CANADIAN UNIVERSITY OF

BANGLADESH
BACHELOR OF SHIPPING AND
SME 2455
M ARITIM E SCIENCE
PRESENTATION
MARINE IC ENGINNERING-II
SECTION 02 GROUP:07
MEMBERS:
MD. SOUROV
MD. TOFAIL AHMED
MANONAYAN ROY
MD. ISMAIL JABE ULLAH
HOSSAIN AHMMAD
MD. FARABI RUDAEB ISLAM
ABSTRACT:-
In this presentation
we will discuss
about the
maintenance of a
piston and cylinder
liner which is fitted
in IC engine.
Including the
causes of problems
and how to prevent
those problems.
 Piston Checking's
The following things should be noticed upon removal of the piston. Since the piston is
divided into varies sections
Piston Crown
-Check for any burning at top part of the piston.
-Check any wear at the side walls of the crown and on ring grooves.
-Check for any cracking at top due to the thermal and mechanical stress, check also for
high temperature corrosion.
Piston Rings and Grooves
-Check for the free movement of the piston rings.
-Check the ring clearance / groove clearance.
-Inspect for any wear, stepping and for scuffing.
Piston Skirt and Side-wall
-Check for any rubbing marks.
-Inspect for any wear down of wear rings.
Cooling Water Passage
-Check for any scale due to poor water treatment.
-Choking due to high temperature.

Finally inspect the locking bolts, wires, studs and ‘O’ ring condition
 Causes of piston damage
Piston crown damage
* Seizure due to overheating (mainly piston crown)
* Overheating due to combustion defaults
*Bent/blocked oil injection jet
* Installation of incorrect pistons
* Malfunctions in the cooling system
* Clearance restriction in the upper sliding surface area

Fused/melted off material

-Faulty injection nozzles
*Incorrect quantity of injected fuel
*Incorrect injection point
*Insufficient compression
*Ignition delay
*Oscillating injection lines
 Causes of piston damage contd..
Impact marks
-Piston protrusion too great
-Excessive remachining of the cylinder head sealing surface
-Incorrect valve recess
-Incorrect cylinder head gasket
-Carbon deposits on the piston crown
-Insufficient valve clearance
-Incorrect valve timing caused by incorrect adjustment or a
slipped toothed belt

Cracks in the crown and crown bowl

-Faulty or incorrect injection nozzle
-Incorrect injection point
Incorrect quantity of injected fuel
Insufficient compression
Lack of piston cooling
Installation of pistons with incorrect bowl shape
Improvement in performance
 How to Prevent Piston Damage
To prevent piston damage and failure, whether that’s diesel piston rings or other specific
engine piston parts, ensure that are using the correct engine oil and that the oil and filter are
changed at the recommended intervals by the manufacturer. Designated person should also
make sure the engine coolant is in good condition, which one can take a look at the water in
the coolant reservoir.
It’s important to remember that pistons are part of the overall engine and all diesel engines
are different. Unfortunately, there’s no ‘one size fits all’ solution for anyone experiencing a
diesel engine problem or an issue with their diesel rings. It’s also imperative to determine the
cause of the problem and address this, before simply replacing damaged parts and re-
assembling the engine.
 Types of Liner Wear
We can see that cylinder liner wear occurs over a period of time. The main factors
that contribute to liner wear can be one or more of the following:
* Friction
* Abrasion
* Corrosion
•Adhesion
•Clover leafing
•Micro-seizure

Causes of Liner Wear

– Burning of heavy fuel oil in the combustion space
– Lower combustion chamber temperature because of reduced service load
-Catalytic fines in the fuel, the ash formed during the combustion, metal swarf,
dust and accumulated wear particles in the lube oil cause abrasive wear.
-Clover leafing is a form of wear on cylinder liners due to high sulphur content
in the fuel oil. Clover leafing takes place between each pair of lubricating
quills.
-Micro seizure happens due to irregularities in the liner and piston rings
coming into contact during operation.
 How Can Cylinder Liner Wear
be Minimised?
1) By avoiding any ingress of water inside the liner by properly treating the fuel
oil.
2) By maintaining the correct grade of cylinder oil.
3) By supplying correct feed rate with load change dependent lubrication system
4) By avoiding ingress of moisture from the charge air.
5) By maintaining proper jacket water temperature.
6) By supplying good quality purified fuel oil inside the combustion chamber
7) By properly maintaining the fuel injector and fuel system for correct
atomization and injection of fuel inside the chamber
8) By doing regular scavenge port inspection for early detection of piston ring
wear and liner surface wear
9) By doing proper running in of new liner as prescribed by the engine maker
10) By honing the wear liner surface to retain oil in the small pocket avoiding
scuffing and other problems
 Conclusion
Piston damage or piston wear is a major cause of engine failure. It results in lost
compression, increased emissions, leaking of gases from the combustion chamber, and loss
of lubrication. When damage involves piston rings, it can mean oil finding its way into the
combustion chamber. The knowledge you have derived from this article should help you to
detect piston failure early enough and take action.

The cylinder liner is responsible for ensuring the extremly hot exhaust does not damage the
internal components of the engine. Due to its very important function, using replaceble
cylinder liners can save time and costly machine work. Cylinder liners may crack because
of poor cooling , improper fit of piston or pistons, incorrct installation, foreign bodies in the
combustion space or erosion and corrosion