NAME: HAMNA AMIR ROLL NO:2020F-BCE-090 SEC: B

ASSIGNMENT NO: 2
Q1. Explain the initial difficulties faced by Pakistan after independence, with special
reference of Quaid’s effort for solving the problems.
ANSWER:

Introduction:

The development of Pakistan, after a long and laborious opportunity development, was
infact an extraordinary triumph of the majority rule thought of life. The Indian
Muslims joyfully and boldly set out their lives and properties to accomplish an
objective in which they saw the satisfaction they had always wanted of carrying on
with an autonomous life liberated from Hindu and English strength. Quaid-e-Azam on
fifteenth August, 1947 said:
“My contemplations are those bold contenders in our motivation who promptly
relinquished all they had, including their lives to make Pakistan conceivable.”

INITIAL DIFFICULTIES OF PAKISTAN:

From its very beginning, Pakistan confronted countless issues. A
portion of the underlying challenges were

 Choice of Capital and Establishment of Government:

The principal issue that Pakistan needed to confront was to pick a funding
to frame a Legislature and to set up a secretariat. Karachi was picked as the capital of
Pakistan. Quaid-e-Azam took the workplace of the Lead representative General, Liaquat
Ali Khan was named as Leader and a Bureau of experienced people was chosen. Plans
were to be made to bring the authorities who had selected Pakistan from Delhi to
Karachi.

 Unfair Boundary Distribution:

A limit commission was set up under an English Executive, Sir Cyril
Redcliff. He abused his forces and gave over Muslims greater part regions like
Gurdaspur, Ferozpur and Junagadh to India consequently giving them a door to
Kashmir. Quaid-e-Azam considered it an unfair, vast and even unreasonable honor.
 The Massacre of Muslim Refugees in India:
On the birth of Pakistan, Hindus and Sikhs turned out to be more incensed.
In an arranged move, Muslims properties were determined to fire and they were
constrained to leave India for Pakistan

with only their lives. A large number of outcasts were murdered before they arrived at
Pakistan. Numerous transients were plundered and must be given boarding quickly as
they arrived at Pakistan.

 Division of Military and Financial Assets:

So as to humiliate Pakistan monetarily, India did a ton of trustworthiness in
the issues of Pakistan which were worried about its advantages. Pakistan was
guaranteed to get Rs. 750 million.
however the Indian Government wouldn't give. Pakistan got just 200 million. Pakistan
additionally didn't get the due portion of the military resources. This exploitative
demeanor put Pakistan into incredible challenges.

 Canal Water Dispute:

The vast majority of the streams streaming in Pakistan have their cause in
India. In 1948, India halted water flexibly to Pakistani trenches to harm the Pakistani
agribusiness. Anyway on ninth September, 1960 on understanding called Indus Bowl
Deal was marked between the two nations.

 Kashmir Dispute:
Kashmir question is the most significant and unsolved issue. Kashmir is the
common piece of Pakistan in light of the fact that at the hour of parcel 85% of the
Kashmir's all out populace was Muslim. The Hindu Dogra Rule, who was furtively with
the Administration of India, pronounced Kashmir as a piece of India. Pakistan has
consistently demanded that Kashmir must get their privilege of self assurance yet due to
non-participation of India, Kashmir issue actually stay unsolved.

 Economic Problems:
At the point when Pakistan appeared, it generally comprised of monetarily
in reverse and immature regions. The farming framework was old and obsolete which
added to the monetary backwardness of the zones shaping piece of Pakistan. Before
segment the Hindus, with the gifts of the English Government, had gained total
imposing business model in exchange and trade. The whole capital was in the
possession of the Hindus. Lamentably, the banks and other monetary establishments
were situated in An indian area. The significant enterprises were likewise in those
regions which were important for India. Other than these components the specialized
specialists and workers, who worked the enterprises, were all Hindus in light of the fact
that the Muslims amazingly lingered behind in training and monetary capacities. The
deficient arrangement of transportation and correspondence likewise made its
antagonistic effect on monetary improvement of the nation. The railroad framework and
stream transportation in East Pakistan was in exhausted condition. The streets were in
pitiful and unsalvageable condition. The correspondence and transportation framework
in West Pakistan, relatively, was in better position. The force assets in the two wings
were scant and insignificant which were deficient to meet the public necessity.

 Constitutional Problem:
At the hour of foundation of Pakistan the Legislature of India Act 1935
turned into the working constitution of Pakistan with specific adaptions. Be that as it
may, the need of a constitution encircled by the chosen delegates of the individuals was
vital with the expectation of complimentary individuals. So the principal constituent get
together was shaped and was given the undertaking to outline the constitution for the
nation. However, the constituent gathering neglected to outline a constitution even in
eight years. Absence of a lasting constitution made odds of degenerate obstruction in
majority rule progress of Pakistan. Then again, the constituent gathering presented
additional conventional forces on Lead representative General which a while later
prompted future sacred emergency.

 Administrative Problems:
Pakistan appeared under the most shocking conditions. The
Legislature of Pakistan couldn't get sufficient opportunity to set up functional
regulatory apparatus in light of the extraordinary troubles made by Congress. The
Indian Government embraced postponing strategies n moving the Administration
workers and authority record which disturbed the circumstance.

In this way the quick undertaking before the country was to build up a serviceable
managerial and Government apparatus to run the issues of the recently conceived state.
The greatest authoritative issue confronting Pakistan was the intense deficiency of able
and experienced faculty in the Focal and Commonplace Governments. Besides, there
weren't sufficient seats, tables or even fixed and paper pins for regulatory purposes. Be
that as it may, Quaid-e-Azam gave his prompt consideration towards setting up of
authoritative hardware and found a way to beat the managerial issues of the new state.

 Annexation of Princely States:

All Indian royal states were given the option to connect up with both
of domains. Notwithstanding, the destiny of certain states stayed unsure. The Muslim
Nawab overseeing Junagadh supported in agreeing to Pakistan. In any case, Indian
Government sent Armed force troops towards Junagadh and involved the State
forcibly in November, 1947.

Hyderabad Deccan was the biggest and most extravagant state administered by Muslim
pioneer Nizam who chose to stay free. In any case, pressure strategies started to the
applied by Indian Government and Mountbatten. India assaulted Hyderabad on
thirteenth September 1948 and persuasively attached this state to India.

QUAID-E-AZAM EFFORT TO SOLVE INITIAL

PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN:
Pakistan needed to confront numerous issues after its rise. The first
and quick issue, which welcomed the administration consideration was the recovery of
the evacuees, a large number of ravaged people were driven into Pakistan to make
challenges for the administration which was occupied in combining itself. Quaid-e-Azam
took care of the circumstance emerging out of the convergence of evacuees with vision,
astuteness and mental fortitude. He gave mixing addresses to resuscitate confidence and
trust in the troubled evacuees. He cautioned the administration authorities that they were
no more the rulers and now ought to act as workers of the individuals with public soul.
He tended to the country and stated, on the off chance that we are not joined we will get
feeble and disrespected. We are on the whole Pakistanis. None of us is a Punjabi, Sindhi,
Balochi, Pathan or Bengali. Everybody of us should figure, feel and go about as a
Pakistani and we should feel glad for being Pakistani alone.

Quaid-e-Azam quickly set to the troublesome assignment of re-

constructing the monetary framework and requested that a State Bank of Pakistan be set
up right away. On first July, 1948, in his debut address he stated, The Bank represented
the Power of our kin in the monetary circle. So as to put the managerial apparatus on
going great, the Common Administrations Rules were drafted and the Pakistan
Secretariat was built up. Records and Unfamiliar Administrations were presented and
the principal Pay Commission was set up. Base camp for Naval force, Armed force and
Flying corps were set up at better places. Jinnah immovably put stock in authorizing the
lawfulness, he emphatically contradicted nepotism, pay off, defilement and dark
advertising, he wanted to see Pakistan reformist, forward looking, current and
government assistance situated inside the constraints of Islam.

CONCLUSION:
Pakistan appeared as a free Muslim state in very negative conditions. It
had no assets, it needed to develop its regulatory apparatus from a scratch. Be that as it
may, Preeminent endeavors were made by the Quaid-e-Azam and his associates to
wrestle with the circumstance. His brilliant standards Solidarity, Confidence and Control
offered approach to Pakistan for a splendid fate of a solid and very much created nation.
In his last message to the country on fourteenth August 1948, he told the country.
The establishment of your state has been laid and it is presently for you to manufacture
and work as fast and as well as could be expected under the circumstances.