Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Phone: 07 38037279
Email: Steve.W@a1highways.com.au
Please note that this document should be read in conjunction with the applicable Australian Standards
Disclaimer: The information presented herein is supplied in good faith and to the best of or knowledge was accurate at the ti me of preparation.
The provision of this information should not be construed as a recommendation to use any of our products in violation of any patent rights or in
breach of any statute or regulation. Users are advised to make their own determination as to the suitability of this information in relation to their
particular purpose or specific circumstances. No responsibility can be accepted by any A1 Highways group of companies or its staff for any loss,
damage caused by persons as a result of misuse of this information.
1. Directory
1. Directory ..............................................................................................................................................................1
4. Instigation ............................................................................................................................................................5
5. Materials ..............................................................................................................................................................5
Resistance to loads
Self weight
Dry weight 0,15 kN/m2 7.1 self weight
EN 1794-1:2003, addendum B
Reduced wet weight 0,16 kN/m2 7.1 self weight
Max. vertical load EN 1794-1:2003, addendum B 4,3 kN/m 7.2 max. vertical load
Max. normal load (Wind 2,2 kN/m² (GZG)
EN 1794-1:2003, addendum A 7.3 max. normal load 90°
and static loads) 3,5 kN/m² (GZT)
Max. normal load – structural
EN 1794-1:2003, addendum A and B EXC 3 EN1090 certificate
element (upright)
Max. bending moment –
EN 1794-1:2003, addendum E EXC 3 EN1090 certificate
structural element (upright)
Max. normal load
EN 1794-1:2003, addendum E 15 kN/2m x 2m max. normal load - snow
(snow clearance)
Release of hazardous
substances EN 1794-2:2003, addendum C 0 ppm 9. release of hazardous substances
In addition to the aforementioned standards the ZTV-LSW 06 and RIL 804.5501 are considered analogously.
4. Instigation
On behalf of the company A1 Highways and ProCiv, the technical basic principle for the noise barrier
elements Type – AP1 and Type AP2 are to be worked out in accordance with the conditions set out in the
Main Roads Technical Standards MRTS15 in conjunction with MRTS50 and MRTS01
5. Materials
The principal materials to which these specifications apply are aluminium alloys that comply with AS/NZS
1734, AS/NZS 1865, AS/NZS 1866, AS/NZS 1867 and AS/NZS 2848.1.
Materials used in the manufacture of steel posts shall be in accordance with materials referenced in AS
4100 or AS/NZS 4600.
All fabrication shall be in accordance with the requirements of MRTS78 Fabrication of Structural
Steelwork. All mild steel components shall be hot–dipped galvanised after fabrication in accordance with
the requirements of AS/NZS 4680.
The noise barrier element Type-Sx1x and Sx2x consists of the following materials:
125 0.5
250 0.8
500 0.9
1,000 0.9
2,000 0.7
4,000 0.6
Preliminary mark:
During preliminary tests it was asserted that different punching patterns (see illustration 7) do not
influence the test result. Based on that experience this report does not go into detail with all different
possibilities.
6.1 Construction
The elements consist in each case of one top- and bottom chord extruded section on which double-sided
beaded sheets of aluminium riveted on. The elements are closed on both sides with side covers made of
deep-drawn aluminium.
The cross section of the element structures is as follows (exemplary for Type SE11):
• Perforated aluminium sheet: Beading depth approx. 4 mm; s = 1,25 mm (1,50 mm); punching pattern
6 or 12 mm; powder-coated
• Hollow space of air (approx. 15 mm) with punctual spacers made of plastic (spacing nails)
• Mineral fibre insulation (approx. 40 mm), Heralan DP 10 with glass mat lamination (on the side of
the perforated sheet)
• Hollow space of air (approx. 65 mm)
• Perforated aluminium sheet: Beading depth approx. 4 mm; s = 1,25 mm (1,50 mm); powder coated
The tested elements were taken from the serial production of the company Forster Metallbau, An der Bahn
3, 3352 St. Peter, April 2013.
The elements are used for free standing noise barrier walls and the manufactured standard lengths are
1960, 2460, 2960, 3960 und 4960 mm. Maximum height of the elements is 500 mm with a width of approx.
122 mm. Elements with absorbing sides have perforated front panels (if double sided also the back panels).
Approximate percentage of perforation 26 – 32%.
Depending on the statical requirements the elements are installed between steel uprights type HE-160
(optional 180, 200, 220). The steel uprights and their foundation are not part of this test report. The sealing
against acoustic noise between the elements is achieved with a form-locked tongue and groove joint
between the top- and bottom chord.
The elements are used worldwide for noise barrier on roads and railways as well as in private building area.
The installation of the elements is normally carried out manually but for higher walls a hoisting platform
or a crane is used.
The Type-Sx1x and Sx2x elements are basically maintenance free. In dependence on the guidelines and
regulations of the Road Constitution (RVS) 13.03.71 “Monitoring, checking and testing of civil engineering
works – noise barrier constructions” an ongoing inspection is requested, which is executed in accordance
with the maintenance instructions for aluminium elements of the company Forster
Metallbau GmbH
Illustration 12: Practical road usage Illustration 13: Practical railway usage
7. Load resistance
Applicable Standard – Australian/ New Zealand Standard
AS 1170 deals with minimum design loads on structures (also known as the SAA Loading Code)
Loading: The loads on the structure shall be in accordance with the applicable parts of AS 1170.
Load Combinations and Load Factors: The required forces, moments and stresses for the applicable loads
shall be determined by structural analysis for the load combinations as indicated in AS 1170.1.
A factor of 1.25 shall be applied to dead load for ultimate load combinations
Wind Loading: Design loads on noise fences shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 1170.2
Where noise fences are within 4 metres of the road edge line, the design shall include an additional load
of 0.65 kPa representing dynamic suction imposed by moving vehicles for serviceability wind. For noise
fences greater than 4.0 m high, the suction load shall only be applied to the lower 4.0 m.
Attention is drawn to the specific requirements of Table D2 of AS/NZS 1170.2 for end panels (i.e. 0 to 2h)
and internal panels.
In accordance to aforementioned standard is the weight determined in a dry and wet condition (= reduced
wet weight). The weight of the element in dry condition is determined with a calibrated scale.
Subsequently the element is dipped for 24 hours into a water basin. Once the water is gone after 24 hours
the element in fitting position is put onto the scale and after a maximum of 10 minutes of water draining
the weight is determined (covering all types of the Type-Sx1x and Sx2x series)
Type SE 1x SB 1x SH 1x SR 1x
2 2 2
Dry 0,15 kN/m 0,28 kN/m 0,30 kN/m 0,13 kN/m2
Wet 0,16 kN/m2 0,31 kN/m2 0,33 kN/m2 0,14 kN/m2
Note: Due to the construction of the elements it can be assumed that no water can run down from the
elements installed in the upper part into subjacent elements. Also no water will be dammed up in load-
bearing construction parts. For elements of the Type Sx2x (1.50mm sheet metal) the weight can be
determined by simply multiplying the shown weight in the table by the factor 1.2.
Photo documentation
Loading of the noise barrier elements due to their net weight. The elements have to carry their net weight
in wet condition respectively the reduced weight and also the weight of the above installed elements in
wet condition without showing any failing. The following general criteria have to be met:
Local torsion instability: The horizontal deflection (dhmax) in millimetres may not exceed
500/50= 10 mm
Vertical deflection: The deflection (dvmax) in millimetres for elements which are properly mounted in their
ordinary usage may not exceed
4960∕400 = 12,4 mm
Test result: The maximum vertical load which an element within the common length range can bear (loads
as a result of above installed elements) is 4,3 kN/m.
Note: The acceptable value applies for all element types covered by this report. For wall elements with bay
length shorter than 4960mm – which are by the way identical from a constructions point
of view – the rated values of the resistances may be increased if necessary at the ratio of
“4960/real bay length” (is not applied at this point).
Test reports
Illustration 18: Test report SE11 6er, V03
Illustration 19: Test report SE11 12er, V04
Photo documentation
The maximum horizontal elastic deformation (dhmax) in millimetres, has to be as a result of the deflection
because of the dimensioning wind load less than:
dhmax = , 50 for LA ≤ 5 m LA = length of element in between their load bearing construction elements
= 124 mm, relevant are 50 mm (ultimate limit state of the fitness for purpose)
For the dimensioning wind load a load factor of s=1,5 is assumed (ultimate limit state of the loading
capacity):
• the element may not show any signs of failure
• the element may not detach itself from the supporting beams
• the permanent deflection (dhmax), after load removal has to be less than = 9,9 mm
• a permanent displacement caused by deflection of the load bearing construction elements may
not occur
Test result: After load removal a permanent deflection of ≈ 8 mm (allowed are ≈ 10 mm) was
measured. There are no signs of failure and the element does not get detached from the
supporting beams and therefore the requirements in accordance with the standard 1794-
1, addendum A are met. The maximum normal load (90°) which a 5melement can
withstand is:
- 2,2 kN/m² in the ultimate limit state of the fitness for purpose (GZG)
- 3,5 kN/ m² in the ultimate limit state of the loading capacity (GZT)
SE1x Test result Mathematical calculation
GZG 1,9 kN/m² 3,3 kN/m2 4,2 kN/m2* 4,2 kN/m2* 4,2 kN/m2*
GZT 3,0 kN/m² 3,7 kN/m² 4,2 kN/m2* 4,2 kN/m2* 4,2 kN/m2*
Bending stiffness ≈ 240 cm4 ≈ 180 cm4 ≈ 125 cm4 ≈ 115 cm4 ≈ 110 cm4
SR1x
GZG 1,7 kN/m² 2,9 kN/m2 3,7 kN/m2* 3,7 kN/m2* 3,7 kN/m2*
GZT 2,6 kN/m² 3,3 kN/m² 3,7 kN/m2* 3,7 kN/m2* 3,7 kN/m2*
Bending stiffness ≈ 210 cm4 ≈ 160 cm4 ≈ 110 cm4 ≈ 100 cm4 ≈ 95 cm4
*Manufacturer restriction
Note: The stiffness of shorter elements is known from earlier tests. For wall elements with bay length
shorter than 4960mm – which are by the way identical from a constructions point of view
– the rated values of the GZT may be increased if necessary at the ratio of “4960/real bay
length”. It is safe to use the shown values within the tables for the elements of the Type
Sx2x.
Test reports
Illustration 26: Test report SE11 6er, H02
Illustration 27: Test report SE11 12er, H03
Photo documentation
Illustration 28: Test setup “horizontal“ Illustration 29: Loading with steel plate
The dynamic load because of snow clearance is simulated by putting bags of sand onto the elements. Due
to the fact that it is easier to carry out test with half of the load on a space of 2 x 1 m and still meet the
normative requirements, 7.5kN on a space of 2 x 1 m are distributed (this corresponds to 15 kN on a space
of 2 x 2 m). Signs of failure like cracks, buckling, permanent deformation or relative movement which could
lead to an opening of the joint between the elements may not appear with this load.
Test result: The load is distributed on a space of 2 x 1 m in the middle of the element (worst case loading).
There are no relevant deformations, signs of failure, cracks, buckling or relative movement
and therefore the highest requirements in accordance with the standard 1794-1,
addendum E are met. The tested elements therefore correspond to the normal load of 15
kN/2 m x 2 m.
Test reports
Illustration 35: Fixing snow load Illustration 36: Test setup snow load
Illustration 37: Loading with 75 bags Illustration 38: Measuring distance of joint
Illustration 39: Elements after load removal Illustration 40: Front view after load removal
8. Danger of falling debris – EN 1794-2, addendum B
The test procedure is used to determine the characteristics of the wall construction elements, which are
falling down when knock over during the defined test procedure. A hit with a heavy weight according to
the standard is carried out to the weakest point of the element (middle of the element) and the behaviour
of the reference element during the testing is recorded. The initial start-up body consists of an axially
symmetric steel double cone with a weight of 400kg which is mounted to 2 steel wire ropes. The resulting
initial start-up energy is lead in the respective elements with 6.0 kJ. For evaluation only the wall elements
are taken into consideration, which are falling down because of the first hit.
Test result:
• no loose fragments
• photos following
• video documentation by: Fa. Forster Metallbau GmbH, A-3380 Waidhofen/Ybbs
• elements stay in the fixation
• this results in class 4 according to EN 1794-2:2011, respectively class 6 according to EN 1794-
2:2003
Test reports
Illustration 43: Test setup impact to 4960 mm element Illustration 44: Setup 2960 mm
The test procedure is used for simulating stone-chipping which could be caused by i.e. stones being thrown
from the road surface. A firing pin conforming to standards is hitting the test zone on 3 spots with an
impact energy of 30 Nm. Damages have to be restricted to parts on the outside of the construction as
inside building elements may not be damaged. The firing pin must not break through the outside of the
construction.
Test result:
• No cracks or punctures to the outside of the construction are visible. Element surface is absolutely
in good order.
• EN 1794-1, addendum C is fulfilled
Test reports
Illustration 52: Impact point after impact Illustration 53: Impact points – total view
Illustration 54: Impact point SE11 6er, detail Illustration 55: Impact point SE11 6er
11. Addendum A: Example CE-labelling
1358
Report no.: 20130531_CE-Typ-S_FOM-HTL_01, Eng.
Forster Metallbau GmbH
Weyrerstr. 135
3340 Waidhofen/Ybbs - Austria
13
EN 14388:2008
Noise barrier element Type SE 1x*, one sided
highly absorbing
≤ length 4,96m; height 0,5m
Sound absorption DLα 12 dB, group A4
Airborne sound insulation DLR 25 dB, group B3
Dry weight 0,15 kN/m²
Self weigth
Reduced wet weight 0,16 kN/m²
Max. vertical load an element is able to withstand
≥ 4,3 kN/m
Resistance to (loads as a result of the above installed elements)
loads Max normal load (90°) which a noise barrier element is able to
withstand (wind loads and static loads)
Max normal load which a noise barrier element is able to
withstand (dynamic loads as a result of snow clearance) 15 kN/ 2m x 2m
*SB 1
Page 42 of 44
1358
Report no.: 20130531_CE-Typ-S_FOM-HTL_01, Eng.
Forster Metallbau GmbH
Weyrerstr. 135
3340 Waidhofen/Ybbs - Austria
13
EN 14388:2008
Noise barrier element Type SH 1x*,
one sided highly absorbing with upgraded sound insulation
≤ length 4,96m; height 0,5m
Sound absorption DLα 12 dB, group A4
Airborne sound insulation DLR 30 dB, group B3
Dry weight 0,30 kN/m²
Self weight
Reduced wet weight 0,33 kN/m²
Max. vertical load an element is able to withstand
≥ 4,3 kN/m
Resistance (loads as a result of the above installed elements)
to loads Max normal load (90°) which a noise barrier element is
able to withstand (wind loads and static loads)
Max normal load which a noise barrier element is able to
withstand (dynamic loads as a result of snow clearance) 15 kN/ 2m x 2m
*SH 1
Page 43 of 44
1358
Report no.: 20130531_CE-Typ-S_FOM-HTL_01, Eng.
Forster Metallbau GmbH
Weyrerstr. 135
3340 Waidhofen/Ybbs - Austria
13
EN 14388:2008
Noise barrier element Type SR 1x*,
reflecting
≤ length 4,96m; height 0,5m
Sound absorption DLα ---
Airborne sound insulation DLR 25 dB, group B3
Dry weight 0,13 kN/m²
Self weigth
Reduced wet weight 0,14 kN/m²
Max. vertical load an element is able to withstand
≥ 4,3 kN/m
Resistance (loads as a result of the above installed elements)
to loads Max normal load (90°) which a noise barrier element is
able to withstand (wind loads and static loads)
Max normal load which a noise barrier element is able to
withstand (dynamic loads as a result of snow clearance) 15 kN/ 2m x 2m
---
Acoustical parameter
Long lasting capability Change of the noise protection
after 5, 10, 15, 20 years
0, 0, 0, 0
Non-acoustical parameter Durability min. 30 years
Resistance against impact of stones Fulfilled
Fire resistance against brushwood fire (grass fire) Class 3
Page 44 of 44