Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________

STE-GE–Q2–W3-08

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

PASAY CITY WEST HIGH SCHOOL

MODULE IN GEOMETRY
STE- Grade 8
Second Quarter/ Week 3 / Day 2

OBJECTIVE: Determines the relations among the sides of a triangle

YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

• Determining the Relations Among the Sides of a Triangle

This lesson will enable you to determine the relationship that exist among the sides
of a triangle.

TRY TO DISCOVER!

In the map at the right, X represents Jonathan’s

house and Z represents his school. In going to school
every morning, he saves time by walking through the
empty lot rather than walking along the sidewalk.
What figure is formed?
sidewalk

Notice that Jonathan’s house, the school and the

corner of the block maybe represented by the vertices of
a triangle, as shown in the diagram at the right.

Let us name the point represented by the corner C.

If If we want to prove that Jonathan’s route is really a short
cut, then we have to show that |𝑿𝑪| + |𝑪𝒁| > |𝑿𝒁|.

In the figure below, ⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶 is scalene, where |𝐴𝐵| > |𝐵𝐶|

and |𝐴𝐵| > |𝐴𝐶|. Hence two inequalities result, namely

|𝐴𝐵| + |𝐵𝐶| > |𝐴𝐶| and

|𝐴𝐵| + |𝐴𝐶| > |𝐵𝐶|

In other words, by using a property of the inequality relation among numbers, we have
shown that |𝐵𝐶| and |𝐴𝐶| in ⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶 are each less than the sum of the lengths of the other two
sides.

We now show that |𝐴𝐵| is also less than the sum of the
other two sides, or that |𝐴𝐶| + |𝐵𝐶| > |𝐴𝐵|. Let the perpendicular
segment from C to 𝐴𝐵̅̅̅̅ intersect 𝐴𝐵
̅̅̅̅ at D, as in the figure shown.

Then, in ⊿𝐶𝐷𝐵, |𝐵𝐶| > |𝐷𝐵| and in ⊿𝐴𝐶𝐷, |𝐴𝐶| > |𝐴𝐷|. Can you tell why? Since |𝐵𝐶| > |𝐷𝐵| and
̅̅̅̅, we have the third
|𝐴𝐶| > |𝐴𝐷|, |𝐵𝐶| + |𝐴𝐶| > |𝐷𝐵| + |𝐴𝐷|. Therefore, since D is a point of 𝐴𝐵
inequality, which is |𝑨𝑪| + |𝑩𝑪| > |𝑨𝑩|. We summarize the result as the Triangle Inequality
Theorem.
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

Triangle Inequality Theorem

The sum of the measures of two sides of a triangle is greater than the measure of
the third side.

A triangle cannot have sides whose lengths are 4 cm, 8 cm, and 12 cm respectively,
since 4 + 8 ≯ 12,

ARE YOU READY TO PRACTICE

A. In the given figure, what relation can be drawn between the segments?
Put the correct relation symbol.

1. CD ______ CB
2. CA ______ CD
3. BE ______ BA
4. BE ______ BC
5. AC + BC ______ AB
6. BE ______AE + AB

Answers: 1. CD < CB
2. CA > CD
3. BE < BA
4. BE < BC
5. AC + BC > AB
6. BE < AE + AB

B. Can a triangle have sides 2 cm, 4 cm and 6 cm? How about 4 cm, 6 cm and 8 cm?

Answers: No, a triangle cannot have sides 2 cm, 4 cm and 6 cm because 2 + 4 is not greater
than 6.
Yes, a triangle can have sides 4 cm, 6 cm and 8 cm.

C. Suppose that the lengths of the two sides of a triangle are 7 cm and 10 cm respectively. At
least how long should the third side be?

Answer: The third side should be greater than 3.

D. Find the greatest and the smallest possible integral lengths of the third side of a triangle if
the two other sides have measures of 5 cm and 8 cm.

Answer: Let x be the measure of the third side of the triangle. By the Triangle Inequality
Theorem, each of the statements must be true.

If 8 is the length of the longest side, then

x+5>8 If x is the longest side, then

or x > 3 (1) 5+ 8>x
or 13 > x (3)
Also, x + 8 > 5
x > -3 (2)
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

We disregard the second inequality because x must be positive. Combining (1) and (3),
we have 3 < x < 13. The smallest integral length of the third side of the triangle is 4 cm while
the greatest integral length is 12 cm.

PRACTICE EXERCISE 1

A. Indicate if the following lengths (all are in centimeters) can be used as sides of a
triangle by writing YES or NO.

1. 5, 7, 9 _____ 6. 3, 16, 9 _____

2. 5, 4, 11 _____ 7. 8, 8, 5 _____
3. 25, 24, 48 _____ 8. 4, 4, 4 _____
4. 11, 10, 7 _____ 9. 12, 12, 12 _____
5. 16, 7, 9 _____ 10. 19, 38, 19 _____
.
PRACTICE EXERCISE 2:

Complete the table by using the Triangle Inequality Theorem.

1st Side 2nd Side 3rd Side

Greater than Less than
10 4
5 6
7 11 4 10
1 11

SUMMING UP
The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the
length of the third side.

PRACTICE EXERCISE 3:

Answer the following:

1. What is the largest possible integral value for the third side if the sum of the lengths of two
sides of a triangle is 15? __________

2. What is the shortest possible integral value for each of the equal sides if the base of an
isosceles triangle is 10? __________

3. What is the length of the shortest side if the perimeter of a triangle

is 8 and the lengths of the sides are integers? ____________

4. Based on the figure, write down the sides of quadrilateral QPNZ

from the shortest to the longest. ____________
Integrated the Development of the Following Learning Skills:
➢ Communication Skills
A. Understanding of words / vocabulary: triangle inequality, greater than, less
than
B. Following instructions / directions:
C. Reasoning
D. Responding to ideas
➢ Critical Thinking 4. Character
A. Observation A. Honesty
B. Analysis B. Accuracy
C. Explanation C. Working Independently
➢ Creativity D. Patience
➢ Problem Solving
➢ Writing
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

EVALUATION:

Read each question carefully. Choose the letter that corresponds to the best
answer.

1. The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is:

A. equal to the length of the third side

B. greater than the length of the third side
C. less than the length of the third side.
D. equal to the length of the first side.

2. Which of the following sets of numbers could be the lengths of the sides of a triangle?

A. 9, 3, 2 C. 4, 1, 4
B. 12, 1, 14 D. 15, 3, 6

3. What is the range of possible length of the third side of a triangle if the lengths of the
two sides are 8 and 14?

A. 6 ∠ 𝑥 < 22 C. 𝑥 > 14 > 8

B. 8 ∠ 𝑥 < 14 D. 14 > 𝑥 > 8

̅̅̅̅?
4. In ⊿𝑃𝑄𝑅, PQ = 9 and QR = 5. Which of the following can be the length of 𝑃𝑅

A. 4 C. 14
B. 5 D. cannot be determined

5. Two sides of a triangle measure 10 and 12. Between what numbers must the measure
of the third side lie?

A. 10 and 12 B. 2 and 23
C. 6 and 22 D. 2 and 22

Prepared by:

Digna B. de Leon
Pasay City West High School

References for Further Enhancement:

1. Geometry by Julieta G. Bernabe, et.al., pages 84 - 85
2. New High School Mathematics by Maxima Acelajado, pages 168 - 176