (refer to Figure 3-15) has four diodes. Each
of the AC input lines has two diodes connected to it. Each of these diodes is connected to a
different DC output line. The diodes turn on and off automatically as the bias changes. This
process is called commutation.

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A. SINGLE-PHASE B. SINGLE-PHASE FULL-WAVE

HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER RECTIFIER BRIDGE
Figure 3-15. Single-Phase Half-Wave Rectifier and Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier
The left-most part of Figure 3-16 shows a three-phase diode bridge rectifier and several
input waveforms.
Compare the circuit of the single-phase full-wave bridge rectifier to the three-
phase bridge rectifier. The only major difference is the addition of the two
diodes for the C phase and the C phase winding. If these are disregarded and
the A and B phase voltages are summed, the two rectifier bridges are (for all intents
and purposes) the same.
In a three-phase diode bridge rectifier, things get a little more interesting. Even though the
diode is capable of conducting for 180, it will only do so for 120. This is because the
diode connected to a second AC phase becomes more positively biased than the diode
connected to the first phase. At this time, the diode connected to the first phase stops
conducting and the diode connected to second phase starts conducting. This process
happens on both output voltage legs of the rectifier. The only difference is that the events
on the two output voltage legs occur 60 apart.
Look at the top waveforms (VA, VB, and VC). Anytime VA is +VAC, the A+ diode may
conduct. Anytime VA is -VAC, the A- diode may conduct. However, the diode will not
conduct until 60 after it can start conducting because a diode connected to another phase
has a larger potential voltage. Once the + diode starts conducting, it will be paired with a -
diode on the output DC voltage leg for 60. At that point, a - diode on another phase will

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start conducting and the first - diode will stop. VL will thus be the output of diodes A+ and B-
for 60, then diodes A+ and C- for 60, then diodes B+ and C- for 60, etc. Note that each
diode conducts for 120.
The six-diode bridge waveform shows the commutation process through a single 60 Hz
three-phase cycle. The 360 cycle is divided into vertically-divided 30 sections (refer to
waveform A in Figure 3-16). Observe that between 30 to 150, the A+ diode is more
positively biased than either B+ or C+ and is therefore conducting. Similarly, the C- diode is
more negatively biased than either A- or B- during 90 to 210 and is therefore conducting.
Each diode conducts for 120 and is turned off for 240. Table 3-4 gives the commutation
sequence.
Table 3-4. Diode Commutation
DEGREES TURNS ON TURNS OFF

30 A+ C+
90 C- B-
150 B+ A+
210 A- C-
270 C+ B+
330 B- A-
3.2.15 SCR Rectifier Bridge
Figure 3-16 also shows a three-phase six-SCR rectifier bridge. In an SCR rectifier bridge,
commutation does not occur automatically. It must be forced through firing pulses.
Observe that SCR A+ is forward biased between 30 and 150. All the SCRs are forward
biased for current flow during 120 of each AC cycle. The SCR can be fired (conduction
started) anytime during this 120 period. This 120 period is defined as the range of the
firing angle ().

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DIODE BRIDGE
A. DIODE BRIDGE
SCR BRIDGE
Figure 3-16. SCR Bridge Operation Waveforms
B. SCR WAVEFORMS C. SCR WAVEFORMS D. SCR WAVEFORMS

= 0° = 60° = 90°

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When  = 0 (waveform B in Figure 3-16), the SCRs are fired as soon as they are forward
biased. The SCR bridge output is maximum. In this case, the SCR bridge is functioning just
like a Diode Bridge. This  gives maximum average VDC (we can call it our reference VDC
or 1).
If  is 60 (waveform C in Figure 3-16), the SCRs are not fired until 60 after they are
forward biased. In this case, the average VDC is 0.5.
If  is 90 (waveform D in Figure 3-16), the SCRs are not fired until 90 after they are
forward biased. In this case, the average VDC is Zero.
3.2.16 Sprocket Slip Circuit
This circuit provides overspeed protection for two series motors that are driven in parallel
from a single SCR bridge. Such an arrangement is normally used for Mud Pumps.
If either one of the motors exceeds a preset speed limit, due to a malfunction in the chain
or belt drive, the circuit cuts off power to both motors by tripping the ASSIGNMENT
CONTACTORS and turning on the front panel SPROCKET SLIP LIGHT.
In the system, overspeed protection for shunt motors is achieved through a FIELD LOSS
RELAY.
A shunt motor cannot overspeed unless the motor field is low.
The FIELD LOSS RELAY monitors the field current. It opens to trip the assignment
contactors of the motor if the current is <50% of the motor rated value.
Overspeed protection for series motors is normally provided through the OVERSPEED
CIRCUIT in the DC Control Module.
In an overspeeding series motor, voltage is high and current is low.
The OVERSPEED CIRCUIT works for all configurations of series motors except where two
motors are driven in parallel from a single SCR bridge (refer to Figure 3-17).
Suppose MP1A breaks its chain drive. The unloaded motor will overspeed. It will draw full
voltage, but little current. Most of the current will flow into MP1B. The OVERSPEED
CIRCUIT will not detect the overspeed because the Current Feedback signal indicates the
total current drawn by the two motors.

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The SPROCKET SLIP circuit measures the DC current drawn by each motor through Hall
Effect Devices (HED) and compares them to the voltage to detect overspeed.
Figure 3-18 is the installation diagram of the HEDs. HED1, mounted on the -DC cable,
measures current to the MP1A motor. HED2, mounted on the +DC cable, measures
current to the MP1B motor.
Refer to Figure 3-18, the Sprocket Slip circuit. Differential voltage signals from HED1 and
HED2 are compared on Op Amps Z1 and Z2 to obtain I1A, and I1B respectively. The
currents are auctioneered via D1 and D10 to select the current with the lower value. Since
the motors have equal armature voltage, the motor with the lower current has the higher
speed.
The motor with the lower current is slipping (not doing work). The motor with the higher
current is actually driving the sprocket.
The lower-current signal is summed in Op Amp Z4 against the voltage-feedback current

from Op Amp Z3. The output of Z4-6 switches Q1 off and deenergizes relay K1. The
Voltage/Current ratio at which Z4 deenergizes K1 is set by selecting the ratio of R33 and
R34.
The normally-open contacts of K1 are mounted in the assignment logic of both mud pump
motors. These contacts of K1 open to trip the main assignment contactors, thereby cutting
off power to the motors. When K1 deenergizes the K1 contacts connected between Pins
16 and 19, and between Pins 17 and 18 opens. These contacts are in the Mud Pump
Contactor lines (refer to the Mud Pump Contactor schematic in your drawing package).
The normally-closed contact of K1 closes to turn on the front panel SPROCKET SLIP
LIGHT. The SPROCKET SLIP LIGHT can be switched off by pushing the adjacent RESET
pushbutton. Depressing the RESET pushbutton disconnects +20 VDC, thus allowing the
coil of K1 to reenergize.

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Figure 3-17. A Typical Mud Pump Drive System

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Figure 3-18. Sprocket Slip Circuit

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4 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
This is composed of two tables and one figure:
Table 3-5. SCR Unit Troubleshooting

Table 3-6. DC Control Module Troubleshooting
Figure 3-19. DC Control Module Pinout
Table 3-5. SCR Unit Troubleshooting
PROBLEM / INDICATION EXPLANATION / ACTION

SCR CIRCUIT BREAKER TRIPS
A. Emergency Stop. All SCR Breakers A. Driller may have pressed the EMERGENCY STOP pushbutton
Trip. on the Driller's Console. To resume operation, close the circuit
breakers.
B. SCR/Fuse Failure B. If an SCR fails, some fuses are also blown.
1. Check fuse trip indicators.
2. Test SCRs whose fuses are blown.
3. Replace all blown fuses and defective SCRs.
C. Overcurrent Trip C. Close the circuit breaker to resume operation.
D. SCR Overtemperature D. The Overtemperature switches will reset after temperature of
the SCR junction drops below 165 F (74C) on older units/190
F (88C) on newer units.
E. Field Loss E. If the motors are shunt-type, ensure that field current is 50
amps.
SCR BRIDGE INOPERATIVE

A. Zero Throttle Interlock A. Check ZERO THROTTLE LED on DC Control Module. To
resume operation, set THROTTLE at the Control Console in
command (Mud Pump or Driller’s) to ZERO before assignment.
B. Throttle Signal Not Reaching The B. Check for Speed Reference signal from the Control Console in
DC Control Module command (Mud Pump or Driller’s) at the DC Control Module.
C. Contactor Logic Defective C. Check for -14 VDC motor CONT signal at the DC Control
Module. If it is absent, trace the control signal. See the
explanation of Contactor Control Logic found earlier in this
section for information.
D. DC Control Module Defective D. Check SCR firing pulses.
1. If the pulses are absent, check the DC Control Module
power.
2. If the pulses are present, replace the DC Control Module.

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Table 3-5. SCR Unit Troubleshooting (Concluded)

MOTOR SPEED DOES NOT
REGULATE A. Check the DC Control Module VBR+ (pin 101), V BR- (pin 102),
A. No feedback signals to the DC and SCR Amps (pin 131) signals.
Control Module.
B. In case of mud pump slaving, the B. Check the DC Control Module Slave inputs (pin 133 or 136).
Slave Signal may be absent.
C. Defective DC Regulator C. Replace the DC Control Module.
INSUFFICIENT POWER - DW, MP
A. Only one motor is running A. Check the ammeters of the SCR units driving the two Mud
Pump or Drawworks motors (each SCR is driving one pump or
motor). One of the ammeter readings may be low. This indicates
that only one motor is running (the SCR with the higher
ammeter reading is driving the running motor).
MOTOR RUNS HOT AND NOISY
(SOUNDS AS IF BEARINGS ARE
BAD)
A. SCR misfiring, or not firing. A. Check current feedback waveshape.

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Table 3-6. DC Control Module Troubleshooting

POWER SUPPLY AC VOLTAGES
A. One or more SCRs not firing. A. Measure the voltage at DC Control Module Pins 103 through
108. It should be 14 VAC. If the 14 VAC is missing at any of the
pins, the 14 VDC supply voltages will be low. As a result, one
or more of the SCRs may not fire. Check the fuses, connections,
and verify the ground connections.
POWER SUPPLY DC VOLTAGES
A. One or more of the DC voltages are A. Measure the voltage at each of the following DC Control Module
missing. Pins for the indicated voltage. If any are absent, check the fuses
and connections.
Pin 153: +14(1) VDC.
Pin 154: -14 (1) VDC.
Pin 155: Zero VDC (Ground).
BRIDGE VOLTAGE FEEDBACK
SIGNAL (VBR+ AND VBR-)
A. System not operating normally. A. Measure the voltage between Pins 101 and 102 of the DC
Control Module. It should be +46.8 VDC when the bridge voltage
is +750 VDC. For Series Motors, Pin 101 is +. For Shunt Motors,
Pin 101 is -. This voltage must be present for normal operation.
If it is absent, check the Voltage Feedback Card, calibration, and
connections.
CURRENT FEEDBACK SIGNAL
(IFDBCK)
A. Motors overspeed/overtorque and A. Check for presence of IFDBCK at Pin 131 of the DC Control
SCR fuses may blow. Module. It should be +2.66 VDC when bridge current is 1,000
Amps.

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Table 3-6. DC Control Module Troubleshooting (Continued)

HAND THROTTLE REFERENCE
A. Hand Throttle does not work. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 117 (DW) of the DC Control module while moving
the Hand Throttle from one limit to the other. The voltage should vary from
Zero VDC (ZERO throttle) to -8 VDC (MAXIMUM throttle).
CEMENT PUMP CONSOLE
A. Hand Throttle Reference signal A. Monitor the voltages at Pin 110 (CP REF 2) and Pin 113 (CP REF 1) of the
missing. DC Control Module while moving the Hand Throttle from stop to stop. The
voltage at each Pin should vary between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC
(MAXIMUM). If the voltage at either pin is absent, trace the signal from the
Cement Pump HAND THROTTLE rheostat.
B. Cement Pump Contactor Signal B. Monitor the voltage at Pin 112 (CP CONT) of the DC Control Module. The
missing. voltage should be +10 VDC when the SCR Circuit Breaker is open. In
normal running, it will be -14 VDC when the Cement Pump Contactor
closes.
This signal will only be present on the SCR Units driving the
Cement Pump.
DRAWWORKS
A. Foot Throttle Reference Signal A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 114 (DW FT TH) of the DC Control Module while
used to drive Drawworks is moving the FOOT THROTTLE from stop to stop. The voltage at the Pin
missing. should vary between Zero (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If the
voltage is absent, trace the signal to the FOOT THROTTLE rheostat.
B. Drawworks Contactor Signal not B. Monitor the voltage at Pin 116 (DW CONT) of the DC Control Module. The
present. voltage should be +10 VDC when the SCR Circuit Breaker is open. In
normal running, it will be -14 VDC when the Drawworks Contactor closes.
Drawworks.
C. Drawworks Speed Reference C. Monitor the voltage at Pin 117 (DW SPD REF) of the DC Control Module
Signal not present. while moving the Drawworks Hand Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at
the Pin should vary between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC
(MAXIMUM). If the voltage is absent, trace the signal from the Drawworks
HAND THROTTLE rheostat.
The Propulsion Control Console ASSIGNMENT SWITCH must be
set to DRILLING (if applicable).
Drawworks.
DRILLER’S CONSOLE
A. Contactor Signal is missing. A. When SCR Circuit Breaker is closed, and DW is selected on the Driller’s
Console, the signal on Pin 116 (DW) of the DC Control Module should be -
14 VDC.
B. Hand Throttle On Driller’s Console B. With the SCR Bridge on, measure the voltage across Pins 101 (V BR+) and
is extremely sensitive. 102 (VBR-) of the DC Control Module. The voltage across the Pins should be
1/16 of the voltage on the SCR Bridge. When the SCR Bridge is +750 VDC,
the voltage between Pins 101 and 102 should be +46.8 VDC. Polarity of Pin
101 is + for series motors, – for shunt motors. Absence of the voltage will
cause this problem.

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C. Mud Pumps not pumping. C. Monitor the Mud Pump Contactor Signal voltage at Pin 121 (MP2
CONT) and Pin 124 (MP1 CONT) of the DC Control Module. The
voltage on each pin should be +10 VDC with the SCR Circuit Breaker
open, -14 VDC with the SCR Circuit Breaker closed and the MP
ASSIGNMENT CONTACTORS in this SCR Unit closed. This voltage
must be present to drive the Mud Pumps.
The MP1 CONT and MP2 CONT signals are only present on
SCR Units which are driving Mud Pumps.
The rig’s Mud Pump 2 may be driven from the DC Control
Module MP1 inputs. The Driller’s Console MP1/2 labels will
match the rig’s MP1/2 labels.
D. Mud Pump #1 Hand Throttle D. Monitor the voltage at Pin 125 (MP1 REF DC) and Pin 126 (MP1 REF
Reference Signal not present. MPC) of the DC Control Module while moving the Driller’s Console
Mud Pump #1 Hand Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at each of
the pins should vary between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC
(MAXIMUM). If the voltage at either of the pins is absent, trace the
signal to the MP rheostat on the Driller’s Console.
The Propulsion Console ASSIGNMENT SWITCH must be

set to DRILLING (if applicable).
E. Mud Pump #2 Hand Throttle E. Monitor the voltage at Pin 122 (MP2 REF DC) and Pin 123 (MP2 REF
Reference Signal not present MPC) of the DC Control Module while moving the Driller’s Console
Propulsion Hand Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at each of the
pins should vary between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC
(MAXIMUM). If the voltage at either of the pins is absent, trace the
signal to the MP rheostat on the Driller’s Console.
ENGINE ROOM CONSOLE
A. Propulsion Hand Throttle Speed A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 118 (P REF ERC) of the DC Control
Reference Signal not present. Module while moving the Engine Room Console Propulsion Hand
Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at the Pin should vary between
Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If the voltage is
absent, trace the signal to the PROPULSION HAND THROTTLE
rheostat on the Engine Room Console.
WHEEL HOUSE CONSOLE
A. Propulsion Hand Throttle Speed A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 119 (P REF WHC) of the DC Control
Reference Signal not present. Module while moving the Wheel House Console Propulsion Hand
Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at the Pin should vary between
Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If the voltage is
absent, trace the signal to the PROPULSION HAND THROTTLE
rheostat on the Wheel House Console.
ONE OR MORE OF THE SCRS NOT
FIRING
A. One or more of the six phase A. Check for the presence of a phase voltage signal at Pins 103 (V CA),
voltage signals are missing. 104 (VCB), 105 (VAB), 106 (VBA), 107 (VBC), and 108 (VAC) of the DC
Control Module. If absent or low, check the fuses and ground
connections.

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DC POWER LIMIT
A. DC Power Limit not working. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 115 (DC PWR LIM) of the DC Control
Module. The voltage should be -4 VDC for the system generators when
under no load, Zero VDC when the generators are at full load. If voltage
is missing or incorrect, troubleshoot the Power Limit Card located in the
Generator 1 Cubicle.
PROPULSION THRUSTERS NOT
DRIVING
A. Propulsion Contactor Signal not A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 120 (P CONT) of the DC Control Module.
present. The voltage should be +10 VDC with the SCR Circuit Breaker open, -14
VDC with SCR Circuit Breaker closed. This voltage must be present to
drive propulsion thrusters.
The P CONT signal is only present on the SCR Units driving
thrusters.
DYNAMIC BRAKE
A. Dynamic Brake Logic Signal DB A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 127 (DB FIELD) of the DC Control Module.
FIELD missing. The voltage should be Zero VAC with the SCR Circuit Breaker open,
120 VAC during the braking cycle with the SCR Circuit Breaker closed.
The DB FIELD signal is only present on SCR Units which are

driving the Drawworks.
B. Dynamic Brake Logic Signal DC B. Monitor the voltage at Pin 135 (DB CONT) of the DC Control Module.
CONT missing. When braking, the voltage should be 120 VAC in SCR units assigned to
Drawworks.
C. Dynamic Brake Logic Signal DBØ C. Monitor the voltage at Pin 138 (DBØ) of the DC Control Module. The
missing. voltage should be 120 VAC in SCR units assigned to Drawworks.
ROTARY TABLE
A. Rotary Table CURRENT LIMIT A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 128 (RT I LIM) of the DC Control Module
SIGNAL missing. while varying the Driller’s Console CURRENT LIMIT rheostat. It should
be between Zero VDC (50 AMPS) to -8 VDC (MAXIMUM CURRENT
LIMIT). If the voltage is absent, trace the signal to the CURRENT LIMIT
rheostat.
B. Rotary Table CONTACTOR B. Monitor the voltage at Pin 129 (RT CONT) of the DC Control module. It
SIGNAL missing. should be +14 VDC with the SCR Circuit Breaker open OR the SCR
Circuit Breaker closed and the DC Contactors open. In normal
operation, the voltage will be -14 VDC when the Rotary Table
Contactors open.
RT CONT will only be present in SCR Units which are driving

the Rotary Table.
C. Rotary Table HAND THROTTLE D. Monitor the voltage at Pin 130 (RT REF) and Pin 132 (RT REF 2) of the
reference from Driller’s Console DC Control Module while varying the Driller’s Console Hand Throttle. It
missing. should be between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) to -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If
either/both voltages are absent, trace the signal to the ROTARY
TABLE rheostat.

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Table 3-6. DC Control Module Troubleshooting (Concluded)

SCR BRIDGE CT ARMATURE CURRENT
FEEDBACK
A. Motor speed control not possible. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 131 (I FDBCK) of the DC Control Module. It
should be Zero VDC with the SCR Circuit Breaker open OR the SCR
Circuit Breaker closed and the DC Contactors open. In normal
operation, the voltage will be +2.66 VDC per 1,000 Amps out of the
bridge. If this signal is missing, motor speed control is not possible.
MUD PUMP
A. The two Mud Pumps are not load A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 133 (MP1 SLV) or Pin 136 (MP2 SLV) of the
sharing. DC Control Module with SCR Circuit Breaker open OR SCR Circuit
Breaker closed and DC Contactors open, the voltage at the pin will be
Zero VDC (floating). In normal operation, the voltage at the pin will be
5.1 VDC per 1,000 ADC. If voltage at the pin is not present, verify
requirement, check connections, and check jumpers.
ASSIGNMENT CONTACTOR
A. Assignment Contactor Logic Control A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 134 (CONT PS) of the DC Control Module. If
Signal missing. the MANUAL SWITCH of the DC Control Module is engaged, the
voltage will be +14 to +60 VDC.
PIN 109 OF THE DC CONTROL MODULE SPARE - NOT USED.
PIN 137 OF THE DC CONTROL MODULE DO NOT USE.
DC POWER SUPPLY
A. DC Power Supply voltage(s) missing. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 153 (+14 VDC) and Pin 154 (-14 VDC) of the
DC Control Module. If either or both voltages are missing, check fuses
F1, F2, and F3.
SCR FIRING PULSES The normal procedure in connecting the Oscilloscope is to
connect the Oscilloscope GROUND lead to the CATH pin of
the DC Control Module and the Oscilloscope PROBE lead to
the GATE pin of the DC Control Module.
A. A+ SCR Firing Pulse. A. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 139 (A+ GATE) and Pin 140 (A+
CATH).
B. A- SCR Firing Pulse. B. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 141 (A- GATE) and Pin 142 (A-
CATH).
C. B+ SCR Firing Pulse. C. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 143 (B+ GATE) and Pin 144 (B+
CATH).
D. B- SCR Firing Pulse. D. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 145 (B- GATE) and Pin 146 (C-
CATH).
E. C+ SCR Firing Pulse. E. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 147 (C+ GATE) and Pin 148 (C+
CATH).
F. C- SCR Firing Pulse. F. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 149 (C- GATE) and Pin 150 (C-
CATH).
For normal running, consult Figure 3-14 (DC Regulator

Circuit).

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156 DO NOT USE FOR VBR 101 FOR

SERIES SHUNT
155 GND MOTORS VRB 102 MOTORS
154 - 14V(A) VCA 103
153 +14V(A) VCB 104
152 SHUNT VAB 105
151 AUX REF 1 VBA 106
150 C - CATH VBC 107
149 C - GATE VAC 108
148 C+ CATH DWB CONT 109
147 C+ GATE CP REF 2 110
146 B - CATH PROP DB 111
145 B - GATE CP CONT 112
144 B+ CATH CP REF 1 113
143 B+ GATE DW FT TH 114
142 A - CATH PWR LMT 115
141 A - GATE DWA CONT 116
140 A+ CATH DW SPD REF 117
139 A+ GATE P REF ERC 118
MP1 REF MPC
MP2 REF MPC

DO NOT USE
MP1 REF DC
MP2 REF DC
PROP CONT
P REF WHC
MP1 CONT
MP2 CONT
SCR AMPS
DB FIELD
DB CONT
RT CONT
RT REF 2
RT REF 1
CNT -14
RT CL
SLV 2
SLV 1
DB
138
137
136
135
134
133
132
131
130
129
128
127
126
125
124
123
122
121
120
119
Figure 3-19. DC Control Module Pinout

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5 REMOVAL AND REPAIR
5.1 Double Access (1200, 1500)
See Figure 3-20 for a overall front view of the assemblies in the SCR cubicle.
Figure 3-20. Typical Model 1200 or 1500 Generator/SCR Cubicle - Double Access

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5.1.1 SCR Cell
While performing this procedure, refer to Figures 3-20 and 3-21.
To remove an SCR cell, simply disconnect the incoming wires to the terminal board on the
components plate, and remove the bus stubs from the bus bars. Each stub is attached to
the bus bar with two 3/8 Inch bolts.
The trigger fuse lead on the spare SCR cell is left unhooked. If it is to be a + cell (located at
the front of the cubicle), connect the lead to the left stub, which is attached to the +DC bus
bar. If it is to be a - cell (located at the rear of the cubicle), connect lead to the right stub,
which is attached to the -DC bus bar (the wire should always be attached to the SCR cell
bus bar that supports the fuse).
5.1.2 SCR Replacement
To replace an SCR, perform the following procedure.
5.1.3 SCR Removal and Reassembly Procedure for Front and Rear Access, Horizontal
Bridge
1. Trip the SCR Circuit Breaker before touching any part of the SCR Enclosure.

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10 11
3
4
1
6
7 13 9
11 14
10 12 8 7
Item Description
1. Pulse Transformer
2. 1 F Capacitor
3. Fuse
4. Microswitch
5. TB1
6. TB2
7. Heat Sink
8. 25, 55W Resistor
9. Clamp
10. Bus Stub
11. GEN Stub
12. SCR
13. Overtemperature Switch
14. Pressure Gauge
Figure 3-21. SCR Cell Mechanical View - Double Access

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2. Tools needed: screwdriver, 7/16" box end wrench, socket wrench handle and
extension, 3/8" socket, and ½" socket.
3. Discharge the capacitor by short circuiting the terminals with screwdriver.
4. Replace the trigger fuse if its plunger has tripped the microswitch.

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5. Disconnect wires leading into the enclosure at the terminal board.
6. Remove the SCR enclosure by loosening the attaching bolts.
7. Remove the fuse assembly, if necessary, using a hex wrench.

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8. Remove the 1/4” bolts at the back of the enclosure and disconnect the Gate (G) and
Cathode (K) leads. Once these things have been accomplished, extract the Gate (G)
and Cathode (K) leads through the hole in the Glastic box.
9. Disconnect the capacitor and trigger fuse leads and lift out the Glastic box.

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10. Loosen the two 3/8" bolt clamp and lift out the SCR.
11. Separate the heatsink connections and lift out the SCR.
12. Replace the SCR and reassemble in reverse order. Braid the SCR leads.

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13. Tighten both clamp bolts equally until the gauge reads recommended value.
14. Reinstall the Glastic box and connect the capacitor and trigger fuse leads.
15. Insert the leads through the Glastic box hole and reinstall the 1/4" bolts.

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16. Replace the fuse assembly using a hex wrench.
17. Replace the SCR enclosure and tighten the attaching bolts.
18. Connect the wires leading into the enclosure at the terminal board.

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19. Account for all your tools before closing the SCR Circuit Breaker

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6 REMOVAL & REPAIR
6.1 Front Access (1400)
See Figure 3-22 for a front view of the assemblies in the SCR cubicle.
SCR Bridge Cell
See Figure 3-23 for a mechanical layout drawing of the SCR Bridge Cell.
SCR Replacement
To replace an SCR, refer to the following removal/assembly procedure.

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Figure 3-22. SCR Cubicle - Front Access (1400), Vertical Bridge

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Item Description
1 AC Bus Bar
2 Fuse
3 Fuse Trip Indicator
4 Pressure Gauge
5 SCR
6 25  , 55 W Resistor
7 DC Bus Bar
8 Overtemperature Switch
9 1  f Capacitor
10 Pulse Transformer
11 Heatsink
Figure 3-23. Layout of Front Access Vertical Bridge Model 1400 SCR Cubicle
6.1.1 SCR Removal and Reassembly Procedure for Front Access, Vertical Model 1400 SCR
Bridge
1. Trip the SCR Circuit Breaker before touching any part of the SCR enclosure.
2. Tools needed: screwdriver, 7/16" box-end wrench, and ½" combination wrench.

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3. Remove fuse assembly to access SCR assembly. Unfasten Trip Indicator leads.
4. Place paper under the enclosure to catch any nuts or washers.

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5. Disconnect the Gate (G) and Cathode (K) leads and pull through the stuffing tube.
6. Pull out the clip lead which connects the resistor to the heatsink.
7. Using the 7/16" box-end wrench, disconnect the bus from the heatsink.

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8. Use the ½" wrench to remove the heatsink bolts clamping the SCR.
9. Carefully slide out the front heatsink and SCR assembly.
10. Lift out the defective SCR and put in new one. Braid the SCR leads.

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11. Carefully slide reinstall the front heatsink and SCR assembly.
12. Tighten the SCR clamping bolts until the pressure gauge reads 2,500 lb.
13. Using the 7/16" box-end wrench, reconnect the bus to the heatsink.

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14. Reconnect the clip lead which connects the resistor to the heatsink.
15. Pull the SCR leads through the stuffing tube and reconnect them.
16. Remove the paper placed under the enclosure.

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17. Fasten the Trip Indicator leads and replace the fuse assembly.
18. Count your tools before closing the SCR Circuit Breaker.

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Technical Manual

RIG/PLANT REFERENCE REFERENCE DESCRIPTION

ADDITIONAL CODE SDRL CODE TOTAL PGS

Client Document Number 20605-49 N

N 08.04.2005 Updated to New Template BKF

Revision Change Description

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Three Phase AC Input

DC Output per SCR Unit

Zero to current-limit-value Amps continuous at stall throughout maximum voltage.

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SCR BRIDGE SCR BRIDGE

Figure 3-1. Parallel Connection of SCR Bridges

These values are available on the system one line printer.

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Controls and Indicators

These are mounted on the door panel of the SCR Cubicle.

Air Flow Rating

1,500 cubic meters per minute through each SCR cell.

Voltage: 600 VAC.

Intake Air Filter Rating

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Figure 3-2. DC Control Module Indicators

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1. SCR Unit is ON but not assigned to any of the DC functions.

Table 3-1. SCR Unit Test

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Table 3-1. SCR Unit Test (Concluded)

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Table 3-2. SCR Bridge Test

Figure 3-3. SCR Firing Pulse

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Table 3-2. SCR Bridge Test (Concluded)

The Voltage Feedback waveform provides an

Figure 3-4. Voltage Feedback Waveform

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Table 3-3. SCR Test

Figure 3-6. Comparison of SCR Amps and

SCR MISFIRING SCR NOT FIRING

Figure 3-5. Current Feedback Waveform

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Table 3-3. SCR Test (Concluded)

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Troubleshooting consists of locating a malfunctioning component in the SCR Unit. The

3.1 Theory of Operation

3.1.1 SCR Bridge

3.1.2 Circuit Breaker

The Circuit Breaker is actually a power switch.

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Blown SCR Fuse

3.1.3 Current Feedback

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Figure 3-7. SCR Unit Schematic Diagram

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Figure 3-8. SCR Unit Schematic Diagram (Continued)

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Figure 3-8. SCR Unit Schematic Diagram (Concluded)

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3.1.5 Firing Pulse

3.1.6 Voltage Feedback