HOAX IN CENTRAL PANDEMI COVID-19

Novita Nur Fadilah1, Devani Listiana2, Rian Eka Yulianto3, Rina Arum Prastyanti4

Universitas Duta Bangsa

1, 2, 3
Jl. Bhayangkara no 55, Tipes, Serengan Surakarta

E-mail: 1 novitanf15@gmail.com, 2 listianadevani@gmail.com, 3 rianeka315@gmail.com ,

4
rina_arum@udb.ac.id

Abstract

The spread of hoax information is currently circulating more and more. The public receives hoax information more
than once a day. Social media is the most important channel in the spread of hoaxes (Siswoko, 2017) The community
becomes doubtful and doubtful about the effects of the hoax phenomenon in Indonesia. This situation is used by a
group of people who are not responsible for inciting and inciting hatred. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to
obtain a description of the interaction of communication hoaxes on social media and efforts to anticipate it. The
research method used is a qualitative approach through hoax cases that are in an uproar in the community regarding
issues arising from the pandemic Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). Public opinion emerged that the information
was valid because a lot of news hoax was spread and repeated through existing social media. There is a meaningful
approach to anticipating the spread of hoaxes in the community, namely the institutional, technological and literacy
approaches.

I. INTRODUCTION
Information and Communication Technology or commonly referred to as ICT is
technology related to technical equipment to process and distribute information. The
development of ICTs follows the times through the diversity of media, one of which is online
media. The use of online media that is easy and efficient makes this media as a place for
channeling information that has an impact on society 1. Online media not only makes people
convey information but also changes the style of society to process that information 2. The
internet takes the world economy to a new phase which is more popular with the term digital
economy or digital economy. As a technology-based trade, trade has reformed conventional
trade where interactions between consumers and companies that were previously made directly
become indirect interactions. At this time the distribution of information or news using online
media is not just through news sites that are well-known in the community, but anyone who uses
the internet can act in channeling information 3. The internet takes the world economy to a new
phase which is more popular with the term digital economy or digital economy. As a technology-
based trade, trade has reformed conventional trade where interactions between consumers and
companies were previously made directly into indirect interactions (Rina Arum Prastyanti,
2020). E-commerce has changed the classic business paradigm by developing a model of

1
Asmawi et al,,2019.Information Comunity Teknology,Yogyakarta.halaman:10
2
Larson,,1925.Information Social Media,Semarang.halaman 106
3
Siswoko,,2017.Internet World Economy.Jakarta.halaman : 20
interaction between producers and consumers in the virtual world. But there is a lot of
information that is disseminated from individuals and groups that cannot be accounted for in fact
alias indicated Hoax. Hoax is information or news that contains events that are uncertain or
absolutely not true facts that have the purpose of provoking or influencing the community 4. At
this time true information or news is difficult to find. Facebook, WhatsApp, and Instagram are
the most widely used media to spread hoaxes5. According to data from the Ministry of
Communication and Information Technology (Kominfo) there are 800,000 Hoax Spreader Sites
in Indonesia. The internet has become one of the media used by certain individuals for the
benefit of individuals and groups through the dissemination of negative content that has caused
chaos and mutual suspicion in society 6. The phenomenon of hoaxes in Indonesia is considered
to cause a variety of problems. It appears more and more at the time of the Covid-19 outbreak
(AS et al., 2020). President Joko Widodo himself stated that we must stop false news when
delivering remarks at the peak of the commemoration of the National Press Day (HPN) in
Ambon City, Maluku. While Press Council Chairman Yosep Stanley Adi Prasetyo said, false or
fake hoaxes, which have developed lately, have exploded for the past two and a half years, and
have become one of the main points of discussion in discussions of the 32nd HPN event this
year. In addition Hoax can cause divisions, be it between certain individuals or groups
(Rahmawati et al., 2019). Hoax can also tarnish the good name of the victim and benefit certain
groups. Most worryingly, hoaxes are able to cause facts to no longer be trusted (Septanto, 2018).
History can diverge and escape the effects of hoax news that is delivered on a prolonged basis.
Hoax is an important issue in Indonesia, considering that internet eaters in Indonesia in 2019
have already passed half of Indonesia's population. Based on this background, an interesting
thing to research more closely is about the relationship of hoax communication that arises on
social media. Thinking about social media is the most widely used media in hoax distribution 7.

II. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In research activities a method or strategy is needed, because a truth obtained in each
research activity can be achieved must meet a certain rule and must go through one step to
another. The research method is basically a scientific way to get data with specific purposes and
uses. Apart from being a method of finding ease of workmanship, a method is also used to
systematize understanding from both the author and the reader side so that it is easily understood.
Based on observations, the type of hoax that is most often circulating in the community today is
the problem covid-19 8. Based on these data, the research subjects in this study are cases in the

4
Gumgum et al,,2017.Information Hoax Covid 19 in Indonesia,Bandung.halaman:103
5
Ahyadi,,2017.Information Social Media,Kediri.halaman:50
6
Saputra,,2019.Internet Media Hoax,Kota Serang.halaman:100
7
Ravii Marwan Ahyad,,2017.History Information Hoax is issue Indonesia,Pekanbaru.halaman:22
8
Rahayu & Sensusiyati,,2020.Metode Research in Activity,Bandung.halaman;12
form of information / news and also hoax images that relate to issues that arise because of Covid-
19 which is crowded on social media. This research is a legal policy research with a qualitative
approach with grounded research models9. The subjects in this study are based on e-commerce
web sites. Data collection techniques used are observation, and documentation. cwritten or oral
words from people and observed behavior. This type of research is to use a qualitative method that
focuses on the literature review of this study intends to explore data and analysis carried out
simultaneously and involve several sources therein. The steps in the qualitative research method
are:

1. DataData
ReductionReduction is defined as the process of selecting focus on simplification, abstraction
and transformation of the raw data contained in the notes obtained in the field.
2. Data Presentation
Form a set of information that has been arranged by a roommate Gives the possibility of
drawing conclusions and taking action.
3. Conclusion and verification The
conclusion is the final step in data analysis.
Include several sources related to thecase covid-19 hoax. The data source used in this
study prioritizes references to books that contain information and communication elements.
This research also includes the results of field data on hoaxes that are starting to get crowded in
Indonesia. As supporting data, public information about news that is not necessarily true, and
issues that have been widely discussed. Primary data sources in this study are references to
hoaxes, and public arguments about information the media is weak truth. Secondary sources are
books about hoaxes, information, communication, also involves sources from the internet about
hoaxes. In collecting this research data, the writer wants to collect and classify data related to
today's hoaxes and find information about untrue news. After the data is collected, data analysis
is done based on the research categories sought. The results of data collection are then analyzed
descriptively. Descriptive is a statistical procedure to test the generalization of research results
based on one variable. Based on the news and information about hoaxes that appear and relate
to Covid-19. By combining data from social media and adding it with reference sources related
to Covid-19, the writer can get data that is ready to be presented as valid data in research on the
rise of Covid-19 hoaxes in Indonesia. By sorting information from the literacy of books,
videos, and official websites, the data needed for the writing of this research will be gathered.
In analyzing the data, this study seeks to dig deeper so that the hidden truths associated with the
Covid-19 hoax are discovered.
III. DISCUSSION
9
Soekanto & Soerjono ,,1986.Research method.Surabaya.halaman:10
 By the end of January 2020, the WHO identified 2019-nCoV in China and there were
around 300 cases identified in China 1. Every country has anticipated ways to prevent and
secure it, but the corona virus is still able to spread throughout the world including Indonesia.
In line with the spread of corona cases around the world, resulting in a variety of false
information about the virus .10 One of the false information circulating was President Joko
Widodo (Jokowi) positively infected with covid-19 virus.

Figure 1 Hoax (left) and the actual news (right) that includes President Joko Widodo (right).

Ministry of Communication and Information (Kominfo) records the amount of hoaxes

regarding Corona virus jumped from 36 content in four days to 232 content per day (3/16). One
of the rampant lies circulating on social media is President Joko Widodo (Jokowi) positively
infected by Covid-19. Minister of Communication and Information Johnny Plate said President
Jokowi was positive Corona was a hoax that was not very smart and posed a danger 11. Even
though President Joko Widodo's condition is monitored healthy and still working. This news was
published in an article containing screenshots of an online media news article on March 15, 2020,
at 15:05 WIB. The title of this news is "The Result of Examination of President Jokowi Positive
Corona Virus". A screenshot has been circulated from an online media news article titled "The
Result of the Examination of President Jokowi Positive Corona Virus". The article was published
on March 15, 2020, at 15:05 WIB.

After searching, these screenshots are edits from articles published by Detik.com which contains
different titles. This news was published on March 15, 2020, at 15:05 IWST with the original title
of the article being "President Jokowi Goes to Corona Virus Test This Afternoon".

10
Yunus & Rezki,,2020.WHO Identified 2019Ncov.Klaten.halaman:40
11
Rifauddin & Halida,, 2018. Ministry of Communication and Information
(Kominfo).Jakarta:halaman:3
 Hoax news about medical personnel who came from China has arrived at Soekarno-Hatta
Airport, Tangerang, Banten is rife on social media. This news has been viral via video in the
whatssap application on Thursday, March 26, 2020.

A Twitter account called @ ANDINI_MAHARAN1 Uploaded a short 14-second duration

that showed people wearing PPE in the Terminal 3 of Soekarno Hatta Airport, which claimed to
show a number of Chinese medical personnel who arrived to help treat Covid-19 patients in
Indonesia.

Figure 2 News and actual pictures of people taking full PPE.

Febri Toga Simatupang, Senior Manager of the Branch of Communication and Legal of
PT Angkasa Pura II Soekarno Hatta International Airport, when contacted by Liputan6.com
revealed that around 124 people were not arriving in Indonesia but were leaving for China.
Thursday (3/26/2020).

The flight is carried out at 17.00 WIB carrying hundreds of passengers wearing full PPE
clothes must be opened at the Departure X-Ray inspection. Because flights to and from China are
still closed, passengers chartered the plane by boarding an airline from Cambodia, then continued
to transit and then continued the trip to China. Achmad Nur Saleh asserted that the PRC citizen
was evacuated to be able to return to his home country using chartered cambodia airlines
(KR3708). The flight attendants were 7 crew members consisting of 1 Indonesian citizen and 6
foreigners (1 South Korean, 3 Cambodian, 2 Filipino) and 126 Chinese passengers.

The results of this study prove that the formation of social structures originated from hoax
12
information dissemination on social media According to the Chairman of the Indonesian Anti-
Hoax Society Septiaji Eko Nugroho there are steps that can help differentiate between news that is
categorized as hoax and original news that must be careful with provocative, careful titles choose
the address of the site, Check the facts where the source comes from, check the authenticity of a
photo / video, Participate in anti-hoax discussion groups / forums for example Anti-Defamation

12
Wijaya et al,,2019.Hoax Information Dissemination,Malang.halaman:107
Forum, Hasit, and Hoax (FAFHH), Fanpage & Group Indonesian Hoax Buster, Fanpage
Indonesian Hoaxes , and Sekoci Group (CNN Indonesia, 2016)

IV. CONCLUSION

Communication is important in the midst of this co-19 pandemic 13. organization makes the
community very vulnerable to get information that is not necessarily true. In research activities a
method or strategy is needed, because a truth obtained in each research activity can be achieved
must meet a certain rule and must go through one step to another. Based on these data, the
research subjects in this study are cases in the form of information / news and also hoax images
that relate to issues that arise because of Covid-19 which is crowded on social media. Research
data that has been collected, then processed and analyzed using the methods used by researchers is
qualitative. Qualitative research is research that produces descriptive data in the form of.

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