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202-Fms Timing Belts Calc Methods en
202-Fms Timing Belts Calc Methods en
Calculation methods
Contents
Formulae 2
Calculation 5
Calculation examples 7
Calculation sheets 15
Tables 26
1. Forces
103 · P
= [N]
v
FU = FA + FH + FR ... [N]
2. Masses
2
3. Measurements
Bore diameter d mm
Pitch diameter d0 mm d0 = z · t/π [mm], catalogue value
Outside diameter dk mm Catalogue value of timing belt pulley supplier
Take-up pulley diameter ds mm
Width of timing belt pulley, take-up pulley b mm
Belt width b₀ mm
Belt length untensioned l mm for i = 1:
for 2-shaft drives l = 2 · e + π · d₀ = 2 · e + z · t [mm]
for i ≠ 1:
2
t · (z2 + z1) 1 t · (z2 – z1)
l= + 2e +
2 4e π
Belt length general mm l = z · t [mm]
Clamping length per belt end lk
mm for AdV 07
Centre distance (exact) e mm is calculated from l
Centre distance (exact) Δe mm Rotating 2-pulley drives and
2-pulley linear drives
(AdV 07clamped):
FV · l
∆e = [mm]
2 · cspec
∆e ∆e
FV · l
∆e = [mm]
2 · cspec ∆e
e e
Clamped belt (AdV 07)
e ∆e
FV · l
∆e = [mm]
cspec
e
F ·l
∆e = V [mm]
c spec
Positioning deviation under F F
∆s = [mm]; ∆smin = [mm]
influence of external forces Δs mm c cmax
3
Formulae
5. Quantities of Motion
Acceleration a m/s2
Acceleration due to gravity g m/s2 g = 9.81 [m/s2]
Travel total sv mm sv = sa + s'a + sc [mm]
a · ta2 · 103 v2 · 103
Accelerating (braking) distance sa (s'a) mm sa (sa') = = [mm]
2 2·a
Travel where v = constant sc mm sc = v · tc · 103 [mm]
v 2 · sa
Accelerating (braking) time ta (t'a) s ta (ta') =
a
=
a · 1000
[s]
sc
Travel time where v = constant tc s tc = [s]
v · 103
Travel time total tv s tv = ta + ta' + tc [s]
Gear ratio i
6. Other Values/Abbreviations
l1 l2
l 4 · cl2 spec
cmin1= [N/mm]
cmin for l₁ = l₂ spec 4·cl
cmin = [N/mm]
l
1 c · 1000
Natural frequency fe fe =
s-1 · [s-1]
2π mL
n
Exciter frequency f0 s-1
f0 = [s-1]
60
Tooth base service factor Stooth Stooth = F'U /F'U req
Tension member service factor Stm Stm = Fper /FB
Number of teeth z where i = 1
Number of teeth on small pulley z1 where i ≠ 1
Number of teeth on large pulley z2 where i ≠ 1
Minimum number of teeth zmin Table value from calculation sheet
Minimum take-up pulley diameter ds min mm Table value from calculation sheet
Power to be transmitted P kW F · n · d0 F ·v
P= U = U 3 [kW]
19.1 · 106 10
Torque to be transmitted T Nm T = FU · d0 [Nm]
2 · 103
Timing belt open AdV 07
Timing belt welded endless AdV 09
4
Calculation method for B 92 timing belts
FU =
2 · 103 · T
d0
=
19.1 · 106 · P
n · d0
=
103 · P
v
[N]
Effective pull FU [N]
to be transmitted 1
0 d ·n z·t
and with
v= [m/s] d0 = [mm]
3 19.1 · 10 π
Operational and acceleration factor c2 and c3 take from tables 2 and 3 Maximum effective pull FU max [N] 2
FU max = FU · (c2 + c3) [N]
c1 = z/2 for i = 1
Teeth in mesh factor c1 for the
driving (smaller) pulley 3
z (z – z ) · t
c1 = 1 · arc cos 2 1
for i ≠ 1
180 2·π·e
Always round down calculated values for c1 to the smaller round figure.
Note maximum values in table 1!
Estimate number of teeth if not given and determine n.
FU max
Specific effective pull
required F'U req [N] 4
F'U req = [N]
c1
Find F'U req in the belt overview graph and move horizontally to the right to the
Belt selection from graphs
point of intersection with the speed in question. All belt pitches which lie above
this point can be used in principle.
Select belt type and find point of intersection on the calculation sheet for that par- F'U [N] of selected belt type
ticular type. The curve above the point of intersection gives the belt width b0 [mm].
The point where speed and width curve intersect gives the transmittable effective
pull F'U [N].
l = 2 · e + z · t = 2 · e + π · d0 [mm] for i = 1
2
Belt length l [mm] 5
t · (z2 – z1)
for 1 t · (z2 – z1) i ≠ 1
l= + 2e + [mm]
2 4e π
I must always be an integral multiple of the belt pitch t in mm. Equations
are valid for rotating 2-pulley drives. Calculate other designs according to Belt mass mR [kg]
their geometry.
mR = m'R · l/1000 [kg]; mR' from calculation sheet Reduced mass of timing belt
For calculation see formulae. pulley and take-up pulleys
Timing belt pulley measurements from catalogue. mZ red , mS red [kg].
5
Calculation method for B 92 timing belts
6 Check FU with FA
including mR , Repeat steps 1 – 4 if the influence of the belt mass must not be neglected;
mZ red and mS red e.g. on linear drives with high acceleration.
9 Take-up range Δe [mm] Rotating 2-pulley drives and 2-pulley linear drive
(AdV 07 clamped) ∆e
(For endless belts: FV · l
∆e = [mm]
Elongation at fitting 2 · cspec
e
ε approx. 0.1 %
For open material: Clamped belt (AdV 07)
Elongation at fitting ∆e
ε approx. 0.2 %) F ·l
∆e = V [mm]
cspec
e
l2
cmin and cmax as per extreme right and left positions of slide.
4 · cspec
cmin = [N/mm] for l1 = l2
l l1 l2
F
∆smax = [mm]
cmin
12 Resonance behaviour:
Natural frequency: fe [s-1] fe =
1
2π
·
c · 1000
m
[s-1] fe ≠ f 0
There is then no danger of resonance.
Exciter frequency: f0 [s-1] n
f0 = [s-1]
60
6
Calculation example 1
Required: Belt type and width b0, RPM, timing belt pulley data, pretensioning
force and take-up range, effective pull, positioning accuracy
FU = FA + FR [N]
Effective pull FU [N] 1
FA = 25 kg · 15 m/s2 = 375 N Effective pull FU [N] to be
FU = 375 N + 80 N = 455 N transmitted – approximate.
Mass of timing belt pulley and belt neglected.
Operational and
acceleration c2 and c3 2
c2 = 1.4 because of high acceleration
c3 = 0 as i = 1 FU max – approximate.
455 N · 1.4 = FU max = 637 N
F'U req =
FU max
= 53.08 N
F'U req 4
c1
7
Calculation example 1
1500
AT 20/100 mm
F'U [N]
use AT and HTD!
1200 HTD 14M/115 mm
1100
900
T 20/100 mm
700
AT 10/100 mm
600
HTD 8M/85 mm
500 T 10/8mm
H/101,6 mm
400
L/101,6 mm
300
200 AT 5/50 mm
T 5/50 mm
100
Overview graph
800
F'U [N]
AT10
100
500
400
50
300
32
200
25
F'U 140 N
F'U = 140 N 100
F'U req 53 N 0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
572
AT 10 graph
8
FA = (25 kg + 1 kg + 2 · 0.34 kg) · a
FA = 400.2 N
FU max exact including
mR and mZ red 6
FU = 400.2 + 80 = 480 N
FU max = 480 · 1.4 = 675 N
F'U req = 56.02 N
Stooth =
F'U
=
140
= 2.5 >1 Demand fulfilled
Tooth base service factor Stooth 7
F'Ureq 56.02
∆e =
FV · l
=
1000 N · 6290 mm
= 3.14 mm
Take-up range Δe [mm]
cspec from calculation sheet for AT 10 9
2 · cspec 2 · 106 N
cmin =
l
l1 · l2
· cspec=
6290 - 2 · 80
2684 · 3446
· cspec = 662.77 N/mm Spring rate of system cmin; cmax 10
l 6290 - 2 · 80 l1 and l2 from diagram!
cmax = · cspec = · cspec = 5602.96 N/mm
l1 · l2 184 · 5946
fe =
1
2π
·
cmin · 1000
mL
= 25.7 s-1
Natural frequency of system 12
n 562 Exciter frequency
f0 = = = 9,4 s-1 i.e. no danger of resonance
60 60
Required: Belt type, length, take-up range, timing belt pulley data
2 Operational and
acceleration factor
c3 = 0, as i = 1
c2 = 1.2 selected (20 % reserve)
FU max = 1.2 · 8.3 N = 106 N for 2 belts
FU max = 53 N per belt
FU max
4 F'U req = = 8.8 N
1500
Specific effective
c1
AT 20/100 mm
F'U [N]
1100
Speed 900
75
700
600
HTD 8M/85 mm
500 T 10/8mm
H/101,6 mm
400
L/101,6 mm
300
200
T5
F'U [N]
90
80
32
70
60
25
F'U = 34 N 40
F'U 34 N
16
30
10
20
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
127 T 5 graph
10
d0 · π
teeth
t
= Z = 47.1 Selecting timing belt pulley 5
Selected: Z = 48 teeth; standard pulley
FU max = FR · 1.2
FR = (20 · 1.8 kg + 2 · 1.53 kg) · 9.81 · 0.25 = 95.8 N
FU max including mR of tight side 6
FU max = 115 N = 57.5 N/belt
If increase is negligible, further calculation unnecessary
Stooth =
F'U · c1
=
34 · 6
= 3.69 >1 Demand fulfilled
Tooth base service factor 7
F'U max 57.5
FV ≥ 0.5 · FU max
Pretensioning force FV 8
Selected: FV = 40 N
Fper 270 N
Demand
Stm = = = 2.8 >1 fulfilled
FB 97.5 N
∆e =
FV · l
with cspec = 0.12 · 106 from calculation sheet
Take-up range Δe
9
2 · cspec
40 · 40240
∆e = = 6.7 mm
2 · 0.12 · 106
11
Calculation example 3
Lifting device
Required: Belt type and length, pretensioning force, take-up range, speed.
Rough operating conditions!
2 Operational factor c2
Acceleration factor c3
c3 = 0 as i = 1
c2 = 2.0 because of rough operating conditions
FU max = 1606 · 2 = 3212 N distributed between 2 belts
FU max= 1606 N pro belt
4
1500
Specific effective FU max AT 20/100 mm
1100
1000 T 20/100 mm
800
AT 10/100 mm
700
n= = 273 min-1
HTD 8M/85 mm
500 T 10/8mm
d0 400
H/101,6 mm
L/101,6 mm
300
200 AT 5/50 mm
are possible.
Selected: HTD 14M because Overview graph
of large reserves. 1300
HTD 14M
F'U [N]
115
1000
900 85
800
700
F'U = 306 N
600
55
40
400
200
273
12
HTD 14M graph
Z=
d0 · π
t
=
140 · π
14
= 31.4
Pulley selected 5
Selected: Z = 32; standard pulley => n = 268 min-1
l = 3500 · 2 + Z · t – 500 + 2 · 114
l = 7176 mm 512.6 teeth Belt length
l selected: 512 teeth 7168 mm
FU = FA + FH + FR
FH = 736 N
FU with belt and pulley mass
considered 6
FR = 120 N
FA = (75 kg + 12.7 kg + 2 · 3.155 kg) · 10 m/s2 = 940 N
1800
F'U req = = 150 N
12
Stooth =
F'U
=
310
= 2.07 >1 Demand fulfilled
Tooth base service factor Stooth
7
F'U req 150
13
Calculation example 3
Lifting device
Fper 8500
Tension member service factor Stm Stm =
= = 2.24 >1 Demand fulfilled
FB 3800
FV · l 7168 · 2000
∆e = = = 3.38 mm
2 · cspec 2 · 2.12 · 106
Safety note In the case of lifting devices the regulations of professional/trade associations
should be observed. If necessary, safety from breakage must be proven from
the breaking load of the belt.
With open material AdV 07 this is approximately 4 times the permissible force
on each strand Fper.
Exact values on request.
14
Overview graph
1500
AT 20/100 mm
F'U [N]
1100
1000 T 20/100 mm
900
800
AT 10/100 mm
700
600
HTD 8M/85 mm
500 T 10/100mm
H/101.6 mm
400
L/101.6 mm
300
200 AT 5/50 mm
T 5/50 mm
100
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
15
Calculation sheet
120
50
Specific effective pull
F'U [N]
T5
100
90
80
32
70
60
25
50
40
16
30
10
20
10
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
Value b0 [mm] 10 16 25 32 50
Fper [N] AdV 09 150 230 410 460 830
Fper [N] AdV 07 310 460 830 930 1660
Cspec [N] · 106 0.08 0.12 0.19 0.24 0.38
m'R [kg/m] 0.024 0.038 0.06 0.077 0.12
Value b0 [mm] 10 16 25 32 50
Fper [N] AdV 09 210 300 490 600 900
Fper [N] AdV 07 430 610 980 1200 1800
Cspec [N] · 106 0.06 0.09 0.14 0.18 0.29
m'R [kg/m] 0.020 0.032 0.050 0.064 0.10
* The specifications stated are empirical. Nevertheless, our specifications do not cover all applications on the market. It is the OEM’s responsibility to check whether
Forbo Siegling products are suitable for particular applications. The data provided is based on our in-house experience and does not necessarily correspond to product
behaviour in industrial applications. Forbo Siegling cannot assume any liability for the suitability and reliability in different processes of its products. Furthermore,
we accept no liability for the results produced in processes, damage or consequential damage in conjunction with the usage of our products.
16
Calculation sheet
180
50
Specific effective pull
F'U [N]
AT 5
140
120
32
100
25
80
60
16
40
10
20
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
Value b0 [mm] 10 16 25 32 50
Fper [N] AdV 09 320 560 920 1120 1840
Fper [N] AdV 07 640 1120 1840 2240 3680
Cspec [N] · 106 0.17 0.27 0.42 0.54 0.84
m'R [kg/m] 0.03 0.048 0.075 0.096 0.15
Value b0 [mm] 10 16 25 32 50
Fper [N] AdV 09 341 568 908 1172 1851
Fper [N] AdV 07 455 757 1210 1562 2468
Cspec [N] · 106 0.13 0.20 0.32 0.41 0.63
m‘R [kg/m] 0.027 0.043 0.068 0.086 0.135
17
Calculation sheet
500
100
F'U [N]
T 10
400
75
350
300
250 50
200
32
150
25
100
16
50
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
18
Calculation sheet
800
F'U [N]
600
75
500
400
50
300
32
200
25
100
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
19
Calculation sheet
1000
100
F'U [N]
T 20
800
75
700
600
500 50
400
300 32
25
200
100
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
20
Calculation sheet
1600
F'U [N]
1200
75
1000
800
50
600
32
400
25
200
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
21
Calculation sheet
400
F'U [N]
300
76,2
250
200
50,8
150
38,1
100
25,4
19,1
50 12,7
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
22
Calculation sheet
450
101,6
F'U [N]
350
76,2
300
250
50,8
200
38,1
150
25,4
100
19,1
50 12,7
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
23
Calculation sheet
600
F'U [N]
HTD 8M
500
450
400
350
50
300
250
200 30
150
20
100
50
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
Value b0 [mm] 20 30 50 85
Fper [N] AdV 09 1440 2400 3840 7320
Fper [N] AdV 07 2880 4800 7680 14640
Cspec [N] · 106 0.7 1.05 1.75 2.98
m'R [kg/m] 0.138 0.207 0.345 0.587
Value b0 [mm] 20 30 50 85
Fper [N] AdV 09 1033 1593 2713 4673
Fper [N] AdV 07 1377 2123 3617 6230
Cspec [N] · 106 0.53 0.79 1.31 2.24
m'R [kg/m] 0.094 0.142 0.236 0.400
24
Calculation sheet
1300
F'U [N]
1000
900 85
800
700
600
55
500
40
400
300
200
100
0
10 100 1000 [1/min] 10000
25
Tables
26
Resistances
Chemical Resistance Chemical Resistance
27
Siegling – total belting solutions
07/13 · UD · Reproduction of text or parts thereof only with our approval. Subject of change.
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