radiator and cooling system: The main objectives of the PSP mission are to understand the

coronal heating, the origination of the solar wind, and the mechanisms which accelerate and
transport the energetic particles..The in-situ measurements and imaging, powered by a pair of
solar array wings, will be used to understand how the sun's corona is heated and how the solar
wind is accelerated. Because PSP is solar powered, a pair of solar array wings mounted on PSP’s
+y and –y axes are responsible for providing the needed electricity to its onboard electronics and
instrument. the PSP’s vast solar distance variation (from 215 Rs during launch to 9.86 Rs in its
final perihelia)the peak solar flux can be as high as ~500 suns, or 70 W/cm2 , which is more than
50 times higher than the solar heating seen by any previous spacecraft. As the PSP orbits close to
the sun, the cooling system removes the excess heat from the solar cells to prevent them from
overheating.working fluid should meet these main three requirements. First, the working fluid
should be able to be operated in a wide temperature range, from -80 °C to +150 °C. Second, the
working fluid should be capable of rejecting the designed maximum amount of heat. Third, the
working fluid should not consume more than the allotted power throughout PSP’s mission.There
is no suitable working fluid that could meet all these three requirements simultaneously.After
extensive studies, a single phase mechanical pump flow loop with water as the working fluid was
selected due to the unique operating environment of the PSP. Although it is an excellent heat
transfer fluid, water has a major disadvantage: its high freezing point.A unique operating strategy
involving two activations and multiple hot slews was developed to prevent the water from
freezing throughout the whole mission.​The Parker Solar Probe cooling system has several
components: a heated accumulator tank that will hold the water during launch ("If water was in
the system, it would freeze," Lockwood said); two-speed pumps; and four radiators made of
titanium tubes and sporting aluminum fins just two hundredths of an inch thick. As with all
p​ower on the spacecraft, the cooling system is powered by the solar arrays—the very arrays it
needs to keep cool to ensure its operation. At nominal operating capacity, the system provides
6,000 watts of cooling capacity—enough to cool an average-sized living room​.​ ​Though the solar
arrays rely on the Sun's energy to create electrical power for the spacecraft, they're also very
sensitive to overheating. Water flows through mini-channels embedded in the solar arrays to
absorb heat, then flows into four radiators to release that heat into space. This keeps the solar
p​anels cool while near the Sun, allowing them to efficiently generate power for the
spacecraft.Though the Sun-facing side of Parker Solar Probe's heat shield will reach​ ​temperatures
as high as 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit when the spacecraft is close to the Sun, the​ ​SACS will keep
the solar arrays — partially exposed to the Sun's direct radiation — at less than​ ​302
degrees.Roughly one hour after Parker Solar Probe's launch the spacecraft autonomously
released the launch locks on its two solar arrays and deployed the panels. The spacecraft then
released approximately two-thirds of a gallon of deionized water from a heated tank into two of
four large radiators, mounted just below the spacecraft's heat shield.when the spacecraft had
reached a distance of about 84 million miles (135 million kilometers) from the Sun — the
remaining one-third of a gallon of water was released, activating the last two radiators and
making the SACS fully operational.
 I am
mainly working on cspr(cooling system primary radiator) which images are shown above.
There are many small small tubes in the radiator.hot water from solar array flows in these small
tubes there it will be cooled by wind ,wind absorbs the hotness of water and releases it in the
atmosphere and this process will be repeated.

The main problem to design this is related to dimension and detailed pictures of the object
because on the internet dimension and detailed pictures of every small part of the radiator is
not available and without proper dimension it will be difficult to make this . but by relative
measurement of things or by some software i will try to make a good design of radiator.

Source
1. ​The revolutionary technologies that power and cool the Parker Solar Probe (phys.org)
​2. ​TFAWS19-AT-07-Paper.pdf (nasa.gov)
​3.​ICES-2019-155.pdf (tdl.org)