Connectors or contrast

Whereas Chicken meat is white, whereas cow meat is red.

However It is true that money can buy many things. However, it does not make you truly happy.
It is true that money can buy many things;however, it does not make you truly happy.

Yet It rained heavily, yet it was still warm.

Despite I can manage to stay cheerful despite everything.
Despite everything, I can manage to stay cheerful.
Even so The hypothesis is true, even so, further research is required.
But The data increased substantially in 1994, but it dipped in the next two years.
The data increased substantially in 1994 but dipped in the next two years.

Athough Although global warming is a major problem these days, many people keep mum about
it.
Many people keep mum about global warming although it is a major problem these
days.

Sequencers Time Connectors

First, second, third And in addition after

firstly, secondly, thirdly also additionally then

next/ meanwhile as well as futhermore before

following this after that moreover subsequently

in the subsequent stage

finally
Type of Task: (number chart: dynamic/ static) (map of development) (life cycle / flow chart/

mechanical process)

Language requirement: (Change : Increase & decrease) / (Comparison: greater/ lowest)

Verb tense: (past 2014 ) (present – no year) (combination)

Dynamic charts require both language of change and language comparison

Static Charts require language of comparison only

Type of Task: dynamic bar graph

Language requirement: CC

Verb tense: (past tense)

1

Reading ability had recorded 22% in School A, while School B charted 8% in 2005.

School A had recorded 22% of their students experiencing reading skill problem in 2005.

Twenty-two per cent of children who attended School A had challenges in their reading ability in 2005.

Type of Task: dynamic table

Language requirement: CC
Verb tense: past tense
What do the numbers stand for? percentage of children
2

Overall, among the four countries surveyed, only the UK and Sweden recorded substantial decline in
their average CO2 emission per person between 1967 and 2007. Although the UK had been topmost in
its per individual CO2 emission, it is clear that Portugal almost surpassed the UK’s average CO2 emission
by the end of the period.

Type of Task: line graph

Language requirement: CC
Verb tense: past tense
 What do the numbers stand for? Amount of CO2 emitted per person

Travel contributed 36% of the total online sales in NZ in 2003.

Type of Task: dynamic pie charts

Language requirement: CC
Verb tense: past
What do the numbers stand for? online shopping sales per sector
4

The pie charts show the main reasons for migration to and from the UK in 2007.

Type of Task: static pie chart

Language requirement: comparison only
Verb tense: past tense (2007)
What do the numbers stand for?

The given pie charts underpin the percentage of various causes that contributed in immigration as well as
emigration of people in year 2007 in U.K. The charts are composed of six main factors that lead to
annual migration.
Overall, employment was the leading cause for total migration, whereas the least number of people
emigrated for studies from the U.K.
More than half of the people migrated for definite job reason, resulting in 30% immigration and 29% of
emigration. Also, 12% of people came to the U.K. looking for job, while 22% people left U.K. for similar
reason. The percentage of people in the U.K., who immigrated or emigrated to accompany someone, was
15% and 13%, respectively.
Furthermore, more than quarter of individuals moved to the U.K. to pursue formal education, whereas,
only 4% left the U.K. for education purpose. However, 32% of people gave other or no reason for
leaving the U.K. and this percentage for reasons lead to 17% of  immigration.
To sum up, employment and formal study were the major contributing factors for immigration into the
U.K. while people emigrated from the U.K. looking for a definite job and to look for a job. .
(192 words)