command

command -options
command input
command -options input1 input2

pwd
--Present Working Dir
--used to identify path of current folder

ls--list
used to list files and dir

ls -ltr
l--long(Properties of files)
t--time(in default order is desc)
r--reverse
h--human readable format
S--sort mem size(in default order is desc)
a--all, including hidden files(. and ..)
A--all, including hidden files(without . and ..)
F--file format *-->all permission @-->link /--->dir

File Types
- Normal Files or ordinary files
d Dierctory file
l Link file

c Char spl file

b Block spl file
s sortcut spl file

ls -l

column1 file or dir permission

col2 files or dir linked
col3 user
col4 group
col5 memory size
col6 created or modified time
col7 file or dir

note:
if i create empty file mem of the file is zero
if i create empty dir mem of the dir is 4k

ls -ltr
ls -lSrh

How to find hidden files or dot files?

ls -a

How to list files and dir with with respect to time reverse?
ls -ltr

How to based on memory of files and dir?

ls -lSrh

Dir mauplaion
mkdir---make dir
cd--change dir

mkdir d1
rmdir d1

How to create multiple dir?

mkdir d1 d2 d3 d4

How to remove multiple dir?

---If i remove dir, it should be empty
rmdir d1 d2 d3 d4

(.)---current dir
(..)--previous dir
(../..)--2 step back
cd user home dir

How to create nested dir?

d1/d2/d3/d4
mkdir -p d1/d2/d3/d4/d5

How to remove nested dir?

d1/d2/d3/d4
rm -r d1

note
if i want to remove empty dir i can use rmdir, but is not an empty dir i have to
use rm -r

-r -- reg

Absolute path
-------------
--we hae to mention home with user name no navigte dir
cd /home/user/d1/d2/d3

Relative path
-------------
cd dd1/dd2/dd3
cd ./dd1/dd2/dd3

File
-----

how to create empty file?

touch file_name

how to create multiple empty file?

touch file1 file2 file3

how to remove file?

rm file_name

how to remove multiple files?

rm file1 file2 file3

How to view a file content?

cat file_name
cat < file_name
cat 0< file_name

note:
if we want to create new empty file i have to use touch
if file is already exist, created or modified time of file will be change

cat --Concat
cat file_name -we can view file
cat > file_name --create new file with line text or if file already exists info
will replace
cat >> file_name --create new file with line text or if file already exists info
will append

how to create non empty file?

cat > file_name
add info
ctl+d---save

or

cat >> file_name

add info
ctl+d---save

Output redirection
cat >>----append
cat >---replace

How to print file contect in reverse string?

rev file_name
How to print reverse file lines?
tac file_name

all files and dir in current dir but.

rm -r *
How to remove only empty dir?
rmdir *
How to remove non empty dir?
rm -r *
--but this command will remove files and empty dir also
How to remove only files in current dir?
rm *
How to remove txt files?
rm *.txt
How to remove files starting wil char s?
rm s*
How to remove file which having extention?
rm *.*

*--> one or many char

Note:
We cannot able to remove only non empty dir if i try ro use rm -r * this command
will remove all the files and dir inclusing non empty and empty dir