Class:___ Name: Ch.5_More aboutPolyhomials 5.1 Revision on Polynomials % xR K X+X yt ay" A. Monomials and Polynomials * Amonomial is an algebraic expression which can be a number, a variable or the product of a number and one or more variables. e.g. ) NSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bk Ch (P.1) [Rev1.2.0] © Apolynomial can be a monomial or the sum of two or more monomials where ewch monomial in a polynomial is called a eg © Apolynomial in one variable of degree a is an algebraic expression of the form gx" + ag an + tax +arsGo | constant term, where nis a non-negative integer and the coefficients}ay, ay 1, ... » 42, a1, dofare real numbers with a, =0. ¢ Thd degreelof a polynomial is equal to the highest degree of its terms Isit a polynomial? | Variable(s) (if it isa] degree (if itis a Expression ° ‘ bo polynomial) polynomial) ‘ I fax! 5x3 42x? + 7x — 10 2 Px? 6x45 3) -x-6=0 2 yy 4B 574 s(t Siz ex 6 Ja —vt—6 7h 8 [3x"y) +5x +6y 41 9 [ors 48s eg.Given the polynomial 7x + 6y° 8 - 4x. ewrite the polynomial in 2 3 Lip mecntng prnersstc 7 Bt TX= 4X4 6x (i) descending powers of x: 9X? - TX t IX -B Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionChass: on) NSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bk Ch.S (P2) [Rev1.2.0] B. Addition, Subtraction and Multipfication of Polynomials a_aAae——TTian“" —Eeeere eg.l Add 3x’—5x*+8x-1 and 8-5x+8x'-9x" eg.2 Subtract 4x° 45x" —2x from x* 3x42 & C.W. Simplify wen aie AY» 2 24 414@ tbs" GB IN +BD = ~4y? H10X*+15K-6 eg.3\ Multiply2x’ +4x-Sby3—5x. CW. Simplify (6x — x + DOP + 1), Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionNSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bk4 ChS (P3) [Rev1.2.0] OFF FRA 2K Oy, -16X4420K" =x -4x toe Review: Division of Polynomials by Monomials. = Bn 285) _ —/6x tO ( 20x = = coe 3 ce. Simplify (Tx! 322039 Ine4 3 ae : tx =o =4x~5x CW. Simplify (-16x* BO Beh A. Method o(Long DivisigDof Polynomials [Division of numbers Jes? 2 Quotient 9 FRB| divisor |—2 > -—lividend WRPRES &. Quotient = = iominde 3 Remainder ‘fe x divisor Dividend 2 >, Quoiems 2X + 2X-2 remainder Remainder = — 2. Note: The degree of the remainder is always smaller than the degree oF diviser. Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionClass:___ Name: on) NSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bk4 ChS (PA) [Rev1.2.0] CW. Find the quotient and the remainder when 2x my ox + / 4x° —7x-+ Lis divided by 2x 3 1 Quotient = 2x 42x41 23-3 4x4 Ox Tkt) Le Mar Wen = ae temainder when FRR-EXT 6x + 9x? — Sis divided by 3x? +x—2. px TX «1 Quotient = 7X-1 x= lematnder = 13x-F 3x 3x5) B. DivisionAlgorithmof Polynomials sop M=@x3 +! SERPS t @ Tx Fix —b% 732 / ~3x ae Qubtient) vremai “9X X42 TRE In general, for the dividend f(x), the divisor the quotient Qoy and the remainde QR) we have the division Tt 72 fix) = POO. BO”) _ ROD where the degree of R(x) x_less than deg ree of divisor Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumision(NSS Mathematies (Compulsory) Bk4 ChS (PS) [Rev.l.2.0] )s divided by a polynomial, the quotient and the remainder are x’ + 3x— 2 and. age ' dD divisovy Quotient) + (Remainder 2x74 5x2 Fxt | = (divisorY x74 3x-2) + CD wt atrt2= divisor, 2x-/ X74 3X -2 X4BK-2) DPA FE xD cur. 2x7 +b -4F divisor= 2X-| =XTIBK FD ty the poly nomial wy 2x-/. —A-ZXtS ve a polynomial f(x) is divided by the linear polynomial h(x), the remainder is R When another polynomial g(x) is divided by h(x), the remainder is Ro. Find the remainder when (a) f(x) + g(x) is divided by hoo, (b) £(x) g(x) is divided by hex). Show your steps clearly. Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionTest ;/ Find the remainder in the division . BL (xX8=3 x74) + (X-2) Let file x?-3x"¢ tl = (2 -3x'¢ Oxt 17 OY) fQ2 P3071 Xr xX 2 =B-i2ell xr K a bONeHT =7 ¥? = 2x" —zI9x =x? + 0X Xl 4K _ -2x tll Att av Vemainder ve zt! a2. Ob a9 Ot) vet fod x2-2Xx =(¢ t0x"-2X +0) zxti) 2I)E 21) e-|t2 21 i ~ ~x 72K x 7—X ATO % What 7 the number to Sule stitute ? V Lt 1 the number making the divisor ZCv0.) NSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bk4 Ch (P6) [Rev.2.0 Remainder Theorem When a polynomial I(x) is divided by (mx+n), the remainder is fy Let Q(x) be the quotient and R be the rewainder, where R is agonstayl. . Dividend =(div isov (Quslient) +(vemainder) “gvion eC) ROO) (2) = fm Sten) @OX) + ROD O QO) +kLx) R(x) the remainder te a). Determine theffemamderhwhen the polynomiafog) divided by each of the following divisors Criss” O Remainder Divisor | Remainder 1 xt fe 5 x20 £(0) sara (3) u \ 2 -x+120 (|) 3 2x4 L=G f(s 7| -2%x-120 G3) @ i * a ot \ oS ~ a) NSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bk4 Ch (P.7) [Rev.2.0] “Q aS ol. Ler FOX) = niex-1) 9 FG) a fl-2) = (4 +4410C4-1) =(2 -5 415-0 <4 N4F a hyaya4 o 7 reMows a 4e 2, remainder wo ‘ ope. et FO) = X?- 2EX +K fC =13 -B+b6kK+K=03 tkK=>1 k=3 e.g.3 When the polynomial 6x’ + 5x Vis evita MC ea De remainder is Find the value(s) ofa 2a7-Fa +3=0 (2a-3)(a-| J=O 1 pe? = asZ 1a | h ns Dre rersiner ae 2and—7 2 yet AN + _ 3 ft) = t 2-2 atmern te 26-F + oA) tu(-Z) 25°F mens 6 3} 4 Gin in M=~6-n-( “oh + he - 28 test oh -@ int ©, 33> 49m ~6n+B=-28 3(-6-u)-2n =-3 Gm-6n=-4F -18-Fn =- 2? M-2N=-3B neg 2 23 ‘7 m=-gN =-3. cmainder when Keg x ind the rer om 1 5 CD 24a) ya)= Flxt) 4) = FUt)= £0) = 9(3)*- 1203) t l= SFT <) Kemoaindsy hm 3F. Let hixd= f (x-2) hC3) =F (-3-2) = FC 5) = 9-5) -12-5) 4 1 =261 oy pemaindly =26 |. xl ud by () fa © a) Let gix)= Flxti) fa = futn=Ffle) ze2? tole) |= I/F a Veawaindeér = tF. b) Let h&d= FX) ; ; h(= f(4) = -47°+6(4) + | =33 <7 be me ind &@r =233. Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionCass: Nase () NSS Mathematies (Compulsory) Bk.t Ch, eg.5 Let | £(x+3) 6x’ + 8x —2.| Hind the remainder when (a) £0043) is divided by x1 (b) f(x) is divided by x -2 (c) fx -2) is divided by x +2. CW. Let [fix-2) = x9 + 6x? 7x +1) Find the remainder when (a) fx 2) is divided by x (b) £2x) is divided by (c) f(x") is divided by x +1 Remainder Theorem F009 + OK) KF) FO) yemainder =f) =K oe @~— | GC Class: Name: ) NSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bh4 Ch (P10) [fev 20] 4 Factor Theorem -- Xo ax=-b axtb=0 A. Factor Theorem L a Factor Theorem . é) If f(x) is a polynomial and ff J= 0, then =v) a factor of f(x). _— = = - ce Lae b ff (ax-+b) is a factor of a polynomial f(x), then f(-,) = 0 4 — xo 4 2 X=] 2 0 -120 2x sot ax +420 linear factor of the polynomial {(x) for etch of the following conditions. FX) v x Linear Factor Linear Factor 1] wy=o0 X-] 4 =o gx44 O 2)=0 X+Z 5) Rg=o Xx peek seo | BX-b |e wpe | Jx-# | Fg? Xez Vet Larrea Ga) 28 Tx 2 Xx X ) 3x24 (a) Ve ieatan determine whether each of the following iva tutor of RO)3K~F =0 Ae J b) RE4XE | Gosp X ) complete X t2)2y2¢2V’ —FKx42 4 ) factorize P(x) completely. 3 2 18) POXT™ 3x? 42x - 4X42 Fx tox _ Pele seve Ai+2 =BFO AER Or (X41 15 NOT a factorof Po. Uk 8X__— ° = Xtz wi) Ped) 231-2420" (2) 42. =O x42 o Tey a factor oF Pix). aii) pl2)=3lrFaree Ha) =70¢0 oy (x2) Ts NOT a Factor 6 PO). 242 Maths Pa nck apace thst poamson 2 Poo = (142) BX 4X!)Plass:___ Name: ( ) BhAChS (P11) [Rev2.0] eg.2 If2x1Jisa factor of P(x) = 4x! +kx? + 5x6, (a) find the value of k. (b) Hence factorize P(x) completely. B, Factorizing Polynomials by Factor Theorem, 1, Factorization of Polynomials c leadin: % wmeeGanip) is acto ao jee Fx 2\Xe- we ae? 3-442 =bF0 X-> xi tea im I- Le -1- 344412212 £0 Xa __— ae Fl) Pe 3OP-40) 412 =O oe + 2X ey (2) TS a factor. —=hxHe Fis)= (x-2Nx"= X<6 cbxtle = (XN x42) V ex. 2x5 = 13x? = 14x 4 24 ¢ x xX X ) ete 2x13 x" |4x424 ae | 42-13-14 +24 =O or (KD Ts a factor — Fi) Ib + 2(-2P-13-2)= 14 224 =O or (X42) 15 a factor (X-D(X42) To 9. factor”(4X2) 6 OD KD a Bp OF X44X7-2y* X7-11X” “lax yet xX7- 2X eX ape HYPE K 424 oF Fad Pua Brad) Xt 2)X 000-3 OA TB yee lowxe= Zw ket TTS a/"_ SXWX—IXI_ SES,Class:___N on) NSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bk4 Ch.S (P12) [RevL2.0] 2. Factorization of Polynomials with leading coefficient not equal to 1 . 2x4 5K-3 Views Factor 20) 182 424-3 PRA TR KB x4 BENS X41 2X74 FK42&-3 Let =2 3 ze Fin= 20 squpe200-3 FO ZK 12x 2-2 +7-2-3<0 # XT42Xx <7 fen 7sa focter POF 21 FOD=(K+t AX *t Fx-3) y-3 y = ¢ D(H us 2 $x 0-4 Let fOJ= 1B x?- Tx°-BxtF 2-1) = Ge fiz 18-4 -84+ 440 (BX te Oxi fi)> -19-14 BtFF0 (8°-4x F{2)2 1818) -9b)"- 30) +4# 0 o- 6x ale b= 18 (4)-U4P $420 CSR oy / (2X-) Te a factor. Bx+4 , FUx)= (2x -WI9X- 4) = (2x -1INPXR GX) Vegs LetP(x) Ov-wer( x X ) P : plZ)22(2)' (2) 144 12 = 41+ J -2/+12=0 ©) (2X-3) Tg a pore 2 Ee 2x7—3x* 4x*-14X 242 Mats Pa et ar—Bx tle -Gxtl2 0+ pede (20Quax- WS P(xJ=0O C IC d (2X -3) oO C)2xX-3=0 OY X+2x-F=0 2) yo Eo Xz 247. —_— K2 TEE /)Class:___ Name: Factorize the following polynomials: 1. 2x) 3x? 17K 430 2. 6x) + Ie 4x4 3. 3x! = 2x' + 12x7— 8x 4. ox! x) 2x + 13x +6 5. Ox! 3x8 4 7x7 — 3x2 Solve the following equations: 6. 8x! + 22x" +7x—10=0 7. axt 4 12x! + 3x7 -3x-1=0 8. 2x! 45x) - 90 = I1x-4=0 ) NSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bk4 Ch.5 (P13) [Rev2.0] Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionClass:___ Name: ) Miscellaneous Exercises Vannes x)= (k+2)x2 4 8k 3. QR yo. (kt Dx* 4BK -3 Jilk) = 2k* KAD BE - 3 =2f* - fF —-2k 4 BK -3 — 2k*= nae 2 ee “4k +8k-3 =0 "Koz oe tae =o oes x. OF 3)(2K-1)=0 If x? + x~ 12 is a factor of g(x) =x! + ax’ — 13x" + bx + 24, find the values of a and b. ) BA ChS (P.1g [Rev.2.0] = Hence, solve g(x) = 0. Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionyp:__ Name: ) NSS Mathematies (Compulsory) Bk Ch.S (P15) [Rev.l.2.0] Writ using division, find the remainder when 2x* — 5x’ + 10x” — 8x + 6 is divided by x” — x A polynomial P(x), when divided by x ~ 1, leaves a remainder When P(x) is divided by x — 2, it leaves a remainder What is the remainder when it is divided by (1-2)? Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumision) NSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bk4 Ch5 (P.16) [RevL2.0] Class:___ Name: ion of number (*) Application of Remainder Theorem on di: Ye Find the remainder when x7 4x is divided by x-1 (b) Hence, find the remainder when (i) 8°48 isdivided by 7, (ii) 8° is divided by 7. lo Find the remainder when x! 46 is divided by x41. 8146 iscivided by 9 (b) (i) Hence, find the remainder when (ii) What is the remainder when 8's divided by 9? Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionName: ()_.NSS Mathematies (Compulsory) Bk Ch.5 (2.17) [Rev.l2.0] 4 (a) Find the remainders when x= 3x is divided by x-1 and x+1_ respectively. (b) Find the remainder when (i) 7” is divided by 6 (ii) 7” is divided by 8. ~w bveak ~ Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionHCE= Highest Common Factor : KE X Lom.= Least Common Mu Hiple peels Vewl ‘ean py tee! © ¥ Sucre Zz = 2X PCM. 2xZ y? 2? = 6x? y72” * ote: HGR «LOM = The Product. of the 2d &x press ons | % 0? +b? =(atv\(o'-abth) WV Aa-WNp2tab+b) 2x? + 54 SDK F) ABA 3K ) | 3 ot = 709 BaD) | He X+ lone by (X+3)(X-30°-3x4 4) Veg.3 Given two polynomials P(x) = 2x! +x’ -13x+6 and Q(x)=4x'— 4x" - 11x46, (a) Factorize(Poy)and Q(x). Find the GC.D, and the L.C.M. of P(x) and Q(x), 3a) P(x) 22K? Fx -13 X46 245% pi2)= 20h? 130146 =O xr peexradgxed a 2% 4x7 SASK SK 10K ext 3x48 Vcg2. Find the H.C.E and the LCM, of 2x’ +54 and 3x°— 27) NSS Mathematigy (Compulsory) Bk4 Ch.S (P19) [RevL2.0] “QLx)2 4x2 — 4x7 LLIX+4 6. Qcye 40f 40}- )1(2)+ 620 CMe ce Vea) oh weter Gall 36a"b'c” respectively. If two of the eXpressions Ga"be and 12ab"e?, find the third © Gacps ane the two expressions fx) and £0) a ee vely, then (x) YH) = mx) n(x) , ace LOM Vegs WHCE x — 6) and (x —3)(x — 6)(x + 7) respectively, = 6): (x -2) X67 (x44 The eee MEX _ ~ (x-3)(xX-6)L = (x4TXK-6 ) = (XK-3XX-6) 21 Maths Pa nt apace thst poem,Arational function is a function can be written a: 2 | x -2x —_—_ > —_—— oe kB’ “XFL Where P and Q are polynomials and Q #0. A. Multiplication and Division of Rational Functions. —— S16 | 2x4 eg.l Simplity— x= ® Pee xe 2x8 x dx VX*1b x 2X4 YerK-B X44 =a *K eg2 Simplify a 4b" a? 4 2ab— 3b" Baba’ 2ab a+ 3ab QO” -2ab ) _(ar20ro-% (B-pkae%b @(av) | AE ax Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionClass: aS a on) NSS Mathematics (Compulsory) Bk4 Ch (P21) [Revl2.0] B. Additlon and Subtraction of Rational Functions + + 5 AGF Vv 3 eg3 Simplify 3! i x =x-12 3 : Sq pee abe 2 Kol 4 3 K+ 2NK-3IX4 4, ED * EDD (ers De4) TreiNKt4) *30x43)_ |) = OVO — (x43) X- 3)0xt4) O43 +4) X74 3x-4 49x 44 OXF 2) K-FNXH4) iN} iT 2 1 2 24 Simplify : + + SEE SIMPY Gx0 9x7 2x41 4x7 10x + 2 21 Maths Pa nt apace thst poem,= entity +e SXClass:___ Name: (NSS Mathematies (Compulsory) Bk.4 Ch.5 (P22) [Rev.12.0} C. Further Manipulations of Rational Functions Vers P31 a he caves Panto (4x-3)(x- 6) x-6 Ba 3 _- &@ _ 1 sxterona QD Bu 4Xx-3 misah: (atic) ~ XS (4x -3)- 1X6) Break down *—*. in partial fraction 2 xb 4X-H) 3480-¢ ©) By Comparison, (6-36) 4b Ab-12P , 6-34.25 I2- a 32=4 QF ‘pel ) 2 Maths © Da nce wpraduce without poems,Class:__ Name ) NSS Mathematies (Compulsory) Bk4 Ch.S (P23) [Rev.2.0] x9 x-6_x-8 x-5 ey sotve PES c Pe Maths Pa ct pendace mthoutpoumisionPP “onierona nin ‘Non-foundation (ea 4 x SP 4+Bx43 xP—2xy x—2y * ’ oo; 10 | 5 a Ses Fe 6 laos Ae Memmaesimmagicitinerts) ike abroaere= ee 2x10 24004) 8 a xHl 5 Assignmont Guide © "Simply rational tunctons. ic ® Multiplication and/or division of rational functions. Exercise SF) § wie Sine! worm @ Mixed operations of ational tuncons. @ Fd unkown) in ratonalinctons ‘expressions. (1 - 4) ws toe) eats a Sytaxytay FF wt ade HD 1 os Sa aa -8 4x8 But+ex+4) dof S288 Gee) Se 40F-2eea) ‘the following expressions. (13 — 18) 1 1 : wee GDNet Gr DEr HOT @=9Gr-9 xGx-Q WH 22+ Gz: abe + De“D ilore about Polynomials 5 3 7 Peas aie Mtx-6 2x? —Sx42 Level 2 Sx-8 Uae A 3 find the values of Aand B, CEampeS31) A=1,8=9 x-3) OetT Q SF find the values of Pand Q. P=5,0=2 Det atsared te Beet = 26? 2a? + Sab +267 a+2 a= apap ard the following expressions. (24 — 27) 9 10 1 : (&+3)(X-6) (6 -x)(x+4) (x +3)(x44) ee G@+y) R@ty) FY me ett 2 Daath ire a ming S-Oeoer fy the following expressions. (28 - 33) a ZH3x42 gece ty 24d 24+ 2+) 3 Bey x—2 | TGR) (GM Show that c— Lis a factor of c+ 5e*+2e—8, we Hence, factorize c+ 5c? + 2c—8 completely. (c-1)(c + 2\(e-+ 4) eee C+ 8c+12 1 Y Simplify x SFE Pll Fe 10+6 O45 +2e-8 4Jextbook p. 5.43 3x 4 O18: (1-x@x—2) x@x—2)12-x P 20, If———~__= Q r= DaFD = hel xa? find the values of P and Q.9 10 1 @+I@-0 Comets GHEE4 xd x+ | "9 @ xX wise 2 (xt il? = (xt): ZI . XxX 2) Ter X => X-|tiw A “Rev EX 5 multipe of Bb (84,16, >4,32,40,46,56) 4IwA > $can paf > Iniss Yuen S$ Classroom Deadlines 24. 7. 2020 Qz000w |