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REVIEW OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING THEORY AND PRACTICE

INVENTORY ESTIMATION

1. Benguet Company’s accounting records indicated the following for 2005:

Inventory, January 1 P6,000,000

Purchases 20,000,000
Sales 30,000,000

A physical inventory taken on December 31, 2005 resulted in an ending inventory of

P4,500,000. The gross profit on sales remained constant at 30% in recent years.
Benguet suspects some inventory may have been taken by a new employee. At
December 31, 2005 what is the estimated cost of missing inventory?
a. P5,000,000 c. P500,000
b. P4,500,000 d. P 0

2. The Atok Corporation was organized on January 1, 2004. On December 31, 2005, the
corporation lost most of its inventory in a warehouse fire just before the year-end count
of inventory was to take place. Data from the records disclosed the following:

2004 2005
Beginning inventory, January 1 P 0 P1,020,000
Purchases 4,300,000 3,460,000
Purchases returns and allowances 230,600 323,000
Sales 3,940,000 4,180,000
Sales returns and allowances 80,000 100,000

On January 1, 2005, the Corporation’s pricing policy was changed so that the gross
profit rate would be three percentage points higher than the one earned in 2004.

Salvaged undamaged merchandise was marked to sell at P120,000 while damaged

merchandise was marked to sell at P80,000 had an estimated realizable value of
P18,000.

How much is the inventory loss due to fire?

a. P918,200 c. P856,200
b. P947,000 d. P824,600

3. The work-in-process inventory of Bakun Company were completely destroyed by fire

on June 1, 2005. You were able to establish physical inventory figures as follows:
January 1, 2005 June 1, 2005
Raw materials P 60,000 P120,000
Work-in-process 200,000 -
Finished goods 280,000 240,000
Sales from January 1 to May 31, were P546,750. Purchases of raw materials were
P200,000 and freight on purchases, P30,000. Direct labor during the period was
P160,000. It was agreed with insurance adjusters than an average gross profit rate of
35% based on cost be used and that direct labor cost was 160% of factory overhead.

The work in process inventory destroyed as computed by the adjuster

a. P314,612 c. P185,000
b. P366,000 d. P265,000
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4. Tublay uses the retail inventory method to approximate the lower of average cost or
market. The following information is available for the current year:
Cost Retail
Beginning inventory P 1,300,000 P 2,600,000
Purchases 18,000,000 29,200,000
Freight in 400,000
Purchase returns 600,000 1,000,000
Purchase allowances 300,000
Departmental transfer in 400,000 600,000
Net markups 600,000
Net markdowns 2,000,000
Sales 24,400,000
Sales discounts 200,000
Employee discounts 600,000

What should be reported as the estimated cost of inventory at the end of the current
year?
a. P3,120,000 c. P3,000,000
b. P3,200,000 d. P3,840,000

5. Trinidad Company uses the average cost retail method to estimate its inventory. Data
relating to the inventory at December 31, 2005 are:
Cost Retail
Inventory, January 1 P 2,000,000 P3,000,000
Purchases 10,600,000 14,000,000
Net markups 1,600,000
Net markdowns 600,000
Sales 12,000,000
Estimated normal shoplifting losses 400,000
Estimated normal shrinkage is 5% of sales

Trinidad’s cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2004 is
a. P9,100,000 c. P8,400,000
b. P8,680,000 d. P7,700,000

6. Mankayan Company uses the first-in, first-out retail method of inventory valuation. The
following information is available:

Cost Retail
Beginning inventory P 2,500,000 4,000,000
Purchases 13,500,000 16,000,000
Net markups 3,000,000
Net markdowns 1,000,000
Sales 15,000,000

What would be the estimated cost of the ending inventory?

a. P7,000,000 c. P5,110,000
b. P5,250,000 d. P4,750,000

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