Essential Roles and Talent to Achieve Supply

Chain Analytics Excellence

FOUNDATIONAL Refreshed: 7 January 2020 | Published: 11 July 2018 ID: G00362435

Analyst(s): Noha Tohamy

Effective analytics adoption is a prerequisite to supply chain digitalization.

Supply chain leaders responsible for analytics talent and strategy can use
this research to pursue the roles and skills required to succeed in supply
chain analytics.

FOUNDATIONAL DOCUMENT
This research is reviewed periodically for accuracy. Last reviewed on 7 January 2020.

Key Challenges
■ Supply chain organizations struggle to create a balanced supply chain analytics team that
satisfies the three pillars of analytics — data science, supply chain expertise and data
management.
■ Supply chain analytics success is oftentimes stifled, not by a shortage in data science talent,
but by lack of alignment with supply chain priorities and low user adoption.
■ Ambitious career expectations and lack of role definition are hurdles to attracting and retaining
top analytics talent.

Recommendations
Supply chain leaders responsible for analytics talent and strategy should:

■ Form a well-rounded analytics team by gathering a mix of data science, data engineering and
supply chain expertise talent to succeed in both the creation and usage of analytics.
■ Secure successful analytics adoption by investing in effective, credible analytics coaches that
capture business needs and train users on the effective use of analytics in their decision
making.
 ■ Avoid high turnover by not only defining job responsibilities and required competencies, but
also career paths for each role, in order to attract and retain top talent.

Table of Contents

Introduction............................................................................................................................................ 2
Analysis.................................................................................................................................................. 5
Dedicate a Leader With Digital Vision and Passion for Analytics........................................................5
Secure a Data Engineer to Guarantee Available and High-Quality Data............................................. 7
Invest in High-Caliber Data Scientists When Your Needs for Complex Analytics Reach Critical Mass
.........................................................................................................................................................9
Scale Advanced Analytics Talent With Strong Citizen Data Scientists..............................................11
Drive Successful Supply Chain Analytics Adoption With Strong Analytics Coaches.........................13
Leverage Supply Chain Analysts at the Onset of the Analytics Maturity Journey............................. 15
Gartner Recommended Reading.......................................................................................................... 16

List of Tables

Table 1. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Analytics Leader..................................... 6

Table 2. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Data Engineer.........................................8
Table 3. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Data Scientist....................................... 10
Table 4. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Citizen Data Scientist............................12
Table 5. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Analytics Coach....................................14
Table 6. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Supply Chain Analyst............................16

List of Figures

Figure 1. 6 Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics................................................................3

Introduction
In Gartner's Digitalizing Supply Chain With Advanced Analytics Survey, a majority of leaders said the
need for advanced analytics and AI adoption is impacting their talent strategy. For example, 78% of
respondents stated artificial intelligence is or will soon change the skill sets they pursue in new
supply chain hires. Seventy-nine percent of the respondents said that they have developed training
programs to help their internal users with advanced analytics adoption (see Evidence).

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 For supply chain leaders responsible for analytics strategy, a key component of talent strategy is to
understand and assemble the requisite talent to meet current and future supply chain analytics
needs.

In the past, Gartner has identified four key roles that support basic and advanced supply chain
analytics: data scientist, citizen data scientist, data engineer and supply chain expert (see
"Successfully Adopt Advanced Supply Chain Analytics With Limited Data Scientist Resources").

Through researching leading organizations' analytics maturity levels and best practices, Gartner
believes that refining these four roles to six roles, with more distinct skill sets, could offer supply
chain organizations clearer guidance in building successful analytics teams (see Figure 1).

Figure 1. 6 Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics

Source: Gartner (July 2018)

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 We define the six roles as follows:

■ Analytics leader: A senior manager, director or VP-level individual responsible for the overall
leadership and development of the supply chain analytics team, and for driving the analytics
vision. Responsibilities include managing the team, prioritizing analytics initiatives to align with
supply chain strategy, securing additional funds for tech and talent investments, setting
performance metrics framework to measure analytics adoption and success and
communicating with business partners.
■ Data engineers: Individuals responsible for ensuring the availability and quality of data needed
for supply chain analytics. This includes data integration, acquisition, cleansing and
harmonization. Data engineers work closely with the IT group to align with the enterprise overall
data strategy and governance.
■ Data scientists: Individuals with advanced degrees in quantitative disciplines such as
mathematics, computer science or operations research, who are responsible for performing
complex data discovery and exploration, and building complex advanced analytics and
machine learning models.
■ Citizen data scientists: Individuals with professional experience or educational background in
the analytics field who are responsible for executing a variety of "more simple" data science
tasks, utilizing embedded analytics and more intuitive data discovery and modeling platforms.
■ Analytics coaches: Individuals with supply chain domain expertise and institutional credibility
who are responsible for acting as a liaison between the technical data science resources and
supply chain users. They are also responsible for training users, ensuring successful analytics
deployment and ongoing usage. This allows them to identify additional opportunities for
continuous improvement.
■ Supply chain analysts: Individuals responsible for ad hoc report generation, usually manual
data acquisition and management, to support supply chain users with their reporting needs.

It is important to note that these roles do not necessarily need to sit in one central supply chain
analytics team. All that is needed is that the supply chain group has access to these roles to
support their analytics needs. In fact, the majority of leading organizations in analytics opt for a
hybrid organizational model. This is a model where a center-led analytics team orchestrates
distributed talent across supply chain functions, enterprise analytics, IT groups and service
providers (see "Making the Case for a Central Supply Chain Analytics Center of Excellence").

It is also important to emphasize that Gartner does not recommend that every organization pursue
each role, regardless of its supply chain analytics maturity level. For example, a supply chain
organization commencing its adoption journey, with current focus on reporting capabilities, has no
immediate need for a data scientist. Current analytics needs can be supported with supply chain
analyst and analytics leader roles. As the organization adopts more advanced analytics, a business
case for adding data scientists or citizen data scientists to the team will emerge. Supply chain
leaders responsible for analytics strategy should leverage Gartner's maturity assessment Toolkit to
gauge their current level of maturity and corresponding roles required (see "Toolkit: Assess Your
Organization's Supply Chain Analytics Maturity Level").

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 Below, Gartner details each role, its responsibilities, experience, education, competencies and
career progression.

Analysis
Dedicate a Leader With Digital Vision and Passion for Analytics
The supply chain analytics leader is responsible for the vision for supply chain analytics adoption.
They articulate the strategy, mission and charter of the group, and makes sure all efforts are in full
alignment with supply chain priorities. The leader orchestrates widely different technical and
business talent within the team to not only ensure the creation, but also the successful adoption of
supply chain analytics across the supply chain organization (see Table 1).

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 Table 1. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Analytics Leader

Analytics Leader

Responsibilities ■ Manages the performance of the supply chain analytics team. Defines organizational
structure and team governance.

■ Defines team charter and ensures continual alignment of analytics team focus with strategic
objectives.

■ Secures funding for additional investments in talent and technologies.

■ Recruits additional team resources as need, and supports their career development and
progression.

■ Defines the process for identifying and prioritizing analytics initiatives.

■ Ongoing collaboration, engagement and networking with SC leaders to ensure use,

adoption and relevance of analytics in operations.

■ Works with supply chain and business leaders to build a framework for tracking usage of
analytics solutions and capturing benefits and/or ROI.

Previous Work ■ Senior roles in a supply chain function (plan, source, make, deliver), that have lead or
Experience oversaw successful analytics initiatives.

■ Senior roles in supply chain strategy or digital group or center of excellence.

Education Required:
■ Bachelor's degree or equivalent in a variety of quantitative or nonquantitative disciplines.

Preferred:
■ Master's degree in supply chain management or business administration (MBA).

■ Additional supply chain education, training and/or certification through massive open online
courses (MOOCs) and/or professional organizations.

■ Additional analytics education, training and/or certification through MOOCS and/or

professional organizations.

Capabilities ■ Ability to articulate an analytics vision to support digitalization.

■ Ability to influence, collaborate with and engage senior supply chain and business leaders to
promote the analytics vision and secure support and funding.

■ Ability to build and manage teams with disparate backgrounds and skill sets.

■ Ability to empower and develop talent.

■ Proficiency in technology and advanced analytics to establish credibility with data science
and engineering roles.

Career ■ Leadership roles to support supply chain digital strategy: Once the analytics leader has
Progression demonstrated their ability to lead the supply chain analytics team, a possible progression
would be to expand their responsibility to support overall supply chain digitalization. Beyond
analytics adoption, the leader would be responsible for supporting the organization in its

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 Analytics Leader

transition to a digital business model. This could span leading initiatives like data
monetization, RPA, process automation, IoT adoption, etc.

Source: Gartner (July 2018)

Secure a Data Engineer to Guarantee Available and High-Quality Data

The data engineer role is critical, since without sufficient, good-quality data, it is inconceivable for a
supply chain organization to succeed in analytics. This role becomes even more critical as a
company progresses along its analytics maturity journey. More advanced analytics require
additional data sources such as IoT, publicly available structured and unstructured and trading
partners' data (see Table 2).

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 Table 2. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Data Engineer

Data Engineer

Responsibilities ■ Define supply chain data strategy and vision, in collaboration with the IT group.

■ Work with the IT group to define supply chain data governance and clarify rules of
engagement between IT and supply chain analytics team.

■ Capture data requirements for supply chain analytics solutions.

■ Engages with the analytics team and the IT group to identify integration needs for ongoing
data acquisition.

■ Make required datasets available to data scientists for discovery and model building and/or
prototyping.

Previous Work ■ Supported implementation and integration of supply chain applications.

Experience
■ General IT and data management experience.

Education Required:
■ Bachelor's degree in information technology, computer science, applied math or other
quantitative disciplines.

Preferred:
■ Additional supply chain education, training and/or certification through MOOCS and/or
professional organizations.

■ Additional analytics education, training and/or certification through MOOCS and/or

professional organizations.

Capabilities ■ A combination of data management and supply chain knowledge to work closely with the IT
group to define supply chain data strategy, governance and overall requirements to support
digitalization.

■ Ability to collaborate and work with individuals with business and technical backgrounds
and roles.

■ Ability to listen, empathize and communicate with supply chain users' who seek better
access to good-quality data in order to make better decisions.

■ Ability to design or deploy protocols for data acquisition, migration and transformation
across internal and/or external, structured and unstructured data.

■ Ability to design or deploy supply chain specific data lakes or leverage enterprise data lakes
to support supply chain use cases.

Career ■ Senior data engineer: Data engineers progress to more senior roles where they tackle more
Progression complex data needs. This could span working with trading partners to ensure network data
availability, or with the operational technology group to build a platform to leverage IoT data.

■ Citizen data scientist: This is for data engineers whose strengths and interests gravitate
more toward the data science. In this role, they would work with data scientists to support
basic tasks, configure models and improve the adoption of embedded analytics.

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 Data Engineer
■ Data engineer at other enterprise functions: This could be a permanent or rotational role
where the data engineer works at other functional groups (sales, marketing, or product
development). This would give the data engineer new opportunities to flex their skills to
tackle different business problems.

■ Data engineer in IT: This would be a move toward general IT responsibilities. This would be
for data engineers that prefer a bigger focus on building the IT infrastructure and data
foundation for the benefit of the entire enterprise.

Source: Gartner (July 2018)

Invest in High-Caliber Data Scientists When Your Needs for Complex Analytics
Reach Critical Mass
The typical profile of a data scientist is a Ph.D. graduate in quantitative disciplines such as
mathematics, computer science or operations research. A data scientist is the most technical
resource that would support building complex data science and machine learning models for data
discovery and exploration, identifying patterns and generating predictive and prescriptive insights.
Data scientists become a critical resource for supply chain organizations in later stages of maturity,
where data volume and variety, and supply chain complexity, demand advanced models to generate
insights and automate processes. (See Table 3.)

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 Table 3. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Data Scientist

Data Scientist

Responsibilities ■ Build advanced analytics models (predictive, prescriptive, machine learning, simulation,
statistical, etc.) to solve complex supply chain problems.

■ Use advanced analytics models to conduct data discovery to uncover new correlations and
interdependencies among supply chain variables.

■ Work with and/or train citizen data scientists to offload basic data science tasks like initial
data discovery and/or visualization and model testing.

■ Revisit and/or refine models on an ongoing basis to ensure continued alignment with supply
chain needs.

Previous Work ■ Recent graduate with minimal professional experience.

Experience
■ Non-supply chain enterprise data scientist.

■ Previous work experience as a data scientist at an analytics consultant and/or service

provider.

Education Required:
■ Ph.D. in operations research, computer science or applied mathematics.

Preferred:
■ Additional supply chain education, training and/or certification through MOOCS and/or
professional organizations (APICS, CSCMP).

Capabilities ■ Ability to employ data science, operations research and machine learning to develop
analytics model to solve complex, unique supply chain problems.

■ Ability to leverage open source languages and/or algorithms for model development.

■ Proficiency in data engineering to work closely with the data engineer to define the data
requirements for modeling purposes.

Career ■ Senior data scientist: Data scientists progress to more senior roles where they tackle more
Progression complex, strategic supply chain problems or focus on the application of emerging, more
innovative analytics approaches and technologies.

■ Data scientist at a different function or group: This could be a permanent or rotational

role where the data scientists work at other functional groups (sales, marketing or product
development) or at an enterprisewide analytics group. This would give them new arenas to
flex their technical skills and tackle different business problems.

■ Data science team manager: Here the senior data scientist has management
responsibilities for a group of data scientists in the analytics team. This would likely be an
opportunity only available at more advanced organizations with a large number of data
scientists.

Source: Gartner (July 2018)

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 Scale Advanced Analytics Talent With Strong Citizen Data Scientists
The citizen data scientist can help organizations get more from embedded analytics in their
business applications. For example, a citizen data scientist can determine the best forecasting
approach in a demand forecasting tool, based on the product profile. Citizen data scientists can
leverage data science and machine learning platforms to choose from prebuild models and solution
components, to configure specific solutions to supply chain needs. They can also configure and
fine-tune advanced analytics model developed by enterprise data scientists or service providers to
ensure alignment with evolving supply chain needs.

While citizen data scientist is a relatively new role, supply chain organizations are increasingly
looking to add this role to their analytics teams. This is especially the case as data science and
machine learning platforms continue to become more intuitive, and as the role proves an effective
alternative to data scientists (see Table 4).

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 Table 4. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Citizen Data Scientist

Citizen Data Scientist

Responsibilities ■ Support data scientists in basic data science tasks, such as data prep and harmonization.

■ Support data scientists and solutions providers in defining initial model parameters to reflect
supply chain needs.

■ Change model configuration and parameters in embedded analytics in supply chain

applications to tune analytics models for changing business needs.

■ Train and test both embedded analytics in supply chain applications and models developed
by data scientists to validate model performance and alignment with user requirements.

Previous Work ■ "Super user" with experience in configuring and deploying functional supply chain
Experience applications with embedded analytics.

■ Data engineer with experience working with supply chain applications and analytics
solutions.

■ Supply chain analyst that had been closely involved in the deployment of advanced
analytics solutions.

Education Required:
■ Bachelor's degree in a quantitative discipline such as operations research, computer
science, business analytics or analytics-focused, supply chain management programs.

Preferred:
■ Master's degree in a quantitative discipline such as operations research, computer science,
business analytics or analytics-focused, supply chain management programs.

■ Additional supply chain education, training and/or certification through MOOCS and
professional organization (APICS, CSCMP) analytics MOOCs and/or certificates.

■ Additional analytics education, training and/or certification through MOOCS and/or

professional organizations.

Capabilities ■ Proficiency in basic data discovery, preparation and visualization.

■ Ability to support the data scientists in model selection and configuration.

■ Ability to conduct ongoing quality assurance and/or testing of models to ensure alignment
with supply chain requirements.

■ Ability to uncover additional opportunities for the use of embedded analytics in already-
deployed supply chain applications.

■ Talent and vision to identify analytics-enabled process redesign.

Career ■ Data scientist: For citizen data scientists that continue their formal education to earn an
Progression advanced degree in data science or operations research.

■ Analytics leader: For citizen data scientists that show the capacity for developing into an
analytics leader, with the requisite training. In addition to their technical strengths, these

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 Citizen Data Scientist

individuals must demonstrate a combination of supply chain domain expertise and a vision
for the role of analytics in supply chain digitalization.

Source: Gartner (July 2018)

Drive Successful Supply Chain Analytics Adoption With Strong Analytics Coaches
The analytics coach is arguably the most important role in your supply chain analytics team. This is
because an analytics coach provides an essential bidirectional link between business needs and
technical capabilities, providing credibility for both sides. The coach can work with the users to
capture their requirements, help prioritize them and translate those needs to the data engineering
and data science roles, both internally and at service providers. Conversely, the coach works with
data scientists and data engineers to understand and vet a solution, and validate its alignment with
supply chain needs. The coach would then train the users, ensure adoption and track usage and
compliance (see Table 5).

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 Table 5. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Analytics Coach

Analytics Coach

Responsibilities ■ Work with citizen data scientists and data scientists to communicate the business
requirements and support defining and building the analytics models.

■ Ensure the ongoing alignment of the model with evolving business needs.

■ Work with data engineers to identify data requirements.

■ Work with analytics users to understand their challenges, their current workflow, capture
their requirements and propose analytics-enabled process improvements.

■ Work with the analytics leader to understand overall supply chain vision and strategy, and
identify new initiatives for continuous improvement or process innovation.

■ Train analytics users and support embedding analytics insights into their daily workflow.

■ Track usage compliance, success factors and hurdles behind adoption levels.

Previous Work ■ Supply chain analyst with experience working with the supply chain users to leverage
Experience analytics insights in decision making.

■ Supply chain planner and/or functional lead with experience in the roll-out of and training on
supply chain applications.

Education Required:
■ Bachelor's degree or equivalent in a variety of quantitative and nonquantitative disciplines.

Preferred:
■ Master's degree in supply chain management or business administration (MBA).

■ Additional supply chain education, training and/or certification through MOOCS and/or
professional organizations.

■ Additional analytics education, training and/or certification through MOOCS and/or

professional organizations.

Capabilities ■ Deep supply chain domain expertise and team credibility.

■ High-level understanding of analytics techniques.

■ Effective facilitation skills to laisse between users and technical roles.

■ Patience and ability to explain technical terms and concepts when training users.

■ Strong communication and presentation skills to provide adoption updates and work with
the analytics and business leaders, ensuring successful analytics deployment and propose
continuous improvement opportunities.

Career ■ Citizen data scientist: For coaches that are more inclined to move toward a data-science
Progression focus to support analytics model development and maintenance.

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 Analytics Coach
■ Analytics leader: For coaches that have established strong credibility across the technical
and business roles and demonstrated an analytics vision and a firm grasp on the role of
analytics in supporting supply chain digital strategy.

Source: Gartner (July 2018)

Leverage Supply Chain Analysts at the Onset of the Analytics Maturity Journey
A supply chain analyst is a role that is mostly tasked with ad hoc report generation in Excel or
business intelligence (BI) tools, manual data acquisition and management to support supply chain
users with their basic analytics needs.

The role of the supply chain analyst is important, at the early stages of analytics maturity journey, to
satisfy supply chain users' needs for report generation. As organizations transition to more self-
service reporting and automated report generation, the importance of that role diminishes. The need
for this role also diminishes as organizations move beyond basic descriptive analytics to diagnostic,
predictive and prescriptive capabilities, supported by advanced analytics and data science. At that
point, this role can be in the supply chain analytics group, evolving to a coach or a citizen data
scientist (see Table 6).

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 Table 6. Essential Roles to Support Supply Chain Analytics — Supply Chain Analyst

Supply Chain Analyst

Responsibilities ■ Acquire, harmonize and cleanse data from back-end systems and disparate Excel files to
be used in reports.

■ Generate ad hoc reports at the request of supply chain users.

■ Gather data and generate reports and/or charts to support regular meetings such as sales
and operations planning (S&OP) meetings and business reviews.

■ Work with analytics leader and coaches to understand supply chain metrics and create
reports to present supply chain performance accordingly.

Previous Work ■ Functional analyst role (e.g., transportation analyst or procurement analyst).
Experience
■ Recent college graduate.

Education Required:
■ Bachelor's degree or equivalent in a variety of quantitative and nonquantitative disciplines.

Preferred:
■ Additional supply chain education, training and/or certification through MOOCS and/or
professional organizations (APICS, CSCMP).

Capabilities ■ Proficiency in, or willingness to, learn report generation with the use of Excel and BI
solutions.

■ Proficiency in, or willingness to, learn basic supply chain concepts and principles.

■ Strong communications skills to understand business user requirements and work with IT
to acquire necessary data.

Career ■ Analytics coach: For those supply chain analysts that demonstrate deep supply chain
Progression understanding, establish credibility with the supply chain users and gain a firm grasp on
advanced analytics concepts.

■ Citizen data scientist: For those supply chain analysts that are more inclined to move
toward a more technical focus to support analytics model development and maintenance.

■ Functional supply chain user: For those supply chain analysts that gravitate toward
becoming the consumer of the analytics insights to support an operational role.

Source: Gartner (July 2018)

Gartner Recommended Reading

Some documents may not be available as part of your current Gartner subscription.

"A Research Guide to Building a Strong Supply Chain Analytics Competency"

"The Supply Chain Analytics Leader's First 100 Days"

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 "Define an Effective Team Structure for Supply Chain Analytics Success"

"Toolkit: Job Description for the Head of the Supply Chain Analytics Team"

Evidence
For the Digitalizing Supply Chain With Advanced Analytics Survey, Gartner surveyed organizations
in five countries between 6 July and 13 September 2017. This helped Gartner examine
organizations' adoption of such different advanced analytics techniques as prescriptive analytics,
predictive analytics and AI. This research seeks to understand the impact of advanced analytics on
supply chain processes, talent requirements and to investigate the potential ROI. Two hundred sixty
respondents participated in the U.S. (n = 116), Canada (n = 13), Germany (n = 65), Ireland (n = 6)
and the U.K. (n = 60). Country, value chain industry, revenue band and reporting team quotas were
established to enable the comparison and contrasting of key trends.

Qualifying organizations were large organizations in the retail, consumer products, chemical,
industrial, high-tech and life science manufacturing industries with at least $500 million equivalent in
total annual revenue for FY17. These companies have already implemented advanced analytics
capabilities for at least two of three categories (prescriptive analytics, predictive analytics and
artificial intelligence).

Qualified participants report directly to one of the following three teams at their organization: supply
chain (e.g., planning, sourcing, manufacturing, logistics, customer service, strategy, supply chain IT,
supply chain executive management), IT infrastructure and operations or enterprise analytics team.
Respondents are also involved in advanced analytics projects for their organization's supply chain
(advanced analytics projects must support at least one supply chain function).

Interviews were conducted online and in a native language (English or German). The sample
universe was drawn from external panels of IT and business professionals. A team of Gartner
analysts who follow IT markets developed the survey, and Gartner's Research Data and Analytics
team reviewed, tested and administered it.

More on This Topic

This is part of an in-depth collection of research. See the collection:

■ A Research Guide to Building a Strong Supply Chain Analytics Competency

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