From Digital Tools To Manufactured Components: Data Driven Infrastructure

2017
Data Driven Infrastructure

From digital tools to
manufactured components
Table of Contents 1 Introduction
7 Project vs. Portfolio
15 Data analysis + visualisation
23 Parametric components
35 Rapid engineering models
41 Collaborative working
45 Classification
61 Component creation + configuration
69 Prototyping
81 Supply chain mapping
87 Training
95 Data-driven delivery controls
Click or scan link to ‘Delivery Acknowledgements

Platforms for Government
Assets: Creating a marketplace This book was produced by Bryden Wood
for manufactured spaces’ Technology Limited with input from Highways
England, Crossrail, the Infrastructure + Projects
Authority and the Manufacturing Technology
Centre.
All images © Bryden Wood Technology Limited.
Version Date Changes

© B ryden Wood 1 18.07.17 Initial issue for comment
Technology Limited Parametric process flows added.
2 20.07.17
2017 ‘Configurator’ updated
4
Introduction
Introduction
In July 2017 Digital Built Britain issued a document entitled The document described the strategic adoption of DfMA in a
‘Delivery Platforms for Government Assets - Creating a coordinated and consistent way across the Government estate,
Marketplace for Manufactured Spaces’ (see link / QR code on by setting out:
contents page). This set out a strategy for implementing the
following vision: The benefits of DfMA;
The briefing and design process that would facilitate the
adoption of standardised solutions;
Government will use the scale of its construction portfolio to help The characteristics that a standardised set of components (or
transform the market for creating high performing assets which ‘Platforms’) would need to possess;
improve the service for users, citizens and society and build a The methodology for assembly of assets that would maximise
highly skilled and productive workforce. the benefits of an industrialised approach.
It will improve the performance of assets towards international However, the book was primarily focused on buildings rather
benchmarks, delivering enhanced quality, lower carbon and than infrastructure. Without duplicating the content above,
increased whole life value. this horizontal assets book highlights some current, relevant
initiatives that are being deployed for clients including Highways
It will develop advanced manufacturing capability, products and England and Crossrail, that could be replicated as a standardised
services in the UK that could be exported globally. approach across a range of horizontal infrastructure projects in
the highways, rail and water sectors.
2 3
Strategic aims
In order to reduce cost or programme, typical value engineering The overall aim would be to improve productivity across the
strategies are in fact exercises in reducing specification or design, delivery and maintenance of the government estate by:
compromising the design vision. Other cost reduction exercises
focus on the supply chain, where savings of a few per cent may A dopting best practice in design, procurement, manufacture,
be achieved by squeezing suppliers. assembly and operation;
The scale of Government procurement in buildings and Reducing rework and duplication of effort;
infrastructure warrants a more informed strategy by truly Minimising waste and risk
understanding value and seeking to:
Rigorously seeking to find the most efficient way of delivering a
D esign solutions that delivers the maximum functionality for project inevitably reduces the resources required (whether this is
the minimum whole life cost; measured in carbon, cost, time, waste or labour) while increasing
Develop standard, repeatable solutions that increase quality positive aspects (health and safety, certainty, quality, morale,
and certainty of delivery; reputation and competitiveness).
Engage the supply chain in a way that facilitates continual The approach therefore seeks to:
improvement rather than constant reinvention;
Protect supplier profit and overhead as these are positive nsure maximum integration of design disciplines;
E
aspects that support the wider economy and ensure that the Reduce duplication of effort;
project is seen as attractive to potential suppliers in a highly Drive down total costs;
competitive market; Engage with the supply chain in a planned and timely fashion
Focus the time and effort of designers on the bespoke drawing on expertise and innovation where it adds value;
elements of projects while optimising the use of digital tools Facilitate waste reduction through strategic and collaborative
and standardisation to automate the production of repetitious procurement using common components, material and
information which is often resource-intensive but adds little construction processes;
value; Blend highly standardised, mass customisable and bespoke
Streamline the delivery process to create a high volume of elements together to create solutions that are finely tuned to
quality information while deploying creative skill where it is suit context;
most valuable; this could reduce or redistribute design fees Optimise the use of traditional, modular, flat pack and
while still providing profitable and creatively challenging work; system build elements where they add the most value e.g. to
Focus on reducing that proportion of the construction cost maximise off-site labour where appropriate and improve the
and programme that has no residual value but is related to efficiency of in-situ construction;
risk, rework, and waste during the construction process. Facilitate deconstruction and flexibility through the creation of
standard components which can be readily adapted to future
changes in policy, regulations etc. (through interchanging
elements, re-configuring or extending facilities) and eventually
disassembled.
4 5
Project vs. Portfolio
Project vs. Portfolio thinking Traditional procurement
Client
© B ryden Wood Technology
As outlined above, the scale of government procurement Limited 2017
allows significant value to be created through the adoption of Project
programme wide approaches rather than considering a series of Manager
unrelated, single projects.
In a traditional, one off project, each asset is modelled, project
and information for design, tender and construction created knowledge
individually. The design team can only afford to describe the
proposed solution to a certain level of detail, which is then
developed by the contractor in conjunction with their supply Architect
M+E Structural Quantity
chain. Typically the degree of repetition at project level is low and engineer engineer surveyor
only warrants highly detailed analysis of a few key areas.

That the design development (project knowledge) often takes
place in isolation from the supply chain is a significant source of
missed opportunities to optimise the design and leverage best in
class construction knowledge. Increasing
In addition, most of the construction knowledge sits within the Main
construction
knowledge
supply chain (see diagram, right) which may be fragmented and contractor
have little opportunity to collaborate. This is a significant source
of rework and duplication of effort.
As a result, any benefits that are generated by innovation
generally remain within the supply chain and are not passed on
to the client for wider use. Any knowledge that is gained through specialist specialist specialist specialist
sub contractor sub contractor sub contractor sub contractor
the project cannot typically be captured, disseminated and
improved upon to the benefit of other projects.
supplier / supplier / supplier / supplier / supplier / supplier /

installer installer installer installer installer installer
cont’d
8 9
Project vs. Portfolio thinking cont’d Potential procurement route for an
integrated programme-wide solution
Integrated system
Client comprises total
construction
Considerable value can be therefore be generated through intellectual property
creation of a suite of standardised solutions and repeatable Integrated
system design
elements that are simply configured differently for different sites
and project requirements.
Developing components for a large scale deployment, where
knowledge is captured and retained for further collaborative
refinement would facilitate continual improvement (as is common
in the automotive and aerospace industries) as opposed to
constant reinvention (as is common in traditional construction). Platforms + BIM library +
supply chain design guide
design design design

supplier supplier supplier
team team team
assembler assembler Project Project Project
assembler assembler
© B ryden Wood Technology Limited 2017
10 11
The elements of the strategy
Parametric
Data analysis
components
The productivity gains available through the

adoption of platforms will be achieved (but will Rapid engineering
require appropriate levels of standardisation) Design Digital workflows
throughout the project life cycle. models
The remainder of the document sets out some of
the key aspects of:
Design
Procurement Collaborative
Manufacture
Assembly working
Procurement Classification
Digital
Component
delivery Configuration
creation
strategy
Manufacture Prototyping Products
Supply chain
Process
mapping
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery controls
12 13
Data analysis + visualisation
Data Parametric
analysis components
Digital Rapid engineering

Design workflows models
Collaborative
working
Digital
Component
delivery creation
Configuration
strategy
Supply chain
Process
mapping
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery controls
Data analysis + visualisation
Building Information Modelling (BIM) is, fundamentally,

a collaborative way of working that is powered by digital
technology.
By optimising the use of the existing governmental
department BIM libraries, enhanced with components specific
to the early platform developments, there will be a huge amount
of cross-programme data available through site-specific models
uploaded to the Common Data Environment (CDE).
Data visualisation allows a range of data sources to be
brought together to inform strategic planning and decision
making. These visualisation techniques work at a variety of
scales, so certain techniques allow whole project analysis,
while others allow the optimisation of individual components or
assembly processes.
By creating highly detailed data sets (dealing in, for instance,
numbers of individual components and activities rather than
square metres of floor area) the level of transparency and control
is dramatically increased.
Aggregating data from multiple sites into a single, project-
wide view provides clients with a level of insight that was
previously unattainable.
For instance, visualising interaction between various work-
faces so that knock effects of delays in one area can be better
understood, facilitates:
A more holistic view of project-wide progress;

Strategic prioritisation and optimisation of work faces /
packages;
Smoothing of cash flow or labour; Day light
Smoothing demand for individual components through just in
time delivery, reducing stress on the supply chain, enhancing Darkness: street lights present and lit
their productivity and therefore lowering price;
Optimisation of resources by understanding how operatives Darkness: street light present but unlit
and plant can be shared.
Darkness: no street lighting
Output from a data aggregation
Darkness: street lighting unknown and visualisation exercise for
cont’d Highways England
16 17
Data analysis + visualisation cont’d
Other example uses include:
C
olour filtering of models to create heat maps show the
intensity of trade overlap, cost per hour of installation etc.
Allowing multiple stakeholder views to be combined,
addressed and prioritised;
Allowing the interdependency between a range of factors that
impact productivity to be understood;
Providing a single point of entry to a wide range of digital
content; Output from data aggregation
and visualisation exercises for
Highways England
18 19
GIS enabled BIM
The nature of large infrastructure projects, particularly horizontal GIS – Web based BIM – Web based
infrastructure including rails and highways, necessitates the

use of both GIS (geographical information system) and BIM
technology and data, on a day to day basis.
GIS systems typically provide the capability to overlay nation ‘one click’
wide or network-wide geo-spatial 2D data, while BIM is more
typically used for project-specific 3D design and construction
models. 2D 3D
A pilot project for Highways England as demonstrated the
power in treating these as complimentary digital platforms, rather
ESRI PROJECT PROJECT
than as discrete systems. ‘Live’ Data
Highways England
3D Geometry Documentation
Organisation Data
As part of this project, a range of Data Layers were collected + National + Network-wide + Project-wide + Project-wide
and collated in both the GIS and BIM platforms. + Asset + Asset + Asset
This approach used existing data sources that are held by

Highways England (in some form or another), open source data
sets published though UK Government portals or data otherwise
accessible directly through the software platforms being used. 2D geo-spatial data layers 2D geo-spatial data layers 3D models Documents
The project provided users with a ‘3 clicks or less’ navigation

experience to travel from network-wide GIS data, down to the - National [non HE data]
Live Traffic
construction detail component level typically held within a BIM Noise
model. UK Ambient Air Quality
Urbanisation
This approach helps target effective interventions in their Geolocated Tweets (experimental)
programme of works by: - Network [ HE data]

HE Managed Roads
Road Safety Data
GIS
Providing a single point of entry to a wide range of digital Traffic Counts
Departures from Standards
content; Planned Roadworks
Allowing multiple stakeholder views to be combined, - Current [HE data]

addressed and prioritised; Boundary
Allowing the interdependency between a range of factors that Ecology

Assets [MISC]
impact network operations to be understood; - Project [HE data]
Demonstrating client benefit for network Operation,

Project Boundary
Project Models
Construction and Maintenance; Curvature Analysis
BIM
Live CCTV feed
Providing users with new perspectives on digital content Visualisation Video
within Highways England. Project Data
Project Documents
Coloured Filtered Models
Construction Progress Photos
20 21
Parametric components
Data analysis
Parametric
components
Design Digital Rapid engineering

workflows models
Collaborative
working
Digital
Component
delivery creation
Configuration
strategy
Supply chain
Process
mapping
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery controls
Component and assembly BIM
Component libraries libraries for Highways England
Smart Motorways Programme
In autumn 2015, the first initial version of the Highways England

BIM library was developed.
It is worth noting that the library contains plant and vehicles
commonly used in construction and maintenance. This allows
a number of scenarios to be tested as part of the collaborative
modelling workshop described later in this document e.g.
ensuring that safe access and operational efficiency can be
demonstrated throughout the life cycle of a proposed asset.
The components are arranged in aisles comprising:
Vehicles;
Small signage;
Vehicle restraint systems (VRS);
Technology (communications);
Electrical (including lighting);
Large signage;
Road markings; Gantry site
Road sections; Portal - man

access
Gantries;
ERA Gantry site
The components have then been grouped into assemblies to (Emergency Cantilever -
Refuge Area) man access
optimise the design process and ensure that all elements of a
proposed asset are considered.
Assemblies include:
MS4 site
Refuge Areas / Emergency Refuge Areas (ERAs);

Gantries and associated signage; MIDAS radar
Central reservation; Remote
CCTV
Remote CCTV Site; site
MS4 Site; MIDAS loops
MIDAS - Loops;
MIDAS - Radar;
Transmission Station;
ROTTM
ROTTM; Weather
station
Weather Station;
Transmission
station
24 25
Parametric assemblies
Instance Parameters:
The assembly models have been developed with a number of key

Component A Height
for changing the height of Component A. The Height
is changed by enter a new height in mm.
Plint Height
features that increase their functionality and dramatically improve

for changing the height of the Plint. The Plint Height
is changed by enter a new height in mm.
Plint Above Surface Height
for rising the plint above ground level. The Plint
productivity during the design process:

Above Surface Height is changed by enter a new
height in mm.
Positioning Sign
for positioning the sign. The the positioning is from
These include:
the end of Component B, enter a distance and the
sign move that distance from the end.
Inclusion of information from all parts of the assembly life Component B Type
cycle e.g. exclusion areas, personnel and equipment for

for changing the type for Component B. The type
number can be changed by entering manually or
clicking of the up/down toggles on the end of the
property cell.
maintenance activities are included within the model to ensure

that these are allowed for in the design phase;
The geometry is highly parametric so as the assemblies are
dropped into a base model they will automatically adapt to
the curvature of the road, local topography etc.
The parametric geometry extends to individual structural
elements allowing assemblies to be considered as families
of components that include minor adaptations to localised
context.
Parametric components, created in this way facilitate the

adoption of mass customisation, whereby the benefits of a
standard library of BIM objects can be allied with the benefits of
context-specific bespoke design.
Example parametric assembly

- gantries for Highways England
Smart Motorways Programme
26 27
000 Reagent make-up 410 Ru Dist pH5 1000 1000 500 1000 500 500 500 500 1 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 BT-2 NaClO3 holding tank Marker Num
000 Reagent make-up 410 Ru Dist pH5 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 FLOOR Length0.25
0.25 FLOOR Front x0.25
GROUND
BT-2 FLOOR FLOOR Right x FLOOR Back x Na2CO3 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 1000 1000 500 Level
1000 Length
500 Width
500 Height
500 Front500 Left Right
1 Back 1 Above x Width
0.5 Length
0.5 Left
0.5 xBT-2
Width Width Length NaBrO3 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 0 AGI-1
000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 1000 1000 500 1000 500 500 500 500 1 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 BT-2 Na2CO3 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 210 MIBK 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP16-1 Scrub acid transfer pump
000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP16-1 Fresh FeCl2 transfer pump
000 Reagent make-up 210 MIBK 1800 1800 1500 1000 500 500 500 500 3.24 1.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 BT-2 Scrub acid holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK 000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK
600 600 600 800 300 1200
300 1200
300
2300
500
1000 500
0.36 500 0.48 500 0.18
500 1.44
0.18 1.2
0.18 TP16-1 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2
FeCl2 transfer pump FeCl2 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK 000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK 600 600 600 800 300 1200 300 1200 300
2300 500
1000 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 0.18
500 1.440.18 1.20.18 TP16-1 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2 1M HCl transfer pump 1M HCl make-up/holding
000 Reagent make-up 210 MIBK 000 Reagent make-up 410 Ru Dist pH5 1800 1800 1500 1000 500 1200 500 1200 500
2300 500
1000 500 3.24 500 1.8 500 5000.9 1.44 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2 Scrub acid make-up tank NaBrO3 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK 000 Reagent make-up 410 Ru Dist pH5 1400 1400 1400 1000 500 1000 500 1000 500500 500
1000 500 1.96 500 1.4 500 5000.7 1 0.7 1 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 BT-2 FeCl2 make up tank NaClO3 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 1800 1300 1800 1000 500 500 500 500500 500 2.34 500 1.8 500 0.65 0.250.65 0.5 0.9 BT-2 0.25 NaOH holding tank
Parametric process flows

000 Reagent make-up 410 Ru Dist pH5 500 1000 500 500 0.25 0.25 BT-2 Na2CO3 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 1800 1300 1800 1000 500 1000 500 1000 500500 500
1000 500 2.34 500 1.8 500 0.65
500 10.65 1 0.9 BT-2 0.5 0.5 0.5 BT-2 Acetic acid holding tank NaBrO3 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 2000 2000 1500 600 600 1000 600 1000 600500 800
1000 500 4 500 1.2 500 5001.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 BT-2 0.5 0.5 0.5 BT-2 NaOCl holding tank Na2CO3 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 000 Reagent make-up 210 MIBK 1800 1800 1500 1000 500 600 500 600 500600 500
800 300 3.24 300 1.8 300 5000.9 0.36 0.9 0.48 0.9 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP16-1 NaOCl make-up tank Scrub acid transfer pump
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK 0 600 600 600 800 300 0 300 0 300 500 0 0.36 0 0.48 0 AGI-1 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP16-1 Fresh FeCl2 transfer pum
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK 0 600 600 1000 800 500 600 500 600 500600 800
500 300 0.36 300 0.48 300 5000.3 0.36 0.3 0.48 0.3 COC-1 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP16-1 FeCl2 transfer pump
P ocess flow u es and

000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 600 500 600 500600 800
500 300 1.44 300 1.2 300 5000.6 0.36 0.6 0.48 0.6 BT-2 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP16-1 NaClO3 holding tank 1M HCl transfer pump
000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 000 Reagent make-up 210 MIBK 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 1800 500 1800 1500
500 1000
500 500 1.44 500 1.2 500 5000.6 3.24 0.6 1.8 0.6 BT-2 0.9 0.9 0.9 6M HCl holding tank Scrub acid make-up tank
000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 1400 500 1400 1400
500 1000
500 500 1.44 500 1.2 500 5000.6 1.96 0.6 1.4 0.6 BT-2 0.7 0.7 0.7 NaOH holding tank FeCl2 make up tank
000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 1800 1300 1800 1000 500
000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 1400 1400 1400 1000 500 500 500 500 1.96 500 1.4 500 500
0.7 2.34
0.7 1.8
0.7 BT-2 0.65 0.65 0.9 BT-2
NH4OH 10M holding tank NaOH holding tank
n e dependenc es cap u ed
000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 1800 1300 1800 1000 500 500 500 500 2.34 1.8 0.65 0.65 0.9 BT-2 Acetic acid holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2 NH4OH 18M holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 2000 2000 1500 600 600 600 600 800 4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 BT-2 NaOCl holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 1800 1300 1800 1000 500 500 500 500 2.34 1.8 0.65 0.65 0.9 BT-2 N2H2 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 500 Pt SS 1800 1800 1500 1000 500 500 500 500 3.24 1.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 NaOCl make-up tank
000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 000 Reagent make-up
1200 1200 1200 0
1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0
0.6 0
0.6 0 0 0 AGI-1
NH4OH make-up tank
000 Reagent make-up 0 0 500 0 500 500 0 0.36 0 0.48 0 AGI-1 0.3
us ng v sua sc p ng
000 Reagent make-up 0 600 600 1000 800 500 0.3 0.3 COC-1
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 0 600 600 1000 800 500 1200 500 1200 500
1200 500
1000 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 5000.3 1.44 0.3 1.2 0.3 COC-1 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2 NaClO3 holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 1200 500 1200 500
1200 500
1000 500 1.44 500 1.2 500 5000.6 1.44 0.6 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2 6M HCl make-up tank 6M HCl holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 0 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 0 500 0 500 500 0 1.44 0 1.2 0 AGI-1 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2 NaOH holding tank
1400 500
1000 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 5000.3 1.96 0.3 1.4 0.3 COC-1 0.7 0.7 0.7 BT-2 NH4OH 10M holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 1400 1400 1400 1000 500 1200 500 1200 500
1200 500
1000 500 1.96 500 1.4 500 5000.7 1.44 0.7 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2 N2H2 make-up tank NH4OH 18M holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 0 1800 1300 1800 1000 500 0 500 0 500 500 0 2.34 0 1.8 0 AGI-1 0.65 0.65 0.9 BT-2 N2H2 holding tank
500 1000
500 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 5000.3 1.44 0.3 1.2 0.3 COC-1 0.6 0.6 0.6 NH4OH make-up tank
000 Reagent make-up 530 Ir SS 000 Reagent make-up 1400 1400 1400 0 1000 500 500 500 500 1.96 1.4 0.7 0 0.7 0 0.7 BT-2 0 0 0 AGI-1 Na2S make-up/holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 0 0 600 600 1000 800 500 0 500 0 500 500 0 0.36 0 0.48 0 AGI-1 0.3 0.3 0.3 COC-1
500 1000
500 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 5000.3 1.44 0.3 1.2 0.3 COC-1 0.6 0.6 0.6 6M HCl make-up tank
000 Reagent make-up 530 Ir SS 000 Reagent make-up 1400 1400 1400 0 1000 500 500 500 500 1.96 1.4 0.7 0 0.7 0 0.7 BT-2 0 0 0 AGI-1 Dilute NH4Cl make-up/holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 0 600 600 1000 800 500
000 Reagent make-up 0 0 500 0 500 500
0 0.36
0 0.48
0 AGI-1 0.3 0.3 0.3 COC-1
000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 1400 1400 1400 1000 500 500 500 500 1.96 1.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 N2H2 make-up tank
000 Reagent make-up 0 600 600 1000 800 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.48 0.3 0.3 0.3 COC-1
000 Reagent make-up 0 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1
000 Reagent make-up 540 Rh SS 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2 DETA.3HCl holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 540 Rh SS 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 DETA.3HCl make-up tank
000 Reagent make-up 530 Ir SS 1400 1400 1400 1000 500 500 500 500 1.96 1.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 BT-2 Na2S make-up/holding ta
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1 0 0 0 AGI-1
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 0 600 600 1000 0 800 500 600 500 600 500
1000 500
800 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 5000.3 0.36 0.3 0.48 0.3 COC-1 0.3 0.3 0.3 COC-1
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up000 Reagent make-up 530 Ir SS 900 900 900 1000 500 1400 500 1400 500
1400 500
1000 500 0.81 500 0.9 500 0.45
500 1.960.45 1.40.45 0.7 0.7 0.7 BT-2 Chlorate make-up Dilute NH4Cl make-up/ho
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1 0 0 0 AGI-1
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 0 600 600 1000 0 800 500 600 500 600 500
1000 500
800 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 5000.3 0.36 0.3 0.48 0.3 COC-1 0.3 0.3 0.3 COC-1
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up000 Reagent make-up 540 Rh SS 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 1200 500 1200 500
1200 500
1000 500 1.44 500 1.2 500 5000.6 1.44 0.6 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2 Bromate make-up DETA.3HCl holding tank
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 540 Rh SS 0 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 0 500 0 500 500 0 1.44 0 1.2 0 AGI-1 0.6 0.6 0.6 DETA.3HCl make-up tank
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 0 600 600 1000 0 800 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.48 0.3 0 0.3 0 0.3 COC-1 0 0 0 AGI-1
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up000 Reagent make-up 900 900 900 0 1000 500 600 500 600 1000
500 800
500 500 0.81 500 0.9 500 500
0.45 0.360.45 0.48 0.45 0.3 0.3 0.3 COC-1 Carbonate make-up
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 0 900 900 900 1000 500 0 500 0 500 500 0 0.81 0 0.9 0 AGI-1 0.45 0.45 0.45 Chlorate make-up
000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 0 600 600 1000 0 800 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.48 0.3 0 0.3 0 0.3 COC-1 0 0 0 AGI-1
100 Leach Acid Leach 000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 0 1200 1200 1000 1000 500 1200 500 1200 500
1200 500
1000 500 1.44 500 1.2 500 5000.6 1.44 0.6 1.2 0.6 VRV-2 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 Reactor - lined Bromate make-up
100 Leach Acid Leach 000 Reagent make-up 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 0 0 0 AGI-1 2 Sampler
100 Leach Acid Leach 000 Reagent make-up 0 0 600 600 1000 800 500 0 500 0 500 500 0 0.36 0 0.48 0 AGI-1 0.3 0.3 0.3 COC-1 3 Agitator
100 Leach Acid Leach 000 Reagent make-up 000 Reagent make-up 0 600 600 600 800 300 900 300 900 300900 500
1000 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 0.18
500 0.810.18 0.90.18 TP-11 0.45 0.45 0.45 4 Peristaltic Pump - H2O2 Carbonate make-up
100 Leach Acid Leach 000 Reagent make-up 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 VCO-1 0 0 0 AGI-1 5 Vibro feeder - ATEX
100 Leach Acid Leach 000 Reagent make-up 0 600 600 600 0 800 300 600 300 600 1000
300 800
500 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 500
0.18 0.360.18 0.48 0.18 TP-9 0.3 0.3 0.3 COC-1 6 Discharge pump - ATEX
100 Leach Acid Leach 100 Leach Acid Leach 0 2000 500 2000 1000 0 500 1200 500 1200 500
1000 500
1000 500 1 500 2 500 0.25
500 1.44 0.25 1.2 1 ICP-1 0.6 0.6 0.6 VRV-2 7 Process control 1 Reactor - lined
100 Leach Leach filter & Wash 100 Leach Acid Leach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FPR-1 0 0 0 SAM-1 8 Filter press 2 Sampler
P ocess flow n a y
100 Leach Leach filter & Wash 100 Leach Acid Leach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CH-1 0 0 0 AGI-1 9 Cake hopper 3 Agitator
For many c ents the cost of equ pment and personne

100 Leach Leach filter & Wash 100 Leach Acid Leach 0 600 600 600 800 300 0 300 0 300 500 0 0.36 0 0.48 0 SF-1 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-11 10 Flexible screw conveyor 4 Peristaltic Pump - H2O2
100 Leach Leach footing 100 Leach Acid Leach 1200 1200 2000 10000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0 0.6 0 0.6 0 0 0 VCO-1 11 Stirred tank - ATEX 5 Vibro feeder - ATEX
100 Leach Leach footing 100 Leach Acid Leach 0 600 600 600 800 300 0 300 0 300 500 0 0.36 0 0.48 0 SAM-1 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9 12 Sampler 6 Discharge pump - ATEX
cap u ed n sp eadshee
100 Leach Leach footing 100 Leach Acid Leach 0 2000 500 2000 1000 500 0 500 0 500 500 0 1 0 2 0 AGI-1 0.25 0.25 1 ICP-1 13 Agitator 7 Process control
100 Leach Leach footing 100 Leach Leach filter & Wash 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 00.18 00.18 TP-11 0 0 0 FPR-1 14 Reagent pump 8 Filter press
operat ona and ma ntenance costs and the bus ness or soc a
100 Leach Leach footing 100 Leach Leach filter & Wash 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GBF-1 0 0 0 CH-1 15 Filter 9 Cake hopper
100 Leach Leach footing 100 Leach Leach filter & Wash 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FC-1 0 0 0 SF-1 16 Filter Containment 10 Flexible screw conveyor
o ma
100 Leach Leach footing 100 Leach Leach footing 600 600 600 800 300 1200 300 1200 2000
300 1000
500 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 500
0.18 1.440.18 1.20.18 TP-9 0.6 0.6 0.6 17 Discharge pump - ATEX 11 Stirred tank - ATEX
100 Leach Leach footing 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 12 Sampler
130 Dissolve Dissolve 1200 1200 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 VRV-1 1 Reactor - jacketed, 3 barg, ATEX Client:
100 Leach Leach footing 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1 13 Agitator
130 Dissolve Dissolve 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 2 Sampler
100 Leach Leach footing 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-11 14 Reagent pump
outcome re ated to a part cu ar process are many t mes greater

130 Dissolve Dissolve 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9 3 Discharge pump - ATEX, PTFE double diaphram pump (Ref 3)
100 Leach Leach footing 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 GBF-1 15 Filter
130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash100 Leach Leach footing 0 0 0 1000 500
0 500 0 500 500
0 0
0 0
0 FPR-1 0 0 0 FC-1
4 Filter press - with containment 16 Filter Containment
130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash100 Leach Leach footing 600 600 600 800 300 0 300 0 300 500 0 0.36 0 0.48 0 CH-1 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9 5 Cake hopper 17 Discharge pump - ATEX
130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash130 Dissolve Dissolve 0 0 0 1000 500 1200 500 1200 500
2000 500
1000 500 0 500 0 500 500 0 1.44 0 1.2 0 FC-1 0.6 0.6 0.6 VRV-1 6 Filter containment 1 Reactor - jacketed, 3 barg
130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash130 Dissolve Dissolve 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FC-1 0 0 0 SAM-1 7 PRE cake handling station 2 Sampler
than the cap ta cost of the fac ty wh ch houses the process As

130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash130 Dissolve Dissolve 1500 1500 1200 1000 500 600 500 600 500600 500
800 300 2.25 300 1.5 300 0.75
500 0.360.75 0.48 0.75 DWS-10.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9 8 IBC filling station for PGM liquor 3 Discharge pump - ATEX,
130 Dissolve Os Scrub 130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash 800Plant dims mm)
800 500 1000 Maintenance
500 500 Space (mm) 500 500 0.64 0.8 0.4 0 0.4 0 0.4 SCR-1 0 0 0 FPR-1 9 Os strip gas local scrubber 4 Filter press - with contain
Block
130 Dissolve Sub-block/process
Os Scrub 130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Equipment
COP-1 0 Reference Number
0 0 CH-1 10 Equipment
Column packing 5 Cake hopper
130 Dissolve Os Scrub 130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash 600 600 600 800 300 0 300 0 300 0 500 GROUND
1000 500 0.36 500 GROUND 0.48 500 0.18 GROUND 00.18 GROUND00.18 TP-11
500 0 0 0 FC-1 11 IMS pump to stabilise scrubbed 6 Os Filter containment
Marker Num
130 Dissolve Os Scrub 130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash 800 800 1000 1000 500 0 500 0 500 0 500 FLOOR
1000 500Length
0.64 500 0.8x 500
FLOOR Front 5000.4 FLOOR Right
GROUND FLOOR 0 0.4x FLOOR Back
0 0.4x 0 0 0 FC-1 12 Local scrubber scrub liquor tank 7 PRE cake handling station
HAZARD
a resu t t me spent n des gn ng and opt m s ng the process can

130 Dissolve Os Scrub 130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash Level 1500 300 Back
Length 600 Width 600 Height 600 Front 800 Left 300 Right 1500 1200Above 1000
300 500 0.36 500
500 x Width Length 0.48 500 500
Left x Width0.18 Width 2.250.18 Length 1.50.18 RP-13 0.75 0.75 0.75 DWS-1 13 Scrub liquor recirculation pump 8 IDENTIFICA
IBC filling station for PGM
130 Dissolve Os Scrub (if none sta
000
200 Reagent
Au Feed make-up
Prep Feed blending 0 600 600 600 800 300 800 300 800 300500 1000
500 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 500
0.18 0.640.18 0.80.18 AGI-1
TP-9 0.4 0.4 0.4 SCR-1 1 Feed IBC transfer pump 9 Os strip gas local scrubbe
130 Dissolve Os Scrub 00.65 00.65 AGI-1 Client: relevant')
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep Feed blending 0 1300 1300 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.69 1.3 0.65 FBT-1-1 0 0 0 COP-1 2 Feed blend tank 10 Column packing
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep Feed blending 130 Dissolve Os Scrub 0 600 600 600 800 300 0 300 0 300 500 0 0.36 0 0.48 0 SAM-1
AGI-1 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-11 3 Sampler for feed blend tank 11 IMS pump to stabilise scr
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 210 MIBK
Feed blending 130 Dissolve Os Scrub 1800 1800 1500 1000 500 800 500 800 1000
500 1000
500 500 3.240 500 1.80 500 5000.90 0.64 0.90 0.8 0.90 SAM-1
BT-2 0.4 0.4 0.4 4 Scrub acid
Sampler forholding tank tank
feed blend 12 Local scrubber scrub liqu
130 Dissolve Os Scrub 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 RP-13 13 Scrub liquor recirculation
y e d enormous benefits over the fe cyc e of an asset

000 Reagent make-up 210 AuMIBK 1200 1200 2300 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-2 FeCl2 holding tank
200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9 1 Feed IBC transfer pump
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 210 AuMIBK
Feed blending 1200 1200 2300 1000 500 500 500 500 1.440 1.20 0.60 0.60 0.60 AGI-1,
BT-2 AGI-1 5 1M HCl make-up/holding tank
Agitator
200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 1300 1300 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.69 1.3 0.65 0.65 0.65 FBT-1-1 2 Feed blend tank
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 410 Ru
Feed Dist pH5
blending 1200
2000 1200
500 2300
2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.441 1.22 0.6
0.25 0.6
0.25 0.61 ICP-1
BT-2 6 NaBrO3 control
Process holding tank
200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 3 Sampler for feed blend ta
000 Reagent make-up 410 Ru Dist pH5 200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 1000 1000 500 1000 500 500 500 500 1 1 0.5 0 0.5 0 0.5 BT-2 0 0 0 SAM-1 NaClO3 holding tank 4 Sampler for feed blend ta
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 410 Ru
Feed Dist pH5
blending 500
600 500
600 500
600 1000
800 500
300 500
300 500
300 500 0.25
0.36 0.5
0.48 0.25
0.18 0.25
0.18 0.25 TP-1-1,
0.18 BT-2 TP-1-2 7 Na2CO3 holding
Transfer pump tank
The use of v sua scr pt ng too s a ows h gh y parametr c

000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 500 Pt SS
Concentration adjust 200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 10000 10000 5000 1000 500 500 500 500 01 01 0.50 0 0.50 0 0.50 GBF-1
BT-2 0 0 0 AGI-1, AGI-1 8 NaBrO3 holding
Glovebox filter tank 5 Agitator
Pa ame c ou pu s wh ch
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 500 Pt SS
Concentration adjust 200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 10000 10000 5000 1000 500 2000 500 500 500
2000 500
1000 500 01 500 01 500 5000.50 1 0.50 2 0.50 FC-1
BT-2 0.25 0.25 1 ICP-1 9 Na2CO3
Filter holding tank
containment 6 Process control
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 210 MIBK
Concentration adjust 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.360 0.480 0.180 0.180 0.180 VAC-10
TP16-1 10 Scrub acid
Vacuum transfer pump
receiver NOTE:
Hazards lis
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 210 AuMIBK adjust 200 Au Feed Prep
Concentration Feed blending 1 600
1500 600
1500 600
2000 800
1000 300 600 500
500 300 600 300600
500 500
800 300 0.360 300 0.480 300 0.180
500 0.360.180 0.48 0.180 VRV-1
TP16-10.18 0.18 0.18 TP-1-1, TP-1-2 11 Fresh FeCl2
Volume transfer
reduction & pump
adjustment
7 vesselTransfer pumpsignificant
HAZAR
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Concentration Concentration adjust 1 600 600 600 800 300 0 300 0 300 0 500
1000 500 0.360 500 0.480 500 0.180
500 00.180 00.180 SAM-1
TP16-1 0 0 0 GBF-1 12 FeCl2 transfer
Sampler pumpreduction
for volume 8 Glovebox filter
au oma ca y flex n esponse

mode s to be created for comp ex processes th s s current y
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Concentration Concentration adjust 1 600
1200 600
1200 600
1000 800
1000 300
500 0 500
300 0 300 0
500 1000
500 500 0.360 500 0.480 500 500
0.180 00.180 00.180 CON-6-1
TP16-1 0 0 0 FC-1 13 1M HCl transfer pump
Condenser 9 Filter containment
a) not likel
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 210 MIBK
Concentration adjust 200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1 1800
500 1800
500 1500
500 1000 500 500 500 500 3.240 1.80 0.90 0 0.90 0 0.90 LHX-13-1 0 0 0 VAC-10 14 cooler tank 10
Scrub acid make-up
Condensate HAZARD
Vacuum receiver
or other d
Lb
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Concentration Concentration adjust 1 1400
1600 1400
1600 1400
1600 10001 500 1500 500 1500 2000
500 1000
500 500 1.960 500 1.40 500 5000.70 0 0.70 0 0.70 PT-17-1 0 0 0 VRV-1 15 FeCl2condensate
Acid make up tank 11
collection vessel Volume b) unusua
reduction
IDENTIFICATION & adju
c) likely to
adjust 200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 8001 00.650 0 0.90 TP-9-30 0 0 0 SAM-1 tank pump12 Sampler for volume redu
o new npu s
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 500 Pt SS
Concentration 1 1800
600 1300
600 1800
600 1000 500
300 500
300 500
300 500 2.340 1.80 0.650 BT-2 16 NaOH holding
Condensate discharge
n+1tank 13 (if none state 'no
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 500 Pt SS
Concentration adjust 200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1800
500 1300
500 1800
500 10001 500 1200 500 1200 1000
500 1000
500 500 0.25
2.34 500 1.8 500
0.5 500
0.65
0.25 00.25
0.65 00.25
0.9 FP-1-1
BT-2 0 0 0 CON-6-1 17 Acetic acid
Product holdingpump
discharge Condenser
relevant')
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 LHX-13-1 14 Condensate cooler
used n process flow fac t es for pharmaceut ca s etc but cou d

000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 500 Pt SS
Concentration adjust 2000 2000
500 1500
2000 600
1000 600
500 600
500 600
500 800
500 14 1.22 1.2
0.25 1.2
0.25 1.21 TIT-1-6
BT-2 18 NaOCl holding
Process controltank
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1 1600 1600 1600 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 PT-17-1 15 Acid condensate collectio
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 500 Pt SS
Concentration adjust 1800
700 1800
700 1500
1800 1000 500 500 500 500
1000 3.24
0.49 1.8
0.7 0.9
0.35 0.9
0.35 0.9 CFC-1
0.35 19 NaOCl- make-up
Filter cartridge tank
Name
000 Au
200
in
Reagent
Spreadsheet
make-up
Feed Prep
Name
Concentration adjust
in
200 BIM
Au FeedEnvironmet
Prep Concentration adjust
0 0 0 0 1000
1
500
600
500
600
500
600 800
500
300
0
300
0
300 500
0
0
0
0
AGI-1
0 FC-1
0 0 0 TP-9-30
20 Filter containment
16 Condensate discharge pu
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 FP-1-1 17 Product discharge pump
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep Concentration adjust 0 600 600 1000 800 500 500 500 500 0.360 0.480 0.30 0.30 0.30 SAM-1
COC-1 21 Sampler for MIBK SX feed tank
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 2000 500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1 2 0.25 0.25 1 TIT-1-6 18 Process control
000 Au
200 Reagent make-up
Feed Prep 510 Pd SS
Concentration adjust 200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1200 1200 1200
2300 1000 500 700 500 700 500
1800 500
1000 500 1.44 500 1.2 500 10000.6 0.49 0.6 BT-2 0.35
0.7 0.6 BT-6-1 0.35 0.35 CFC-1 22 NaClO3
MIBK SXholding
feed Tank tank/ hold tank
19 Filter - cartridge
read y be app ed to e g water treatment processes

000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 0 500 0 500 0 500
1000 500 1.44 500 1.2 500 5000.6 0 0.6 0 0.6 BT-2 0 0 0 FC-1 6M HCl holding tank 20 Filter containment
Plant dims
000 Reagent Length
make-up 510 Pd SS = Pl 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0 0.6 0 0.6 BT-2 NaOH holding tank
n+1
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 0 0 0 SAM-1 21 Sampler for MIBK SX feed
Plant
000 Reverts
204 dims
Reagent Width
make-up = Pw atmospheric
510 Pd SSreduction,
Chemical 200 Au Feed dissolve
Prep and pressure dissolve of grain: Ptadjust
Concentration & Pd misc dissolver 1 1400
1200 1400
1200 1400
2000 1000 500 1200 500 1200 500
2300 500
1000 500 1.960 500 1.40 500 5000.70 1.44 0.70 1.2 0.70 JSR-1-1,
BT-2 0.6 JSR-2-1, JSR-3-1
0.6 0.6 BT-6-1 1 NH4OH 10M
Jacketed holding
stirred tank tank
reactor22 MIBK SX feed Tank / hold
Process Length
000 Reverts
204
PlantReagent make-up
dims Hight = Ph = Pr l
510 Pd SSreduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
Chemical 1 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 1.440 1.20 0.60 0.60 0.60 SAM-1
BT-2 2 NH4OH 18M
Reactor sampler holding tank
000 Reverts
204
Process Width
Reagent make-up 510 Pd SSreduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
Chemical
= Pr w
1 1800
2000 1300
1200 1800
2300 1000 500 500 500 500 2.340 1.80 0.650 0.650 0.90 BTS-1-1
Ma
BT-2 3
Mfn
N2H2 holding
Solids loader tank
n the first nstance ex st ng process flow d agrams (PFD s)

000 Reagent make-up 510 Pd SS 204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc1200dissolver 1200 1200 10001 500 1200 500 1200 500
2000 500
1000 500 1.44 500 1.2 500 5000.6 0 0.6 0 0.6 0 0 0 JSR-1-1, JSR-2-1, JSR-3-1 NH4OH make-up tank 1 Jacketed stirred tank reac
000 Reagent make-up 204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of 0 grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1 0 0 0 SAM-1 2 Reactor sampler
000 Reverts
204 Reagent make-up 204 Reverts dissolve and pressure dissolve
Chemical reduction, atmospheric Chemical reduction,
of grain: Pt & Pdatmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of
misc dissolver 0 grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
6000 6000 10000 8001
1000 500 2000 500 1200 2300
500 1000
500 500 0.360 500 0.480 500 5000.30 0 0.30 0 0.30 GBF-3-1, 0
COC-1 GBF-3-2, 0
GBF-3-3 0 BTS-1-1 4 Glovebox filter 3 Solids loader
Maintentance
000 Reverts
204 Reagent make-up
Space Front Chemical = Mf
510 Pd SSreduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 12000 12000 12000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.440 1.20 0.60 0.60 0.60 FC-1 5 6M HCl
Filter make-up tank
containment
NOTE:
Process Area = Pr l * Pr w
Maintentance
000 Reagent make-upSpace Left = Ml = Pr l * Pr w 0 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1
Hazards listed ab
Maintentance
000 Reagent make-upSpace Right = Mr 204 204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of 0 grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
600 600 1000 800 500 0 500 0 500 0 1000
500 500 0.36 500 0.48 500 5000.3 Pl 0 0.3 0 0.3 COC-1 0 0 0 GBF-3-1, GBF-3-2, GBF-3-3 4 significant
Glovebox filter risks a
or p p ng and nstrumentat on d agrams (P& D s) are rep cated

204
000 Reverts
Reagent make-up
Maintentance Chemical Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric
510 Pd SSreduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
Space Back Chemical = Mb
dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
1000
1400 1000
1400 1200
1400 1000 500 0 500 0 500 0 1000
500 Pw500 1.961 500 1.41 500 5000.5
0.7 0 0.5
0.7 0 0.5 0
0.7 VAC-5-1, VAC-5-2, VAC-5-3 0 0 FC-1 6 Vacuum receiver
N2H2 make-up tank 5 Filter containment
a) not likely to b
204
000 Reverts
Reagent make-up reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 0 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1
AGI-1 7 Vacuum receiver sampler
Maintentance
204
000 Reverts
Reagent make-up = Ma atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
Space AboveChemical reduction, 0 1200
600 1200
600 1000 1000
800 500 500 500 500 1.44
0.36 1.2
0.48 0.6
0.3 0.6
0.3 0.6
0.3 CON-2
COC-1 8 Condenser or other designe
204
000 Reverts
Reagent make-up
Space Between Items
204
000 Reverts
Reagent make-up
Chemical
= Lb
204 Reverts
204 Reverts
Chemical reduction, atmospheric
Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
530 Ir SS reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 1400
dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pdatmospheric
misc dissolver 400
0 grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
1400
400
1400
400
1000
300
500
1000
500
1000
300 1200 300 1200

1200
500
300
1000
500
500
500
1.960
500
1.40
500 500
0.70
1
0
0.70
1
0
0.70 LHX-5-1
BT-2
0.5
0
0.5
0
0.5
0
VAC-5-1, VAC-5-2, VAC-5-3
SAM-1
9 Condensaten cooler
Na2S make-up/holding tank
6
7
Vacuum receiver or
b) unusual;
Vacuum receiver sampler
c) likely to be diffi
500 0.160 500 0.120 500 0.120 1.440.120 1.20.120 BT-2
AGI-1 0.6 10 Liquid feeds holding tank 8
us ng v sua scr pt ng wh ch a ow ru es and nterdependenc es to

204
000 Reverts
Reagent make-up
n 204 Reverts dissolve and pressure dissolve
Chemical reduction, atmospheric
Chemical
of
reduction,
grain: Pt & Pd misc
dissolve and pressure dissolve of
dissolver 0 400
600 400
600 400
1000 300
800 300
500 300
500
1000
300
500
1000
500 0.16
0.36 0.12
0.48
500
0.12
0.3 0.12
0.3 0.12
0.3 COC-1
0.6 0.6 CON-2
11 Liquid feeds holding tank agitator
Condenser
Mb
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 0 0 0 0 0 LHX-5-1 9 Condensate cooler
Block
204
000 Reverts
Reagent make-up Chemical = Name
530 Ir SS reduction, atmospheric
204 Reverts dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain:
Chemical Pt & Pdatmospheric
reduction, misc dissolver 600
dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc1400
dissolver 600
1400 600
1400 800
1000 300
500 400 300
500 400 300
500400 500
300 300 0.36
1.96 300 0.48
1.4 300 0.18
5000.7 0.160.18
0.7 0.12 0.18
0.7 TP-7-1
BT-2 0.12 0.12 0.12 BT-2 12 Pump
Dilute from
NH4Clhold tank to dissolve
make-up/holding reactor
10 tank Liquid feeds holding tank
204
000 Reverts
Reagent make-up Chemical reduction, atmospheric
204 Reverts dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain:
Chemical Pt & Pdatmospheric
reduction, misc dissolver 0 grain:1 Pt & Pd misc dissolver
dissolve and pressure dissolve of 400 400 400 300 300 0 300 0 300 500 0 0.16 0 0.12 0 SAM-1
AGI-1 0.12 0.12 0.12 13 n+1 Hold tank sampler 11 Liquid feeds holding tank
Equipment Reference Number
000 Reagent make-up
= BWT_Z_Assembly
204 Reverts
Name Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of 0 grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
600 600 1000 800 500 600 500 600 500600 500
800 300 0.36 300 0.48 300 5000.3 0.36 0.3 0.48 0.3 COC-1 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-7-1 12 Pump from hold tank to d
204
000 Reverts
Reagent make-up Chemical
540 Rh SSreduction, atmospheric
204 Reverts dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pdatmospheric
misc dissolver 600
dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc1200 600
1200 600
1200 8001
1000 300
500 300
500
Ph 300
500 500 0.36
1.44 0.48
1.2 0.18
0.6 00.18
0.6 00.18
0.6 TP-5-1,
BT-2 TP-5-2, TP-5-3 0 14 Pump fromholding
DETA.3HCl reactor tank
to filter and
13 from vacuum
Hold tankreceiver
sampleronward
be captured
Chemical reduction, dissolver 0 0 SAM-1
204
000 Reverts
Reagent make-up Chemical
540 Rh SSreduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 600
1200 600
1200 600
1200 800
1000 300
500 300
500 300
500 500 0.36
1.44 0.48
1.2 0.18
0.6 0.18
0.6 0.18
0.6 TP-8-1 15 Hydrazine
DETA.3HClpump fromtank
make-up IBC/carboy to reactor
210
000 Au Rec make-up
Reagent Au Precipitation 204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of 0 grain: Pt & Pd misc1800
dissolver 1800 1500 1000 500 600 500 600 500600 800
500 300 3.240 300 1.80 300 5000.90 0.36 0.90 0.48 0.90 MHT-2-1
AGI-1 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-5-1, TP-5-2, TP-5-3
12 Loaded MIBK holding tank 14 Pump from reactor to filt
Pr w
210
000 Au
210
000 Au
Rec make-up
Reagent
Rec make-up
Reagent
Au Precipitation
Au
000Precipitation
204 Reverts
Reagent make-up210 Au Rec
Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of
Au Precipitation
0 grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver
600
600
900
600
600
900
600
1000
600
900
800
800
1000
500 600 300
300
300
500 600
500 1800 300
500 1800
500600
300
1500
300
500
800
500
1000
500
300 0.36 300
500 0.36
0.81 500
0.48 300
0.9 500
0.48
500
0.18
500
0.3
0.18
0.45
0.360.18
0.3
3.240.18
0.45
Mr
0.48 0.18
1.80.18
COC-1 0.18
0.3 TP-15-5
0.45 TP-9-36 0.9
0.18
0.9
0.18
0.9
TP-8-1
MHT-2-1
13
14
Loaded MIBK transfer pump15
FeCl2 dosing
Chlorate pump
make-up 12
Hydrazine pump from IBC
Loaded MIBK holding tan
210
000 Au Rec make-up
Reagent Au Precipitation 210 Au Rec Au Precipitation 0 2000 2000 2000 800 500 600 500 600 500600 800
500 300 40 300 1.60 300 500 1 0 0.36 1 0 0.48 1 AGI-1 0.18
0 RHC-1-1 0.18 0.18 TP-15-5 15 Au pptn vessel 13 Loaded MIBK transfer pu
Th s a ows comp ex processes to be shown as a ser es of

210
000 Au Rec make-up
Reagent Au Precipitation 210 Au Rec Au Precipitation 0 600 600 1000 800 500 600 500 600 500600 800
500 300 0.360 300 0.480 300 5000.30 0.36 0.3 0 0.48 0.3 COC-1 0.18
0 LHX-4-1 0.18 0.18 TP-9-36 16 MIBK abatement condenser14 FeCl2 dosing pump
210
000 Au Rec make-up
Reagent Recovered
000 Reagent filter &210
Aumake-up Au Rec
Wash Au Precipitation 1900
1200 1900
1200 4100
1200 1900
1000 500 20001900
1900 500 2000 2000
1900
500 800
1000
500 500 3.61
1.44 500 1.2 500
3.61 500
3.61
0.6 43.61
0.6 1.63.61
0.6 NUT-1 1 1 1 RHC-1-1 17 Nutsche
Bromatefilter
make-up 15 Au pptn vessel
210 Au Rec Au Precipitation 0 0 0 0 0 LHX-4-1
000 Au
210 Reagent
Rec make-up Recovered Au filter & Wash 0 600 600 1200 1000 500 500 Mf 500 500 0.360 0.60 0.30 0.30 0.30 VAC-2-1
AGI-1 18 Nutsche filter vacuum receiver
000 Au
210 Reagent
000 Au
210
Rec make-up
Reagent
Rec make-up
Recovered Au filter & Wash
000 Reagent
Recovered Aumake-up
filter & Wash
0 600
900
1500
600
900
1500
1000
900
1200
800
1000
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
0.360
0.81
2.25
0.480
0.9
1.5
0.30
0.45
0.75
Mb 0.30
0.45
0.75
0.30 NUT
COC-1
0.45 DWS-1
0.75
19
20
Nutsche filter vacuum pump
Carbonate make-up
Drumming station
nked ob ects (wh ch may represent p eces of equ pment or

000 Au
210 Reagent
Rec make-up Recovered Au filter & Wash 0 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.360 0.480 0.180 0.180 0.180 RP-4-1
AGI-1 21 Filtrate discharge pump
000 Reagent make-up 0 600 600 1000 800 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.48
Ml 0.3 0.3 0.3 COC-1
100 Leach Acid Leach 0 1200 1200 1000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 VRV-2 1 Reactor - lined
100 Leach Acid Leach 0 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 2 Sampler REV DA
steps n the process) By chang ng parameters (e g flow rates

100 Leach Acid Leach 0 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1 3 Agitator Do not sca
100 Leach Acid Leach 0 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-11 4 Peristaltic Pump - H2O2 verified on
210 MIBK Au removal SX 4400 3200 3300 800 200 200 200 200 14.08 3.52 0.64 0.64 0.88 MS-1-1, MS-1-2, MS-1-3, MS-1-4, MS-1-5, MS-1-6 1 6 x QVF mixer settlers
100 Leach Acid Leach 0 0 0 0 0 0 VCO-1 5 Vibro feeder - ATEX or the pro
210 MIBK Au removal SX 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 2 MxS sampler discrepanc
100 Leach Acid Leach 0 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9 6 Discharge pump - ATEX
210 MIBK Au removal SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-31 3 PGM feed pump drawing is
FIguRE
100 Leach 1. DATA TRANFER FORM
Acid LeachSPPREADSHEET FORMAT 0 2000 500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1 2 0.25 0.25 1 ICP-1 7 Process control
210 MIBK Au removal SX 1800 1800 1500 1000 500 500 500 500 3.24 1.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 MHT-1-1 4 MIBK hold tank Consultan
equ pment capac t es d stances or nks between p eces of

TO BIM ENVIROMMEMENT
100 Leach AND
Leach filter ITS ASSOCIATION WITH
& Wash 0 0 0 0 0 FPR-1 8 Filter press informatio
210 MIBK
SPATIAL gEOMETRY Au
100 Leach
removal SX
Leach filter & Wash
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SAM-1
CH-1
5
9
MIBK tank sampler
Cake hopper Wood Ltd.
210 MIBK Au removal SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-32 6 MIBK filling pump
100 Leach Leach filter & Wash 0 0 0 0 0 SF-1 10 Flexible screw conveyor
210 MIBK Au removal SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-33 7 MIBK recirc pump Key:
100 Leach Leach footing 1200 1200 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 11 Stirred tank - ATEX
210 MIBK Au removal SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-34 8 Scrub acid pump
100 Leach Leach footing 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 12 Sampler
210 MIBK Au removal SX 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 9 Sampler for raffinate tank
equ pment) the srround ng context w automat ca y flex to su t

100 Leach Leach footing 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1 13 Agitator
210 MIBK Au removal SX 500 500 2500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 RHT-1-1 10 Raffinate tank
100 Leach Leach footing 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-11 14 Reagent pump
210 MIBK Au removal SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-35 11 Raffinate pump
100 Leach Leach footing 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 GBF-1 15 Filter
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 2000 2000 1800 1000 500 500 500 500 4 2 1 1 1 MHT-3-1 22 Au-free MIBK collection tank
100 Leach Leach footing 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 FC-1 16 Filter Containment
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-2-1 23 Au-free MIBK transfer pump
100 Leach Leach footing 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9 17 Discharge pump - ATEX
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 2000 3500 5000 800 500 500 500 500 7 1.6 1.75 1.75 1 RHC-2-1 24 MIBK distillation vessel
Th s a ows mu t p e opt ons to be tested or even more

130 Dissolve Dissolve 1200 1200 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 VRV-1 1 Reactor - jacketed, 3 barg, ATEX
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 800 800 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.64 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 CON-1-1 25 MIBK condenser
130 Dissolve Dissolve 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 2 Sampler
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 800 800 800 800 300 300 300 500 0.64 0.64 0.24 0.24 0.24 PHS-1-1 26 Primary phase separator
130 Dissolve Dissolve 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9 3 Discharge pump - ATEX, PTFE double diaphram pump (Ref 3)
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 LHX-1-1 27 MIBK cooler
130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash 0 0 0 0 0 FPR-1 4 Filter press - with containment
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 1200 1200 1000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 CON-2-1 28 MIBK chiller Project:
130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash 0 0 0 0 0 CH-1 5 Cake hopper
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 800 800 800 800 300 300 300 500 0.64 0.64 0.24 0.24 0.24 PHS-1-2 29 Secondary phase separator
va uab y new processes to be v rtua y tested and opt m sed

130 Dissolve Dissolve filter & wash 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 FC-1 6 Filter containment
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 1900 1900 4100 1900 1900 1900 1900 1000 3.61 3.61 3.61 3.61 3.61 NUT-1 30 Nutsche filter Project
130 Dissolve
210 MIBK Rec
130 Dissolve
Dissolve filter & wash
Tar filter & Wash
Dissolve filter & wash
Pr l 0
600
1500
0
600
1500
0
1200
1200
1000
1000
1000
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
0
0.36
2.25
0
0.6
1.5
0
0.3
0.75
0
0.3
0.75
0
0.3
0.75
FC-1
VAC-3-1
DWS-1
7
31
8
PRE cake handling station
Nutsche filter vacuum receiver
IBC filling station for PGM liquor
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 0 0 0 0 0 not local 32 Nutsche filter vacuum pump Drawing
130 Dissolve Os Scrub 800 800 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.64 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 SCR-1 9 Os strip gas local scrubber
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-2-2 33 Filtrate discharge pump
130 Dissolve Os Scrub 0 0 0 0 0 COP-1 10 Column packing One Equ
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 VHT-1-1 34 Aqueous waste collection tank
w th a very h gh speed of terat on and a ow ng for a great dea

130 Dissolve Os Scrub 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-11 11 IMS pump to stabilise scrubbed Os
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-3-1 35 Aqueous waste transfer pump
130 Dissolve Os Scrub 800 800 1000 1000 500 500 500 500 0.64 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 12 Local scrubber scrub liquor tank
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 600 600 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 VAC-3-1 36 Vacuum flask
130 Dissolve Os Scrub 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 RP-13 13 Scrub liquor recirculation pump
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 1500 1500 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 2.25 1.5 0.75 0.75 0.75 DWS-1 37 Drumming station
200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9 1 Feed IBC transfer pump
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 1900 800 1500 1000 600 600 600 600 1.52 1.9 0.48 0.48 1.14 OCU-2 38 Glycol or oil chiller unit
200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 1300 1300 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.69 1.3 0.65 0.65 0.65 FBT-1-1 2 Feed blend tank
300 r-Nitta FP Selective Reduction 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 LHX-2-1 1 Heater
Pr l = ( Lb1+Lb2+...+Lbn ) + ( Pl1+Pl2+...+Pln )+ Mb1 + Mfn
of var ance between the known and unknown aspects of a
200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 3 Sampler for feed blend tank Drawing
300 r-Nitta FP Selective Reduction 500 500 4000 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 PHC-1 2 Plug flow reactor
200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 4 Sampler for feed blend tank
300 r-Nitta FP Selective Reduction 0 0 0 0 0 COP-1 3 Glass packing F1626_
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 4 Sample pump for XRF
200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1, AGI-1 5 Agitator
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 5 Sample cooling REV DATE
200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 2000 500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1 2 0.25 0.25 1 ICP-1 6 Process control Scale:
Pr W = max((Pw1+Ml1+Mr1 ),(Pw2+Ml2+Mr2 ), ... ,(Pwn+Mln+Mrn ))
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 2000 500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1 2 0.25 0.25 1 XRF-1-1 6 Process control
process
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 VAP-1 7 flash evaporation Do not scale from
200 Au Feed Prep Feed blending 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-1-1, TP-1-2 7 Transfer pump verified on site p
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 VAP-1 8 flash evaporation
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 GBF-1 8 Glovebox filter or the productio
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 0 0 0 0 0 CON-2 9 Flash drum condenser
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 FC-1 9 Filter containment discrepancies to
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 0 0 0 0 0 CHI-1 10 Flash drum chiller
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 0 0 0 0 0 VAC-10 10 Vacuum receiver
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 0 0 0 0 0 OCU-2 11 Chiller Package drawing is to be
nterdependenc es between mu t p e processes can be

200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1 1500 1500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 VRV-1 11 Volume reduction & adjustment vessel
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 300 300 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 0.09 0.3 0.15 0.15 0.15 WFE-1-1 12 Continuous evaporator Consultant’s dra
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 12 Sampler for volume reduction
300 r-Nitta FP
200 Au Feed Prep
r-Nitta FP
1000
1200
500
1200
600
1000
1000
1000
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
0.5
0
1
0
0.25
0
0.25
0
0.5
0
LHX-4-1
CON-6-1
13
13
Bottom cooler
Condenser
information. Thi
300 r-Nitta FP
200 Au Feed Prep
r-Nitta FP
600
500
600
500
600
500
800
1000
300
500
300
500
300
500
500
500
0.36
0
0.48
0
0.18
0
0.18
0
0.18
0
TP-2-4
LHX-13-1
14
14
Concentrated feed pump
Condensate cooler Wood Ltd.
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 WFES-1-1 15 Evaporator sump tank
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1 1600 1600 1600 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 PT-17-1 15 Acid condensate collection vessel
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 1200 1200 1000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 CON-1-2 16 Evaporation off-gas condenser
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0 0 0 0 0 TP-9-30 16 Condensate discharge pump Key:
s mu ated a ow ng comp ex fac ty mode s to be deve oped and

300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 600 600 600 1000 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 LHX-1-2 17 Condensate cooler
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 FP-1-1 17 Product discharge pump
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 SET-1-1 18 Acid recycle holding tank
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 2000 500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1 2 0.25 0.25 1 TIT-1-6 18 Process control
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 19 Sample pump for auto titrator
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 700 700 1800 1000 500 500 500 1000 0.49 0.7 0.35 0.35 0.35 CFC-1 19 Filter - cartridge
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 2000 500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1 2 0.25 0.25 1 TIT-1 20 Process control
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 FC-1 20 Filter containment
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 600 300 300 800 200 200 200 200 0.18 0.48 0.06 0.06 0.12 MIX-1-1 21 HCl/water mixer
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 21 Sampler for MIBK SX feed tank
tested
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 600 300 300 800 200 200 200 200 0.18 0.48 0.06 0.06 0.12 MIX-1-2 22 HCl/PGM mixer
200 Au Feed Prep Concentration adjust 1200 1200 2300 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 BT-6-1 22 MIBK SX feed Tank / hold tank
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 700 700 1800 1000 500 500 500 1000 0.49 0.7 0.35 0.35 0.35 CFC-1, CFC-1 23 Polishing filter (X2 in parallel)
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 FC-1 24 Filter containment
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 1 1200 1200 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 JSR-1-1, JSR-2-1, JSR-3-1 1 Jacketed stirred tank reactor
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 1200 1200 2500 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 VHT-2-1 1 r-Nitta Feed Tank / hold tank
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 1 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 2 Reactor sampler
By nk ng these parametr c mode s to B M author ng software

310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-4-1 2 PGM feed pump
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 1 2000 1200 2300 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 BTS-1-1 3 Solids loader
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 2000 2000 1500 600 600 600 600 800 4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 RHT-1-1 3 Organic recycle holding tank
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-2 4 Agitator & coil
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 5 Organic tank sampler Project:
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 GBF-3-1, GBF-3-2, GBF-3-3 4 Glovebox filter
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-4 6 Organic recirculation pump
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 FC-1 5 Filter containment
fac ty des gn becomes at east part a y automated (part cu ar y

310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 700 700 1800 1000 500 500 500 1000 0.49 0.7 0.35 0.35 0.35 CFC-1 7 Organic recirculation polishing filter
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 FC-1 8 Filter containment Project Athe
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 1000 1000 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 1 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 VAC-5-1, VAC-5-2, VAC-5-3 6 Vacuum receiver
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 7 Vacuum receiver sampler Drawing Title:
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 6200 4900 3100 800 300 300 300 300 30.38 4.96 1.47 1.47 1.86 MSB-1-1, MSB-1-2, MSB-1-3 9 SX mixer settler boxes
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 1200 1200 1000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 CON-2 8 Condenser
f standard sed components are used as advocated n De very

310 r-Nitta SX
204 Reverts
R-Nitta SX
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SAM-1
LHX-5-1
10
9
MxS sampler
Condensate cooler One Equipm
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1 11 Agitator
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 400 400 400 300 300 300 300 500 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 BT-2 10 Liquid feeds holding tank
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 600 300 300 800 200 200 200 200 0.18 0.48 0.06 0.06 0.12 MIX-1 12 strip acid mixer
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 400 400 400 300 300 300 300 500 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 11 Liquid feeds holding tank agitator
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 PT-1-1 13 R-Nitta loaded strip pump tank
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-7-1 12 Pump from hold tank to dissolve reactor
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 14 Loaded strip sampler
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 1 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 13 Hold tank sampler
P atforms for Government Assets ) ead ng to s gn ficant

310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-4 15 R-Nitta loaded strip transfer pump
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 RHT-2-1 16 R-Nitta raffinate pump tank
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-5-1, TP-5-2, TP-5-3 14 Pump from reactor to filter and from vacuum receiver onward
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 17 Raffinate sampler
204 Reverts Chemical reduction, atmospheric dissolve and pressure dissolve of grain: Pt & Pd misc dissolver 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-8-1 15 Hydrazine pump from IBC/carboy to reactor
310 r-Nitta SX
210 Au Rec
R-Nitta SX
Au Precipitation
2500
1800
2500
1800
2000
1500
1000
1000
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
6.25
3.24
2.5
1.8
1.25
0.9
1.25
0.9
1.25
0.9 MHT-2-1
18
12
MxS dump tank
Loaded MIBK holding tank Drawing Num
310 r-Nitta SX R-Nitta SX 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 19 Glovebox filter
210 Au Rec Au Precipitation 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-15-5 13 Loaded MIBK transfer pump
ncreases n product v ty and the effic ency of assets

310 r-Nitta SX
210 Au Rec
310 r-Nitta SX
R-Nitta SX
Au Precipitation
R-Nitta SX
0
600
600
0
600
600
0
600
600
1000
800
800
500
300
300
500
300
300
500
300
300
500
500
500
0
0.36
0.36
0
0.48
0.48
0
0.18
0.18
0
0.18
0.18
0
0.18
0.18
FC-1
TP-9-36
TP-4
20
14
21
Filter containment
FeCl2 dosing pump
R-Nitta raffinate transfer pump
F1626_BWT
210 Au Rec Au Precipitation 2000 2000 2000 800 500 500 500 500 4 1.6 1 1 1 RHC-1-1 15 Au pptn vessel
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: evaporation 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 1 Sample pump
210 Au Rec Au Precipitation 0 0 0 0 0 LHX-4-1 16 MIBK abatement condenser
400 Ru pH1
210 Au Rec
Ru FP: evaporation
Recovered Au filter & Wash
2000
1900
500
1900
2000
4100
1000
1900
500
1900
500
1900
500
1900
500
1000
1
3.61
2
3.61
0.25
3.61
0.25
3.61
1
3.61
XRF-1-2
NUT-1
2
17
Process control
Nutsche filter Scale:
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: evaporation 0 0 0 0 0 LHX-1-3 3 Boiler
210 Au Rec Recovered Au filter & Wash 600 600 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 VAC-2-1 18 Nutsche filter vacuum receiver
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: evaporation 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 RP-1-3 4 Product Stream from natural circulation evaporator pump
210 Au Rec Recovered Au filter & Wash 0 0 0 0 0 NUT 19 Nutsche filter vacuum pump
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: evaporation 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 LHX-1-4 5 Product off stream cooler
210 Au Rec Recovered Au filter & Wash 1500 1500 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 2.25 1.5 0.75 0.75 0.75 DWS-1 20 Drumming station
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: evaporation 2500 1600 5000 1000 500 500 500 500 4 2.5 0.8 0.8 1.25 EVD-1-1 6 Evaporation drum
210 Au Rec Recovered Au filter & Wash 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 RP-4-1 21 Filtrate discharge pump
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: evaporation 0 0 0 0 0 COP-1 7 Demister
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: evaporation 800 800 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.64 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 CON-1-3 8 Evaporation off-gas condenser
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: evaporation 1000 500 600 1000 500 500 500 500 0.5 1 0.25 0.25 0.5 LHX-1-5 9 Cooler
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: evaporation 0 0 0 0 0 ARH-1-1 10 Acid recycle holding tank
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: evaporation 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-2 11 Acid recycle pump
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 1 600 600 600 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 PHA-1-1 12 pH 1 adjust mixing tank
210 MIBK Au removal SX 4400 3200 3300 800 200 200 200 200 14.08 3.52 0.64 0.64 0.88 MS-1-1, MS-1-2, MS-1-3, MS-1-4, MS-1-5, MS-1-6 1 6 x QVF mixer settlers
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 RP-1 13 Circulation pump
210 MIBK Au removal SX 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 2 MxS sampler
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 1000 500 600 1000 500 500 500 500 0.5 1 0.25 0.25 0.5 LHX-1-6 14 Cooler
210 MIBK Au removal SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-31 3 PGM feed pump
210 MIBK Au removal SX 1800 1800 1500 1000 500 500 500 500 3.24 1.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 MHT-1-1 4
15 MIBK hold tank
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 1500 500 3000 1000 500 500 500 500 0.75 1.5 0.25 0.25 0.75 MFC-1-1, MFS-1-1 Membrane filter
210 MIBK Au removal SX 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 5 MIBK tank sampler
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 GBF-1-2 16 Glovebox filter
210 MIBK Au removal SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-32 6 MIBK filling pump
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 0 0 0 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 FC-1 17 Filter containment
210 MIBK Au removal SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-33 7 MIBK recirc pump
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 600 600 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 VAC-4-1 18 Vacuum receiver
210 MIBK Au removal SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-34 8 Scrub acid pump
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 1500 1500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 2.25 1.5 0.75 0.75 0.75 BT-1-1 19 Batch hold tank (permeate)
210 MIBK Au removal SX 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 9 Sampler for raffinate tank
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 20 Sampler for batching tank
210 MIBK Au removal SX 500 500 2500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 RHT-1-1 10 Raffinate tank
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 2000 500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1 2 0.25 0.25 1 ICP-1 21 Process control
210 MIBK Au removal SX 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-35 11 Raffinate pump
400 Ru pH1 Ru FP: pH 1 adjust 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-2-3 22 Ru Dist feed pump
Pa ame c mode o mu p e B M mode gene a ed au oma ca y

210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 2000 2000 1800 1000 500 500 500 500 4 2 1 1 1 MHT-3-1 22 Au-free MIBK collection tank
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-2-1 23 Au-free MIBK transfer pump
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Ru distillation 1 1500 1500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 JSR-4-1, JSR-4-2 1 Ru distillation / pH 5 vessels
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 2000 3500 5000 800 500 500 500 500 7 1.6 1.75 1.75 1 RHC-2-1 24 MIBK distillation vessel
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Ru distillation 1 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 2 Sampler for reactor
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 800 800 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.64 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 CON-1-1 25 MIBK condenser
nked p ocess flows om pa ame c flow mode s

210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 800 800 800 800 300 300 300 500 0.64 0.64 0.24 0.24 0.24 PHS-1-1 26 Primary phase separator
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Ru distillation 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9-1, TP-9-2 3 Discharge pump
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 LHX-1-1 27 MIBK cooler
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 1200 1200 1000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 CON-2-1 28 MIBK chiller
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Ru distillation 800 2000 6850 1000 700 700 500 500 1.6 0.8 1.4 1.4 0.4 CSC-3-1, CSC-3-2 4 Ru Scrubber
210 MIBK Rec MIBK Recovery 800 800 800 800 300 300 300 500 0.64 0.64 0.24 0.24 0.24 PHS-1-2 29 Secondary phase separator
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Ru distillation 1 0 0 0 0 0 COP-1 5 Scrubber packing
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 1900 1900 4100 1900 1900 1900 1900 1000 3.61 3.61 3.61 3.61 3.61 NUT-1 30 Nutsche filter
28 29
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 600 600 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 VAC-3-1 31 Nutsche filter vacuum receiver
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Ru distillation 1 800 800 1000 1000 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 CSS-3-1, CSS-3-2 6 Ru scrubber scrub liquor tank
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 0 0 0 0 0 not local 32 Nutsche filter vacuum pump
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Ru distillation 1 1600 800 1300 800 300 300 300 500 0 0 0 0 0 RP-6 7 Ru Scrub liquor recirculation pump
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-2-2 33 Filtrate discharge pump
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: pH 5 filtration 1200 1200 2500 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 MFS-2-1 8 Membrane filtration feed tank
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 1200 1200 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 1.44 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 VHT-1-1 34 Aqueous waste collection tank
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: pH 5 filtration 2800 500 3000 1000 500 500 500 500 1.4 2.8 0.25 0.25 1.4 MFC-2-1 9 Membrane filter
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-3-1 35 Aqueous waste transfer pump
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: pH 5 filtration 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 RP-7-1 10 Circulation pump
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 600 600 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 VAC-3-1 36 Vacuum flask
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: pH 5 filtration 1800 1800 1500 1000 500 500 500 500 3.24 1.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 BT-4-1 11 Retentate tank
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 1500 1500 1200 1000 500 500 500 500 2.25 1.5 0.75 0.75 0.75 DWS-1 37 Drumming station
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Chlorate / bromate destruct 1000 1000 500 1000 500 500 500 500 1 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 BT-3-1 12 Permeate hold tank
210 MIBK Rec Tar filter & Wash 1900 800 1500 1000 600 600 600 600 1.52 1.9 0.48 0.48 1.14 OCU-2 38 Glycol or oil chiller unit
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Chlorate / bromate destruct 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-10 13 Feed pump to destruct reactor
300 r-Nitta FP Selective Reduction 500 500 500 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 LHX-2-1 1 Heater
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Chlorate / bromate destruct 2800 600 300 1000 500 500 500 500 1.68 2.8 0.3 0.3 1.4 CDT-2 14 Destruct reactor
300 r-Nitta FP Selective Reduction 500 500 4000 1000 500 500 500 500 0.25 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 PHC-1 2 Plug flow reactor
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Chlorate / bromate destruct 600 600 1000 800 500 500 500 500 0.36 0.48 0.3 0.3 0.3 RCS-1 15 Cooling coil
300 r-Nitta FP Selective Reduction 0 0 0 0 0 COP-1 3 Glass packing
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Chlorate / bromate destruct 1 0 0 0 0 0 AGI-1 16 Agitator
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 4 Sample pump for XRF
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Chlorate / bromate destruct 2000 500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1 2 0.25 0.25 1 TIT-1 17 Process control
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 5 Sample cooling
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Chlorate / bromate destruct 0 0 0 0 0 SAM-1 18 Sample pump
300 r-Nitta FP r-Nitta FP 2000 500 2000 1000 500 500 500 500 1 2 0.25 0.25 1 XRF-1-1 6 Process control
410 Ru pH 5 Ru: Chlorate / bromate destruct 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-10 19 Discharge pump from destruct reactor
420 O-Nitta FP O-Nitta FP 600 600 600 800 300 300 300 500 0.36 0.48 0.18 0.18 0.18 TP-9 1 Feed pump
Mass customisation
C-95-J R C-95-J L
Sub-assemblies example -
Mass Customisation is a manufacturing technique that combines Face fixed perforated
Elizabeth Line tunnel lining
the flexibility and personalisation of custom-made products with
acoustic GFRC panel
A-95-SC1-D-P01-STL
the low unit costs associated with mass production.

Extended bottom frame.
A-95-SC1-D-P02-STL
A-95-SR4-D-P01-STL
As described above, automotive manufacturing is an example

A-95-SC1-S-I01-MLD
infill strip - type 01
of a successful implementations of this approach; computer

A-95-SC1-S-I02-MLD
9 10 11 12 13 infill strip - type 02
manufacturing is another. Both of these sectors are characterised 8 9 10 11 12

PT4 junction infill strip -
type 06
by the capability of the suppliers to provide customers with Platform infill strip -
type 03
a personally configured products, with seemingly limitless

7 8 9 10 11
9
10
possibilities of configuration, Neither party suffers significant

6 7 8 10
additional cost or inconvenience for incurring such choice. In

9 type 03
8
7
5 6 PT4 junction infill strip -
fact, the opposite is true.

8 type 05
5 6 7
4 PT4 junction infill strip -
In order to provide solutions that are fine tuned to specific

7 type 04
A-95-SR2-D-A01-STL
6
Face fixed perforated PT4 junction infill strip -
localised needs and context, the creation of delivery platforms

acoustic panel 3
2 5 type 02
4 6
A-95-SR1-D-A01-STL
5 PT4 junction infill strip -
Face fixed perforated
should accommodate sufficient levels of mass customisation.

acoustic panel type 01
4
A-95-JR1-D-A01-STL 4
3
In order to achieve these outcomes, consideration will be

Face fixed perforated 2
acoustic panel Platform infill strip -
3
type 02
2
given to a number of scales;

A-95-JR1-D-A03-STL
Face fixed perforated 2
acoustic panel
A-95-JR1-D-TKA-STL type 01
A-95-JR1-D-A05-STL
Tusk arch
Face fixed perforated Face fixed perforated
acoustic panel acoustic panel
Platform infill strip -

Passenger panel
Product assemblies - Market testing to find popular or typical

A-95-JR1-D-A07-STL type 01
A-95-JR1-D-TKP-STL acoustic panel acoustic panel
1
Tusk plinth
product configurations, as well as the likely appetite for A-95-JR1-D-A08-STL

acoustic panel
A-95-JR1-D-A10-STL
acoustic panel
acoustic panel
variation and deviation from these baselines. The requirement A-95-JR1-D-A06-STL

A-95-JR1-D-A09-STL
A-95-SC2-S-A02-STL
for product assemblies will be created by the spatial design

acoustic panel acoustic panel acoustic panel
Stainless steel rib and infill strip in

A-95-JR1-D-A04-STL A-95-SC2-D-A02-STL A-95-SC2-S-A01-STL
work streams and a more detailed analysis of the make up of

abayence pending design input
Face fixed perforated Face fixed perforated Face fixed perforated regarding smokescreen
acoustic panel acoustic panel acoustic panel)
the existing and planned government estate according to the

A-95-JR1-D-A02-STL A-95-SC2-D-A01-STL
acoustic panel acoustic panel
characteristics described above;

Sub-assemblies - Comprehensive understanding of
relationships between component parts, such as their
interoperability as of part of larger assemblies. This includes
the details of the specific assembly processes that are
required;
Component parts – Identification of a parts library, that can
populate the sub-assemblies and combine to deliver the
performance requirements of the product assemblies. This
includes detailed knowledge of parts such as performance,
costs and availability.
cont’d
30 31
Components example - excerpt
Mass customisation cont’d from the ‘virtual warehouse’ of
components for
GlaxoSmithKline’s ‘Factory in a
Box’ system
This strategy will apply the thinking that underpins existing,

successful models of mass customisation to the building design
and construction industry and will take on each of these three
work strands in order to determine and document;
Product assemblies – Identification and documentation of the

functional typologies of spaces, departments and facilities
that define publicly procured built assets across the most
high value sectors. This will work strand will provide briefing
and guidance for the further work necessary to standardise
and optimise spatial configurations across typologies;
Sub-assemblies – Identification of common constructional
and operational Sub-Assemblies that can serve multiple
typologies. This will include architectural, structural and MEP
systems. This workstream will provide briefing and guidance
for the further work necessary to standardise and optimise
sub-assemblies to suit the Product Assemblies;
Component parts – Identification and documentation of
common component parts that can serve multiple Sub
Assemblies. This will work strand will provide briefing
and guidance for the further work necessary to create a
standardised parts library, including the means of cataloguing
criteria for verification and validation required for maintaining
it.
Each of these three strands will be underpinned by the use of

BIM Level 2 standards, and in particular the use of Uniclass 2015
as a classification system to capture facilities, spaces, systems
and products (this is described in more detail in the next section).
32 33
Rapid engineering models
Parametric
Data analysis
components
Digital Rapid
Design workflows engineering
models
Collaborative
working
Digital
Component
delivery creation
Configuration
strategy
Supply chain
Process
mapping
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery controls
Outputs from analytical exercise
Rules-based context analysis on a section of highway
The parametric models described in the previous section are a

key enabler of self-generating rapid engineering models.
Site survey data is first analysed by running automated
workflows relating to a number of specific conditions.
The examples on the opposite page show analysis of a
section of motorway, analysed according to:
Visibility;
Gradient;
Curvature;
Verge condition. Road curvature
Road gradient
Side grading
Visibility analysis
Assemblies density
36 37
Typical visualisation of rule sets
Rapid engineering model for an assembly, and an output
showing rapid engineering
model populated with
assemblies
CONTROL SIGNALS
The outputs of the analysis will then dictate the placement of
certain features or assemblies.
300m (+/- 100) downstream
300 m (+/-100)
of the Entry Datum Points
Because the parametric assemblies can be enriched with rule 40 m
sets governing visibility distance, maximum distance between
list of RULES
components, interaction with other assemblies etc. the base
600-1500 m 600-1500 m
AVG 800m AVG 800m
context model can be automatically populated. > 1000 m
The example on the right shows the rules sets for one type of visible from 2/3 of the distance
300m (+/- 100)
assembly, plus a sample populated model.

downstream of the
Entry Datum Points
> 1200 m
This rapid engineering model includes:

Add one in midpoint
Preliminary assembly positions, based on design guidance

rules only; 300m (+/- 100) downstream
Assemblies at LOD4, LOI4;
Outputs include:
BIM model (in context of drone survey), including assembly 300m (+/- 100) downstream
BIM models from HE library;

Schedule of components;
GIS data of assembly locations;
Interactive dashboards of assemblies data, including
locations linked to street view geo-photography; CONTROL SIGNALS
Fly through of model;

PRIMARY + SECONDARY ADS
Model suitable for use in VR.
ERA
VMS
38 39
Collaborative working
Parametric
Data analysis
components
Design Digital Rapid engineering

workflows models
Collaborative
working
Digital
Component
delivery creation
Configuration
strategy
Supply chain
Process
mapping
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery controls
Photos from collaborative
Collaborative modelling sessions sessions showing use of models
and VR for stakeholder
engagement
The rapid engineering model can be used as the basis for

collaborative workshops to interrogate and refine the initial
proposal.
Such is the speed of the digital workflows that is possible
to update the model live in response to challenges or inputs
from the assembled team. It is therefore essential that the
collaborative session includes a sufficiently broad range of
views, with experts in specific fields or parts of a project life
cycle to be represented (typically design, construction, operation
and maintenance).
These sessions can therefore facilitate extremely rapid
decision making on the fly, or can generate the need for specific
studies which will be taken away from the session and developed
in more detail or with a specific set of stakeholders.
Comments and contributions of all stakeholders tracked
and recorded directly onto the model, which as well as being
documented can be issued at the end of each session as a
record of the design development.
The final model therefore becomes an extremely well
articulated brief for the next stage of more detailed design, and
captures considerations for every stage of the project life cycle.
42 43
Classification
Parametric
Data analysis
components

Design
workflows models
Collaborative
working
Digital
Component
delivery creation
Configuration
strategy
Supply chain
Process
mapping
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery controls
Uniclass classification system
Group Code
10 Code count per Group
250 15 Group Code Table Name
20 10 Groups
25 SubGroups
200 30 Sections
32 15 Groups
35
One key element of standardisation is the ability to have a 150 40
SubGroups
Sections
common frame of reference for describing buildings, spaces, 42

45
20 Groups
SubGroups
systems and components. 100 50
55
Sections
25 Groups
Uniclass 2015 is a unified classification system for the 50
60 SubGroups
65
construction industry, divided into a set of tables which can 70 30
Sections
Groups
be used to categorise information for costing, briefing, etc.

75 SubGroups
0
80 Sections
as well as when preparing specifications or other production 85

90
32 Groups
SubGroups
-50
documents. Sections
Groups
The adoption of Uniclass will be critical for linking the spaces -100
0 100
Code Count
200
to the physical systems described in earlier systems - Uniclass

Code count per Table
provides the common thread that can link every scale of the -150
physical elements with the functional and spatial requirements of

Table
AC
-200
a facility. CO
EN
These tables are also suitable for buildings and other -250 SL
-250 -200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 0 200 400 600 800
assets in use, and maintaining asset management and facilities Code count
management information.
Above: Below:
Data visualisation for activities, complexes, Data visualisation for elements, systems and
The tables are: entities and spaces tables products tables
Ac - Activities Group Code1

15 Code count per Group
Co - Complexes 2000
20
25
Gro..
15
En - Entities 30
32
20
25
SL - Spaces/ locations 1500 35

37
30
32
EF - Elements/ functions 40
45
35
37
Ss - Systems
1000
50 40
55 45
Pr - Products 500
60
65
50
55
70 60
75
CA - Construction aids
65
80 70
0
85
FI - Form of information 90
75
80
PM - Project management -500

85
90
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Count of Code1
The example on the following pages uses passenger tunnel lining -1000
for the Elizabeth Line to show how Uniclass works at a range of Code count per Table
scales from an entire facility, down to the individual products. -1500 Table1
EF
The last three tables listed above also provide classifications Pr

Ss
-2000
specific to the delivery phase of the project. -1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000
0K 1K 2K 3K 4K 5K 6K 7K
Code count

46 47
Example showing asset -
Uniclass classification - at Asset level Elizabeth Line passenger tunnels
in Tottenham Court Road station
Ac - Activities Co Complexes
Ac_80 Transport activities Co_80 Transport complexes
Ac_80_10 Loading and embarkation Co_80_50 Railway complexes
activities Co_80_50_37 High-speed rail complexes
Ac_80_10_60 Passenger arriving Co_80_50_51 Main line rail complexes
Ac_80_10_61 Passenger departing Co_80_50_73 Rail network
Ac_80_10_62 Passenger disembarking Co_80_50_74 Railway stations
Ac_80_10_63 Passenger embarking Co_80_50_93 Underground rail complexes
Ac_80_10_64 Passenger gathering Co_80_50_94 Underground railway stations
Ac_80_10_86 Ticketing
Ac_80_50 Railway activities En - Entities
Ac_80_50_71 Rail signal controlling En_80 Transport entities
Ac_80_50_73 Railway track buffering En_80_50 Railway entities
Ac_80_50_75 Railway travel En_80_50_74 Railway station buildings
Ac_80_50_90 Train stopping En_80_50_80 Single sided platforms
Ac_80_60 Rail storage and maintenance En_80_90 Transport hub entities
activities En_80_96 Tunnels and shafts
Ac_80_60_11 Carriage cleaning En_80_96_80 Shafts
Ac_80_60_26 Engine fuelling En_80_96_90 Tunnels
Ac_80_60_27 Engine inspecting
Ac_80_60_28 Engine servicing SL - Spaces / locations
Ac_80_60_29 Engine washing SL_80 Transport spaces
TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD
Ac_80_60_70 Rail repairing SL_80_50 Railways Module Types & Quantities, File Names & Progress
14015-BW-SK-022
Ac_90 Circulation and plant activities SL_80_50_75 Railway tracks
CONCOURSE - Tunnel Type 4 Modules CH1 PLATFORMS - Eastbound & Westbound Modules CONCOURSE - CH3
Ac_90_10 Circulation activities SL_80_50_77 Railway signal control spaces Module

CONCOURSE
CH1
Typical
Module
CONCOURSE
CH1
Fillet Bay
Module
CONCOURSE
CH1
Radial Arrangement
Module
PLATFORM
Typical Module
Module
PLATFORM
Equipment Enclosure Bay
Module
PLATFORM
Fillet Bay
Module
CONCOURSE
CH3
Typical
Module
CONCOURSE
CH3
Equipment Enclosure Bay
Module
CONCOURSE
CH3 to C-T4
Fillet Bay
Module
CONCOURSE
CH3
Radial Arrangement
Ac_90_10_16 Covered walking SL_80_50_90 Train stops x 31

File Name
C-11-S01-S
Progression
x1
File Name
C-11-F01-D
Progression
x1
File Name
C-11-MT1-D
Progression
x 137
File Name
C-01-S01-S
Progression
x 16
File Name
C-01-EQ1-S
Progression
Note: These might be
unique. Quantity TBC.
x 16
File Name
C-01-F??-D
Progression
x 25
File Name
C-13-S01-S
Progression
x2
File Name
C-13-EQ1-S
Progression
x1
File Name
C-13-F01-D
Progression
x1
File Name
C-13-MT1-D
Progression
Ac_90_10_24 Dropping-off and collecting Module

CONCOURSE
CH1
Signage Bay
Module
CONCOURSE
CH1
Signage & Fillet Bay
Maximum Span (Base Bracket to first Support)
3479mm
Module
PLATFORM
Make Up Bays
(Width Varies)
Module
PLATFORM
Signage Bay
4694mm
Module
CONCOURSE
CH3
Make Up Bays (Width Varies)
Module
CONCOURSE
CH3
Signage Bay
Module
CONCOURSE
CH3 to CH3-EB
Fillet Bay
4290mm
Ac_90_10_27 Entering and exiting x1

File Name
C-11-SN1-S
x1
File Name
C-11-SF1-D
x 31
File Name
C-01-M??-S
x 51
File Name
C-01-SN1-S
x6
File Name
C-13-M??-S
x2
File Name
C-13-SN1-S
x1
File Name
C-13-F02-D
Ac_90_10_49 Lift stopping and calling

Progression Progression Progression Progression Progression Progression Progression
Ac_90_10_50 Lift travelling CROSS PASSAGE - Tunnel Type 2 Module

Module Module
CROSS PASSAGE - Tunnel Type 4 Module
Module
CROSS PASSAGE
AP3E, AP3W, AP4E & AP4W
3471mm
Ac_90_10_96 Wheelchair travelling

CROSS PASSAGE CROSS PASSAGE Typical Module
AP1 Modules AP2E & AP2W
Typical Module
x 50
x1 x 25 File Name
Ac_90_20 Common activities

C-26-S01-S
File Name File Name
C-22-MT1-D C-22-S01-S Progression
Progression Progression
Module Module
CROSS PASSAGE CROSS PASSAGE
Ac_90_20_13 Changing
Module Module AP3E to P-T4 AP3E to C-T4
CROSS PASSAGE CROSS PASSAGE Fillet Bay Fillet Bay
x1 x1
AP2E to P-T2 AP2E to T4-T2 (4w)
Fillet Bay Fillet Bay
x1 x1
Ac_90_20_69 Queuing
File Name File Name
C-26-F01-D C-26-F02-D
File Name File Name Progression Progression
C-22-F01-D C-22-F02-D
Module Module
Ac_90_20_96 Waiting EF - Elements / functions

AP3W to P-T4 AP3W to C-T4
Module Module
CROSS PASSAGE CROSS PASSAGE Fillet Bay Fillet Bay
AP2W to P-T2
Fillet Bay
AP2W to T4-T2 (4w)
Fillet Bay x1 x1
Ss - Systems x1 x1 File Name File Name
C-26-F03-D C-26-F04-D
File Name File Name Progression Progression

C-22-F03-D C-22-F04-D
Pr - Products
Progression Progression Module Module
AP4E to P-T4 AP4E to C-T4
Module Maximum Span (Base Bracket to first Support) Fillet Bay Fillet Bay
x1 x1
CROSS PASSAGE 4694.97mm
AP2W
Radial Arrangement
x1
File Name File Name
C-26-F05-D C-26-F06-D
File Name
C-22-MT2-D
Progression Module Module
AP4W to P-T4 AP4W to C-T4
Fillet Bay Fillet Bay
x1 x1
File Name File Name
C-26-F07-D C-26-F08-D
JUNCTIONS Circular JUNCTIONS Circular to Square JUNCTIONS Square ACCESS PASSAGE Square Progression Progression
Module Module Module Module Module Module Module

JUNCTION JUNCTION JUNCTION JUNCTION ACCESS PASSAGE ACCESS PASSAGE ACCESS PASSAGE Module Module
P-T2 T4-T2 (4w) P-AP7a AP7a-AP7b AP7a AP7b AP8 CROSS PASSAGE CROSS PASSAGE
Typical Module Make Up Bays (Width Varies) AP3E AP3W
x1 x1
Radial Arrangement Radial Arrangement
x3 x1 x1 x 16 x 10 x1 x1
File Name File Name File Name File Name File Name File Name File Name
C-90-JCN-D C-93-JCN-D C-95-JCN-D C-96-JCN-D C-54-MT1-F C-55-S01-F C-56-M??-F File Name File Name
C-26-MT1-D C-26-MT2-D
Module Module Module Maximum Span (Base Bracket to first Support) Module Module Module Module
JUNCTION JUNCTION JUNCTION AP7a - 2830mm ACCESS PASSAGE ACCESS PASSAGE CROSS PASSAGE CROSS PASSAGE
AP7b-AP8 AP7b - 2827mm AP4E AP4W
P-T4 T4-T2 (2w) AP7b AP8
AP8 - 2733mm
Make Up Bays Radial Arrangement Radial Arrangement Radial Arrangement
x4 x1 x1 x3 x1 x1 x1
File Name File Name File Name File Name File Name File Name File Name
C-91-JCN-D C-94-JCN-D C-97-JCN-D C-55-M01-F FC-56-MT1-S C-26-MT3-D C-26-MT4-D
Module Module
JUNCTION JUNCTION
C-T4 AP8
x2 x1 ESCALATOR BOX TRANSITIONS

File Name File Name Module Module Module Module Module
C-92-JCN-D C-98-JCN-D ESCALATOR ESCALATOR ESCALATOR TRANSITION TRANSITION
Progression Progression NEF SEF NWF EBP-WB CH3-EB
(North East Facing Wall) (South East Facing Wall) (North West Facing Wall)
x1 x1 x1 x1 x1
File Name File Name File Name File Name File Name
C-101-MT1-F C-102-MT1-F C-103-MT1-F C-110-MT1-D C-112-MT1-D
Progression Progression Progression Progression Progression
Section Size Second Moment of Area (Ixx)

Module Module
TRANSITION TRANSITION
165 x 65 x 3mm RIB 4,349,982.22 mm^4 CH1-WB AP8-EB
165 x 65 x 2mm RIB 2,983,389.21 mm^4 x1 x1

File Name File Name
C-111-MT1-D C-113-MT1-D
165 x 65 x 1.5mm RIB 2,260,518.66 mm^4
165 x 65 x 3mm Horizontal RIB

165 x 65 x 1.5 Vertical RIB
48 49
Example showing passenger
Uniclass classification - at Assembly level tunnel lining intersection for the
Elizabeth Line stations
EF - Elements / functions
EF_20 Structural elements
EF_20_10 Frames
EF_25 Wall and barrier elements
EF_25_10 Walls
EF_70 Electrical power and lighting
functions
EF_70_30 Electricity distribution and
transmission
EF_70_80 Lighting
EF_75 Communications, security, safety
and protection functions
EF_75_10 Communication
EF_75_30 Signalling
EF_75_40 Security
EF_75_50 Safety and protection
Ss - Systems
Ss_25 Wall and barrier systems
Ss_25_10 Framed wall systems
Ss_25_10_32 Framed wall structure systems
Ss_25_10_32_45 Light steel wall framing systems
Ss_25_12 Panel wall structure systems
Ss_25_12_15 Concrete panel wall systems
Ss_25_20_33 Glass fibre reinforced concrete
(GRC) cladding systems
Ss_25_20_33_35 GRC cladding systems
Ss_25_25 Wall lining systems
Ss_25_25_05 Acoustic panel systems
Pr - Products
50 51
Example showing passenger
Uniclass classification - at Sub-assembly level tunnel lining ladder frame for the
Ss - Systems Ss_70_80_33_35 Hard-wired general lighting

Ss_25 Wall and barrier systems systems
Ss_25_10 Framed wall systems Ss_75 Communications, security, safety,
Ss_25_10_32 Framed wall structure systems control and protection systems
Ss_25_10_32_45 Light steel wall framing systems Ss_75_10 Communications systems
Ss_25_12 Panel wall structure systems Ss_75_10_21 Data distribution and
Ss_25_12_15 Concrete panel wall systems telecommunications systems
Ss_25_20_33 Glass fibre reinforced concrete Ss_75_10_21_21 Data distribution systems
(GRC) cladding systems Ss_75_10_21_88 Telecommunications systems
Ss_25_20_33_35 GRC cladding systems Ss_75_10_68 Public communications systems
Ss_25_25 Wall lining systems Ss_75_10_68_02 Advertising display systems
Ss_25_25_05 Acoustic panel systems Ss_75_10_68_13 Clock systems
Ss_40_10 Signage systems Ss_75_10_68_68 Public address systems
Ss_40_85_70 Rail FF&E systems Ss_75_30 Signal systems
Ss_40_85_70_60 Passenger concourse FF&E Ss_75_30_70 Railway signal and control
systems systems
Ss_70 Electrical systems Ss_75_30_70_70 Rail signal systems
Ss_70_30 Electricity distribution and Ss_75_40 Security systems
transmission systems Ss_75_40_53 Monitoring systems
Ss_70_30_45 Low-voltage systems Ss_75_40_53_86 Surveillance systems
Ss_70_30_45_45 Low-voltage distribution systems Ss_75_40_73 Security screening systems
Ss_70_30_80 Small power systems Ss_75_50_11 Call and alarm systems
Ss_70_30_80_35 Hard-wired voltage small power Ss_75_50_11_05 Assistance call systems
systems Ss_75_50_11_27 Emergency voice communication
Ss_70_30_80_45 Low-voltage small power systems systems
with prefabricated wiring Ss_75_50_11_95 Voice alarm systems
Ss_70_80 Lighting systems
Ss_70_80_33 General space lighting systems
Ss_70_80_33_33 General lighting systems with Pr - Products
prefabricated wiring
52 53
Example showing acoustic
Uniclass classification - at Component level tunnel lining panel for the
Pr - Products
Pr_20 Structure and general products
Pr_20_29 Fastener products
Pr_20_29_60 Packings, washers and spacers
Pr_20_29_60_96 Washers
At this level the components can be linked to individual

manufacturers data. This is described in more detail in ‘Product
Data Definition - A technical specification for defining and
sharing structured digital construction product information’ (S.
Thompson, April 2016).
Below: Example of approved product data
LEXiCON, hosted by the Construction Products Association template from ‘Product Data Definition’
(CPA), will implement the methodology set out in the Product http://bim-level2.org/globalassets/pdfs/
Product Data Definition A technical specification for defining and sharing structured digital construction product information
Data Definition document and facilitate the capture of the product-data-definition_v2.pdf
following information relating to products:
Essential Requirements for the Harmonised European

Standards (hENs);
Requirements from other Standard (e.g relevant ISO, EN or BS
standards other than those captured above);
Industry recognised documents;
Mandated requirements for a specific sector or application
e.g. NRM for Chartered Surveyors;
Non-mandated but recognised within a specific sector e.g.
CIBSE Guide M;
Industry agreed and recognised e.g. identified by a
professional institute, trade association or cross-industry
group;
User-defined additional terms proposed for approval and
wider adoption.
Figure 21: Example approved product data template
13 April 2016 30
54 55
Mechanical properties of
Level of detail below Uniclass individual components -
Elizabeth Line tunnel lining
ladder frame
Below Uniclass the level of information relates to the material

properties of individual components.
56 57
Uniclass classification of
Uniclass classification - in Delivery phase Temporary Works and
Construction Aids
Ss - Systems
Ss_15_95 Temporary works systems

Ss_15_95_15 Temporary preparatory works systems
Ss_15_95_35 Temporary fixed access, tunnel, shaft, vessel and tower works systems
Ss_15_95_40 Temporary signage and fittings, furnishings and equipment (FF&E)
works systems
CA - Construction aids
CA_20_10_20 Mobile working towers
CA_20_30_30 Guardrails
CA_20_30_30_35 Guardboards
CA_20_30_30_36 Handrails
CA_20_30_30_41 Intermediate guardrails
CA_20_30_30_89 Toe boards
CA_20_30_80 Work platforms
CA_20_30_80_01 Adjustable platforms
58 59
Component creation + configuration
Parametric
Data analysis
components

Design
workflows models
Collaborative
working
Digital
delivery Component Configuration
creation
strategy
Supply chain
Process
mapping
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery controls
Component design
Work on a range of projects in the rail, highways and water A proof of concept study carried out for Highways England in 2014 showed
infrastructure projects show that a component based approach, that a component based solution to central reservation works would yield the
with the digital components providing a highly representative benefits shown here.
digital twin of their physical selves, can unlock all of the potential
benefits of a DfMA approach.
The benefits case for a DfMA approach was set out in the
document ‘Delivery Platforms for Government Assets - Creating
a Marketplace for Manufactured Spaces’ and will not be
duplicated here.
However, the component design should have a low barrier Cost benefit Road user experience
to entry to existing supply chains i.e. manufacturing the 32km/126wks
components should work with existing skills, processes and
current price
tools.
DfMA components should therefore ideally possess the Current: CENTRAL RESERVATION
following characteristics: £/km

4km/ 4km/ 4km/
16wks 16wks 16wks
H ighly repeatable and can be manufactured at scale by a WORK SMARTER WORK SMARTER
AND HARDER
wide supply chain;
Require no specialist skills or equipment that is not widely Proposal:
15wks 40wks
available; Time (4km section)
Can be manufactured, assembled and pre-tested using
rigorous quality assurance to maintain consistency across the
programme (in construction and into operation);
Could be manufactured and assembled using local, semi- Safety Programme
skilled labour (following standard training in relevant tasks) 50,000 hours
to facilitate the creation of apprenticeships and expansion of 100%
manufacturing skill set; Current - part of major scheme 37 wks

Require minimum materials handling and processing (which Total
man hours
39,000 hours
79%
inevitable introduces waste and non-value adding activity); of site Current - 4 km scheme 32 wks
Use materials that are widely available in the UK;

Work smarter - 4 km scheme 22 wks
Could be developed with MTC to optimise manufacturing
processes (including adoption of some level automation if
Work smarter & harder - 4 km scheme 16 wks
appropriate and desirable); Current Proposed
Reduced man hours on site Period lane closure in place

therefore reduced exposure
to danger
62 63
VW group’s platform sharing
Simplifying what we buy and how we buy it architecture.
Source: DS Raikkonen
http://www.f1technical.net/
forum/viewtopic.php?t=12881
We need to move away from bespoke design and construction

and move to standardised, highly productive manufactured
solutions.
This can be delivered through a 3 step process:
1. Design and procure in an hour

2. Manufacture and assemble in days
3. Benchmark portfolio performance over years
Step 1 - Design + procure in an hour
Digital configurator
A digital configurator is a database of standard components and

elements, with customisable options specific to the asset type.
For example: Ikea use a similar tool for their kitchens with,a
range of user-customisable options (worktops, appliances,
doors, handles) based on standard mass-manufactured
carcasses that are scalable to suit kitchen size and layout. 1. Design + procure
BMW allow prospective customers to specify a number of in an hour
options - colours, trim, engine options etc. - based on a range of
standard model chassis.
The intelligent algorithm within the configurator will offers the
relevant options consistent with the asset type. 2. Manufacture +
For example, choosing a type of road will limit the signage, assemble in
vehicle restraints, technology and gantries to those relevant to a days
road type.
These features will differ from e.g. a Smart Motorways project
to piece of work on an existing ‘A’ road. 3. Benchmark
The algorithm will allow the asset to be configured based on portfolio
the surrounding network, length, local topography, number of performance
lanes etc. and include relevant ancillary features relevant to the over years
asset type.
cont’d
64 65
Simplifying what we buy and how we buy it cont’d
Virtual marketplace Step 2 - Manufacture and assemble in days
The virtual-marketplace is the key customer interface in which the With the scope agreed, the procurement route chosen and the
digital configurator sits. supplier selected, the digital configurator will electronically
The digital configurator is embedded in a virtual marketplace generate the component lists which will be fed to the factory
from the algorithm can produce the basic design pre-options, facilities for production.
together with a nominal Base Price. In parallel, traditional site preparation can commence -
Within the marketplace, the client can add their options. They earthworks, foundations etc, so the site is ready to receive the
can choose the external cladding type based on a number of components.
architectural options, the floor and wall finishes etc. All of these In addition to the manufactured components, connections,
options, much like a BMW configurator - will show how they add building services etc required for the structure, the configurator
to the Base Price. can generate the plant and equipment needed for assembly and
When configuration is complete, the client can ‘add to basket’ temporary site logistics - messing, offices etc - again drawn from
and then shop for more, or proceed to Check Out standard, re-usable units appropriate to location and scale of the
facility.
Check out
Step 3 - Benchmark portfolio performance over years
Checking out launches the procurement process. At this
stage, the client knows his ‘should cost’ for his scheme with Data will be collected from in service performance to ensure
options. How the market can and will supply this depends on his outputs and outcomes are delivered across the network or
operational model. estate.
At a simple level, the options could range from ‘Manufacture Data can inform strategic interventions for maintenance and
and Assemble’, to ‘Finance, Manufacture, Assemble and operational effectiveness and be used to ensure appropriate
Operate’. strategic spares are held to service the needs of the network or
The market place - of approved suppliers and products - then estate.
offers to provide the service requested. Output from the data and benchmarking will be used to refine
The agreed supplier, then moves to Step 2. and optimise the designs and methodologies and to inform
decisions taken at the front end of new projects.
cont’d
66 67
Prototyping
Parametric
Data analysis
components

Design
workflows models
Collaborative
working
Digital
Component
delivery creation
Configuration
strategy
Supply chain
mapping
Process
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery controls
Prototyping
The transformation programme aspirations, and the analysis done

to date, suggest that the transformation programme should be
delivered using a limited number of relatively simple components,
developed in such a way that they can be procured at low cost but
consistent quality from a wide supply chain.
Once the repeatable elements have been identified and
described, the BIM library objects can be used collaboratively by
the project team to establish an installation sequence that is much
more like factory assembly than traditional construction, creating
the potential for: Virtual + physical prototypes for
Elizabeth Line passenger tunnel
lining
Standardising working;
Capturing and incrementally improvement of best in class
methodologies;
Using a non-traditional workforce specifically trained in
installing the proposed solution.
For certain critical and highly repeated elements, the benefits of

refining and perfecting them are enormous; any improvements that
are made as a result of this process will be multiplied across the
programme. Any issues that arise through failure to prototype will
conversely appear numerous times.
In the development of industrialised products, the purpose of a
prototype is:
Testing and trialling a new design;

Testing and optimising installation or construction sequences;
Identifying and opportunities to refine the and improve the
proposed design, installation etc. before commencing large
scale manufacture.
cont’d
70 71
Prototyping cont’d
The ultimate aim is risk reduction, by learning as much as possible

from the prototype in a controlled environment, off the project
critical path, to inform the development of the production run of
the system or element.
There are varying degrees of prototype, which provide differing
levels of feedback and learning but have commensurate levels of
time and cost associated with them, including:
Digital (virtual) prototypes;

Physical prototype
Virtual prototypes
These are developed in sophisticated software packages that

allow a wide range of analysis to be carried out without ever
producing a physical element. Product design software allows
the digital components to have real properties such as density to
allow analysis including:
Mass and centre of gravity (for e.g. craneage studies);

Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA);
Computational fluid dynamics.
The result is an holistic virtual build can be iteratively used to refine

the solution by:
Developing a model of a sample section of the initial industrial

design concept;
Developing the model to include construction sequence,
program, supply chain and resulting costing modelling;
Filtering the model to determine quantities, program, site labour
histograms etc.;
Assessing the outcomes of the virtual build against local
benchmark norms for cost and against aesthetic and quality
issues;
Considering modifications to the components on the
component deployment and assembly techniques in response.
cont’d
72 73
Prototyping cont’d
Physical prototype
Physical prototypes
developed for a
This is a full or partial section of an element or assembly, usually at number of projects
full scale and using the final proposed materials. A prototype can + sectors
be used to test the physical characteristic of an element or system,
including installation. Prototypes are typically created for learning
purposes only, not for deploying in a live environment. Significant
issues may be identified in the creation of a prototype.
The benefits of creating physical prototypes are particularly
high for large scale programmes project - before embarking on a
process of delivering a major piece of infrastructure, a relatively
small prototype could be used to:
Demonstrate the delivery system in practice;

Optimise the assembly sequence and create installation /
health + safety guides;
Provide detailed data regarding assembly to inform
construction programmes, logistics planning etc. with a
relatively high degree of certainty (compared to current efforts
which are necessarily based on assumptions);
Provide training for assembly crews, crane operatives etc.
Benefits include:
Better, more targeted engagement of suppliers as the required

end product will be extremely well understood and defined;
More objective assessment of suppliers as the quality of their
products can be measured against a known standard;
Greater consistency across work faces - labour teams will be
able to work on multiple sites the methods of construction will
be identical ;
Assembly teams can be trained using the prototype before
going on site, productivity on site will be high from day 1 (no
learning curve on actual construction)
Greater opportunity for measuring progress on site, creating
feedback loops and driving continual improvement.
74 75
Process prototyping
Process prototypes are well established in other industries

such as aerospace, manufacturing or defence. Those sectors
rely on virtual prototypes to verify and validate processes prior
the physical commission of the equipment. The virtual process
prototype allows:
Rapid testing of different manufacturing sequences under a

full scale production scenario;
Optimum utilisation of resources, material and equipment;
Elimination of physical collisions with civil structure; Virtual prototype within the
Identification and mitigation of potential process capability immersive CAVE (Cave
Automatic Virtual Environment)
issues (i.e. time, cost and quality);
at The Manufacturing
Reduction of commissioning time and installation time; Technology Centre (MTC) in
Validation of robotic paths and programmable logic controller Coventry
programs;
Identification and mitigation of ergonomic and health and
safety issues; Production line virtual prototype
(courtesy of The Manufacturing
Quicker natural interpretation for better informed decisions; Technology Centre)
Replacement of expensive full scale prototypes;
Operator training;
Optimization of design for manufacture / assembly (Design
for ‘x’);
Bespoke tooling, jigs and fixtures can be identified
Companies in those industries have benefited from using virtual

prototypes to optimise their manufacturing processes before the
physical installation and achieving, in some cases, significant
figures:
Reduction of 25% on annual operational costs;

Reduction of 80% on capital equipment;
Increase utilisation of resources by 20%;
De-risked strategy through simulation techniques;
Part count reduced by 30%;
Assembly cycle time reduced by 27%;
Variable volume and product assembly process;
Reduced facility commissioning time;
cont’d
76 77
Process prototyping cont’d
Virtual prototype testing View inside the MTC CAVE

Companies also run pilot processes after the virtual prototype production line configuration
validation in order to test and trial, within a controlled production
environment, the future manufacturing process. This enables
companies to:
Identify potential capability issues and mitigate them prior

escalating to full production; All images on this page courtesy
Test and debug different line configurations or set ups without of The Manufacturing
having to disrupt other productions areas; Technology Centre
Optimise the manufacturing line prior full scale-production.
Virtual prototype of a laser Process simulation

welding cell
Assessment of worker’s visibility Engineering review of a

using a virtual prototype component using Virtual Reality
78 79
Supply chain mapping
Parametric
Data analysis
components

Design
workflows models
Collaborative
working
Digital
Component
delivery creation
Configuration
strategy
Supply chain Process

mapping
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery controls
Supply chain mapping
The use of an industrialised approach allows the supply chain

to be treated very differently than in traditional construction.
For instance, manufactured products are often made many
thousands of miles away from their point of use; value is created 01
Plant Module
02
Stair Core
03
Lift Shaft
04
Corridor Module
05
Floor and facade
06
Bathroom Pod
07
Prefabricated Riser
08
Facia Panel
09
External Wall
where operatives are low cost and abundant. This is further Construction skill
component
enhanced by ensuring that manufactured products can be

assembled by low skilled personnel, making the supply chain as
wide (and therefore as competitive) as possible; this may extend
to non-construction companies.
The diagrams on the right are a typical output of an
assessment of the components required to create a roll out
programme. This assessment could be developed specifically
for the transformation project at the next stage (as part of the
standardisation and optimisation exercise).
In particular, the ability to develop components using low Complex Simple
skilled labour could facilitate the use of prisoner population

manufacturing capability, or e.g. using the workforce in Scotland
who traditionally work in the oil + gas sector.
Once the design analysis is complete, it will be necessary
to start identifying supply chain partners for the delivery of the
scheme. This assessment may be far-ranging and will consider
components in terms of:
S ize;
Weight;
Complexity.
Component assessment
- potential for using low
skilled operatives
cont’d
82 83
Supply chain mapping cont’d
The design of the repeatable elements can then be refined in line

with supply chain capability and capacity. By working with and
designing towards a supply chain the benefits of their existing
skills can be optimised, with benefits to cost and quality. 01
Plant Module
02
Stair Core
03
Lift Shaft
04
Corridor Module
05
Floor and facade
06
Bathroom Pod
07
Prefabricated Riser
08
Facia Panel
09
External Wall
Outcomes should include: Weight

component
Width
Extremely wide, and therefore resilient, supply chain for

Complexity
all major components with good regional coverage for all

sites (e.g. value mapping shows %age of overall value to
be delivered within known km radius of sites) to maintain
commercial advantage and minimising transport and logistics
costs;
Ability to utilise a number of small companies rather than rely
on large, single source suppliers;
Ability to manufacture complex components where specialised Site 5km 20km 50km 100km
skills exist, but use local labour for final on site assembly.
By working with, where appropriate, supply chain partners

the components can be developed to a fit-for-fabrication or
manufacture stage.
With input from the MTC to drive enhanced manufacture
processes, benefits could include:
Trade contractor drawings virtually eliminated - where possible

all coordination takes place using aggregated models;
Clashes are detected and resolved within the digital
environment well before fabrication commences;
All interfaces fully resolved digitally;
Fabrication models are used for the virtual building exercises Component assessment
described later in this document; - potential for creating
Impacts of proposed changes assessed using updated value remotely from site
models to provide clearly understood;
As built models readily assembled from the fabrication
models;
The aggregated models are ready to be populated with O+M /
FM data.
84 85
Training
Parametric
Data analysis
components

Design
workflows models
Collaborative
working
Digital
Component
delivery creation
Configuration
strategy
Supply chain
Process
mapping
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery controls
Skills scenarios
High
Adopting DfMA strategy will necessitate a significant growth in
manufacturing skills, requiring new apprenticeships and training
regimes.
The matrix on the right references the characteristics that
were described earlier, showing the skills requirements for each.
While componentised and volumetric solutions require a Volumetric Manufactured
Proportion of pre-manufactured value

hybrid of traditional and off-site skills, a manufactured solution
will require factory-based and assembly skills, plus better Hybrid – New skills coefficients –
logistics planning etc. Traditional + off-site Factory + assembly
This could be further enhanced by ensuring that manufactured
products can be assembled by low skilled personnel.
This could certainly facilitate the use of apprentices as
described in HM Treasury’s report ‘Fixing the Foundations’.
This approach could also make use of lower skilled, local
labour on individual site, to carry out standardised tasks
alongside more skilled operatives.
Large scale infrastructure programmes offer the potential for
using existing or enhanced manufacturing capability; delivery
systems could be designed to use simple but highly repeated
components that could be made by very low skilled operatives.
Traditional Components
Some of the methodologies for delivering digitally enabled Normal labour Hybrid –
compnent-based solutions are considered on the pages that coefficients Off-site + Traditional
follow.
Low
Low Proportion of projects using High
modern methods of construction
88 89
Advanced construction training
PRE ASSEMBLED
PRE ASSEMBLED
PRE ASSEMBLED ROOFROOF
CASSETTE
CASSETTE
ROOF CASSETTE
CENTRAL
CENTRAL
CEILING
CEILING
BARCKETS
BARCKETS
CENTRAL CEILING BARCKETS AND CABLE
AND CABLE
BASKETS,
BASKETS,
MODULAR
MODULAR
AND CABLE BASKETS, MODULAR WIRING
WIRING
BOX BOX
WIRING BOX
Another step in ensuring high productivity and safety on site

is using all of the technology that is available for the training of
operatives. Virtual prototypes can be used to train operatives in
the assembly of components, sub-assemblies and entire projects
LIFTING
LIFTING
BRACKET
BRACKET
LIFTING BRACKET
CHILLED
CHILLED
BEAMBEAM
SERVICE
SERVICE
LADDER
LADDER
in a very safe and low-cost environment before they are allowed

CHILLED BEAM SERVICE LADDER FIXING
FIXING
4No M5.5
4NoTEKSCREWS
M5.5 TEKSCREWS
FIXING 4No M5.5 TEKSCREWS WITH WITH
24MM,24MM,
1.6MM1.6MM
THICKTHICK
WASHER
WASHER
WITH 24MM, 1.6MM THICK WASHER
to enter the relatively higher-risk live environment of a site.

Installation sequences can be tested and optimised so that time CENTRAL CEILING
PANEL
CENTRAL CEILING
CENTRAL
PANELPANEL
CEILING
on site is not spent in working out problems. PRE ASSEMBLED CEILING

PRE ASSEMBLED CEILING
There are a range of tools and outputs to do this, including:

PRE ASSEMBLED CEILING PANELS WITH WITH
PANELS LIGHTLIGHT
FIT- FIT-
PANELS WITH LIGHT FIT- TINGSTINGS
TINGS
‘ Ikea’ style diagrams;

Animations;
Training guides;
Oculus Rift training programmes;
Daily tool box talks using the BIM models ahead of a work
Extract from an
shift on site to talk operatives through the work ahead, point assembly guide
out particular health and safety issues and ensure everyone is
clear on the tasks; ROOF CASSETTE
LIFTED AND
ROTATED
ROOFROOF
LIFTED
CASSETTE
LIFTED
ROTATED
CASSETTE
AND AND
ROTATED
V isual method statements accessed via QR codes attached

to the physical components at point of work;
MINERAL WOOLWOOL
MINERAL FOLDED CHANNEL
FOLDED CHANNEL
MINERAL WOOL INSULATION FOLDED CHANNEL
INSULATION FOAMGLAS
FOAMGLAS
INSULATION FOAMGLAS
PLYWOOD AYRSHIREFRAME
PLYWOOD AYRSHIREFRAME
PLYWOOD AYRSHIREFRAME PREASSEMBLED OFFLINE
PREASSEMBLED OFFLINE
PREASSEMBLED OFFLINE
Oculus Rift goggles

used for virtual ROOFING MEMBRANE
ROOFING MEMBRANE
ROOFING MEMBRANE
induction cont’d CORNER EXTRUSION

CORNER EXTRUSION
CORNER EXTRUSION
90 91
Z-BRACKETS TO TO
Z-BRACKETS
Z-BRACKETS TO LOCATE PLYWOOD
LOCATE PLYWOOD
LOCATE PLYWOOD
Advanced construction training cont’d
As well as increasing the productivity of operatives, these

methods offer the possibility of using low skilled operatives to
deliver high quality buildings.
Bryden Wood have many years of experience in using
unskilled labour to create quite complex projects. For the
Heathrow and Gatwick Pier segregations modules the initial
projects were assembled using traditional site based personnel,
relocated to a factory. However, as the installation sequences
became optimised and better documented, we were able to take
unemployed people with no previous experience and train them
to assemble these modules. The result for the client was a labour
cost that was reduced by 75%.
For the GlaxoSmithKline ‘Factory in a Box’ we have
successfully used non-construction operatives (ex-Army
servicemen) to deliver the project. During the assembly process
17% of the operational hours were expended on briefing, training
etc. but the project was delivered with a 60% programme saving
a 75% reduction in workforce.
These training programmes can be extended beyond
construction operatives (how to build a facility) to staff (how to
work in and operate the facility). For example, for GSK we have
developed a virtual induction – operatives ‘walk’ through the
model, select appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE)
and answer questions on safety before they can enter their work
area.
By ensuring that the correct information is available directly
when required, there will be significant benefits in terms of
operative safety and productivity.
Middle:
Screen shot
from training
video
Right: 12x
Hexagon Socket
Head Cap Screw
ISO 4762 - M6 x 40
Structural 3x
Shear Box
Machined Steel.

system
BWM-7004-MFR-010.
6x
Maxifix E capped
connecting bolts
262.87.781
- training
manual
1x
Drawing File: <FILENAME> : Assembly File : Primary Frame Component.iam
Aluminium Frame Extrusion

BWM-7004-MFR-001
BWM-7004-MFR-002
Primary Frame Component 1x

1. Attach the steel plate to the aluminium Steel Plate
extrusion using the M6 countersunk BWM-7004-MFR-009.
screws.
2. Align and position the Maxifix E
6x
capped bolts into the shear box. Hexagon Socket
3. Attach the shear box to the aluminium Countersunk Head Screw
frame using M6 socket head screws.
ISO 10642 - M6 x 20
92 93
Data-driven delivery controls
Parametric
Data analysis
components

Design
workflows models
Collaborative
working
Digital
Component
delivery creation
Configuration
strategy
Supply chain
Process
mapping
Assembly Training
Data-driven
delivery
controls
Data driven quality checking
The use of point cloud surveys allows pre-coordination checks

to be carried out between the as built context and elements that
have yet to be installed.
For the tunnel lining to the Elizabeth Line stations automated
analysis was developed whereby point cloud surveys from Automated colour filtering comparing ‘as built’
point cloud survey data against ‘as designed’
completed sections of the tunnel were combined with and BIM model to identify out of tolerance areas and
compared to the as designed model for compliance validation. setting out a strategy for overcoming the
The variance between the two models is colour filtered as non-conformance.
shown in the images on the right, showing areas where:
The as built tunnel is within acceptable tolerance;

The tunnel is out of tolerance, but this can be accommodated
by minor, local adjustments to the components;
Where the out of tolerance is unacceptable and will require
local adjustment to the tunnel (scabbling back).
Outcomes and benefits include:
Issues such as out-of-tolerance or non-compliant installation

identified and documented as construction progresses;
Pro-active management and control of issues identified rather
than site operatives unilaterally deciding on a course of action
(e.g. forcing elements to fit, or locally modifying elements
without proper management / design / documentation and
understanding knock on effects);
Precise coordination of elements that are still in design stage
with the actual as built context in which they will be installed;
Ability to mass customise off site fabricated elements to a suit
as-built structure (for precise installation);
Reduced delays (and knock on effects of teams being unable
to progress) leading to greater programme certainty;
Reduced rework;
Increased productivity;
Better documentation of as-built asset for future maintenance,
refurbishment or re-purposing;
Ability to adopt DfMA in a wide range of contexts that might
otherwise be prohibitively complicated.
96 97
Data driven manufacture
Linking modelling tools direct to manufacturing processes is a

very powerful way of increasing productivity by eliminating e.g.
the need to output and check drawings, reduce the possibility of
errors being introduced and facilitating mass customisation.
The manufacture of the complex moulds for the tunnel lining Above:
sections to the Elizabeth Line stations was undertaken by CNC Authoring software component ‘tree’ showing
(computer numerical control) milling machines linked directly to nesting of assemblies and sub assemblies
Below:
the design model. Complex mould for a tunnel lining element, milled
directly from the model by CNC machine.
98 99
building
Type 01: (detail
To be developed in
unknown)
line Contractor
with design to
proposals
allow
shownaccordingly.
on drawings:
19030-XX-DE-215-000016
19030-XX-DE-215-000017
19030-XX-DE-215-000018
Highlighted Module
Type 02: To be
developed by sub-
Detailed construction + logistics planning

contractor and submitted
for approval.
Type 03: To existing

building (detail
unknown) Contractor to
allow accordingly.
This drawing may contain Ordnance Mastermap and Raster data.
OS Copyright Acknowledgement.
Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO. © Crown
HighlightedCopyright
Moduleand database right. All rights reserved. LHR Airports Limited, O.S.
Licence Number AL100020071.
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION LEGEND:
HAZARD CONTROL AND

IDENTIFICATION MITIGATION
(if none state MEASURES
'none relevant')
Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO. © Crown
Copyright and database right. All rights reserved. LHR Airports Limited, O.S.
LicenceNo roof access
Number AL100020071. No access requirements
2.0 05/12/14 P4 for Construction
strategy SGin final condition.
1.0 20/08/14 Issued at R2 for Review JJ
Contractor to develop
Ver Date Description of Change Drn
temporary access strategy
for installation.
HAZARD CONTROL AND
info@brydenwood.co.uk
www.brydenwood.co.uk
London WC1X 8AL UK
Bryden Wood Limited
(if none state
+44 (0)207 253 4772

MEASURES
100 Gray’s Inn Road

'none relevant')
NOTE:
Hazards listed above are only those
considered
No roof access
significant risks and: No access requirements
2.0 05/12/14
strategy
P4 for ConstructionOS Copyright Acknowledgement.
SG
in final condition.
1.0 20/08/14 Issued ata)
R2 for not likely to be obviousContractor
Reproduced by permissionJJof
Review to a competentto develop
Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO. © Crown
Key
Ver PlanDate Description of Change temporary
Copyright and database right.
Drn access
All rights reserved. strategy
LHR Airports Limited, O.S.
contractor or other
Licence Number designers;
AL100020071.
for installation.
b) unusual; or
c) likely to be difficult to manage effectively
As the installation of the DfMA or off site elements becomes

Legend
London WC1X 8AL UK

Bryden Wood Limited
+44 (0)207 253 4772

NOTE: HAZARD CONTROL AND
Type 01: To be developed in
increasingly efficient, their interaction with other systems will

line with design proposals
considered (if none state MEASURES
shown
'none on drawings:
relevant')
significant risks and: 19030-XX-DE-215-000016
19030-XX-DE-215-000017
a) not likely 19030-XX-DE-215-000018
to be obvious to a competent
become critical i.e. the programme benefits that off site brings
Key Plan
Noor
contractor roof access
other designers; No access requirements
b) unusual;strategy
or in final condition.
c) Type
likely to be 02: To
difficult to be Contractor to develop
manage effectively
developed by sub- temporary access strategy
contractor and submitted for installation.
will be lost if the remainder of the construction process cannot

for approval.
Legend
Type 03: To
Type 01:
building
To existing
be developed in
(detail proposals 37
keep up.
line with design
shown on drawings:
© LHR Airports Limited NOTE:
Scale
allow accordingly.
19030-XX-DE-215-000016
1 : 50
Project Name
Hazards
Heathrow
listed above are only those
19030-XX-DE-215-000017
Project No.
B116 T3 Security Capacity considered
19030-XX-DE-215-000018
B116000
It will therefore be important to optimise and rehearse and site

Highlighted
significant Module
risks and:
Title
B116 T3 Security Capacity a)Typenot02: To be

likely to be obvious to a competent
Components developed
contractorby or
sub-
other designers;
VCC Construction Sequence b) unusual; or
assembly sequence to ensure that the full benefits are leveraged.

for approval.
Sheet 01 c) likely to be difficult to manage effectively
37
Company Drawn By Chk/Approved Drawn Date Status
BWL JJ TR 20/08/14 P4
building (detail
Legend
Evidence from analysis across a major government

Location-Level-Sub Series/System-Identifier Version
19030-XX-DE-215-000014
© LHR Airports Limited
allow accordingly.
Scale Type 01: To be developed in
2.0
OS Copyright Acknowledgement. 1 : 50 line with design proposals
zz12_V7_0_baa-a1l-s Document
Reproduced
Project Uncontrolled
Name by When Survey
permission of Ordnance Printed
on behalf of HMSO. A1©Landscape
ISOHeathrow Crown
Project No.
shown on drawings:
Copyright and database right. All rights reserved. LHR Airports Limited, O.S.
B116 T3 Security Capacity B116000
Highlighted Module
department’s capital project programme shows that the most

Licence Number AL100020071. 19030-XX-DE-215-000016
Title
19030-XX-DE-215-000017
B116 T3 Security Capacity 19030-XX-DE-215-000018
Components
significant causes of low productivity are:

VCC Construction Sequence Type 02: To be
Sheet 01 developed by sub-
HAZARD contractor and submitted
Company Drawn By Chk/Approved CONTROL
Drawn Date AND
Status
IDENTIFICATION MITIGATION for approval.
BWL JJ TR 20/08/14 P4
(if none state
Location-Level-Sub Series/System-Identifier
MEASURES
Version
'none relevant')
19030-XX-DE-215-000014 2.0Type 03: To existing
building (detail
No and
Uncontrolled
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roofdatabase
access
When Survey
No LHR
access ISO A1©Landscape
on behalf of HMSO.
requirements
Crown
allow accordingly.
perational stoppage;
O
Copyright right. All rights reserved. Airports Limited, O.S.
strategy
Licence Number AL100020071. in final condition.
2.0 05/12/14 P4 for Construction SG
Ver
temporary
Date
access strategy Highlighted
Description of ChangeModule Drn
for installation.
Labour shortage;
HAZARD CONTROL AND

London WC1X 8AL UK
Lack of materials;
(if none state
Bryden Wood Limited

MEASURES
+44 (0)207 253 4772

NOTE:
'none relevant')
considered
significant risks and:
Lack of design information.

No roof access No access requirements
strategy 2.0 in final condition.
05/12/14 P4 for Construction SG
a) not likely to be obvious to a competent
1.0 Contractor
20/08/14 to develop Issued at R2 for Review JJ
contractor or other Ver
designers;
Date
temporary Description of Change
access strategy Drn
Key Plan
b) unusual; or for installation.
London WC1X 8AL UK
To leverage the full benefits of DfMA, then, site installation must
Bryden Wood Limited
+44 (0)207 253 4772

Legend
NOTE:
Hazards listedType
above
01:are
To only those in
be developed
considered line with design proposals
be highly productive and well planned.

significant risks and: on drawings:
shown
19030-XX-DE-215-000016
a) not likely 19030-XX-DE-215-000017
contractor19030-XX-DE-215-000018
or other Key
designers;
Plan
b) unusual; or 2.0 05/12/14 P4 for Construction SG
The advanced use of BIM generates highly accurate (in

Type 02: To be Ver Date Description of Change Drn
developed by sub-
for approval.
some cases fabrication quality) representations of the final Legend
London WC1X 8AL UK
Bryden Wood Limited
building
Type 01: (detail
To be developed in
+44 (0)207 253 4772

unknown) Contractor
line with design to
proposals
building. This will allow virtual build exercises which will be used
© LHR Airports Limited Scale
allow
shownaccordingly.
on drawings: 1 : 50
19030-XX-DE-215-000016
Project Name Heathrow Project No.
19030-XX-DE-215-000017
B116 T3 Security Capacity B116000
19030-XX-DE-215-000018
Highlighted Module
Title
to optimise assembly sequence, test health + safety aspects

B116 T3 Security Capacity
Type 02: To be
Components Key Plan
developed by sub-
contractor VCC Construction Sequence
and submitted
Sheet 01
and create highly detailed assembly manuals and installation

for approval.
BWL JJ TR 20/08/14 P4
Location-Level-Sub Series/System-Identifier Version
building (detail
This drawing may contain Ordnance Mastermap and Raster data. Scale
unknown) 19030-XX-DE-215-000014 2.0
programmes.
©
Contractor
LHR AirportstoLimited
1 : 50
allow accordingly. OS Copyright
Project Name Acknowledgement. Heathrow Project No.
Reproduced by
B116 Uncontrolled
T3andSecurity CapacityWhen Survey
on behalf of HMSO. A1©Landscape
ISOB116000 Crown
Copyright database right. All rights reserved. LHR Airports Limited, O.S.
Licence Number AL100020071.
Title
Highlighted Module
B116 T3 Security Capacity
Components
VCC Construction Sequence
Sheet 01
Activities
HAZARD CONTROL AND
BWL JJ TR 20/08/14 P4
(if none state
Location-Level-Sub Series/System-Identifier MEASURES Version
19030-XX-DE-215-000014
'none relevant') 2.0
Reproduced by Uncontrolled When Survey
permission of Ordnance Printed ISO A1©Landscape
on behalf of HMSO. Crown
Copyright and database right. All rights reserved. LHR Airports Limited, O.S. Scale
LicenceNo roof ©
Number access
LHR Airports Limited
AL100020071. No access requirements
2.0 05/12/14 P4 for Construction
strategy SGin final condition. 1 : 50
Include install time (i.e. ‘when’) and duration (‘how long’) as

1.0 20/08/14 Project Name
Issued at R2 for Review JJ Heathrow Project No.
Ver Date B116 T3 Security Drn
Description of Change Capacity B116000 temporary access strategy
Title
for installation.
HAZARD
B116IDENTIFICATION LEGEND:
T3 Security Capacity
attributes in the models to enable the following:

Components
HAZARD CONTROL AND
London WC1X 8AL UK
(if noneSheet
state 01
Bryden Wood Limited
+44 (0)207 253 4772

MEASURES

'none relevant')
NOTE:BWL JJ TR 20/08/14 P4
HazardsLocation-Level-Sub
listed above Series/System-Identifier
are only those Version
considered
No roof 19030-XX-DE-215-000014
access
significant risks and: No access requirements 2.0
2.0 05/12/14
strategy
P4 for ConstructionOS Copyright Acknowledgement.
SG
in final condition.
L inking the programme to the model so that the build

zz12_V7_0_baa-a1l-s 1.0 20/08/14 Issued ata) Document
R2 for not Reproduced by
likely to be
Review obviousContractor
Uncontrolled
permissionJJof
to When
Ordnance to develop
Printed
Survey
a competent ISO A1©Landscape
on behalf of HMSO. Crown
Key
Ver PlanDate Description of Change Drntemporary
Copyright and database right. access
All rights reserved. strategy
LHR Airports Limited, O.S.
contractor or other
Licence Number designers;
AL100020071.
for installation.
b) unusual; or
sequence can be shown in a clear visual manner; HAZARD IDENTIFICATION LEGEND:
London WC1X 8AL UK
Bryden Wood Limited
+44 (0)207 253 4772

Legend HAZARD
NOTE: CONTROL AND
Testing construction sequences and scenarios;

Hazards listedIDENTIFICATION
above are only those MITIGATION
considered (ifTypenone01:
state
To be developed in MEASURES
'none
line
significant risks relevant')
with
and: design proposals
shown on drawings:
Assessing and improving health + safety impacts

a) not likely 19030-XX-DE-215-000016
No
contractor 19030-XX-DE-215-000017
roof
or access
other designers; No access requirements
Key Plan 19030-XX-DE-215-000018 in final condition.
b) unusual;strategy
or
c) Contractor to develop
likely to be difficult to manage effectively
Type 02: To be temporary access strategy
developed by sub- for installation.
for approval.
Legend
Type 03: To
be developed in
building (detail
line with design proposals
© LHR Airports Limited NOTE:
Scale
1 : 50 on drawings:
shown
Project Name
Hazards
allow listed above are only those
accordingly.
19030-XX-DE-215-000016
Heathrow Project No.
B116 T3 Security Capacity considered
B116000
19030-XX-DE-215-000017
Title
significant risks and:
19030-XX-DE-215-000018
Highlighted Module
cont’d
B116 T3 Security Capacity a) not likely to be obvious to a competent
Components Type 02: To be
contractor or other designers;
VCC Construction Sequence b)developed
unusual; byorsub-
Sheet 02 c)contractor
likely toand
be submitted
difficult to manage effectively
for approval.
100 101 Company

BWL
Drawn By
JJ
Location-Level-Sub Series/System-Identifier
Chk/Approved
TR
Drawn Date
20/08/14 P4
Type 03:Version
To existing
Status
building (detail
Legend
19030-XX-DE-215-000015
© LHR Airports Limited 2.0
unknown)
Contractor to
Scale
1 : 50accordingly.
allow
Project Name Uncontrolled When Printed ISOHeathrow Project Type
A1 Landscape No. 01: To be developed in
B116 T3 Security Capacity B116000 line with design proposals
shown on drawings:
Title Highlighted Module
19030-XX-DE-215-000016
B116 T3 Security Capacity 19030-XX-DE-215-000017
Components 19030-XX-DE-215-000018
Sheet 02 Type 02: To be
Detailed construction + logistics planning cont’d
35
Interface and collaborate with Tier delivery 30
partners regarding: 25
20
Planning logistics (placement of cranes and hoists, delivery of 15
materials vs. programme etc.); 10
Planning and optimising temporary works; 5
Progress reporting from site, planned vs. actual progress, time 0

0 1440 2880 4320 5760 7200 8640
slice reports etc.
Outcome - Pre-construction
Programme and construction sequence tested virtually to

create optimised programme;
Critical path identified and protected;
Logistics plans tested for difficult parts of the programme;
Health and safety reviews carried out for complicated build
sequences;
Temporary works erection and removal tested against
permanent works.
Quantitative Model
SITE Operatives On Site
Outcome - Construction phase
2009
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2009 2010 2011
Installation Bathroom Pods 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 13 13 13 22 29 33 33 35 37 37 39 43 45 39 36 36 38 38 33 27 22 28 28 29 34 34 34 36 37 44 46 44 43 44 46 55 64 62 62 65 53 58 58 60 55 50 44 43 41 41 36 28 26 15 17 16 14 14 11 11 7 7 11 11 5 10 10 10 10 8 8 8 5 5 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Installation Utility Pods 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 7 7 7 13 19 22 22 23 24 24 26 28 29 26 25 25 26 26 23 18 13 16 16 17 20 20 19 20 21 24 26 25 24 26 27 35 40 38 38 38 32 34 34 36 32 29 26 25 25 25 22 17 16 10 11 9 8 8 6 6 4 4 6 6 3 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
M&E Services at High Level 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 12 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 16 16 11 12 10 12 11 11 13 15 18 24 22 30 36 36 39 40 41 42 31 31 33 33 33 34 37 40 40 41 47 47 48 48 49 47 48 48 48 50 40 48 48 48 48 47 47 45 39 39 39 33 30 30 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 32 32 29 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 21 20 15 15 15 15 15 13 12 12 11 11 10 9 7 6 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Partitions First and Second Fix and M&E Interfaces 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 10 10 19 25 34 34 36 47 48 48 53 55 57 59 59 60 65 66 67 68 70 78 78 79 79 91 91 91 92 92 92 98 98 97 93 96 94 ## ## 87 90 87 87 84 84 88 85 82 79 77 73 71 59 57 55 55 55 50 50 50 46 46 46 45 51 37 34 26 26 26 25 25 21 20 20 19 19 16 15 12 11 3 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Construction status fed back to the models for visual reporting;

M&E at High Level Handover 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 11 11 13 19 26 33 35 43 45 45 47 50 55 59 62 63 70 71 72 74 75 84 84 85 85 96 97 97 98 98 98 ## ## ## 97 98 95 ## ## 88 91 91 88 85 85 90 87 83 80 77 76 73 63 61 58 58 58 53 53 53 48 48 48 47 45 38 35 27 27 27 26 26 22 21 21 20 20 17 16 13 12 4 4 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ceilings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 6 12 12 14 16 20 20 27 38 40 40 50 53 57 58 58 59 70 75 76 78 81 88 88 89 93 96 97 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## 99 97 97 97 93 94 91 88 84 88 68 66 63 63 63 58 58 58 56 56 56 51 50 48 45 30 30 30 29 29 25 23 23 22 22 19 17 14 13 4 4 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Initial Fitting Out 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 7 14 14 16 19 24 24 27 35 37 37 49 52 63 70 70 71 81 89 91 92 97 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## 89 86 83 68 68 61 71 71 70 70 70 69 72 66 55 45 45 45 34 34 29 27 27 25 25 22 20 16 15 5 5 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Final Fitting Out & Final Fix 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 5 5 5 5 12 24 24 29 33 42 42 47 62 65 65 70 76 80 83 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## 88 88 86 86 51 47 47 45 45 39 36 29 26 9 9 5 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Final Testing and Pre-commissioning 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 6 12 12 14 16 21 21 23 30 32 32 34 38 39 41 41 42 45 49 56 62 73 79 82 83 83 92 96 99 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## 82 79 70 65 81 81 81 75 66 66 47 47 47 55 53 52 49 55 55 55 54 44 40 38 38 22 22 19 18 14 13 4 4 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Snagging, De-snagging & Cleaning
Feedback loops in place to identify activities which are creating

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 9 9 11 12 16 16 17 23 24 24 26 29 30 31 31 32 34 37 38 43 51 59 59 60 62 68 71 74 75 77 77 84 84 87 87 90 90 89 89 89 91 91 96 94 88 88 94 84 80 75 72 70 68 64 46 46 46 52 52 52 51 51 51 45 44 32 36 29 29 29 37 37 34 33 33 26 26 24 22 11 10 3 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Final Handover 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 28 28 34 34 39 39 43 49 52 57 57 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 68 68 68 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## 60 60 50 50 50 61 61 61 61 65 40 35 ## 98 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## 82 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1200
a barrier to timely delivery;

Installation Bathroom Pods
Installation Utility Pods
Accurate reporting and mitigation strategies for Early Warning M&E Services at High Level
Partitions First and Second Fix and M&E Interfaces

1000
Notices etc.; M&E at High Level Handover
Operatives on Site
800
Accurate forecasting for impacts of change.

Ceilings
Initial Fitting Out
Final Fitting Out & Final Fix

600
Final Testing and Pre-commissioning
Outcome - Handover Snagging, De-snagging & Cleaning
Final Handover 400
Plan commissioning activities, based on which systems are 200
interlinked and must be tested in a particular sequence etc.;

Optimise handover schedule; 0
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
51
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
51
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
51
Week Number
Review phased handover scenarios - testing which areas can
be made fully functioning and safe for the client to commence
fit out or occupation
102 103
Production Control + Collaboration Room
For Highways England, Bryden Wood have established a ‘Project

Control Room’ which brings together a range of models, data
and live mapping in formation to allow:
Decision making tools, for on site team, to resolve and

manage site activities and events, during the construction #2 #1 #2 #1 #2 #1
phase;
Visualization of ‘Event’ based data of actual site activity,
including operatives and resources;
Visualisation and analysis of relevant geo-spatial data sets
(current and historic, such as traffic flow data;
Automated reporting and communication of construction
processes and activities to Highways England and other The Map Wall The Data Wall The Model Wall
stakeholders.
Above:
Diagram showing the layout of the Production
The first Production Control was implemented on the Smart Control Room
Motorways project M1 Junction 23a to 25. Below:
Live Production Control Room being used for M1
Junction 23a to 25
Highways England have since installed a mirror site at their head-
quarters.
cont’d
104 105
Production Control + Collaboration Room cont’d
The Production Control Room provides a single version of the

truth: Online
sync
software Database
“Tableau”
All project data stored in shared location (rather than across sync
data
User
documents
multiple machines);
Open access to all relevant project data in digital form (rather
than printing drawings and using post-it notes); Database
“icosnet”
Desktop
Contextualise information dynamically, as needed (rather Computer
sync
than working from static, discrete and often superseded

files
User
documents). documents
magical
script
Provides access to planning data from all levels, in a coordinated

and interlinked way: PRODUCTION HUB CLOUD LOCAL MACHINES
High level Gantt chart and Tilos programme;

Three week look ahead;
Daily plan. Refresh diagram showing links
between the production hub and
project team local machines
Increased productivity across the project is facilitated via:
Live site access plans provided to ensure correct deliveries

are available at the right point on the site;
Operative training records available to better understand
available skills within teams;
View live traffic to understand accidents, incidents and
congestion;
Access up to date design information from a single location,
including drawings and model files;
Transparent reporting of progress and problems;
High level cost planning/ project spend tracked against
planned;
Environmental survey data viewable in the same context of the
design and construction activity;
4D model linked to construction programme, with detailed
studies of specific areas (including custom navigation for
ease of use).
106 107
The Map Wall
MAP DATA MODEL
The Map wall use cases include: Link (Chain Location)

Beyond Link 1
Beyond Link 5
Heat map of activity (e.g. hot / cold); Link 1
Link 2
Ability to see where gaps can be filled with other activities; Link 3
Improve customer perception - if we fill the gaps and always Link 4a

Link 4b
have people working; Open/Closed
Link all of the information related to the planning; Null

Closed
Ability to use the map for detailed planning activities; Not specified
Activities: Start, Finish, Resources (people and plant); Open
PROCEED WITH CAU..
Materials (continuous, single, take away);
Marker Post
Traffic Management; Null
Access Plan (entrance and exit point status); 181/3
181/8
Heat map of scheduled person/ gang locations, including 181/9
subcontractors and deliveries, to inform Works Access 182/0
182/9
Planning; 184/9
Delivery planning - when and where deliveries are taking Open/Closed

Null
place; Closed
Where clashes with other activities may occur; Not specified

Open
Daily activity status/ progress tracking; PROCEED WITH CAU..
What has been completed and what is outstanding; Access Name
Including not just works, but quality activities too. Null
N1A
N1E
N2A
N2E
N3A
108 109
The Data Wall
MAP DATA MODEL
Link
The Data wall use cases include: DATA-#1-B-01-Order vs Available
Item A Item B Item C Item D

Item
Item E Item F Item G Item H
DATA-#1-B-04-Order Status
Item
Item A
order ID
1
Link 1
Link 2
Link 3
Link 4a
250 2
Link 4b
7
Link 5
14
Item B 3
Adherence to programme;
200 5 Item
12
Item A
13
Item B
Learn from previous performance;

Item C 4
150 9 Item C
Value
10 Item D
Item D 6
Item E
Planned Percentage Complete (PPC);

8
100 Item F
11
15 Item G
Item E 16 Item H
Visibility of real progress vs. planned progress;

50 Item F 17
Item G 18 Resource
Item H 19 Item A
20 Item B
Weekly and monthly performance;

0 21 Item C
On order
Available
On order
Available
On order
Available
On order
Available
On order
Available
On order
Available
On order
Available
On order
Available
Feb 28 Mar 10 Mar 20 Mar 30 Apr 9 Apr 19 Apr 29 Item D
Item E
Order Date [2017] Item F
Trends around lack of adherence, learn from previous DATA-#1-B-02-Allocation - Planned vs Actual DATA-#1-B-03-Orders by Date/ Type/ Size
Item G
Item H
performance;
Link / Stage Delivery Date1
Qty1
Link 1 Link 2 Link 3 Link 4a Link 4b Link 5
1
20
5
Enable strategic level decision making; 1500 1500 10

15
Qty1
SUM([Qty])*30
21
SUM([Qty])
10
How much has been delivered vs. ordered;

1000 1000
Delivery Status
Future delivery
0 Late
Ability to see what has actually been delivered to the ganger,

500 500
On time
4/28/2017
4/2/2017
4/3/2017
4/7/2017
4/16/2017
4/18/2017
4/20/2017
4/21/2017
4/22/2017
4/23/2017
4/25/2017
4/10/2016
3/23/2017
3/24/2017
3/25/2017
3/28/2017
3/29/2017
3/30/2017
4/10/2017
Delivery benchmark Date
0 0 4/27/2017
and reorder quickly for the next day if needed; Planned Actual Planned Actual Planned Actual Planned Actual Planned Actual Planned Actual
Delivery management - when and where deliveries are taking

place?
See where deliveries are taking place and where clashes with DATA-#1-E-01-Planned activity by week (gang)
Gang
BASE Gang
other activities may occur;

Capping Beam
CCD Gang
300 Comms Ducting Gang
Concrete Repairs
Visibility of the amount of work completed vs. costed

Drainage Gang
Earthworks - FIll
Earthworks Chambe..
200
Earthworks Excavat..
(e.g. earthworks, sheet piling, 1000m clearance vs. 500m
Value
Earthworks Piling M..
Earthworks Sheet Pi..
ERA Gangs
clearance).
100 Ground Investigatio..
Link
Advance Site Works
Link 1
Link 2
0
Link 3
10-Apr-17
17-Apr-17
24-Apr-17
1-May-17
8-May-17
15-May-17
22-May-17
29-May-17
5-Jun-17
12-Jun-17
19-Jun-17
26-Jun-17
3-Jul-17
10-Jul-17
17-Jul-17
24-Jul-17
31-Jul-17
7-Aug-17
14-Aug-17
21-Aug-17
28-Aug-17
4-Sep-17
11-Sep-17
18-Sep-17
25-Sep-17
2-Oct-17
9-Oct-17
16-Oct-17
23-Oct-17
30-Oct-17
6-Nov-17
13-Nov-17
20-Nov-17
27-Nov-17
4-Dec-17
11-Dec-17
18-Dec-17
1-Jan-18
8-Jan-18
15-Jan-18
22-Jan-18
29-Jan-18
5-Feb-18
12-Feb-18
19-Feb-18
26-Feb-18
5-Mar-18
Link 4a
Link 4b
Link 5
Gang, Measure Names

DATA-#1-A-01-Actual vs Planned activity by week (gang) BASE Gang, Report..
Date BASE Gang, Unit Pla..

Capping Beam, Rep..
100
100 Capping Beam, Unit ..
Gang
80
80 BASE Gang
Reported actual
Capping Beam
Unit Planned
60 60
Date
40 40 5/22/2017 to 1/22/2018
20 20
0 0
11/20/2017
12/11/2017
12/18/2017
1/1/2018
1/8/2018
1/15/2018
1/22/2018
10/16/2017
10/23/2017
10/30/2017
11/6/2017
11/13/2017
11/27/2017
12/4/2017
7/31/2017
8/7/2017
8/28/2017
9/4/2017
9/11/2017
9/18/2017
9/25/2017
10/2/2017
10/9/2017
7/24/2017
8/14/2017
8/21/2017
5/22/2017
5/29/2017
6/5/2017
6/12/2017
6/19/2017
6/26/2017
7/3/2017
7/10/2017
7/17/2017
DATA-#1-A-02-Actual vs Planned activity by week (single gang filter) DATA-#1-A-03-Actual vs Planned activity by location (single gang filter)
Link / Date
Date
Lin.. Link 2 Link 3 Link 4a Link 4b Link 5
100
100
80 80
40 40
Reported actual
Reported actual
Unit Planned
Unit Planned
60 60
40 40 20 20
20 20
0 0 0 0
12/18/2017
1/1/2018
1/8/2018
1/15/2018
1/22/2018
11/6/2017
11/27/2017
12/4/2017
12/11/2017
10/2/2017
10/9/2017
10/16/2017
10/23/2017
10/30/2017
11/13/2017
11/20/2017
7/17/2017
7/24/2017
7/31/2017
8/7/2017
8/14/2017
8/21/2017
8/28/2017
9/4/2017
9/11/2017
9/18/2017
9/25/2017
12/11/2017
5/22/2017
5/29/2017
6/5/2017
6/12/2017
6/19/2017
6/26/2017
7/3/2017
7/10/2017
12/4/2017
5/29/2017
6/5/2017
6/26/2017
7/17/2017
8/7/2017
8/28/2017
9/18/2017
10/9/2017
10/30/2017
11/20/2017
7/17/2017
8/21/2017
9/11/2017
10/2/2017
10/23/2017
11/13/2017
8/21/2017
9/11/2017
10/2/2017
10/23/2017
11/13/2017
10/2/2017
10/23/2017
11/13/2017
12/4/2017
1/1/2018
1/22/2018
9/11/2017
10/2/2017
10/23/2017
11/13/2017
110 111
The Model Wall
MAP DATA MODEL

NAVIS
The Model wall use cases include:
STATs model - services (gas, electric etc.)

Visibility of trial hole results
Critical path analysis:
Understand what the critical path activities are, as well
as the ‘nearly critical path activities’.
Understand what has to be done today/ this week to
stop an impact on the critical path
112 113
‘Mission control’
Data sources:
The previous sections have shown how data can be captured
and processed from the smallest scale (individual materials) to
the largest (nationwide GIS).
The use of highly standardised BIM libraries, enhanced with
data gathered through the virtual and physical prototyping
stages, will create a rich information benchmark that can be Input types:
analysed as described in earlier sections.
The use of standardised solutions at the scale and
geographic diversity of the government estate, combined with
Positioning Weather Activity Active Active email 3D
the open and collaborative ways of working, offers the chance Record Input Comms Verification
take this further and create an exemplar project controls system
for the BIM-enabled industry.
By combining all of the available data sets, bridging the
traditional boundaries (physical and imagined) between ‘the site’
and ‘the factory’ a data flow would link manufacturing centres to Text Speech
the construction zone.
High quality, accurate data would be used from a range of
existing sources including:
O peratives - activity recording using GPS enabled smart

phones with custom apps;
Vehicles - GPS tracking for all construction vehicles, Data collection categories:
recording all delivery journeys as well as on site activity; Active
Mesh-network enabled CCTV monitoring system using Participants send info about activity
Detailed but less robust
balloons;
Drone technology for image and video capture; Passive
Digital weather stations / sensors monitoring air and ground Participants activity is monitored
conditions; Less detailed but more robust
Photogrammetry / laser scanning for site topography;
Live traffic reporting;
Weather satellite data and services.
cont’d
114 115
‘Mission control’ cont’d
‘Mission control’ will use the data capture an analysis to provide

targeted communications to the project team and operatives
across the site including:
B etter project planning prior to construction through detailed

scenario studies;
Data-rich, visual feedback to assist project planning decision
making;
Accurate benchmarking of carbon footprint before
construction and using it as a driver for project planning;
Simulation of unusual/ extreme events, their potential impacts
and possible mitigation;
Familiarisation of the monitoring system that will be used
during construction;
Long range forecasts for factory production with long lead
time;
Weekly plans with detailed activity schedules;
Daily updates to site operatives for optimum deployment of
workforce;
Hourly updates with weather warnings;
Real time redirection of deliveries to avoid traffic or to hold
points to ease congestion at site entrances. Information Change Diary Delivery
Bulletins to mobile Instructions / Notifications Instruction via
device Warning mobile device
This would be used for more agile and responsive project
controls, linking suppliers, logistics and sites in a highly
organised network.
Integrating live reporting from subcontractors and suppliers
would facilitate:
Higher productivity;
etter levelling of supplier workload;
B
Just in time delivery;
Fewer on site movements;
Reduced waste.
116 117
Tel. + 44 (0)20-7253-4772 Bryden Wood
Email info @ brydenwood.co.uk 100 Gray’s Inn Road, London
brydenwood.co.uk WC1X 8AL, United Kingdom

From Digital Tools To Manufactured Components: Data Driven Infrastructure

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From Digital Tools To Manufactured Components: Data Driven Infrastructure

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2017

Data Driven Infrastructure

Click or scan link to ‘Delivery Acknowledgements

All images © Bryden Wood Technology Limited.

Version Date Changes

only warrants highly detailed analysis of a few key areas.

supplier / supplier / supplier / supplier / supplier / supplier /

design design design

assembler assembler Project Project Project

© B ryden Wood Technology Limited 2017

The productivity gains available through the

Manufacture Prototyping Products

Digital Rapid engineering

Manufacture Prototyping Products

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is, fundamentally,

 A more holistic view of project-wide progress;

Other example uses include:

infrastructure including rails and highways, necessitates the

This approach used existing data sources that are held by

The project provided users with a ‘3 clicks or less’ navigation

programme of works by: - Network [ HE data]

 Allowing multiple stakeholder views to be combined, - Current [HE data]

 Allowing the interdependency between a range of factors that Ecology

 Demonstrating client benefit for network Operation,

Design Digital Rapid engineering

Manufacture Prototyping Products

In autumn 2015, the first initial version of the Highways England

 Road sections; Portal - man

 Refuge Areas / Emergency Refuge Areas (ERAs);

 MS4 Site; MIDAS loops

The assembly models have been developed with a number of key

features that increase their functionality and dramatically improve

productivity during the design process:

cycle e.g. exclusion areas, personnel and equipment for

maintenance activities are included within the model to ensure

Parametric components, created in this way facilitate the

Example parametric assembly

Parametric process flows

P ocess flow u es and

For many c ents the cost of equ pment and personne

outcome re ated to a part cu ar process are many t mes greater

than the cap ta cost of the fac ty wh ch houses the process As

a resu t t me spent n des gn ng and opt m s ng the process can

y e d enormous benefits over the fe cyc e of an asset

The use of v sua scr pt ng too s a ows h gh y parametr c

au oma ca y flex n esponse

used n process flow fac t es for pharmaceut ca s etc but cou d

read y be app ed to e g water treatment processes

n the first nstance ex st ng process flow d agrams (PFD s)

or p p ng and nstrumentat on d agrams (P& D s) are rep cated

300 1200 300 1200

us ng v sua scr pt ng wh ch a ow ru es and nterdependenc es to

Th s a ows comp ex processes to be shown as a ser es of

nked ob ects (wh ch may represent p eces of equ pment or

steps n the process) By chang ng parameters (e g flow rates

equ pment capac t es d stances or nks between p eces of

equ pment) the srround ng context w automat ca y flex to su t

Th s a ows mu t p e opt ons to be tested or even more

va uab y new processes to be v rtua y tested and opt m sed

w th a very h gh speed of terat on and a ow ng for a great dea

nterdependenc es between mu t p e processes can be

s mu ated a ow ng comp ex fac ty mode s to be deve oped and

By nk ng these parametr c mode s to B M author ng software

© B ryden Wood Technology Limited 2017

A more holistic view of project-wide progress;

Allowing multiple stakeholder views to be combined, - Current [HE data]

Allowing the interdependency between a range of factors that Ecology

Demonstrating client benefit for network Operation,

Road sections; Portal - man

Refuge Areas / Emergency Refuge Areas (ERAs);

MS4 Site; MIDAS loops

Product assemblies - Market testing to find popular or typical

Product assemblies – Identification and documentation of the

Preliminary assembly positions, based on design guidance

Assemblies at LOD4, LOI4;

Fly through of model;

Ac - Activities Group Code1

SL - Spaces/ locations 1500 35

PM - Project management -500

© B ryden Wood Technology Limited 2017