m 46 . m 10  Vol.46 No.

10
2010
10 & m 1237—1243 p ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA Oct. 2010 pp.1237–1243

6082   CCT  }Æ&( ∗

74CUyU℄DA5
1)
1)
; B
&X5℄(>℄# 87
<?2 1)

,
2)

410083
1)

2) 3sY(04-km ##, 87 410100

+\RE%H*fQvY{Bq&oa
/ 7 eHQYB&>?fqo – z 7, %) 7HiT9ok℄B &o i,
6082
), > TEM
qFaf51iVx/ CCT , tJrA4
CCT
(CCT
Rd$. <r, v{qo
/ f CCT V7Nf; tgB&oif3v, 90Nz.k, /S_vB&o
i G \ C, )QtY  k; 9  ^ mh V/ 220—400 f  z yA, R 9  A f ℄B &o i/ 16—34 /s D y;
20 mm OJiH   Xy *  60  h O, O ^ a vGy 9, K x / CCT  7 | R t m O ^)~, L  /s V 5 z |D
O^Of
G RK9f&E.


. ! 
 6082 eH, CCT , v{qo, 9, B&oi
TG151 z A , 
y 0412−1961(2010)10−1237−07

DETERMINATION AND APPLICATION OF CCT DIA-

GRAM FOR 6082 ALUMINUM ALLOY
1) 1) 2) 1)
LI Hongying , ZHAO Yankuo , TANG Yi , WANG Xiaofeng
1) School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083
2) Institute of Pumping, SANY Heavy Industry Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410083
Correspondent: LI Hongying, professor, Tel: (0731)88836328, E-mail: lhying@mail.csu.edu.cn
Manuscript received 2010–05–12, in revised form 2010–07–29

ABSTRACT Electrical resistance–temperature curves of 6082 aluminum alloy at various cooling

rates during continuous cooling was obtained by in–situ resistance measurement. Phase transformation
start and finish temperatures were ascertained by the slope change of resistance–temperature curves.
Continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram for 6082 aluminum alloy was plotted. Microstruc-
ture evolution during cooling was examined by TEM observation to verify the validity of the CCT
diagram. Applications of the CCT diagram were studied in this work. The results show that the
CCT diagram obtained by in situ resistance measurement is credible. Resistance–temperature curves
corresponding to different cooling rates depart from straight line to different directions. The phase
transformation start and finish temperature decreases with the increase of cooling rates when the cool-
ing rate is slow, but as the cooling rate increases to a certain rate the phase transformation start
temperature increases suddenly and then decreases continously. Phase transformations mainly take

place between 220 and 400 . Critical cooling rate for preventing phase transformation is between

16—34 /s. For plates 20 mm in thickness is proper to quench by 60 
water. A step–quench pro-
cess can be established by the tested CCT diagram to decrease quenching stress utmost and inhibit
equilibrium phase precipitation at the same time.
KEY WORDS 6082 aluminum alloy, CCT diagram, in situ electrical resistance, phase
transformation, cooling rate

i  b  !8 (TTT ) F R Z C ' b  !8 CCT  ~ '  F K ^ S u f I  P _*,  Ks P

(CCT ) W S u + H F * g Z nu *, :  g, _C'?WRZg. fI:Hg+ 7U
F  { U
E, #  ? rG 6 2  rGe |, }l
℄_D!. : 2010–05–12, ℄_V!. : R Z C '? g  , U,  CCT  0ug { { J W. `
wL, ;|M;UfIg TTT F{ – H
* 2010–07–29
u:{ : HN
, , 1963 A, T, ^
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1037.2010.00228 z – U~!8 (TTP)   , {}p fIRZ
[1−5]
 1238 a \  m 46 . 
C'?Wg:l:5%. ;_;L3S5pU _ <  (TU f, %) : Zn≤0.2, Mg 0.6—1.2,
+x (DSC) 0u f I  g CCT F CCP(Continuous Cu≤0.10, Mn 0.40—1.0, Cr≤0.25, Ti≤0.1, Fe≤0.50,
cooling precipitation)  , \ W, DSC !8 ( p Si 0.7—1.3, Al U.
[6−8]

C')
(g , P_(pC'?, DSC ! 0 550  \l2/ H F 1 h R +  C
9
8#~f( F(Z:yg+F ,  DSC C C
CFr[Ci#QC', +k_1 g0U
'p j   6, 1 DSC   ' 6U. r p W rGq  * , 0 \l  Sw+
Æ F C '?  WR Z 0 [14]

, U, r p  0 e % ( Z :  W d` W 7Æ  , UrpF{gU, 0dC'?grp – {!8F [9−11]

e % W1 W t~ 0 8 R Z 0 U r p g  { – Hz!8 (C '!8). & * r p –  { !8I j

[12−14]

Q,  /R℄ S F W 2A97, 7475 F 7A04 3 Xf I  g gU8h :1Op
:ÆdpF^C'pj

CCT . , & *  { – Hz!8pr F  g  /C 'p j.
Al–Mg–Si(6000 *) I +W i  { l S C g 2/ H F R, [ u t# C 'p j,   C ' N :  1 O
B  U ~ F x IU ~, _ n  ) `F Æ /*  {
:  1 OR {
:  Æ dR { . Si P, +
 [15−17]
, W 8 + H F U f I , } Mg Si  _ n  Tecnai G 20 PÆ< r j 0 ! (TEM)  P _\l 2

U:. F;g,UXnIFg + H FS {, (Z+  S rG 6 2,   r !k Xg ~ x (EDS) ' F :

2

HFgUF=P_C'pjo:4 . NL, S<', jA CCT g84U. Æ<r!lÆ [18]

:~  4 6000 *I  CCT  gb. J , { bJ} R +  r  g}  S , r  r 30% A

2bgfI CCT nKsB5ygP_ qxI/r.
T 5 B g C 'p j CCT  g : C 'p j   ?, WBR\l (85 mm×57 mm×20 mm) 100 
on3gBRWEC'!8gÆ<.  Lw|r iC
60 iC
ZiCgM%C'!8S0u.
p  6082 f I  g CCT   S W 0u, H& * K
sB5=y0 CCT SW:4 e%, *q 2.1 CCT ~
2 #*


1 #
B5 ,6_u*, ! 6000 *I CCT g9.  1  #  C 'p j - 6082 f I  r p –  {
!8 ( W y Fg C 'p j/  /C 'p j,   
Kj(ZP 20 mm g 6082 fI+6 (, U 
, y  !8 g  { z x # 50—550 ). & *
o
0.035 C/s o
18.0 0.06 C/s
18.0

16.5
16.5

15.0
15.0
-4

o
399 C
Resistance, 10

-4
Resistance, 10

13.5
13.5
o o
291 C 354 C
12.0
12.0

10.5 o
10.5 233 C

9.0
9.0

7.5
7.5

75 150 225 300 375 450 525

100 200 300 400 500
o o
Temperature, C Temperature, C

o
16.04 C/s o
18.0 33.6 C/s
18.0

16.5 16.5

15.0 15.0
-4
-4

Resistance, 10

o
Resistance, 10

360 C
13.5 13.5
Reference straight line

12.0 12.0

10.5 10.5

9.0 9.0


75 150 225 300 375 450 525 75 150 225 300 375 450 525
o o
Temperature, C Temperature, C

1 "
B&oi,
6082 – eHfYTqo z 7
Fig.1 Electrical resistance–temperature curves of 6082 aluminum alloy at various cooling rates
 m 10  GM h : 6082 dG CCT e.sj 1239

Matthiessen uh 2/ gr pj i  2//o

[19]
, B g C 'p j { T` ` ; ? W^C 'p j.  1c 
r grpjFErpjE F, /or grpj g C 'p j r [ C 'H g C 'p jt, \  r
{Ez=8U4*, Erpj_I n
,Tl p –  { !8 H 8W  t ug  D,  sC 'p j W
%3gÆ<. 0RZC'?W, ℄(Z|%rGn T`8}
S: Bg^J, lI 1c F d 8C,
UH, 2/rp}E_n{ly , rp – 6082 f I 0 550  -2/ H F 1 h R g R Z C '? 
 { !8  l H 8, H 8I j  ( Z gr p  { *f. W,
S :  B g ^C 'p j uW  16.04 /s,
tZ2/W1O'F/T!j, 2/g" }E, \E 33.6 /s.
{glFErpg}E.(Zrp}E, r #C'pjgC'!8
:1O{FÆd
p –  { !8 1 O?- DH 8, t Z :  Æ d, !8 Z {f*℄S`{ – Hzfw*W, S!8R
KZ9 H 8, 1 1a yS. J d ` g W, C 'p j0 $ p,  ^C 'p j F2/*  S F ?, d`
0.06—1.13 /s E zH 1 W  7 1, r p –  { !
8?9DH8, 1 1b yS, <8~WC'pj4WH,
!j?#l>4, "
Eg/T!j "
Wg !j
 2 ySg CCT .
2.2 
$-CCT
ÆA : g C '
Z  r p
 { !8 n ?  , –
'0 > 4, E !j w w   5 B
Wg ' %  " , 7g 1b gC'?, 0CN2/{ 550 , :
z+Q2/WE"/ T!j gv :l, 4wWr 1O 375 , :1OR 280 , :ÆdR 50 
jg4<bj, grj4<vW a g U H\l  S P _, } ÆA :  {g rG.  3  0
v, ^ O E  r p4 w , M M r p –  { !8?
[20]
#{P_\lg TEM >, 8~, ℄{ 0
9DH8. `tX8~WC'pj4WH, /T!j> ug:1Op (389 ) H ( 3a F b), tGn
4#C, !jww,D}, M~?_(, VW $2/`aWg  { /:; ℄{l:1O
/o!jk;kU6g[U, /<W^rrjg4 pH (280 ), 0(Z|%'FWWUgen: (
<WM, 4wWErp. ℄C'pjW 3.68 /s H, 3c); uZ  S C ' HN 50 , ' Fgn : 0 f U
rp – {!8T%/<, 1 1c yS, nF 9  y 4 w ( 3d).  3c F d W 6 2`g  e :
:  Æ d p, < W  s* !j> 4p j
E, \ C '  S EDS ', Æ =1 4 yS.   8C, C '? 
: B{
l, 2/?F{ , :"wPW, ' FgNW  e : G A  W U Al , WA 
 g Mg
rp – {!80
l{~.KDWH8, I0l F Si,  Mg/Si !j   21,  Mg Si W 6000 2
 ~ . K B W : , A l f I  g k *HF . & [14]
*I  g _ nU:,  : Mg Si :, ' F F
*!8IjU8h(u:p, Æ=1 1a—c Wg :W^Orp – {!8 B8hgU. 's,
2

L{yS,  1 [FWKjI0#C'pj-g: Æ< r ! 6 2g Æ =  w | r p : pg  W!

p.
+r[\lSC'H, C'pjJW,  1d
8 } 2 F, r p –  { !8{ F H 8,  #F
I g.
2.3 CCT
 ySg 8
>/301=
2.3.1 2 CCT
:  1 O p F Æ d p, < W   +  r [  S C 'H, \ } F :  d { u C 'p j g 4 w-  :  i
2 , Æ ,
l 0 J } Hz |&C ` 100 , s*a  J Wg ? C W0 220—400 z B. :{bg 7000 *fI
{, \ / T!j? # l > 4, n :  B, j s r [5
{ 1 6082 eH"
B&oi,f9o 525 Cooling curves
Phase transformation

start curve
Table 1 Phase transformation temperatures of 6082 alu- 450
Phase transformation

minum alloy at various cooling rates end curve

C

375
o
Temperature,

Cooling rates Start temperatures Finish temperatures

/s   300 o
0.035 C/s
Critical cooling range o
0.043 C/s
225
0.035 399 291 o 0.06 C/s
o

6.06 C/s
150
0.043 389 254 o
3.68 C/s
o
33.6 C/s
0.06 354 233 75
o o
16.04 C/s 1.13 C/s
1.13 341 219


0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
3.68 402 – Time, s

6.06 373 –
2 6082 eHf CCT 
16.04 360 –


Fig.2 CCT diagram of 6082 aluminum alloy (holding at
33.60 – –
550 for 1 h)
 1240  a \  m 46 .

 3 /"
zO^[kf TEM =
Fig.3 TEM images of samples quenched from 550  (a), 375  (b), 280  (c) and 50  (d)
J YI  L:
L? | :F G.P.  B g  { 
z,  a Hzo #  :, < M R Z C ' b  ? i 
b',, ℄C'pjgXlH, ['FL:, ℄
C 'p j g < H, :  ? # l B,  rG ÆA N Z,
d` ?  F2/, ℄ C 'p j g l g <E zH,
8~ BL:
a":
G.P.  igy N FI' F,
#C'pj g:gAPF:{x#tl, 1
r p –  { !8  1 F#  g U8 h. C 'p j
<
H:{ Bf4, 8~W(Z|%'FWa":
 4 6082 eHVd9f EDS < (G.P. F? | :), ' F : C 'p j
l H g ' F :
AP:, \H:g#~. :L:, a":g
Æ/a3
E, 1a":gQD+
L:EJ,
Fig.4 EDS result of rod like phase in 6082 aluminum alloy

:  '0  B,  J :   { ' , ^ O :  1 O p
denoted by the cross in Fig.3c

 g CCT  ( 5)[13,14] , :  1 O { n u hC ' B ,  DW t X :  BH C 'p j%<, :  1

pjgw<tHÆA-gU, ℄C'pj4w`tu
{H (e !8), :1O{*D , uRuZuh
C 'p j g 4 w  l.  R Z C ' b , Xnu K
O{%lg8h.
2.3.2 86:>/91= #gC'pj,
:  B g " w P l: A ZHz g:}# , ^ O :
 m 10  GM h : 6082 dG CCT e.sj 1241

2.8
(a) Cooling curve
600
Phase transformation start curve

Phase transformation end curve 2.7

500
C

2.6
o
Temperature,

400

R /R 0
2.5

300 0.05
2.4
0.11
200 0.38
0.15
o 0.24 2.3
Cooling rate C/s

100 120 8 3.3 0.83

20
100 6040 16 10
4.5 2.0
2.2


0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
o
time, s Cooling rate, C/s

500
(b) 6 "
B&oiG 6082 eHf R /R I 0

Fig.6 R0 /R value of 6082 aluminum alloy at different cool-

400
ing rates
C
o
Temperature,

Critical cooling
300
range
100

200
0.04

0.03 95

100
0.31
3.52 , %
35.57 9.66 4.53 0.08 90


0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
time, s

E 7A04 eHf CCT 

85

5 7475[13] [14]

Fig.5 Previously published CCT diagrams for 7475[13]



80

for 40 min) (a) and 7A04[14] (hold-


-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
(holding at 480

eH9d ξ etB&oifT
o

7
Cooling rate, C/s
ing at 470 for 1 h) (b) aluminum alloys
7 6082
mU#. >\lg2/{ T , 02/e|grp Fig.7 Volume fraction of phase transformation ξ of 6082
 R , C ' N 50 # B: g F ; e | r p  R , aluminum alloy as a function of cooling rates

KsC'` 50 grp R, fagrp{*f

0 x

α,  :  U = >  4* gr p :  U U (R − R)/R
8}T [10]
x x
R, 4w:UgÆ<{#s0.
2.4 CCT 
')"
KsB 5 W, f I  P P _ Q 0C ' # /( #
,
hP{?lIC'{℄-, P WMC'
Rx − R
=1− 1
1
(1) {tl, C'#/(^OP_ PMS
 Q, 4wS

g PI1\F
V q U, P_q#
[^
Rx R0
R [1 − R0 α(T − 50)]

#3g'F:farp{*fgÆ<, α J0 O P _ C '?  W n :' F, 4 w  zI q U, 

{ ZH7f, 02/{{ (uER, T  l2/g?F{, B2RZHFUF= . M}E [21]

7 f,  +  g \l, R o 7 f. M Q (1) 8 } 2 0 P_ Pg{3g, ℄lC'{}}E{{;

F, rp:UU (R − R)/R  R /R =M4*, M
SL:'Fg{3g, ℄4wC'{}w}
R /R % W, 2 (R − R)/R % W, :  U% E, y}:
x x 0
0 :  q  {  g  a Hz,  ; W m  g g, CCT
UWE8}z R /R ?=.  6 SFWKj(
0 x x
qAWC'?g{UO(, oAW{
Z0#/C'pjg R /R J. 8}2F, C'pj
0
U:4 g :  O(, & *  P _*  S K ^, 80 }
%l, R /R J% W. tl p C ' g b  ef>
0
EP_ PF
SL:'Fz8`Lp.
1,   z C 'p j g b  ef ξ 8 ? 
#
0
[ 20 mm P (, +Zi
60 i

C'pjHg R /R JdF. i
 4 XC ' T, u B 5 Ks C '? , 0 U P\
 7  6082 f I  :  efu C 'p j g
0
lM%C'!8.  8 P\lM%C'!80 CCT 
U!8. 8}2F, /C'pjg4wM ξ }E, \}E WgQS. &*C'pj%l:1O{% g
UWEtRX, jsC'pj4wM:U 8 h,  :  1 O!8?9  SY ℄g f?, M   C
}E, \ }E g{ %?% E, ℄ C 'p j T` t u{ !8  p, 1 W  yS. 8 } 2 F,  C g C 'p
 1242 a  \  m 46 .
j
l, C'pj
/(, iP_H, 1OHC' 0Xn}EP_ Pg6I, 8}&* CCT Su
p j
l, uR C 'p j-4, Zi P F 60  i P H, n P _*, 0 :  1 O { Y ℄ } lC 'p j, 0
1 OH C 'p j  7 <, uR C 'p j X, \ W: : Bw<C'pj, &* 8, ℄+ 60 iC
gp j u*
<.  P C 'p jl, : { , # Y  'H, :1O{$ 340 , +$ 24 s, 0
 6082 f I , X  Si P. Zi P 1 <
W SnP_H, 8*
/ 60 giC', C'$
gP_ P, 60 iPF 100 iPg:1O{: 15—20 s R`p b w N Zi W, < l 8 } t W 6 { }E
3#W, \ 100 iPC'!8:Æd!8:,  P_ PgH
SL:g'F.
60  i P nE : , j s 60  i P : {
l,
2/-ÆAW
g?F{, J0Xnb":SP
3 Lw|rp0UKj(Z0#C'pj
_ Pg=-, Yz+ 60 iP_.
(1)

:1Otug+, ?C{%W, :+

g:pF^C'pj, ℄SFW 6082 fIgRZ
C ' b  !8 (CCT ), ?6 rG 6 2 j AW y 0
 % }, 0 Ks P _`* W, 1= C '?  B: g CCT  g f (U.
+ 
:, 2 P _ b wHz &8 }Y ℄ 4 w, M   l (2) Kj ( Z0 550  2/ 1h R R Z C 'H, : 
P_-vg{{.  9 &* 8 (ug 6082 fI0 1O{/uhC'pjg w <   l, ℄C'pj4w
#C'Q-: Bg+, 8C, uhC' `tu{H Bf4, uRuZuhC'pjg4w
{g4w, 6082 fI:+w}, 0 60 iP  l, :  _ n 0 220—400 g  { z B,
S :
g+
:, $ 24 s, 18Y℄f:P_bwHz.  Bg^C'pj0 16—34 /s Ez.
(3) 20 mm P 6082 f I  ( Yz +  60  i
550 Phase transformation
P, P_bwHz
:, Ly0 CCT 8SunP_
*, M0tW6{}EP_ PgH
SL:g
start curve
500
Phase transformation

450 end curve

' F.
!
C

400
o

Cooling curve
Temperature,

350
|
300

250 [1] Fink W L, Willey L A. Trans Am Inst Mining Metall Eng,

200
a W ind 1974: 1
o
b 100 C water
150 o
[2] Davydov V G, Ber L B, Kaputkin E Y, Komov V I,
c 60 C water b
Ukolova O G, Lukina E A. Mater Sci Eng, 2000; A280:
100 d Room temperature water d c a
76
1 10 100 1000

Time, s
8 O[kL$B& 7/ CCT VfPR
Fig.8 Schematic diagram of central cooling curves at differ-
ent cooling modes for large sample in CCT diagram
90
80
70
Incubation period, s
[3] Archambault P, Godard D. Scr Mater, 2000; 42:675
[4] Davydov V G, Ber L B. Mater Sci Forum, 2002; 396–402:
1169
[5] Liu S D, Zhong Q M, Zhang Y, Liu W J, Zhang X M,
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[7] Kessler O, Von Bargen R, Hoffmann F, Zoch H W. Mater
W ind
Sci Forum, 2006; 519–521: 1467
o
100 C water [8] Milkereita B, Kessler O, Schick C. Thermochim Acta,
o
60 C water
2009; 492: 73
Room temperature water

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[9] Furlani A M, Stipcich M, Romero R. Mater Sci Eng, 2005;
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Cailletaud G, Spaeth N. Mater Sci Eng, 2007; A448: 135
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Cooling mode

} y 5- 
' v " V:6b^
Nonferrous Met, 2008; 18: 1613
HN

eH9*B&Pf3)
( , , , , . ,
9 6082 2008; 18: 1613)
Fig.9 Relationship between phase transformation incuba- [14] Li H Y, Wang X F, Tang Y, Deng Y Z, Huang Y, Sun Y,
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 m 10  GM h : 6082 dG CCT e.sj 1243

(H N
, C, } y, j ' , Y , v ", 
'. V : [18] Morgeneyer T F, Starink M J, Wang S C, Sinclair I. Acta
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