ABSTRACT

In today’s commercial, industrial and domestic world, Automation plays an

important role, it is actually an arrangement of different elements in order to
regulate direct, sense and command itself to achieve a desired result. “Automatic
Fire Fighting Robot” project employs the electrical thermostat technology for the
controlling the fire 24 hrs. Robotics has gained popularity due to the advancement
of many technologies of computing and nano technologies. So, it is proposed to
design something that can make humans life easier and comfortable. There are
many possibilities a fire can start in an industry or in any remote area. For
example, in cotton mills, garments, fuel storages, etc., electric leakages can lead to
huge damage. Also it is a worst-case scenario, causing heavy losses not only
financially but also destroying areas surrounding it. Robotics is the emerging
solution to protect human lives and their wealth and surroundings. The aim here is
to design a Fire Fighting robot using embedded system. A robot capable of fighting
a simulated household fire will be designed and built. It must be able to
autonomously navigate through a modelled floor plan while actively scanning for a
flame. The robot can even act as a path guider in normal case and as a fire
extinguisher in emergency. The project will help generate interests as well as
innovations in the fields of robotics while working towards a practical and
obtainable solution to save lives and mitigate the risk of property damage.

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 LIST OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER. No. DESCRIPTION PAGE No.

i ABSTRACT i
ii LIST OF TABLES vi

iii LIST OF FIGURES vii

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 HARD WARE 4

1.2 SOFT WARE 4

1.3 DESCRIBTION 4

1.4 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 4

2. LITERATURE REVIEW 6
3. METHODOLOGY 9
3.1 INTRODUCTION 9

3.2 MOUNTING 10

3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL PRECAUTION 11

3.4 TROUBLE SHOOTING 11

3.5 SPECIFICATION 12

4. PROJECT DESCRIBTION 14
4.1 RELAY 14

4.2 BUZZER 18

4.3 ALARM 19
ii
 4.4 BATTERY 21

4.5 COMMAN RECHARGEBLE BATTERIES 25

4.6 MOTOR DRIVER 28

4.7 DC MOTOR 34

4.8 MICRO CONTROLLER 38

4.9 LCD DISPLAY 49

4.10 THREE TERM VOLTAGE REGULATION 53

5. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS 63

5.1 MECHANICAL PART DESIGN 63

5.2 ROBOT DESIGN CHASSIS 63

5.3 BODY KIT DESIGN STRUCTURE 65

5.4 STEERING METHOD 66

6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 68

7. CONCLUSION 70

8. REFERENCES 71

iii
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. DESCRIPTION Page No.

1.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF LINE FOLLOWER 2

1.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF LINE FOLLWER 3

1.3 NPN TRANSISTOR 5

3.1 PROGRAMMING HARDWARE 9

4.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF RELAY 14

4.2 ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY DIAGARAM 16

4.3 BUZZER 18

4.4 ALARM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 20

4.5 BATTERY MODEL 21

4.6 BATTERY CHEMICAL REACTION 23

4.7 FLAME SENSOR 26

4.8 UNIDIRECTIONAL MODE 30

4.9 BIDIRECTIONAL MODE 30

4.10 L293D MOTOR CONNECTION DIAGRAM 31

4.11 L293D PIN CONFIGURATION 33

4.12 DC MOTOR 35

4.13 ARMATURE WINDING 38

4.13 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MICROCONTROLLER 43

4.14 ATMEGA PIN MAPPING 45

iv
4.15 ARDUINO-UNO PIN OUT 46

4.16 ATMEGA 328 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK 47

4.17 INTERNAL REGISTER SELECT VOLTAGE 48

REFERENCE FOR ADC

4.18 LCD DISPLAY 49

4.19 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF POWER SUPPLY 51

4.20 FIXED POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS 54

4.21 IC VOLTAGE REGULATORS CIRCUIT

DIAGRAM POWER SUPPLY 56

5.1 DESIGN OF ROBOT BODY KIT 64

5.2 DESIGN OF THE ROBOT CHASSIS 65

5.3 PCB DIAGRAM 66

5.4 PROCESSING UNIT DIAGRAM 67

v
 LIST OF TABLES

Table No. DESCRIPTION Page No.

4.1 FLAME SENSOR MODULE 27

4.2 EVALUATION OF MICROCONTROLLER 41

4.3 VOLTAGE REGULATORS 55

5.1 DESIGN OF ROBOT BODY PARTS 64

5.2 SENSOR AND TASK 66

vi