Aniket Dani, 10B

Experiment-3

Balancing of Multiple Mass in Single Plane

AIM: The purpose of the experiment is to determine the phase angle, position and
mass to balance the effect of the centrifugal forces caused by rotating masses in a
single plane.

Learning Objectives:

1. Define the reasons for balancing of rotating mass

2. State the conditions to be satisfied to achieve balance in rotating
bodies.
3. Calculate the mass and angular position required for balancing the
unbalanced force.
4. Analyse the analytical results with the simulation results
5. Evaluate how change in mass and position can improve the
balance of the rotating body

Theory
In most of the machineries, rotating components are very common. For
any given rotating component, it is required that the centre of gravity
coincide with the axis of rotation. However, this may not always the case
due to various factors such as manufacturing defects, wear and tear,
environmental conditions, addition of parts etc., and causing eccentricity.
The eccentricity results in vibrations within the component and may finally
cause failure. This eccentricity in the rotating component is considered to
be unbalance in force and moment, and needs to be balanced by
additional forces and moments leading to minimum vibration.
The balancing of rotating mass in single plane along the length of a shaft
is a particular case of unbalance. An experiment is carried out to calculate
additional mass required for balancing the unbalanced force and their
angular position. The purpose of the experiment is to take an unbalanced
system with rotating masses and adjust the radius of the
outer mass, calculate the mass and angular position in order to achieve
a balanced system.

Consider four masses of magnitude m1, m2, m3 and m4 at distance of r1,

r2, r3 and r4 from the axis of the rotating shaft. Let , , and be the
angles of these masses with horizontal line ox, as shown in left hand side
figure. Let these masses rotate about the axis through O and
perpendicular to the plane of paper, with a constant angular velocity of
rad/sec.
The amount of balanced mass is the resultant of square root of sum of
square of horizontal and vertical forces, which is acting in plane
So, the magnitude of resultant centrifugal force

The sum of horizontal component of centrifugal force

The sum of vertical component of centrifugal force

Resultant force vector making inclination with horizontal, which is
equals to

The magnitude of balancing centrifugal force is equal to magnitude of

resultant centrifugal force and direction is opposite to the resultant
centrifugal force.
Submitted by:
Aniket Dani
Roll no. 17 (B)
Exp no.3
Svpcet