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Tatra 815
The Tatra 815 is a truck family, produced by Czech
company Tatra. It uses the traditional tatra concept of rigid T815, T815-2, TERRN°1
backbone tube and swinging half-axles giving independent
suspension. The vehicles are available in 4x4, 6x6, 8x8, 10x8,
10x10, 12x8 and 12x12 variants. There are both air-cooled
and liquid-cooled engines available with power ranging from
230–440 kilowatts (310–590 hp). As a successor to Tatra 813
it was originally designed for extreme off-road conditions,
while nowadays there are also variants designated for mixed
(both off- and on-road) use.

The 815 and its descendant models took the Czech truck
racer Karel Loprais to victory six times in the Dakar Rally.
Tatra T 815 (2005)
Overview
Contents Manufacturer Tatra
History Production 1983 – present
Design Assembly Kopřivnice, Moravia, Czech
Central load-carrying tube Republic
Differential Body and chassis
Suspension
Class Heavy Truck
Front
Rear Body style COE
Cab forward
Engine
Transmission Powertrain
[1]
Cab Engine Diesel naturally aspirated
Equipment or turbocharged

Variants Tatra (Air-cooled)

T815 Users
V8 (12.6 L) 1983-
Civilian
present
Europe
America V10 (15.8 L)1983-
Australia present

India V12 (19.0 L) 1983-

Military present
Deutz
Derivatives
Specifications V6 (11.9 L)
Tatra vehicle coding V8 (15.8 L)
References Cummins
External links
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L10 (10.0 L)
M11 (10.8 L)
History
ISM (10.8 L)
Designed to eventually replace the Tatra 148, the prototype ISL (8.9 L)
Tatra 157 was introduced in 1970 and several more ISB (5.9 L)
prototypes were designed between 1970 and 1974 period but
CAT
no production resulted. Due to protests from another
Czechoslovak manufacturer LIAZ which was assigned by the C13 (12.5 L)
government central planning committee to manufacture
trucks of similar class, Tatra dropped the 157 and instead C15 (15.2 L)
started to concentrate on a heavier class as the replacement C18 (18.1 L)
for the 813 and 148 which was introduced in 1983 as the 815 Detroit
series. In 1989 Tatra modernized the 815 and introduced new
815-2 which received further upgrade in 1994 and just 3 6067SK60 (11.1 L)
years later in 1997 the new cabin TerrN°1 is introduced.
MTU
Another facelift followed in 2000 where changes included
among others new instrument panel and cab attachment and V12 (183TD224)
for the first time there is an option for fitment of liquid- (22.5 L)
cooled engines. The latest facelift of cabin came in July 2010.
Due to emission requirements changes in 2003 Tatra V12 (1163) (440 kW)
[2]
developed all new V8 engine T3C to comply with Euro III
where it followed the tradition once again with its air cooling Transmission [3]
design. The further developed T3D engine was introduced in
2006 with its SCR and Euro IV compliance.[4] Tatra

10 speed
Design manual(10TS180)
14 speed
While most other manufacturers derive their trucks from
road applications, the 815 was purposely designed for manual(14TS210L)
extreme off-road conditions, and its road versions are 14 speed semi-
derived from the off-road original concept. The principle automatic
consists in a central load-carrying tube with independently
TwinDisc
suspended swinging half-axles bolted as one whole. This
gives Tatra vehicles outstanding driving qualities in the most 6-speed automatic
difficult terrains. The concept allows higher off-road speed (TD-61-1175)
compared to classical rigid axle design.
10-speed automatic
(TD-101-3600)
Central load-carrying tube Allison

The primary structural feature of Tatra trucks is the central 5- & 6-speed
load carrying tube, also called a backbone frame. All other automatic
parts of the truck are mounted to this rigid assembly. The
inherently high torsional and flexural rigidity of this layout Chronology
protects superstructures from the motions and forces on the Predecessor Tatra 813
axles. Torque distribution to the axles is also carried within
the backbone.[5]
Tatra ON AIR T3D-928
EURO 5 SCR

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Differential Overview
Manufacturer Tatra
Tatra differentials[6]
are a unique design that uses two opposing
Layout
spiral bevel gears instead of the usual single set. The differential
gears are part of the input drive shaft rather than between the output Configuration V8
axles as in a conventional differential. All versions of the Tatra Displacement 12,667 cc
differential have locking pins that can force the differential gears to
Cylinder bore 120 mm (4.7 in)
rotate together, "locking" the differential. This arrangement had two
distinct advantages. The first is that the dual output bevel gears Piston stroke 140 mm (5.5 in)
allow the axles to swing around the drive axle without the need for Combustion
universal couplings. The second is that the input drive shaft goes
essentially straight through the differential housing, allowing simple Turbocharger 1
coupling to a second set of swing axles. This modular design enables Fuel type Diesel fuel
configurations of 2, 3, 4, 5, or even 6 axles with all axles driven. The
Cooling Air-cooled
whole assembly is part of the backbone frame.
system
Output
Suspension Power output
280 kW
(375 hp) @
Front
1700-1750 rpm
Mechanical suspension[7] of load capacity up to 8 tons per axle 325 kW
by torsion bars – for versions with one steered front axle (4x4 (436 hp) @
and 6x6) or by leaf springs – for versions with two steered axles 1700-1750 rpm
(6x6, 8x8, 10x10 or 12x12).
Air-bellows, with a load capacity of 9 tons per axle and a Torque
1,800 N⋅m
possibility of a ground clearance regulation. output
(1,300 ft⋅lbf) @
1000-1200 rpm
Rear 2,100 N⋅m
Mechanical – by leaf springs, with a load capacity of up to 11.5 (1,500 ft⋅lbf) @
tons per axle[8] 1000-1200 rpm
Air-bellows with a load capacity of 10 tons per axle and a Dimensions
possibility of a ground clearance regulation
Dry weight ~ 1,200 kg
Tatra King Frame suspension system - combination of an air-
(2,646 lb)
bellow with a coil spring placed inside, with a load capacity of up
to 11.5 tons per axle or combination of air-bellows with leaf
springs, with a load capacity of 13, 15 and 16.5 tons per axle.

All suspension types are equipped with telescopic shock absorbers;

some versions also have stabilizer torsion bars.

Engine

The Tatra engine[1] is an air-cooled, OHV, currently 12.7 litre 90° V8

120 x 140 mm diesel engine with direct fuel injection. It is T815 TERRN°1 2010 facelift
turbocharged by one Holset WasteGate turbocharger, and equipped
with an intercooler placed directly over the engine. The engine is
equipped with a mechanically controlled in-line Bosch injection pump. Its roller crankshaft bolted

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together from individual segments belongs among unique technical solutions. The engine is available in
emission specifications Euro 2 - Euro 5 with power output ranging from 230 to 325 kilowatts (308 to
436 hp) and 1,400–2,100 N⋅m (1,000–1,500 lbf⋅ft) torque. At its launch, the T815 could alternatively be
delivered with a larger powertrain. Available options, all of which were from Tatra's own range of
engines, included the air-cooled V10 (15.8 litre) and V12 (19 litre), both without turbo and intercooler,
and a V12 bi-turbo. When the Euro 1 emission limits came into effect, the larger engine alternatives
became unavailable.

The 815 can also be fitted with water-cooled engines made by other manufacturers - notably Cummins
and Deutz with power ranging from 260 to 440 kilowatts (350 to 590 hp) with 1,550–2,750 N⋅m (1,140–
2,030 lbf⋅ft) torque.

The most powerful MTU engine that was used in a 815 prototype tank prime mover, had an output of
610 kilowatts (820 hp) displacing 21,930 cc.

Transmission
Manually controlled mechanical Tatra transmission[3] which is
mounted directly on the auxiliary transmission case, and which,
therefore, is an integrated part of the chassis with 10 or 14 gears
with two auxiliary gears.
An electronically controlled gear shifting Tatra - a driver using a
joystick just pre-sets a speed gear, and after the clutch is
engaged, the speed shifting is carried out. The driver is informed
about the shifted speed gear by means of a dashboard display.
Tatra T815 8x8 crane with low cab
Twin Disc which is a six-gear auto transmission of 1189 or 1177
type
Allison six or seven-gear automatic transmission with a compact construction in one case, with a
torque converter, which are mounted directly on the engine

Cab

Tatra T815 is equipped with own Tatra-produced COE cab.[9] There

is basic version, extended version with room behind seats used for a
berth and especially for fire-fighting applications a long four-door
cab enabling transportation of up to six persons.

There is also special low cab version used mostly for cranes and
other special applications. The cab is situated in front of the front
axle.

Tatra T815 TERRN°1 4x4 fire

Equipment engine

Trucks equipped with air-bellows suspension have possibility of

a ground clearance regulation.
Special protective surface finish
Central tyre inflation system enabling deflation/inflation of tyres during the drive in boggy terrain
(standard for military versions, on demand for civilian)
Multi-fuel engines for military version (on demand)
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Vehicle radio-shielding as per NATO standards for military version

Possibility of additional cab ballistic protection through a supplied and subsequently installed
additional armouring set intended also for windows for military version

Variants
Civilian
Tatra 815
Tatra 815 low cab (for cranes and installation of other special
superstructures)
Tatra 815-2 (outdated, but still manufactured on demand)
Tatra 815-2 TERRN°1 (most demanded and sold, core of the
current T815 range)
Tatra 815-7
Tatra 815-6 Force (ultra-heavy fire-fighting offroad truck) Tatra T815 TP 6x6 military version

There is wide variety of superstructures built on Tatra

T815 ranging from tipper S1 and S3 trucks, flatbed truck,
tanker, drilling platform (used notably in Australia and
Russia), autocrane, excavator, concrete mixer, semitrailer
tractor and many other.
Military
Tatra 815 Armax
Tatra 815-6 Force (the category of the heaviest military
trucks with outstanding mobility in the most difficult terrain
conditions)
Tatra T815 NVA military troop and
Tatra 815-7 Force cargo carrier
The military versions vary from 4x4 troop or cargo carrier
to 12x12 BrahMos supersonic cruise missile carrier (used
by India). Still produced.
Racing

Rally raid - Tatra trucks are very successful in rally raids,

notably in Dakar where Karel Loprais achieved 6 times
victory with T815. There were both 4x4 and 6x6 used in rally
raids, and T815 8x8 "Totálka" is the heaviest car ever used in
rally.
Truck trial where the 813 gained reputation of invincible off-
road truck, of which the 815 is a worthy successor
Tatra T815-7 Force

T815 Users

Civilian

Europe
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All versions for all applications are sold in countries of Central and Eastern Europe as well as in
Germany and France. In Central Europe the trucks are used mostly by construction companies, logging
companies and mining companies. They are notably popular as fire-fighting engines. In far eastern
Russia the Tatra Trucks are used by oil and gas companies in the most difficult terrains, where the air-
cooled engine has advantages over water-cooled ones during harsh winter time.

America

The Tatra 815 is exported to the United States and Brazil. It used to be marketed under mark "American
Truck Company" in the United States, where T815 and T815-6 Force is used as heavy fire-fighting
engine.

Australia

In Australia the 815 is used notably by mining companies (i.e. as heavy drill 10x10 carrier)[10]

India

There is assembly line of Tatra vehicles in India.

The 815 is available also in some African and Asian countries

Military

All Variety Types of Tatra Trucks and Chassis like T815 & T810
vehicles are widely used by military in the following countries Czech
Republic, Romania, Slovakia, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Qatar, UAE,
India, Indonesia, Italy, France, Malaysia and United States with
many other countries.

Derivatives
Tatrapan Sri Lanka Army MT-55A Armored
Astros - chassis for multiple rocket launcher produced in Brazil Vehicle-launched Bridge pulled by
Nexter Caesar Tatra T815 Truck

mobile surgical (http://www.janes.com/events/exhibitions/eurosat

ory2010/sections/daily/day3/instant-fixed-but-movable.shtml) unit
by German company Drehtainer
ATLAV (http://www.armyrecognition.com/czech_republic_army_
wheeled_vehicles_armoured_uk/atlaf_1_svos_special-purpose_
heavy_terrain_armoured_vehicle_data_sheet_specifications_de
scription_uk.html) APC
Rosenbauer Tigon

Specifications TATRAPAN of Slovak Army

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Tatra vehicle coding

The full name of a given vehicle explains most essential information about it.[11] Take as example T 815 -
231S25 28 325 6 x 6 . 2 R / 34 1:

T815 = truck family

231S25
2 = truck family - T 815-2 Cab over engine TerrNo1 or Armax
3 = engine type - T3D-928.30 air-cooled
1 = vehicle variant - Euro 5 left hand drive with ABS
S = vehicle type - tipper (Sklápěč)
2 = cab type and axle configuration - short cab, 6x6 or 4x4
5 = Rear axles and suspension - Combined suspension, load capacity 11 tons, no reductions,
axle ratio 3,385
28 = gross vehicle weight (tones)
325 = engine power (kW)
6x6 = wheel drive
2 = tire fitting - dual
R = hub reduction
34 = wheelbase (mm) - number x 100
1 = variant - serial vehicle

References
1. "Tatra engines" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100528173628/http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/motor_en.
asp). Archived from the original (http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/motor_en.asp) on May 28, 2010.
Retrieved 11 June 2010.
2. http://technet.idnes.cz/tatra-tezba-bridlicna-bridlice-dex-/tec_technika.aspx?
c=A140528_134440_tec_technika_mla
3. "Tatra transmissions" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100528173845/http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/prev
od_en.asp). Archived from the original (http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/prevod_en.asp) on May 28,
2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
4. "Tatra T815" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100605034950/http://www.tatra-page.kx.cz/Description/
T-815.htm) (in Czech). Archived from the original (http://www.tatra-page.kx.cz/Description/T-815.htm)
on June 5, 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
5. "Central load carrying tube" (https://web.archive.org/web/20091227112459/http://www.tatra.cz/web_e
n/roura_en.asp). Archived from the original (http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/roura_en.asp) on December
27, 2009. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
6. "Tatra axles" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100530050759/http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/naprava_en.
asp). Archived from the original (http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/naprava_en.asp) on May 30, 2010.
Retrieved 11 June 2010.
7. "Tatra front suspension" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100608234725/http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/p
erov_en.asp). Archived from the original (http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/perov_en.asp) on June 8,
2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
8. "Tatra rear suspension" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100609134409/http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/p
erov1_en.asp). Archived from the original (http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/perov1_en.asp) on June 9,
2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.

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9. "Tatra cab" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100528173817/http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/kabina_en.as

p). Archived from the original (http://www.tatra.cz/web_en/kabina_en.asp) on May 28, 2010.
Retrieved 11 June 2010.
10. "Off-road trucks Australia" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110225192257/http://www.offroadtrucks.co
m.au/index.php). Archived from the original (http://www.offroadtrucks.com.au/index.php) on 25
February 2011. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
11. "Tatra vehicle coding" (https://web.archive.org/web/20091122122251/http://www.tatra.cz/web_cz/Ozn
aceni_vozidel_Tatra.pdf) (PDF). Archived from the original (http://www.tatra.cz/web_cz/Oznaceni_vo
zidel_Tatra.pdf) (PDF) on November 22, 2009. Retrieved 2010-05-13.

External links
Official site (http://www.tatra.cz/)
Comparison of standard ladder chassis and backbone chassis with half axles on offroad testing track
with emphasis on the twist of superstructure (video):
Ladder chassis (http://hzskoprivnice.wbs.cz/videa/18.mpg) (Renault fire engine)
Backbone chassis (http://hzskoprivnice.wbs.cz/videa/21.mpg) (Tatra T815 fire engine)

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