Similarities: Golden age for Arts, Culture, and Islam (Abbasid Caliphate).

Monarchy, a
strong army, and had also formed relations with other empires/nations.

Differences: Religion, Laws, Meritocracy system, Medicine

Explanation:
Similarities:

Both were a monarchy. They had their golden age for their arts and culture. Abbasid
Caliphate is also known for the golden age of Islam. In the period of the Tang Empire, arts
and culture were also rising. A different genre of music was created, Music instruments,
paintings, dancers. and poems were present in the Tang culture. Abbasid Caliphate was
also into music but they were more focused on learning. They had established a public
library to translate philosophical and scientific works from Greek and other languages and
served as a Public library.
Both had a strong army and ruled a vast territory. They had formed relations through trading
products such as silks, tea, spices, and other high-value trade goods, although Abbasid
Caliphate at that time was known as the central trading post.

Differences:
Both had different religions. Taoism was the religion of the Tang empire and Abbasid
Caliphate embraced Sunni Islam. Abbasid Caliphate's Laws were founded based on the
religion Islam as for the Tang Empire, they perpetuated the activities of the Dynasty before
them with minor to no innovation. Both used and formed their forces to acquire and claim
the territory of other nations. Abbasid Caliphate used a banking system while the Tang
empire used a monetary system. The Tang empire had also allocated equal amounts of
Land to their adult males and in return would ask for tax payments. Tang Empire had also
focused on creating civil service exams to increase the quality of men working in the court.
Abbasid Caliphate had also practiced medicine specifically Persian medicine practices.