What is Finance?

Finance is defined as the management of money and includes activities such as investing, borrowing,
lending, budgeting, saving, and forecasting.

Finance is a term broadly describing the study and system of money, investments, and other financial
instruments.

Finance can be divided broadly into three distinct categories: public / government finance, corporate
finance, and personal finance.

More recent subcategories of finance include social finance and behavioral finance.

Why the finance is very important?

Business finance is the art and science of managing your company's money. The role of finance in
business is also to make sure there are enough funds to operate and that you're spending and
investing wisely. The importance of business finance lies in its capacity to keep a business operating
smoothly without running out of cash while also securing funds for longer-term investments.

To start a business, you would need money. It is obvious that to make the first step and launch your
business, capital investment is required. Further, as you move up the timeline, getting materials,
hiring professionals, marketing and testing, every single step would need finance.

Businesses generate enormous amounts of money every day. This money has to be used further to
pay bills, delegate funds, invest in multiple engagements and monitor all. Managing the inflow and
outflow of money within your organizations is important.

expand the business, eg having funds to pay for a new branch in a different city or country

New businesses find it difficult to raise finance because they usually have just a few customers and
many competitors.

WHAT IS TAXATION?
Taxation is All the legal supports that give legitimacy to the levy of taxes and it is a term for when a
taxing authority, usually a government, levies or imposes a financial obligation on its citizens or
residents. Paying taxes to governments or officials has been a mainstay of civilization since ancient
times.

In addition The term "taxation" applies to all types of involuntary levies, from income to capital gains
to estate taxes. Though taxation can be a noun or verb, it is usually referred to as an act; the resulting
revenue is usually called "taxes.

As also A tax is a charge by the government on the income of an individual, corporation or trust, as
well as the value of an estate or gift. There are also other forms of taxes, like consumer sales taxes,
use taxes and real estate taxes. The objective in assessing tax is to generate revenue to be used for
the needs of the public. A tax is not a voluntary payment but an enforced contribution exacted
pursuant to legislative authority

ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF TAXATION?

taxation is one of the main sources of income for the government. It also affects inflation, demand
and supply within the economy by regulating disposable incomes across the board.

 Optimum Allocation Of Available Resources:

Taxis the most important source of public revenue. The imposition of tax leads to diversion of
resources from the taxed to the non-taxed sector. The revenue is allocated on various
productive sectors in the country with a view to increasing the overall growth of the country.
Tax revenues may be used to encourage development activities in the less developments areas
of the country where normal investors are not willing to invest.

 Raising government revenue:

In modern times, the aim of public finance is not merely to raise sufficient financial resources
for meeting administrative expense, for maintenance of low and order and to protect the
country from foreign aggression. Now the main object is to ensure the social welfare. The
increase in the collection of tax increases the government revenue. It is safer for the
government to avoid borrowings by increasing tax revenue.

 Encouraging savings and investment:

Since developing countries has mixed economy, care has also to be taken to promote capital
formation and investment both in the private and public sectors. Taxation policy is to be
directed to raising the ratio of savings to national income.

 Reduction of inequalities in income and wealth:

Through reducing inequalities in income and wealth by using a efficient tax system, government
can encourage people to save and invest in productive sectors.

 Acceleration of Economic Growth:

Tax policy may be used to handle critical economic situation like depression and inflation. In
depression, tax is set to increase the consumption and reduce the savings to increase the
aggregate demand and vice verse. Thus the tax policy may be used to strengthen incentives to
savings and investment.

 Price Stability:

In under developed countries, there is another role to maintain price stability to ensure growth
with stability.

 Control mechanism:
 Tax policy is also used as a control mechanism to check inflation, consumption of liquor and
luxury goods and to protect the local poor industries from the uneven competition. Taxation is
the only effective weapon by which private consumption can be curbed and thus resources
transferred to the state. Thus the economy can ensure sustainable development.

Thus it can be said that the economic development of a country depends various reasons one
of them are on the presence of an effective and efficient taxation policy.

WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE FINANCE AND

TAXATION?
Finance is made up of four types among its types we find, public finance, the latter with several
components such as taxation which is an essential element for the constitution of the general
budget of the state in order to attack these public charges.