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Toaz - Info Random Variablesdocx PR
Toaz - Info Random Variablesdocx PR
Probability Distributions
Example:
A fair coin is tossed three times and the
sequences of Head (H) and Tails (T) are
observed.
List the outcomes of the experiment.
Coin H T H
T H T
H T H T H T H T
H H H H T T T T
H H T T H H T T
H T H T H T H T
Example:
X= gain
2
X= 50 →(HHH, TTH )→ 8
X= -30 →(HHT,THH,HTH,HTT,TTH,THT) →
6
8
50 -
x
3
0
2 6
P(x= 8 8
x)
µ=∑x-P (x=x)
2 −30 6
= 50 ( 8 )+( 1 )( 8 )
100 180
= 8 - 8
−80
= 8
= -10
2. Suppose Linda is working in an
insurance company and she sells a Ᵽ
100,000 one year term in insurance
policy at an annual premium of
Ᵽ29,000 actuarial table show that the
probability of death during the next
year for Linda’s customer whose age,
sex, health, etc. is 0.001. What is the
expected gain (amount of the money
made by the company) for a policy of
this type?
X- Gain
Customer’s death- 0.001
Customer’s lives- 0.999
µ = ∑x. P(x=x)
= 29,000 (0.999) + (-71,000) (0.001)
= 28,971 – 71
µ = Ᵽ28,900
The Binomial Distribution
Remarks
X Success
n-x Failures
n no. of trials
q 1-p
p probability of success in
each trial
3! 1 1
= 2 ! (1) !
( )
2 (1- 2 )
3 x 2x 1 1 1
= 2x1 ( 4 )( 2 )
3 1
= 1 ( 8 )
3
= 8
Fractions
Proper Fractions: The numerator is less
than the denominator
1 3 2
Examples: 3 , 4 , 7
Improper Fractions: The numerator is
greater than (or equal to) the
denominator
4 11 7
Examples: 3 , 4 , 7
2
3 , 1
4 , 1
2 , 3
8 , 3
5
4
2 , 3
2 , 3
3
,
16
15
,
99
5
3
8 + 3
8 = 6
8 = 3
4
4 3 7
12 + 12 = 12
Example of Addition Dissimilar Fractions:
3
4 + 2
8 = 6 +2
8 = 8
8 or 1 2
12 +
3 4+ 9 13
8 = 24 = 24
24
35 - 12
35 = 12
35
12
25 - 7
15 = 5
15
1
or 3