NOISE CONTROL

SUBMITTED BY:
VANDNA PAL
JIGYASA MAHESHWARI
SUMIT RAGHAV
PRAJJUWAL TIWARI
ANKIT KAUSHIK
 CONTENTS

• Introduction
• Sound and noise
• Room acoustics
• Floor construction
• Space planning
• Noise control for main building equipment
• conclusion
 INTRODUCTION
• Noise is unwanted sound. It can cause hearing
loss, disturb communication or cause nuisance.

• Noise control is a set of strategies to reduce noise

pollution or to reduce impact , whether outdoors
or indoors.
 TYPES OF NOISE :

There are mainly three types of noises that are to

be minimized.
They are (i) air-borne noise,
(ii) structure-borne noise and
(iii) internal noise.
(i) Air-Borne Noise
• The noise that comes into building through air from
distant sources is called air-borne noise.
Remedies
• The building may be located on quite sites away from
heavy traffic, market places, railway stations, airports
etc.
• They may be shaded from noise by interposing a
buffer zone of trees, gardens etc.
 (ii) Structure-Borne Noise
• The noise which comes from impact sources on the
structural extents of the building is known- as the structure-
borne noise. It is directly transmitted to the building by
vibrations in the structure. The common sources of this type
of noise are foot- steps, moving of furniture, operating
machinery etc.
Remedies
• The problem due to machinery and domestic appliances
can be overcome by placing vibration isolators between
machines and their supports.
• Cavity walls, compound walls may be used to
increase the noise transmission loss.
(iii) Internal Noise
• Internal noise is the noise produced in the hall
or office etc.
• They are produced by air conditioners,
movement of people etc.

Remedies
• The walls, floors and ceilings may be provided
with enough sound absorbing materials.
• The gadgets or machinery should be placed on
sound absorbent material.
WHAT IS NOISE POLLUTION?
• Sound that is unwanted or disrupts one’s quality of life is
called as noise. When there is lot of noise in the
environment, it is termed as noise pollution.
• Sound becomes undesirable when it disturbs the normal
activities such as working, sleeping, and during
conversations
 SOURCE OF INDOOR NOISE

• the banging of doors, noise of playing children,

crying of infants, moving of furniture, loud
conversation of the inhabitants etc.
• Besides these are the entertainment equipment in
the house, namely the radio, record-players and
television sets.
• Domestic gadgets like the mixer-grinders, pressure
cookers, desert coolers, air- conditioners, exhaust
fans, vacuum cleaners, sewing and washing
machines are all indoor sources of noise pollution.
 TRANSMISSION OF NOISE
The noise is transmitted in the following 3 ways.
1. Through the air.
2. By the vibration of Structural Members.
3. Through the Structural Members.
The 1st type of noise transmission, being common is important.
The 2nd type becomes prominent only when the enclosing walls,
floors, ceilings etc. are of thin construction.
The 3rd type is prevalent where mechanical vibrations are caused,
particularly in case of factories, work shops, public buildings,
offices etc.
INDOOR NOISE LEVELS
MAXIMUM ACCEPTABLE NOISE LEVELS

The maximum level of noise which will neither annoy the occupants
nor damage the acoustics of the building is termed as acceptable
noise level inside the building.
Some maximum Acceptable noise levels:
SNo. Type of building /structure Noise level (dB)
1 Studios for radio broadcasting 25-30
2 Auditoriums 35-40
3 Small offices, court room,
40-45
libraries
4 Hospitals 40-50
5 Lecture Rooms 45-50
6 Residential Building 45-55
7 Large Offices 50-60
8 Factories 60-65
 SOURCE OF OUTDOOR NOISE
• These noises have their source of origin outside the room or
building, such as rood traffic, railways, aero-planes, lifts, loud
speakers, moving machinery in the neighborhood or in adjacent
buildings.
 TRAFFIC NOISE LEVELS

• Levels of highway traffic

noise typically range from
70 to 80 dB(A) at a
distance of 15 meters (50
feet) from the highway.
 PLANNING AND DESIGN AGAINST NOISE

• The provision of furnishing material and lining of walls and ceilings by

means of air-filled materials, helps to reduce the noise to a great
extent.
• The transmission of noise by vibrations can be prevented by making the
walls, floors, partitions very rigid and massive or heavy.

• Structure-borne noise or sounds can be

prevented by introducing discontinuities in
the path of vibrating waves and by using
sound absorbing materials.

• The personal protective devices, such

as earplugs, head-phones etc can be used
to reduce the noise to the extent of 20 to 30
dB.
Controlling noise through design and layout
•increase the distance between the noise and the location where it will be
heard – for example, locate the building as far as possible from a noisy street
frontage
•use zones to control noise, by grouping noisy or quiet activity spaces
together
•don’t locate windows or doors towards sources of noise
•avoid direct and flanking sound paths by off-setting doors and windows
from noise sources
•provide a buffer space or spaces between quiet and noisy spaces – for
example, by locating a wardrobe between bedrooms
•incorporate mass into external walls to block external noise, or use fencing
or earth mounding
•use sound-attenuating exterior walls or sound-insulated interior
partitions to control noise
Exterior building elements can be constructed to
limit the effects of exterior noise.
The two types of noise that the building envelope
must be able to keep out are:
•airborne sound passing through gaps and openings
•structure-borne sound from impact or vibration.
Sound-attenuating external walls
Where external walls face a source of outdoor noise, they should be of heavy
construction and without windows or doors if possible. If doors or windows are
necessary, doors should be solid with seals around the opening, and windows
should preferably be non-opening, using sound-attenuating laminated panes.
Acoustic performance of framed walls may also be improved by:
•using staggered stud framed construction
•incorporating proprietary sound absorbing materials into the ceiling construction
•using a proprietary acoustic rated wall construction system.
 Options for sound-attenuating wall construction
External sound envelope (fibre cement cladding)
A high-density sheet cladding with sealed joints,
thermal insulation, and sound attenuating interior
lining will provide sound reduction using
lightweight construction.
External sound envelope (brick veneer)
A brick or concrete masonry veneer, a rigid air barrier,
thermal insulation, and sound attenuating interior lining
is an expensive option using heavier weight construction.
It will provide effective sound reduction.
External sound envelope (concrete masonry)A high density
sheet cladding installed over battens, interior strapping,
thermal insulation and sound-attenuating interior lining will
provide an effective sound barrier.
Interior noise can be controlled by sealing joints and incorporating sound-absorbing
materials.

Options for sound-reducing construction for new internal

partitions:
•A standard 90 x 45 mm timber partition with two layers of 10 mm
plasterboard one side, sound absorbing insulation and one or two
layers of plasterboard on the other side – good noise reduction.
•A staggered stud partition with 140 x 45 mm bottom and top
plates, 90 x 45 mm off-set studs, sound-absorbing insulation
woven around the studs and 13 mm plasterboard on both sides –
moderate noise reduction.
•Double wall construction with two 190 x 45 mm partitions and a
10 mm gap, studs in each partition off-set from the other partition,
sound-absorbing insulation between studs and two layers of 10
mm plasterboard both sides – excellent noise reduction.
Reducing sound transfer through a
cavity partitionThe amount of sound
loss through a wall will depend on the
mass of the wall linings, gaps through
the wall and whether an acoustical fill
material has been installed.
High-mass fences or walls, or earth mounds, can reduce external noise as
long as the source is lower than or level with the barrier.
•Brick/concrete walls: A 2.0 m high brick or concrete masonry wall is an effective barrier
against direct noise, but some noise will pass over the barrier.

•Earth mounds: A similar effect may be achieved by building an earth mound to a similar
height.

•Timber fences: A 2.0 m high timber fence with solid palings (no gaps), sheet material or a
combination of both will create an effective noise barrier. The palings or sheet material
should have a minimum mass of 12 kilograms per square metre. The fence must have no
gaps or cracks or no spaces under the fence at the ground level.

•Trees and shrubs: These are not effective as an acoustic barrier but they provide a visual
barrier and may have psychological benefits.