HYPOTHESIS

Prepared by:
MA. TERESA A. MONDERIN,
RN-MAN
DISCLAIMER…
For ACADEMIC
Purposes Only.
No Copyright
infringement intended in
all references, materials
and sources used. The
Author/s reserves the
rights.
HYPOTHESIS

a tentative conclusion
or answer to a specific
question raised at the
beginning of the
investigation.
 EDUCATED
GUESS ABOUT THE
ANSWER TO
SPECIFIC
QUESTIONS.
 I. SIMPLE VS COMPLEX
SIMPLE
Predicts relationship between
one independent variable and one
dependent variable

Example:
“ The Accuracy of Radial Pulse Rate
Assessments per minute taken by
Nursing Personnel will differ on the
Basis of Number of Years of
Experience”
COMPLEX
 Predicts Relationship

between/among two or
more independent
variables and two or
more dependent
variables
 Also termed as
Multivariate Hypothesis
Examples:
“ There will be differences in
responses to the psychological,
cognitive and physical Family needs
from nurses differing ICU’s and with
differing lengths of employment in
the units”
“ Effects of Caloric Intake on
Weight is moderated by Gender (
Inclusion of Mediator or
Moderator Variables)
II. NULL VS ALTERNATIVE
HYPOTHESIS
Null ( Ho)
 Statement of NO DIFFERENCE
 Also known as STATISTICAL
HYPOTHESIS
Example:
“ There is no significant
relationship……”
“ There is no significant difference
between the quality of sleep of post by-
pass patient exposed to Noise Sound
and Musical Sound.
Alternative ( H1)
Predicts difference, effects or
change

Example:
“ There is a significant
relationship between the age
of a patient and the risk of
Falling”
Support is sought for
H1 by disproving Ho
III. DIRECTIONAL VS.
NON-DIRECTIONAL
HYPOTHESIS
Directional
 predicts the type of
relationship between the
variables, which in turn
specifies the expected
direction of the treatment
effect.
Example:
“ Persons petting a dog with
whom they have a
companion bond will
experience a greater
reduction in heart rate &
blood pressure than when
petting an unknown dog
Non-Directional
 Predicts that the
relationship exists, but
not specifying the
direction
Example:
Cumulative GWA of
students affects their
performance in the Board
Examination
 IV. STATISTICAL VS
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Statistical Hypothesis
 Null and Alternative
Hypothesis Written in
statistical terms
Ho : U1 = U2
H1 : U1 > U2
Research Hypothesis
 Written in narrative form
Others:
Research Hypothesis:
Substantive, Declarative.
Scientific, alternative

Statistical Hypothesis:
Null Hypothesis
Exercises:
1. Low risk pregnant women who value
health highly; believe that engaging in
health promoting behaviors will result in
positive effects; and perceive fewer
barriers to health promoting activities
are more likely than other woman to
attend pregnancy related educational
programs.

COMPLEX, DIRECTIONAL HYPOTHESIS

2. Baccalaureate degree –
prepared nurses will practice
more rehabilitative nursing
measures on a client in an ICU
than will associate degree-
prepared nurses

SIMPLE , DIRECTIONAL HYPOTHESIS

3. Neuberger and her colleague
(2017) studied the effect of low
impact aerobic exercise program
on fatigue and aerobic fitness
among people with rheumatoid
arthritis.

COMPLEX, NON-DIRECTIONAL
HYPOTHESIS
4. The effectiveness of an
outreach program to
encourage flu shots among
the community dwelling
elderly

SIMPLE , NON- DIRECTIONAL

HYPOTHESIS
5. An Experimenter may design a study
to measure the effect of reducing
cholesterol in subjects with mild
angina. The subjects would be
randomly assigned to two groups: an
experimental group and a control
group. The Subjects in the
experimental would then alter their
diets, while the control group subjects
would change nothing.
SIMPLE , NON- DIRECTIONAL
HYPOTHESIS
6. “Effects of Nurses’
Contraceptive Counseling on
unwanted birth

SIMPLE , NON- DIRECTIONAL

HYPOTHESIS
 GUIDELINES IN
FORMULATION OF
EXPLICIT HYPOTHESIS
1. In experimental
investigations,
hypotheses have to
be explicit, they have
to be expressed.
2. In descriptive and
historical investigations,
hypothesis are seldom
expressed if not entirely
absent. The sub-
questions serve as the
hypothesis.
3. Hypotheses are usually stated
in the null form because testing a
null hypothesis is easier than a
hypotheses in the operational
form. Testing a hypothesis simply
means gathering data to answer it.

4. Hypotheses are formulated

from specific questions upon
which they are based
ASYNCHRONOUS
ACTIVITY
 TOPIC 1
AWARENESS ON LEPTOSPIROSIS OF COMMUNITY
RESIENTS IN MANILA: BASIS FOR HEALTH
TEACHING MATERIAL

TOPIC 2
KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES PREVENTION ON
DENGUE OF COMMUNITY RESIDENTS AS BASIS
FOR HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAM
 Divide your self into groups with 4 members or below ( of your
choice) . If you prefer to do this alone, you may do so.
 Choose 1 of the topics given and do the following:

 Develop 1 purpose statement ( 2 points)

 Develop at least one sample of the following research
questions:
 FACTOR-ISOLATING QUESTIONS (2 points)
 FACTOR- RELATING QUESTIONS ( 2 points)
 SITUATION- RELATING QUESTIONS (2 points)
 SITUATION – PRODUCING QUESTIONS ( 2 points)
( Observe Guidelines in Writing Research Questions- INDICATE
YOUR ASSUMPTION IN EACH QUESTION) ( 2 points for
each assumption)
 Develop 1 hypothesis based on your developed research questions
( 2 points)
SUBMISSION:
- This would be submitted next meeting
- This will be posted in the Assignment of the
TEAMS, thus, this will also be submitted via
the ASSIGNMENT
- All group members should TURN-IN their
output. Please indicate in the right up the
members of the group, so your grades will be
return to you individually
- For other concerns, please do message me.
 REFERENCES
LoBiondo-Wood Geri & Haber, Judith, Nursing Research- Methods and Critical Appraisal for
Evidence-Based Practice, 9th Edition, Mosby ( 2017)

Nieswiadomy, Rose Marie, Foundation of Nursing Research, 6th Edition, Pearson (2011)
(https://www.medicosrepublic.com/foundations-in-nursing-research-6th-edition-pdf-
free-download/)

(https://www.gums.ac.ir/Upload/Modules/FTPManager/Upload/Upload22194/Foundations%2
0of%20Nursing%20Research%20.Pdf)

McNally, Rand , Nursing Research - E-Book: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-
Based Practice (https://sites.google.com/site/hnhgyg6g/-pdf-full-nursing-research---e-book-
methods-and-critical-appraisal-for-evidence-based-practice-ebook)

Pam Moule, Helen Aveyard and Margaret Goodman, Nursing Research: An Introduction,
SAGE Publication (2016)
( https://study.sagepub.com/mouleaveyard3e)
Polit, Denise & Beck, Cheryl, Essentials of Nursing Research, Appraising
Evidence for Nursing Practice, 9th Edition, Wolters Kluwer Health (2018)

Polit, Denise & Beck, Cheryl, Nursing Research, 11th Edition, Wolters Kluwer Law
& Business, (2020)
 THANK
Proverbs 3:5-6 (KJV) YOU!
“Trust in the Lord with
all thine heart; and lean
not unto thine own
GOD
understanding. In all thy BLESS
ways acknowledge him, &
and he shall direct thy
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KEEP
SAFE!