Madhya Pradesh Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Company LTD.: Maintenance Manual For Operation

MADHYA PRADESH POORV KSHETRA
VIDYUT VITARAN COMPANY LTD.
MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR OPERATION
2019
Contents
1. Introduction to Electricity Distribution System ..................................................................... 3
2. Authorized Person for Maintenance Work Execution ........................................................... 5
3. Maintenance of 33 KV Sub-Transmission System ................................................................ 8
4. Maintenance of HT Consumer’s Premises .......................................................................... 11
5. Maintenance Of 33/11 Kv Substation .................................................................................. 12
6. Instructions for operator of 33/11 KV S/s in respect of various Alarms ............................. 13
7. Pre-monsoon and post monsoon maintenance and check list thereof ................................. 15
8. Maintenance Power Transformer ......................................................................................... 22
9. Operation and Maintenance of 11 kV 600 KVAR Capacitor Bank .................................... 25
10. Operation and Maintenance of 11 kV 1200 KVAr Capacitor Bank .................................... 26
11. Reconditioning of Power Transformer ................................................................................ 27
12. Procedure for replacement / repairing of failed Power Transformer ................................... 28
13. Maintenance Of 11kV Primary Distribution System:- ........................................................ 40
14. Maintenance of 11/0.4 kv Distribution Transformer ........................................................... 42
15. Maintenance of LT Distribution System .............................................................................. 46
16. Chart of safe clearances ....................................................................................................... 50
17. Breakdown management and Disaster management ........................................................... 51
18. SAFETY FORM .................................................................................................................. 58
19. Sub Permit Safety Form ....................................................................................................... 60
1. Introduction to Electricity Distribution System
Power distribution system under the control of Madhya Pradesh Poorv Kshetra Vidyut
Vitaran Company starts from the outgoing points of EHV Substations at 33 KV or 11 KV
System. 33 KV Sub-transmission system is feeding power supply to the HT Consumers and
33/11 KV Substations. 11 KV Primary Distribution system is emanating from 33/11 KV
Substations feeding power supply to HT Consumers and 11000/440-220 volts Distribution
transformers for supply to LT Three Phase and Single-Phase consumers. System’s Indicating
sketch as below is explaining the Power Distribution System.
Image 1: Simplified Electrical Power Transmission System

Image 2: Schematic Distribution Diagram
In order to maintain continuity of supply as per demand and requirement of Power,

Distribution System is considered for maintenance in sections as under: -
1. 33 KV Sub-Transmission System.
2. 33/11 KV Substations.
3. 11 KV Primary Distribution System.
4. 11/0.4 KV Distribution Substations.
5. L.T. Distribution System.
2. Authorized Person for Maintenance Work Execution
Regional Chief Engineers are empowered to sanction 1500 Man-days per City/(O&M)
Divisions per year for maintenance of the Distribution System as defined above. Above 1500
Man-days with line staff and help of local bodies as Nagar Nigam for tree branches trimming
etc., maintenance works are to be carried out.
S. Designati Responsible
Officer Description of works for which He is Authorized.
No. on
1. Authorized to receive/issue permit to work on Dead up to 33
KV line or equipments isolated from all source of supply,
EE/AE/JE Supdt.
1. earthed, discharged, and short circuited and carry out the
. Engineer.
work under his supervision with strict compliance of Safety
procedures and rules.
1. Authorized to receive permit to work on Dead 11 KV line or
equipments isolated from all source of supply by authorized
person, earthed, discharged, and short circuited and carryout
Line Executive the work under his supervision with strict compliance of
2.
Inspector. Engineer. Safety procedures and rules.
2. Authorized to carry out the work under his supervision on LT
line or equipment upto 440 VAC with strict compliance of
Safety procedures and rules.
1. Authorized to receive permit to work on Dead 11 KV line or
equipments isolated from all source of supply by authorized
Line Assistant
person, earthed, discharged, and short circuited and carryout
Man/ Engineer/
3. the work under Authorized person’s supervision with strict
Asstt Line Junior
compliance of Safety procedures and rules.
Man. Engineer.
2. Authorized to work on LT line or equipment up to 440 VAC
with strict compliance of Safety procedures and rules.
1. Authorized to work under supervision of Line Man/Assistant
Line Man/ Line Inspector/ Junior Engineer or any authorized
person on Dead, earthed LT line or equipment upto 440 VAC
for Fuse replacement Bulb replacement work with strict
Line Junior
4. compliance of Safety procedures and rules.
Helper. Engineer.
2. Authorized to work on Meter Board, Switch, Cutout,
Substation Switch fuse replacement. But he shall be
responsible to work with strict compliance of Safety
procedures and rules.
Note: -
1. Line Man/Asstt Line Man individually posted in rural area are authorized to work on line
upto11000 volts after isolating the A.B. Switches, providing locks, Discharging, Earth
connecting for urgent work of fuse replacement etc. But he shall be solely responsible to
work with strict compliance of Safety procedures and rules.
2. Line Helpers having experience of line maintenance work of 10 years may be authorized by
EE to work on line up to 11000 volts after isolating the A.B. Switches, providing locks,
Discharging, Earth connecting for urgent work of fuse replacement etc. But he shall be solely
responsible to work with strict compliance of Safety procedures and rules.
2.1. Responsibility for Issue of permit to work on line or equipments

Permit to work on line or equipments shall be issued to the Engineer or Line Inspector by
the Substation Operator under the responsibility and supervision of Substation’s OIC after
isolation of the line or equipments from the main source and obtaining Not to Back Feed permits
from all possible alternate sources and affixing the Caution Board that “Caution Do Not Close
Men on work”.
2.2. Responsibility for maintenance and Operation of Distribution System

Regional Chief Engineer shall be responsible for continues monitoring of maintenance and
operation of 33 KV Sub-transmission system. Maintenance of 33 KV line and Bus of 33/11 KV
Substation shall be carried out by (O&M) wing and maintenance of 33/11 KV Substation
equipments, Power Transformer etc. shall be carried out by STM wing.
Regional Chief Engineer shall be responsible to ensure maintenance of 33 KV Sub-
transmission system completed up to 30th May of every year.
Regional Chief Engineer shall be responsible to ensure submission of consolidated report
of33 KV Sub-transmission system’s maintenance up to 30th June of every year to the ED/CE
Corporate Office.
Corporate Office will depute team for verification of maintenance work and quality by
sample check after receiving the Sub-transmission system’s maintenance report from Regional
Chief Engineers.
Superintending Engineer of the Circle shall be responsible for continues monitoring of
maintenance and operation of 11 KV Primary Distribution system. Maintenance of 11 KV line
and DTRs shall be carried out by (O&M) wing.
Superintending Engineer shall be responsible to ensure maintenance of 11 KV system
completed up to 30th June of every year.
Superintending Engineer shall be responsible to ensure submission of consolidated report of
11 KV Sub-transmission system’s maintenance up to 25th July of every year to the Regional
Chief Engineer Office.
Regional Chief Engineer Office will depute team for verification of maintenance work and
quality by sample check after receiving the 11 KV system’s maintenance report from
Superintending Engineer. Further Regional Chief Engineer shall be responsible to ensure
submission of consolidated report of 11 KV system’s maintenance up to 30thJuly of every year
to the ED/CE Corporate Office.
Executive Engineer of the (O&M)/City Division shall be responsible for continue monitoring
of maintenance and operation of DTRs and LT Distribution system. Maintenance of DTRs and
LT Distribution system shall be carried out by (O&M) wing.
Executive Engineer shall be responsible to ensure maintenance of DTRs and LT Distribution
system is completed up to 30thJune of every year.
Executive Engineer shall be responsible to ensure submission of consolidated report of DTRs
and LT Distribution system’s maintenance up to 25thJuly of every year to the Superintending
Engineer Office.
Superintending Engineer Office will depute team for verification of maintenance work and
quality by sample check after receiving the DTRs and LT Distribution system’s maintenance
report from Executive Engineer. Further Superintending Engineer shall be responsible to ensure
submission of consolidated report of DTRs and LT Distribution system’s maintenance up to
30thJuly of every year to the Regional Chief Engineer who will submit to ED/CE Corporate
Office.
2.3. Time limit for restoration of supply after Breakdowns

Responsible concerned Engineers in general shall ensure restoration of supply within time
limit after Breakdowns as under:-
1. 33 KV Supply shall be restored within 2 Hrs., after breakdown in Urban / Town area
(When support of line is not damaged).
2. 33 KV Supply shall be restored within 4 Hrs., after breakdown in Rural area (When support
of line is not damaged).
3. Failed Power Transformer shall be replaced within 24 Hrs., in Area Store Head Quarter area.
4. Failed Power Transformer shall be replaced within 48 Hrs., in other than Area Store Head
Quarter area.
5. 11 KV Supply shall be restored within 4 Hrs., after breakdown in Urban/Town area (When
support of line is not damaged).
6. 11 KV Supply shall be restored within 6 Hrs., after breakdown in Rural area in day light
hours (When support of line is not damaged).
7. Failed Distribution Transformer shall be replaced within 24 Hrs., in Urban/Town
area.
8. Failed Distribution Transformer shall be replaced within 48 Hrs., in rural area.
9. LT Supply shall be restored within 4 Hrs., after breakdown in Urban/Town area (When
support of line is not damaged).
10.LT Supply shall be restored within 8 Hrs., after breakdown in Rural area in day light hours
(When support of line is not damaged).
11.In case of any delay in restoration of supply as indicated above, concerned Executive engineer
shall be responsible to submit the detailed report on the breakdown through Superintending
Engineer to Regional Chief Engineer. Regional Chief Engineer shall submit said report to
Corporate Office with affixing the responsibility on delay caused for restoration of supply.
3. Maintenance of 33 KV Sub-Transmission System
Regional Chief Engineer and Superintending Engineer City/(O&M) shall be responsible for
maintenance and continue operation of 33 KV Sub-Transmission System.
3.1. Preventive Maintenance

In consideration of expected breakdowns in monsoon and natural disturbances, Pre-Monsoon
and Post Monsoon maintenance is necessary for weak insulator replacement, resagging of loose
conductors, rebinding, and clearance maintenance of conductors as per standards from
trees/pole/guarding/ground level etc. to avoid the breakdowns. Action to be ensured as under:-
1. Superintending Engineer City/(O&M) shall be responsible for coordination with local

bodies for obtaining the services of tree pruning etc. and engineers under him to decide
programs for maintenance work of 33 KV Sub-Transmission System.
BEFORE MAINTENANCE AFTER MAINTENANCE
2. According to the predefined programs, Shut-Down Notice in advance of 48 Hours is to be

issued to the HT Consumers and consumers of effected area through News Papers and
Media services etc. Supply from 33/11 KV Substations having alternate 33 KV supply
source may be arranged by alternate source for power supply if possible.
3. According to the predefined programs, patrolling teams shall be allotted for patrolling the
line maintenance in sections with responsible officers as team leader EE to minimum level
of Line Inspectors.
4. On the predefined date and time, all the officers and line staff shall be responsible to report
with required tools, safety appliances, expected line materials etc. Predefined team leader
(EE/AE) will take permit to work on the line from original source end and Not to Back
Feed Permit from all the expected substations/points from where back feeding of supply
is possible. Locations of interconnection with other lines through AB Switch/Isolator from
where back feeding is possible, Switches shall be kept open, locked and individual person
shall be deputed with clear instructions regarding not to operate till next instructions.
Special care shall be taken for Permit to work shall be taken from all the feeding ends and
ensure that all the VCBs are OFF, Switches are open and locked, Caution Boards are
affixed. Specific remarks shall be entered in the job-sheet of section incharge of
patrolling team regarding crossing or availability of other lines or on the same support of
the line taken for maintenance to avoid accidents. 33 KV AB or Armored cable may cause
hazardous shock due to statically charge. All the conductors shall be discharged Short
circuited and earthed to ensure the Safety Zone before work execution. Counting of the
persons must be ensured before and after the work execution. After maintenance work
execution, all the line shorting, earthing, and discharge are to be removed before
cancellation of work permit.
5. Predefined team leader (EE/AE) will issue Sub-Permit to work to the other team in-charge
with clear instructions as above, dated signature and time.
6. Concerned team leader shall carryout the maintenance work and submit the patrolling
report on prescribed format. Additional work like Pole straightening/ Pole
replacement/heavy tree cutting/conductor replacement/revetment of land erosion due to
flood or other reasons, re-grouting of Stays etc with help of STC wing/local bodies.
BEFORE MAINTENANCE (TILTED POLE) AFTER MAINTENANCE

BEFORE MAINTENANCE (TILTED INSULATOR) AFTER MAINTENANCE
7. Team leaders shall be responsible to ensure strict compliance of safety procedures and
rules during maintenance work.
8. Team leaders shall be responsible to ensure strict compliance of standard practices
regarding safe clearance of 33 KV lines from ground level Railway/Road crossing.
Guarding of Railway/Road crossing must be made intact and effectively connected to
earth.
9. Team leaders shall be responsible to ensure that lightening Arrestors are invariably
connected with line and properly earthed at both the ends of overhead/underground cable.
4. Maintenance of HT Consumer’s Premises
No any isolation arrangement with AB Switch or Isolator is permitted between the line from
source substation to the Metering CTPT in the premises of HT Consumer.
During the monthly reading or inspection of HT Consumers, Officers of STM/MT/(O&M)
shall be responsible jointly to ensure inspection and maintenance of system as under:-
1. Physical joint inspection of all the seals to be done and compare with the previous record.
If any abnormality is noticed, procedure of panchanama etc. is to be adopted. In absence
of Joint team Officers of STM/MT/(O&M), any single authority shall not be authorized in
any condition to temper/alter any seal or connection of metering system.
2. Ensure intact earth connection with the screening of AB cables and Metering equipments.
3. Ensure intact connections of CTPT unit’s terminals and apply proper insulation.
4. Ensure mechanical intactness of GI Pipe covering of the cable connected between CTPT
Secondary terminal box to Meter Box.
5. Ensure intact connections of lightening Arrestors with cable ends and earth connections.
6. Ensure oil level up to the mark in CTPT Unit and prevent oil leakage.
5. Maintenance Of 33/11 Kv Substation
33/11KV substation is a prime part of Power distribution network, for uninterrupted power
supply to distribution areas with possible minimum outages. This is possible only if the
equipments installed at 33/11KV S/s i.e. power transformers and other equipments along with
their protective equipment must be maintained properly to render healthy and fault free services.
Breakdown of such costlier equipments not only threaten the life of such equipment but also
cause outage in supply and therefore financial loss to company. Hence in order to avoid
breakdown of such equipments, preventive maintenance is utmost necessary. Therefore, the staff
posted in 33/11KV S/s is supposed to have sufficient technical know-how in regard to these
equipments for proper operation and maintenance of same. The power transformer is the main
equipment which involved a considerable cost also and therefore installed with a complete
protective system comprising of 33KV vacuum circuit breaker, 11KV vacuum circuit breaker,
33KV & 11KV L.A., 33KV & 11KV current transformer, isolators, AB switch, control panel,
battery and battery charger.
Normally the useful life of power transformer and associated protective equipments is
assessed to 25 years or more depends on the way it is being operated and maintained. The most
prominent cause of failure of power transformer is identified due to overloading and failure of
protective system. Apart from this lack of maintenance is also another cause of failure. Hence it
is necessary to carry out scheduled maintenance of all equipments installed in 33/11KV S/s
regularly as per the maintenance guidelines laid out.
At the 33/11KV S/s the maintenance of power transformer and their protective equipment
is carried out by EE(STM) / AE (TSG) as per maintenance schedule. Maintenance of other part
like isolator, bus, jumpers, battery, earthing and safety appliances is being done by EE(O&M) /
AE(O&M) / JE (O&M) of concerned (O&M) Division.
12
6. Instructions for operator of 33/11 KV S/s in respect of
various Alarms
S. No. Alarm Indicator Necessary Action
Accept the alarm. Note down indication, go to yard and observe
for temperature rise if any, by touching the body of Power
1 Oil Temp. Alarm transformer. The reading of winding/oil temperature meter
recorded and inform to EE/AE immediately for abnormality
developed if any.
Accept the alarm. Note down indication, go to yard and observe
Winding Temp. for temperature rise if any, by touching the body of Power
2 Alarm transformer. The reading of winding/oil temp. meter recorded and
inform to EE/AE immediately for abnormality developed if any.
Accept the alarm and then isolate the PTR from load. First of all,
3 Buchhloz Alarm 11 KV load should be isolated by hand tripping the 11 KV VCB
followed by 33 KV VCB. Inform to EE/AE immediately
Accept the alarm and then isolate the PTR from load. First of all,
4 Buchhloz Trip 11 KV load should be isolated by hand tripping the 11 KV VCB
followed by 33 KV VCB. Inform to EE/AE immediately
Capacitor Bank Cancelled the alarm, note the relay indication and inform to
5 Trip EE/AE.
Accept the alarm note down the indication and action to be taken
6 Feeder Breaker Trip
according to operating instruction.
6.1. Buchholz Relay:

The Buchholz Relay operated mainly due to internal fault developed in the Xmer for any
of the following reasons:-
S. No. Alarm may be actuated due to

1. Core bolt insulation failure
2. Core lamination short
3. Internal loose contact
4. Internal local hot point
5. Low oil level due to frequent oil leakage
6. Air trapped inside the Xmer accumulated in relay.
MPPKVVCL, JABALPUR 13
WORKING OF BUCHHOLZ RELAY
S. No. Tripping may occur due to

1. Two phase short circuit
2. Inter turn short circuit
3. Winding to earth short
4. Puncture of bushing
5. Trip contact short by insects
7. Pre-monsoon and post monsoon maintenance and
check list thereof
1. All the gasket joints of Xmer‘s body to be checked and ensure there is no any oil
leakage from any joint.
2. To clean the HV & LV bushing, checked for cracks and replace same immediately if
found defective.
3. Trapped air should be released from all bushings, radiator and Buchholz relay.
4. Buchholz relay, winding and oil temperature alarm/trip should be checked and
ensure the tripping of the Power Xmer tripped from both ends via master trip relay.
5. The oil must be available upto specified level. It has to be confirmed via glass oil level
indicator, by magnetic oil level indicator. However, for physically verification, open
the top cover of conservator and confirm the fill level.
6. The main tank of the Power Xmer must be earthed from two points terminated in
separate earth pits. Connection must be checked for its proper tightness.
7. The silica gel color must be blue and oil in oil cup should be upto the mark.
8. The thermometer pocket should be cleaned and filled with fresh oil.
9. The cleaning of CT and connection of primary and secondary must be checked for
tightness.
10.It has to ensure that CT & PT connection must be terminated through marshalene box
to control panel and star point must be made only at marshalene box which should be
properly tighten and earthed. The box should also be earthed properly.
11.After finishing the assigned job, a check should be made to ensure that no tools,
clothes, any other material is left on Xmer top.
12.The neutral connection tightness must be checked. It should be clamped with proper
size clamps. Both neutral points from the neutral bushing of the transformer should be
connected to separate earth pits.
7.1. Current Transformer:

The current Xmer is provided mainly for metering and protection purpose for which
the current Xmer have two core, one for metering and other for protection. Accuracy class
of both core are different. For protection, CT core should have 5P10 or 10P10 accuracy class
whereas metering side core having 0.5 or 1.0 accuracy class.
33KV CT
7.2. Testing of CT:

IR value of CT must be taken through the 1KV megger. Care should be taken to ensure
that when the secondary to secondary or secondary to earth IR value is measured, the megger
used should have 500 V rating as higher DC voltage may cause core saturation.
Terminal Measured Value

Primary to Earth = MΩ
Primary to 1S1 = MΩ
Primary to 2S1 = MΩ
1S1 to Earth = MΩ
2S1 to Earth = MΩ
1S1 to 2S1 = MΩ
P is the primary, 1S1 and 2S1 are the terminals of secondary core.
7.3. Polarity Test :

Primary of CT have marked with P1 and P2 for main and load. When DC voltage injected
via cell on primary side with P1 connected to + ve of cell and P2 to negative of cell and
instantly make and break these connections , to see the indication of deflection on voltmeter
on secondary core. It has to ensure that when one core is under testing, the other core must
be shorted.
7.4. Primary Injection:
The primary current is injected on primary P1 and P2 terminal Via loading Xmer and
current is measured in secondary terminal to check the CT ratio error. The permissible limit
of ratio error is ±10%.
Primary Current onP1- Measure in Secondary Measure insecondary2S1-

S. No. % error
P2 1S1-1S2 2S2
1 100%
2 50%
3 30%
4 10%
7.5. Control Panel:

It is an indoor equipment installed at control room and earthed in separate earth pit.
Control Panel provided the indication of OFF/ON, Trip Circuit healthy for VCB. The control
panel also equipped with Ammeter, Voltmeter to indicate the instantaneous values of current
and voltage in all the three phases.
During maintenance all cable connections are to be checked for their tightness. All
indications are to be checked. AC and DC supply to be checked. All cable connections should
be terminated as per approved schematic drawing using proper ferruling and coding.
7.6. Relay:
To protect the Power Xmer from over current during normal and fault conditions, the
relay is installed to serve the purpose by sensing the over current/fault current
instantaneously. Normally 2 O/C + 1E/F relays are provided on 11KV side of Power Xmer
and 33 and 11 Kv feeders whereas 3 O/C relays are provided on primary side of Power Xmer.
Testing of relays have to be carried out as per the schedule and all settings i.e. plug setting,
time lever setting, and relay characteristic should be checked and verify according to relay
coordination to avoid the tripping at EHV substation.
7.7. Battery/ Battery Charger:

The 30 Volt DC is required for tripping and indication thereof. All protective equipments
are connected to DC supply from the battery of substation . One battery set comprised of 15
nos. cells each having 2.0-volt rating to provide total 150 AH capacity to battery. The battery
charger should always remain connected with load and battery. During maintenance, each
cell should be cleaned, distilled water should be top-up to marked level, tightness of battery
terminal and connected strips should be checked, and petroleum jelly should be applied
invariably on all joints to avoid sulphation.
7.8. Lightning Arrestor:
The Lightning .Arrestor is provided to protect various substation equipments from
lightning strokes. During maintenance of lightning arrestor, first of all, check is performed
to ensure no puncture or cracks on porcelain insulator. Measure the IR values from terminal
to earth. It to ensure that both of the earth terminal at lightning arrestor should be connected
to separate earth pits specifically meant for it.
7.9. Vacuum Circuit Breaker:
It is the equipment to isolate the supply in Normal and fault condition. During
maintenance, the IR values of all three phases should be taken using 1KV megger. Clean all
porcelain parts with ensuring to jumper intact. More importantly the VCB should be tested
for performing its satisfactory working at 70 and 110% of DC voltage. Meggering should be
done to measure the insulation resistance between terminals as suggested below. It should
be performed for each phase separately.
Terminal Measured Value

Upper Pole to Earth = MΩ
Upper Pole to Lower Pole = MΩ
Lower Pole to Earth = MΩ
During maintenance it should be checked that the structure of VCB is earthed properly.
VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER AFTER MAINTENANCE
7.10. Metering Equipment:

For energy audit, the metering equipment (CT,PT unit) is installed at each incoming and
outgoing feeders. The primary side of the metering equipment is connected to HV side and
secondary connected to respective CT and PT terminals of energy meter. During
maintenance the IR value of metering equipment should be taken using 1KV megger. If the
consumption is not being recorded correctly, the phase association should be checked along
with ME ratio . Metering equipment should be earthed properly from available two points
and the earth connections should be checked for their tightness.
FAILED ME (SWELLED ME) AFTER MAINTENANCE
7.11. Earthing:
Earthing is provided to clear the fault current due to system disturbances and to keep all
equipments at same voltage in the event of the fault condition. All the equipments of
substation should be properly earthed and connected to earth mesh and earth pit. The earth
resistance of substation and each earth pit must be taken once in a year by earth tester. The
earth resistance must be below to 1.0-ohm else necessary arrangements should made to
improve same.
8. Maintenance Power Transformer
8.1. Power Transformer Maintenance Schedule
Time Responsible
S. No. Work
Cycle Officer
Checking of breather of power transformer to observe the color of Operator of

1 Daily
silica gel. If it turned from Blue to Pink replaced and reconditioned. 33/11KV S/s
The oil level indicator on Power X-mar indicates the level of oil in
Operator of
2 conservator tank. Level to be checked daily. Same to be recorded in Daily
33/11KV S/s
log book of sub-station.
The physical observation for tightness of clamps connection, joints or
red-hot points and any abnormal sound produced by Power X-mar & Operator of
3 Daily
other equipments. To be checked daily and recorded in log book of 33/11KV S/s
sub-station.
Two temperature meters are provided in Power Xmer for observing

Operator of
4. winding and oil temperatures each. The hourly reading of both temp. Hourly
33/11KV S/s
meter is taken and recorded in log book of S/s.
The physical observation of explosion vent of power Xmer from

Operator of
5 ground to ensure no oil leakages or cracks developed in diaphragm. Daily
33/11KV S/s
Recorded same in log book of S/s.
The maintenance of battery by cleaning, pouring the distilled water

Operator of
6 upto specified level and reading of pilot cell voltages specific gravity. Daily
33/11KV S/s
To be checked daily and recorded in log book of sub-station.
After taking shut down on power Xmer, the explosion vent, pipe and EE STM/AE
7 Quarterly
diaphragm are to be physically checked for their healthy condition. TSG
The IR value of Power Xmer (by 5KV/1 KV Megger) from HV to

earth, LV to earth and HV to LV after disconnecting the neutral from
earth. The measured IR values at the ambient temperature should be
EE STM/AE
8 converted at 60o C and then compare same with the initial Quarterly
TSG
commissioning results and records should be maintained. (Action
required for reconditioning if results appeared to go beyond safe
value)
9 The silica gel breather unit completely detached from Power Xmer Quarterly EE STM/AE
Time Responsible
S. No. Work
Cycle Officer
for cleaning and filling with fresh silica gel and oil upto specified TSG
level in oil cup.
The alarm and trip contact of winding temp. and oil temp. meters
EE STM/AE
10 shorted to check the tripping of VCB from both ends. (Prior to test Quarterly
TSG
VCB should be kept in ON position).
Oil samples of Power Xmer drain out from sample valve and
properly collected in container and tested at oil testing laboratory
EE STM/AE
11 (MTRU) for moisture content, BDV, tan ∂ and resistivity. Test result Quarterly
TSG
should be compared with the specified values to take further actions
accordingly.
Main Buchholz relay and OLTC Buchholz relay alarm and trip
EE STM/AE
12 contacts are to be checked for alarm and tripping of VCB. (By short Quarterly
TSG
circuited contacts physically)
For testing of mercury switch provided in Buchholz Relay, both the
valves provided at conservator and main tank side are kept closed.
Now oil is drained out directly from Buchholz Relay by opening its EE STM/AE
13 Quarterly
bottom nut. As the air to go inside, first float makes contacts of TSG
mercury switch to actuate the alarm followed by actuation of trip
contact of other mercury switch
Checking of tightness of the jumpers at HV and LV bushings and of
EE STM/AE
14 neutral connection at neutral terminals and earthing point. The IR Quarterly
TSG
values of all protective equipments.
The calibration of winding temp. Meter/oil temp. meter by standard EE STM/AE
15 Quarterly
thermometer. TSG
The magnitude of exciting current of the power transformer should
be measured at the time of maintenance and compared same with the
EE STM/AE
16 initial values. Higher value of exciting current indicates the Quarterly
TSG
possibility of internal leakage or short circuit between winding
layers.
The resistance of HV side winding and LV side winding must be
17 EE STM/AE
recorded during maintenance and maintain the record. Quarterly
TSG
The thermometer pocket provided on Xmer main tank. Get it cleaned EE STM/AE
18 Quarterly
and top-up with fresh Xmer oil. TSG
As per
EE STM/AE
19 The inspection of core and winding to be done if it is very essential. Requirem
TSG
ent
The IR values of lightening arrestor installed at both sides of PTR to
EE STM/AE
20 be taken and maintained the record. The arrestor must be changed for Quarterly
TSG
any chipping observed in insulator. The earthings of LA to be
Time Responsible
S. No. Work
Cycle Officer
checked physically for their tightness.
The control panel of substation should be inspected thoroughly for
tightness of wiring, annunciation, ON/OF indication, supply of DC
and AC at control panels. The fuses on both circuit to be checked for
proper sizes. The setting of relays i.e. O/C relay and E/F relay, over EE STM/AE
21 Quarterly
voltage relay should be carried out along with alarm annunciation TSG
and tripping. The % setting of O/C and E/F relay and time lever
setting with the operating characteristics as per relay coordination
should be checked and maintain the record.
The testing of relay for their healthy operation and characteristics
should be performed by relay testing kit and actual time of fault EE STM/AE
22 Quarterly
clearance by injecting the current should be checked to ensure TSG
coordination with EHV substation.
Maintenance of battery set should be done to ensure proper DC
voltage, specific gravity, tightness of strips and cleaning of
EE STM/AE
23 connecting strips. Petroleum jelly should be applied to avoid the Quarterly
TSG
sulphation. During once in year, the operation of float charging/Boost
charging should be checked for the healthiness of battery charger.
A number of earth pits are provided in 33/11KV S/s. for proper
clearance fault current during system instability keeping the
EE STM/AE
24 operating staff safe. The earth resistance of all earth pit should be Quarterly
TSG
measured by earth tester and value to be recorded and maintained. It
is preferable to take the earth resistance in the month of May/June.
BEFORE MAINTENANCE (RED SILICA GEL) AFTER MAINTENANCE (BLUE SILICA GEL)
9. Operation and Maintenance of 11 kV 600 KVAR
Capacitor Bank
1. Before putting the Capacitor Bank in service, the earth switch must be opened to
isolate same from earth and then only the main isolator contacts should be closed.
Further it should be ensuring that all male/female contacts of all phases of isolator
should get arrested in each other properly.
2. During the operation of isolator or electrical equipment, the hand gloves must be used
by the operator.
3. 600 KVAR bank equipped with an automatic vacuum switch which operates
automatically producing a prominent sound when the load current become more than
52 Amp.
4. After every tripping, the automatic switch of Capacitor Bank takes 10 minutes time
interval. Thereafter the it brings the capacitor bank back to normal service only when
the current valued more than 52 Amps. The automatic switch keeps the capacitor bank
in service for a system voltage ranging only between 9 KV to 12 KV. Beyond this
values the automatic switch will remain Off.
5. For maintenance or replacement of fuse of Capacitor unit, supply should be tripped
from Xmer main VCB. Then the bank isolator should be opened, and earth switch
closed and after discharging of all three phases, the maintenance work should be
carried out.
Note:- While attempting the megger on the Capacitor unit, both bushing terminals must be
shorted by a link and then only values should be taken.
10. Operation and Maintenance of 11 kV 1200 KVAr
Capacitor Bank
1. Ensure that the control panel of Capacitor VCB is healthy and getting rated DC
voltage.
2. Before charging of capacitor bank, trip test of VCB (associated with capacitor bank)
must be carried out via relays for satisfactory working of VCB.
3. Before putting the Capacitor Bank in service, the earth switch must be opened to
isolate same from earth and then only the main isolator contacts should be closed.
Further it should be ensuring that all male/female contacts of all phases of isolator
should get arrested in each other properly
4. Before putting the VCB in service it should be checked that the trip circuit should be
healthy and other relays must be reset. It must be ensuring that the load on Xmer is
more than 100 Amps and then only the VCB should be put ON from control Room.
5. In the event of any circuit fault in Capacitor Bank or main supply goes off, the Bank
VCB should trip immediately. After restoration of power supply, further action should
be taken as per point 4 above.
6. For maintenance or replacement of fuse of Capacitor unit, supply should be tripped
from Xmer main VCB. Then the bank isolator should be opened, and earth switch
closed and after discharging of all three phases, the maintenance work should be
carried out.
7. If Capacitor Bank tripped on O/C or E/F indication or on unbalanced voltage, operator
should immediate inform same to EE(STM)/AE (TSG).
Note:- While attempting the megger on the Capacitor unit, both bushing terminals must be
shorted by a link and then only values should be taken
11. Reconditioning of Power Transformer
During service, Power Xmer always keep energized. Due to temperature variation and
presence of moisture content in the environment, the insulation values get deteriorated
continuously. Beyond permissible limits of such deterioration, such transformers required
immediate reconditioning to avoid premature complete failure. Reconditioning enhance the
service life of Xmer. IR values in respect of every Power Xmer must be taken quarterly and
recorded. Such arrived values are converted at 60oC. If the converted IR value is observed
below 75 MΩ (between HV – E) and break down voltage of oil is observed below 30 KV it
is a clear indication that the Xmer required reconditioning. The conversion chart is enclosed
in Annexure-3. At present Company has given the rate contract award to different repairers
for reconditioning of Xmer. Such Xmer are allotted to repairers by regional CE’s and the
process is being monitored by CGM (O&M) at corporate office.
11.1. Procedure:
1. Power Xmer’s having poor IR value and required reconditioning are enlisted and
submitted to higher offices. Regional CE allotted same to repairs as per the merit.
2. If load on a particular transformer proposed for reconditioning, is not managed by the
neighboring transformer in same substation, a separate transformer of suitable
capacity should be installed to take the load of the relieved transformer.
3. The proposed Power Xmer seeking reconditioning, should be returned to Area Store
safely by EE(O&M)/EE(STM). In Area Store the repairer or its representative along
with EE(STM) make a joint testing. Further action for reconditioning is taken by
regional Chief Engineer office adhering to prevailing rate contact award. After
reconditioning. the Xmer returned by repairers to area store.
12. Procedure for replacement / repairing of failed
Power Transformer
On reporting of any abnormality developed in existing Power Xmer, the concerned
EE(STM) after performing necessary tests as required and as per his findings, may declared
same as failed followed by sending saving ram to this effect. Here it has to be confirmed
whether the said transformer has got failed within or beyond the guarantee period. If the
Xmer failed within guarantee period of supply or repair, it should be informed immediately
to CE (Pur.) along with concerned manufacture/repairer with testing results so that action
may be taken accordingly as per prevailing purchase order/rate contact whichever is
applicable.
If the Xmer failed beyond guarantee period, it should be informed immediately to
higher officer and supply should be managed from other transformer on priority.
EE(STM)/EE(O&M) after carrying out a joint inspection and testing, submitted a PRDR
(Performa Report and Detailed report) to higher officer indicating all possible technical
reasons responsible for such failure. After the failed Xmer is returned to Area Store, the
CE(Stores) has allotted same to repairer as per the rate contact award. After the allotment,
the further action such as joint inspection, store inspection, allotment of oil, and final
inspection are arranged by regional CE office. The formats of PR/DR are enclosed is
enclosed as Annexure-4.
APPENDIX-1
Sub:-Commissioning report of Power Xmer/ NEW/ Repair/

Reconditioned/Augmentation/Additional.
Sr. No History & Details of Power X-mer
1 Name of 33/11KV S/s
2 Name of Circle
3 Name of (O&M) Dn.
4 Power Xmer Commissioned (Aug/Addl./After repair/ Reconditioned
5 Name of Manufacturer/Repairer
6 Sr. No. of Xmer
7 Name of Repair / Sr. no. & date of Repair
8 Capacity of Xmer
9(a) Voltage of Xmer 33KV Side
9(b) Voltage of Xmer 11KV Side
10 % impedance of Xmer
11 No. of Taps
12 Transformer commissioned at Tap no.
13 P.O. No. of Xmer/ RCA Award no. of Repairers
14 Power Xmer receive from Area store/ Repairer
15 Gate pass nos. Date
16 Xmer commissioned against STN work (Aug/Addl./Failure)
17 Details of Old Xmer
17(a) Make of Transformer
17(b) Sr. No. of Transformer
17(c) Name of Manufacturer
17(d) Capacity of Xmer
Xmer proposed to be Commissioned at 33/11KV S/s or returned to area
17(e)
(Date) Store
EE (O&M) EE (STM)
M.P.P.K.V.V.C.L.__________ M.P.P.K.V.V.C.L.__________
1. Date of Commissioning ------------------------------------------
2. Name of 33/11 KV S/s ------------------------------------------
3. Name of Manufacture/ Repairer ------------------------------------------
4. Sr. No. of Xmer ------------------------------------------
5. % Impedance of Xmer ------------------------------------------
1. IR Value of Power X-mer :-
VALUE IN 15 SECOND VALUE IN 60 SECOND
Winding IR Value (MΩ) Winding IR Value (MΩ)
HV – E HV – E
LV – E LV – E
HV - LV HV - LV
2. Winding Resistance of HV side & LV side of Power X-mer :-

HV Winding Resistance LV Winding Resistance LV Winding to Neutral
Resistance
Winding Value (Ω) Winding Value (Ω Winding Value (Ω
RY ry rn
YB yb yn
BR br bn
3. Voltage Ratio Test :-

Tap no. RY YB BR ry yb br rn yn bn
(Volt.) (Volt.) (Volt.) (Volt.) (volt.) (Volt.) (Volt.) (Volt.) (Volt.)
1
2
3
4
5
6
4. Magnetizing current HV open circuited /LV open circuited :-

Phase (HV open Current (mA) Tap No.(2) Phase (LV open Current (mA) Tap No.(2)
circuited) circuited)
R r
Y y
B b
5. Magnetic Balance test :-
Tap No. Phase Phase to Phase HV Side Phase to Phase LV Side LV Side to Neutral (Volt)
out (Volt) (Volt)
RY YB BR ry yb br rn yn bn
02 B
02 R
02 Y
6. Vector Group Test:-

0.4KV (LT) Supply given on HV side.
Phase Voltage (Volt) Phase Voltage (Volt) Phase Voltage (Volt) R
RY Rn Rb
YB Yn Bb
n
BR Ry By
y
b
HV Side R phase and LV side R phase is short circuited. B Y
RY = Rn + Yn
Rb = Ry
By > Bb
7. Short Circuit Test:- 0.4 KV (LT) supply on HV side given and LV side of the Transformer is Short
circuited with neutral.
Phase Current (Amp) Phase Current (Amp) Neutral Current (Amp)
R r n
Y y
B b
Remarks of Testing Results :-
EE (O&M) EE (STM)
Protection check before energizing of Power Transformer
1 All radiator valves bottom/Top opened

2 Oil filled up to filled level
3 Air release from Buchhloz & Top cover and Bushing of
HV & LV
4 Buchholz alarm/Trip test check by injecting Air or
drainage of oil from Buchholz (Both side valve closed)
5 Equalizer pipe of conservator/Explosion vent open
6 Silica Breather fitted / Oil filled in oil cup, up Mark level
7 Any leakage observed /tank / Bushing/ Radiator/Valve
8 Trip test from both side taken through the over
current/earth fault relay
9 Setting provided on relay 33KV/11KV side Over current relay
(a) Plug setting
(b) Time lever Setting
Earth Fault relay
(c) Plug setting
(d) Time lever Setting
10 CT ratio of 33KV side & 11KV side (CT ratio required to 33KV Side
be changed because of higher capacity Xmer Augmented 11KV Side
if yes Requirement )
11 Transformer Charged on dated
12 Load on Xmer taken at
Remark
EE (O&M) EE (STM)
Appendix-2
Name of Circle: _________________ Name of STM Div.: ______________
1 Name of Executive Engineer (O&M)

2 Name of Executive Engineer (STM)
3 [A] Name of 33/11KV S/s where Xmer failed
[B] Date & time of failure
4 Specification of Equipment
Capacity
Volt. Ratio
Make
Sr. No.
Mfg. Year
5 [A] Purchase Order No.& Dt.
[B] Xmer failed in WGP/BGP
[C] If WGP name of supplier/ Repairer/ Reconditioner
6 Date of commissioning
7 Was the equipment new when installed at place where it failed
8 Date of last maintenance prior to failure of the equipment the following
result. (enclosed)
9 [A] I.R. value after breakdown, continuity between phases.
[B] Oil level.
[C] Condition of silica gel.
[D] BDV of oil with 2.5mm gap
10 Whether conditions at the time of failure.
[A] Resistance of earthing.
[B] Particulars of earthing.
11 [A] Whether lightening arrestor provided
[B] Whether lightening arrestor connections were tightened
[C]Type & rating of Lightening Arrestor.
[D] Earth resistance of LA earth Pit.
12 [A] Type of protective devices used on HV side.
[B] Rating and setting of protective device such as fuses OCB/VCB etc.
on the date of break down
14 The protective device operated on the LV/HV side. (Details of Setting
with CT Ratio)
15 Peak load recorded -Average load (in Amp)
16 Whether the transformer was repaired, name of repairer
17 Operation carried out for detection of failure.
(Test result enclosed)
18 Probable cause of break down
19 Details of damages (core inspection)
20 Restoration of supply.
Appendix -2(b)
Detail Report of Power Transformer Failure
Name of Circle:____________ Name of STM Div.:_______________
[I] DETAIL REPORT
[A] MAKE
[B] S. No. of Transformer
[C] Capacity
[D] Voltage Ratio
[E] Order against which purchase
[F] Whether New / Repaired
Whether it was installed previously also at other place / places for
[G]
which it remained in service to be also stated.
[H] If repaired details of earlier failed and repaired which date be given
[I] Time taken for repair / replacement of unit and its responsibility
Remedial measures taken / proposed to be taken for stoppage of such
[J]
failure in future
[K] Action taken to repair the unit
[L] Date of failure of Transformer previously at the same place.
[II]
[A] Date of installation
[B] Arrangement of Earthing and value of earth resistance.
Whether the Lightening Arrester was provided. Condition of
[C] Lightening Arrester after failure be stated along with the
resistance at Lightening Arrester.
[D] Condition of breather silica gel & oil level.
Details of Protection on primary and Secondary sides and
[E]
sizes of fuses on HV/LV side of transformer.
[III] MAINTENANCE
[A] Maintenance with dates I.R. value and oil test results.
[B] Details of I.R. value
A copy of maintenance of Xmer carried out prior to failure
[C]
(enclosed)
[IV] How the failure was detected
[V] Extent of damage
[VI] Reason of failure
[VII] Responsibility
[VIII] Restoration of supply
EE(O&M) EE(STM)
M.P.P.K.V.V.C.L M.P.P.K.V.V.C.L
Appendix-3
Minimum IR Value required at different Temperature Corresponding to 75 M-ohm at 60°C
Sr. No. Temperature (°C) IR Value in M-0hm MF for 60°C
1 20 852 0.088
2 21 798 0.094
3 22 750 0.1
4 23 694 0.108
5 24 647 0.116
6 25 600 0.125
7 26 568 0.132
8 27 543 0.138
9 28 521 0.144
10 29 493 0.152
11 30 469 0.16
12 31 431 0.174
13 32 417 0.18
14 33 395 0.19
15 34 375 0.2
16 35 341 0.22
17 36 313 0.24
18 37 294 0.255
19 38 278 0.27
20 39 263 0.285
21 40 250 0.3
22 41 234 0.32
23 42 221 0.34
24 43 208 0.36
25 44 197 0.38
26 45 188 0.4
27 46 174 0.43
28 47 167 0.45
29 48 153 0.49
30 49 142 0.53
31 50 134 0.56
32 51 129 0.58
33 52 120 0.625
34 53 114 0.66
35 54 107 0.7
36 55 101 0.74
37 56 96 0.78
38 57 91 0.825
39 58 85 0.88
40 59 79 0.95
41 60 75 1
42 61 68 1.1
43 62 63 1.2
Relay Setting
Characteristics → 3 1.3 0.65 1.5
PSM↓ t t t t
Time in Seconds
1.1 73.37 32.94 380.95 135.00
1.2 38.32 17.19 181.82 67.50
1.3 26.61 11.92 115.94 45.00
1.4 20.73 9.28 83.33 33.75
1.5 17.19 7.69 64.00 27.00
1.6 14.82 6.62 51.28 22.50
1.7 13.12 5.86 42.33 19.29
1.8 11.84 5.28 35.71 16.88
1.9 10.84 4.83 30.65 15.00
2 10.03 4.47 26.67 13.50
2.5 7.57 3.36 15.24 9.00
3 6.30 2.79 10.00 6.75
3.5 5.52 2.44 7.11 5.40
4 4.98 2.20 5.33 4.50
4.5 4.58 2.02 4.16 3.86
5 4.28 1.89 3.33 3.38
5.5 4.04 1.78 2.74 3.00
6 3.84 1.69 2.29 2.70
6.5 3.67 1.61 1.94 2.45
7 3.53 1.55 1.67 2.25
7.5 3.40 1.49 1.45 2.08
8 3.30 1.44 1.27 1.93
8.5 3.20 1.40 1.12 1.80
Characteristics → 3 1.3 0.65 1.5
PSM↓ t t t t
Time in Seconds
9 3.12 1.36 1.00 1.69
9.5 3.04 1.33 0.90 1.59
10 2.97 1.30 0.81 1.50
10.5 2.91 1.27 0.73 1.42
11 2.85 1.24 0.67 1.35
11.5 2.80 1.22 0.61 1.29
12 2.75 1.20 0.56 1.23
12.5 2.70 1.18 0.52 1.17
13 2.66 1.16 0.48 1.13
13.5 2.62 1.14 0.44 1.08
14 2.58 1.12 0.41 1.04
14.5 2.55 1.11 0.38 1.00
15 2.52 1.09 0.36 0.96
15.5 2.48 1.08 0.33 0.93
16 2.46 1.07 0.31 0.90
16.5 2.43 1.05 0.29 0.87
17 2.40 1.04 0.28 0.84
17.5 2.38 1.03 0.26 0.82
18 2.35 1.02 0.25 0.79
18.5 2.33 1.01 0.23 0.77
19 2.31 1.00 0.22 0.75
19.5 2.29 0.99 0.21 0.73
20 2.27 0.98 0.20 0.71
13. Maintenance Of 11kV Primary Distribution
System:-
The responsibility of 11KV primary distribution system maintenance in urban area
shall be of Executive Engineer(City) and Assistant Engineer(HT-Maintenance). In rural area
the Assistant Engineer of Sub-Division and D/c Incharge shall be responsible.
13.1. Preventive Maintenance:
Pre-monsoon and Post-monsoon maintenance to be carried out looking to the possible
break down during monsoon. Replacement of weak insulator / resagging of conductor /
binding, guarding, condition of pole, clearance of conductor from ground / trees as per
standard to be essentially maintained so that undesirable break down and accidents could be
avoided under this:-
1. Executive Engineer of the area along with sub-ordinate engineers, line staff and with
the help of local authority shall finalize the programme of tree cutting and other
essential works to be carried out.
2. As per the programme of maintenance the HT consumers connected through the 11KV
line and other effected consumers shall be informed about the interruption in power
supply (Shut Down Notice) at least 48 hours before through the Media / Newspaper
etc.
3. As per the programme of maintenance all officers and staff shall reach to the pre-
decided site spot with tools, security appliances and probable required line material.
The Officer Incharge (EE/AE) invariably shall obtain the permit to work from the
source ends of 11KV line and from the possible feedback source ends for Not to Back
Feed permit. Any possible feedback point such as interconnection with other 11 KV
line through AB switch/ isolator shall be locked and an attendant shall be deputed
separately at such place with the clear instructions that until the authorized person
directs him till, he should be on duty there to ensure that no any operation can be done
by anybody. After obtaining the permit to work from all possible sources, it must be
ensured that all VCBs are in off position and all three phases of Isolator / AB Switch
are open. The Sign Board of “CAUTION” tagged on these equipments. The possibility
of feedback from 11KV line of HT consumer installation shall be specially kept in
mind. On the job sheet provided to the patrolling gang should have the information
of other crossing lines, other lines erected on the same poles and guidelines for
protection to avoid any possible accident. The 11KV line being on cable and use of
capacitor on HT installation may create charge hence all conductors shall be
discharged short circuited and earthed. In urban area 11KV and LT composite lines,
LT lines/street light line may get the power supply from other alternate source, so
special precaution to be taken while working on such lines. The complete patrolling
network should be earthed at all possible points, establishment of Safety Zone must
be ensured. After completion of the work it will be necessary to remove all short-
circuiting wires, Discharge rods and earthings. Before commencement of work and
after completion of work before cancellation of permit, the presence of all officers and
staff should be verified physically and ensured.
4. Each patrolling gang shall have Team leader of rank Assistant Engineer or atleast Line
Inspector to work on separate section of line.
5. The patrolling gang shall submit the patrolling report in the enclosed format. If
additional work of pole straightening / pole replacement / cutting of large branches of
tree / conductor replacement or filling of earth due to rain /flood cuts for stay is
required, then the help of concerned STC Division / local body should be obtained to
complete the work.
6. Incharge of patrolling gang shall ensure to compliance all safety rules / instructions
by working staff during work execution.
7. The clearance of 11KV line from ground shall be ensured as per the Electricity Rules
on Road Crossing or Railway Crossing spans Mesh Guarding / Guarding should be
intact and properly and strongly connected to earth.
8. The lightening arrestor on both ends of the underground / overhead 11KV line to be
properly connected with line, Cable’s screening and lightening arrestor must be
strongly earthed. Keep both the cables (Main and standby cables) always connected
in parallel and charged.
14. Maintenance of 11/0.4 kv Distribution Transformer
The Assistant Engineer (LT) in urban area, and AE (Sub-Division) with D/c. In-
charge shall finalize the maintenance programme, as per the information gathered from line
staff for the required maintenance. Pre-monsoon and Post-monsoon maintenance of
distribution transformers is essential. The concerned Executive Engineer shall be responsible
for cent percent maintenance of all transformers within stipulated time.
In urban area generally, AB switch is provided on the 11KV side in the transformer
DPs. If AB switch is not on 11KV side or is not at a safe clearance from 11KV line, then the
maintenance of transformer should be done after obtaining proper permit. In urban area due
to composite line, the possibility of feedback supply and it’s stepping up can cause fatal
accident. Due to use of inverter / generator in the houses with common neutral connection
remains there making the possibility of feedback on transformer. So, before commencement
of transformer maintenance it should be ensured that from LT side also isolated from all the
switch / MCCB, circuit fuse is open and Safety Zone has been established, then only with
strictly observing safety rules and with prescribed tools the maintenance should be carried
out:-
The main features of transformer maintenance are as follows-

1. Check the breather, if it is not there then providing the same. If not available, plug the
breather pipe and seal it so that moisture may not enter. Provide the new breather as
early as possible.
2. Check the color of breather gel, it should be blue, if not, recondition by heating or
replace by new silica gel.
3. Check that the transformer oil is filled up upto the mark in the bottom cup provided
on the lower side of breather, if not, fill up the transformer oil. The breath whole is
provided on the bottom of breather which is generally plugged by the tape, if so, then
remove the tape.
4. Ensure that the conservator tank of transformer is filled with oil upto the mark, if not
then fill the same.
5. Check the oil leakage, if any, close the valve, tighten the nuts, if the oil leakage is
through bushing then check the rubber cone, replace and tighten it.
6. Check that the conductor / cable connections with is intact with HV and LV stud.
Aluminum lugs or bimetallic clamp of proper size should be used. Temporary winding
should not be used on transformer studs.
7. Check the earthing wires ensure they are not broken /loose /rusted. Clean the neutral
earth connections of transformer and LT line also ensure intact connection.
8. Ensure that the transformer body is properly earthed from two separate places.
Earthing wire of neutral point to be kept at a safe distance to avoid the damage to the
radiator by friction or sparking.
9. Pipe earthing should be in a proper place of damp/moisture containing land, with three
pits in a triangular manner at a distance of 6.5 Mtr. each. Two pits should be on either
side of DP and one in front of DP. Pit should be 2.7 Mtr. deep in which 40 mm. GI
pipe/Earth rod to be inserted upto a depth of 2.5 Mtr. It is always better to make the
earthing on wet land near a water source. To connect the transformer body, neutral
and LA, 6 SWG GI wire to be used.
10.Ensure that the Lightening Arrestors are provided on each phase, if not then arrange,
atleast Y phase must have the Lightening Arrestor .
11.DO fuse should be used in 11 KV side of DTRs of proper size. The size of DO fuse
should be used as given below:-
Capacity of Transformer Use of following capacity of DO

SN
(KVA ) fuse in 11KV ( in Amp.)
1 16 1.0
2 25 1.5
3 50 2.5
4 63 3
5 100 5
6 150 / 160 7.5
7 200 10
8 300 / 315 15
9 500 25
12.If the transformer is not provided with distribution box, then atleast cut-out or Robust
fuse unit must be provided.
13.The end of the LT line cable should be turned down keeping its end towards ground
so that rain water may not enter in the cable to avoid the damage.
14.The earthing of Lightening Arrestor installed on transformer should be done with 6
SWG GI wire by connecting two separate electrodes. The connectivity must be
checked during each maintenance and repaired or replaced. In the new type of LAs
the earth connector is separately provided which ruptures on lightening stroke. If earth
connector found ruptured, instantly connect the earth wire directly with the earth side
stud of the LA and provide new earth connector as soon as possible.
15.On the transformers of 63KVA and above, where 3.5 core PVC cable has been
provided should be replaced with single core XLPE cable on LT side from transformer
bushing to pole fuse unit (Robust pole fuse unit) / distribution box. The size of cable
to be used is as given below:-
Capacity of Use of cable size from LT bushing of transformer to

SN Transformer (KVA) pole fuse unit
1 16 16 mm sq. 4 core armored PVC cable
2 25 25 mm sq. 4 core armored PVC cable
3 63 70 mm sq. single core LT XLPE
150 mm sq. single core LT XLPE in 3 phase and 70
4 100 / 150 / 160 mm. sq. in neutral
185 mm sq. LT XLPE in 3 phase and 150 mm sq. in
5 200
neutral
300mm sq. LT XLPE in 3 phase and 150 mm sq. in
6 300 / 315 neutral
2x300 mm sq. LT XLPE in 3 phase and 1x300 mm sq.
7 500 in neutral
16.The size of the fuse unit on LT side is depending on the transformer capacity and
maximum load should be used as given below:-
S. No. Capacity of Transformer (KVA) TC Fuse size (SWG)

1 From 16 to 25 22
2 From 50 to 63 16
3 100 14
4 150 / 160 14x2
5 200 18x3
6 300 / 315 14x3
17.The maximum load should be checked by tong tester (clamp on tester) or by MRI data
of meter and accordingly the LT circuit fuse to be provided. Load distribution should
be carried out regularly to balance the load on all three phases and to minimize the
neutral current. Depending on the maximum current recorded, the TC fuse wire size
to be used should be as follows:
S. No. Load on circuit (Amp.) Size of TC Fuse Wire (SWG)

1 20 1x22
2 40 1x18
3 60 1x16
4 80 1x14
5 100 1X12
6 200 2X16
7 160 2X14
8 200 2X12
18.Regular maintenance of LT line should be ensured. The distance of trees / building /

other objects, ground clearance, distance of phase wire and neutral wires should be
maintained. The connection of LT AB cable should be strengthened and insulated.
The boxes mounted on pole should be closed so that birds’ nests, lizard could not enter
in the box to avoid the short circuiting.
19.The LT separators of bamboo or PVC should be provided atleast upto 3 spans from
the transformers DP to avoid the short circuiting. This is also important to prevent the
transformer failure.
20.Proper size of fuse must be available with each line men in urban area and nearby
households in the rural area. Importance of providing proper fuse size should be
enamored to the consumers. Standard size of DO and TC fuse should be provided on
each and every transformer. The SE/EE must ensure the compliance of these
directives. If aluminum wire has been binded by the villagers, then it should be
removed every time and proper size fuse should be provided. If required, the height of
pole fuse unit may be increased.
21.The main reason of transformer failure is over loading so JE/AE should check the
maximum load by clamp on tester or MRI data regularly and accordingly the work of
capacity augmentation of transformers should be taken on priority to avoid the
overloading and to prevent the transformer failure. The tangible proposal for capacity
enhancement (Addl. or Aug.) should be submitted for load management as per the
directives.
15. Maintenance of LT Distribution System
Majority of consumers are connected with LT distribution system. Maximum line loss
occurs in LT distribution system due to loosen connections, leakage with tree, hooking, short
circuiting of conductors/cables, Conductor snapping, etc. These faults are reflecting in failure
of distribution transformers. Hence, maintenance of LT System is almost necessary to ensure
quality and continuity of supply to the consumers.
In consideration of above, LT Distribution system are being modified as under:-
1. Bare conductor LT line is being replaced by A.B. Cables.
2. Ends of A.B. Cables are making insulated to avoid unauthorized connections.
3. Armored cable is using for service cables of the consumers.
4. A.B. Cables to service cables are being connected through pole mounted insulated LT
Box equipped with spring loaded connectors for secured connection and covered to avoid
unwanted connections,
Distribution center In-charge and Assistant Engineer/Junior Engineer in City area

shall be responsible to carry out the LT system maintenance as under:-
1. City area is having LT system in composite line, EE, AE LT Maintenance and AE HT
Maintenance with JEs shall co-ordinate and decide program before monsoon and after
monsoon for maintenance of DTRs and LT system along with11 KV lines on same
supports. Similarly, in rural area, AE Subdivision and Distribution center In-charge shall
decide program for DTRs and LT system along with 11 KV lines of the area so that
during common shut down period maintenance of DTRs and LT system can be
completed with 11 KV lines also. Main points of maintenance to be carried out are as
under:-
Equipment or
S. No. material for Points of inspection Steps for maintenance
inspection.
1 2 3 4
Breakage in PCC Pole/ land
Brocken PCC pole/Rotten
erosion due to flood or other
Tubular/RS Joist/Rail/H- Beam
reasons/Pole weak for load
1. Pole poles may be replaced.
bearing of line etc.
Inclined/bend poles due to over Base of inclined pole may be dig
tension or looseness of line or out and refill with boulders or
Equipment or
inspection.
stay. concrete. Tension of stay or line
may be corrected.
Unauthorized encroachment near
Pole may be shifted under
pole/unsafe clearance from
deposit scheme in safe
line/pole/ other wires strung
location.
from pole.
Pole in accident prone location Pole may be shifted under deposit
scheme in safe location or
with vehicles or animals. surrounded by fencing.
Pole’s foundation found eroded Restrengthening of pole’s
or loose or damaged foundation may be done
Pole’s muffing or base Repair the pole muffing with slop
damaged. for rain water to outside.
Paint the Steel Pole arm structure
Steel pole found rusted. with Red Oxide paint and
Aluminum Paint.
Direction of stay is wrong or Provide new stay incorrect
correct direction.
Re-tight loose stay replace

Stay loose/damaged.
damaged stay
Whether stay insulators are Replace broken stay
2. Stay set broken or OK. insulators
Ensure intact connection with
stay wire and earth. Wrap
Whether earth connection with
barbed wire if necessary, to
stay wire is correct
avoid damages by
cow/buffalo/animals
Brocken/damaged/inclined
cross arms may be replaced. Re-
Cross arm/clamps/Bracing are
fix the cross arms/
intact in correct passion or slided
bracings/clamps in Correct
position.
LT Cross arm and
3. Cross arm/clamp slided due to Re-fix the cross arms/
steel fittings less or over tension of line bracings/clamps in Correct position
Cross arm/clamps are rusted or Replace the rusted or
found weak damaged clamps
Nut Bolts of cross arm
Tight the loose Nut Bolts
/Bracing found loose
Equipment or
inspection.
Replace broken or damaged
Brocken or damaged insulators
insulators
Insulator loose or rotating Tighten the insulator
Insulators and
4. Dust/salt or any foreign
Hardware Clean the insulators
material found on insulators
Insulator’s hardware found
Replace hardware
weak or rusted.
Conductor properly strung and
Tighten loose binding, replace
binding with insulator is intact or
burnt or damaged bindings.
not
Clean rust etc. and reconnect
Neutral conductor and earth
earth wire with neutral
wires connected properly.
conductor properly
If clearance is unsafe and
inadequate, issue notice and shift
Clearance from buildings /trees
line in deposit scheme. Remedial
or other conductors.
measures may be taken for safe
clearance from trees
Conductor and
5. Clearance from earth wire and
Earth Wire
phase wire are as per standard Ensure proper clearance
or not.
Clearance from phase wire and
other line /telephone line are as Ensure proper clearance
per standard or not
Jumpers and joints are intact or Ensure intact joints and
not replace jumpers
Strands of conductor found Repair conductor strands or
damaged replace if required.
Mid span joint or jointing sleeve Repair conductor joints or replace
damaged if required
Jumpers intact with PG
Replace PG Clamps and jumpers.
Clamps at both ends or not.
Jumpers of all phase are in safe Ensure proper clearance between
clearance or not jumpers
Jumper and line
6. Clearance of jumpers from Ensure proper clearance
accessories
steel sections/stay are in safe between jumpers and steel
position or not sections or stay
Jumpers covered with PVC Replace with proper size of
insulation or bare jumpers if required as per
Equipment or
inspection.
load
Replace with proper size of
Hot jumpers or burnt jumpers if required as per
load and tighten properly
Tighten PG Clamp’s nut
PG Clamps loose or hot
bolts or replace
LT Switch’s cover keep always
LT Switch’s cover is intact or not. closed to avoid entry of lizards or
moisture
Ensure use of adequate size of
LT Switch or cables are heating cable as per load after
measurement of load
Cutouts are burnt or broken Replace burnt/broken cutouts
Contacts of LT Switch are Repair or replace with new
burnt or damaged Switch
7. LT Switch Unit Fuse Wires are of proper size or Replace fuse wires as per
not. load
Ensure to prevent from entry of
LT Switch or Cut Out are safe rainwater/moisture by sealing
from entry of rainwater /moisture cable ends with PVC Compound
or not or bend cable ends towards
ground
Remove all foreign materials from
Bird nest or foreign materials
switch, clean and tight all
found in switch
connections.
16. Chart of safe clearances
S. No. Particulars. 33 KV 11 KV LT line CEA notification

line line 2010 reference
Rural area where no traffic is existing,
1 17 Feet 15 Feet 15 Feet Chapter VII sec
ground level to lowest conductors 58(3)
height shall be
Rural area on along the road, ground
level to lowest conductors height shall 58(2)
be
Rural area on along the road crossing,
Chapter VII sec
3 Road level to lowest conductors 20 Feet 20 Feet 19 Feet
58(1)
height shall be
4 Vertical clearance over building’s 12 Feet 10 Feet 8 Feet Chapter VII sec
top level to lowest conductor shall be 60(2)(i) & 61(2)(i)
5 Horizontal clearance from building’s 8 Feet 6 Feet 6 Feet Chapter VII sec 60
side to nearest conductor shall be 61(3)(i) & (ii)
6 Clearance from tree branches shall be 8 Feet 6 Feet 4 Feet Chapter VII sec 60
61(3)(i) & (ii)
Clearance from 33 KV line shall be 59(1)(iv)
17. Breakdown management and Disaster management
Power distribution sketch is self-explanatory that maximum power is transmitted by 33
KV system, lesser by 11 KV and further lesser by LT distribution system. Accordingly,
priority of breakdown management is to be considered. As well as special care to be
considered for top priority to attend where conductor snapping, Fire hazards, sparking,
accidents or pole breakage happened, and rescue operation is urgently required for life
saving. Always keep in mind that “SAFETY FIRST” for life saving.
17.1. Breakdown management of 33 KV System

Superintending Engineer of the circle shall be totally responsible for maintenance and
operation of the 33 KV System.
1. Generally, 33 KV lines emanating from EHV Substations when trips, Relay indications
are noted, then reset, then examine the substation yard within 3 Minutes thereafter on
satisfaction charging given to the VCB of line. If line is charged and load on all three
phase are found equal, then no problem. If there is any difference intimation given to the
concerned SE and 33/11 KV Substations. Voltage and load on all three phase are being
checked continuously at 33/11 KV Substations, if there is any difference, jumper of any
phase might have been opened in between of EHV Substation to the 33/11 KV
Substation. Ground patrolling may be carried out and after identification, repair fault
with due care of safety precautions.
2. While charging of 33 KV line after first tripping’s three minutes, if VCB again tripped
then, second charging is given after 5 Minutes after checking the substation yard.
3. If said 33KV line’s VCB again trips on second charging, feeder is being declared faulty.
Intimation is being given to the concerned SE, DCC and 33/11 KV Substations by EHV
Substation operator. DCC Incharge, Nodal officer of the Circle, Operator of 33/11 KV
Substation shall ensure to intimate to concerned Regional CE and SE by SMS and phone
and he will enter in register with time.
4. Concerned SE will immediately examine the load accomodality on alternate 33 KV
source accordingly operation instructions will be given by him for restoration of supply.
5. Concerned SE will immediately instruct authorized EE/AE to take permit from EHV
Substation within 10 Minutes and thereafter Not to Back Feed Permit from all alternate
source points. SE will ensure for immediate collect staff and start patrolling without
delay.
6. Authorized SE /Engineer may examine the relay indications during first and second
tripping accordingly probable cause of tripping can be assessed. If only over current
indications activated, isolate all load, PTs CTPTs, then megger test for phase to phase
clearance. Collect information from all 33/11 KV Substations regarding any
abnormalities, Indications on any of the VCB but not tripped etc., under such condition,
fault may be persisting on the line or equipment which is not tripped, and indication
activated. Such reflected faults are causing for over current tripping. Other faults like
foreign materials like Kite sticks/semi conducting waste are shorting phase to phase
conductors or conductors shorted/ clearance between Jumpers are inadequate. Clear the
reasoning of faults with due care of safety , megger test, if megger result is not 0Ω,
collect all of staff and officers and take action for permit cancellation. If line is restored,
supply system may be turned back to original feeding system.
7. If Earth Fault indication noticed during tripping, then probable cause may be Insulator
punctured/Conductor snapped and fallen on ground or cross arms/Jumper out and
touched with cross arm or in flash over range/Earth conductor or guard wire snapped and
clubbed with phase wires/Tree branches or wire fallen on conductors/Kite or cloth or
foreign material affixed on insulators and semi conducting during wet condition causing
flash-over. Line staff of the area with past experience may also assess the probable
location of fault. However, on the basis of ground patrolling in sections and megger
testing from source end if Phase to earth value is not 0Ω further action for repair of fault
with due care of safety may be taken there after collect all of staff and officers and take
action for permit cancellation. If line is restored, supply system may be turned back to
original feeding system.
17.2. Breakdown management of 33/11 KV Substation:

Substation Operators are remaining on 24 Hours duty in 33/11 KV Substations. Hence
any happening in the S/s yard or control room is expected to be in the knowledge of duty
operator. Concerned operator shall immediately intimate to the SE and authorized Engineer
regarding happenings. Following reasons or faults may happen in 33/11 KV Substations:-
1. Bird fault with 33 KV VCB/Isolator/Bus/CT/ME/Power transformer.
2. 33 KV or 11 KV Jumper out /burnt.
3. 33 KV or 11 KV Lightening Arrestor ruptured.
4. Insulator of isolator or Bus ruptured.
5. CT/PT/CTPT Unit ruptured.
6. Sparking in earth connections/fire hazards in control cables.
7. Battery charger failed or burnt.
8. DC Circuit short/open circuited.
9. Alarm or indication of power transformer’s Buchhloz relay/Oil temperature/Winding
Temperature activated, or power transformer tripped on such indication.
10.Oil splashed from power transformer with sound.
If any of above natured fault occurred in substation, operator shall trip the incoming
VCB. If VCB is not tripping from control room then, he will (Mechanical) push trip the
incoming VCB and isolate incoming isolator. Please note that isolator or AB Switch shall be
operated only after tripping the VCB. Safety procedures must be followed strictly during
operations. Concerned operator shall immediately intimate to the SE and authorized
Engineers regarding happenings by phone and SMS.
NOTE:- Please note that Substation Operators are not authorized for any work execution in
any 11 KV or 33 KV Bus or equipments.
Authorized engineer shall immediately ensure to attend the faults of 33/11 KV
Substation. If fault occurred with equipments as Power Transformer/CT/CTPT/PT/VCB/
Battery charger EE (STM) shall immediately ensure to attend the faults/investigation and
testing. In case of faults in DC circuit, (O&M) engineer may attend to identify and repair the
fault. In case of fault in Battery Charger STM engineers shall attend to identify and repair
the fault.
17.3. Breakdown management of 11 KV System:
Schematic drawing of Power distribution system shows that quantity of power
distribution by 11 KV System is lesser than of 33 KV System. Accordingly, priority of
breakdown management is to be considered. As well as special care to be considered for top
priority to attend where conductor snapping, Fire hazards, sparking, accidents or pole
breakage happened, and rescue operation is urgently required for life saving. Always keep
in mind that “SAFETY FIRST” for life saving. AS per operational instructions of Executive
Engineer, authorized engineer and line Inspectors shall take Permit to work, collect staff and
start breakdown management work without any delay.
1. Breakdown management of 11 KV System in City area:
Executive engineer shall be responsible for operation and maintenance instructions to
authorized engineers and Line Inspectors for Break down management work of 11 KV lines
emanating from 33/11 KV Substation.
HT maintenance team is deputed for 24 Hours in city area under Assistant Engineer (HT
Maint). 11 lines in city area are general interconnected with A.B. Switch /Isolators with other
11 KV lines in ring main system for isolation or extension of supply.
1. Generally, 11 KV lines emanating from 33/11KV Substations when trips, Relay
indications are noted, then reset, then examine the substation yard within 3 Minutes
thereafter on satisfaction charging given to the VCB of line. If line is charged and load
on all three phase are found equal, then no problem. If there is any difference intimation
given to the concerned SE,EE,AE and Maintenance team. Voltage and load on all three
phase are being checked continuously at 33/11 KV Substations, if there is any difference,
jumper of any phase might have been opened. Low voltage or Dim complaints may be
intimated from consumers. The DTR from which low voltage complaint noticed to the
33/11 KV Substation there may jumper out of 11 KV line. Ground patrolling may be
carried out and after identification, repair fault with due care of safety precautions and
restore supply. Location of jumper out can be assessed based on load. If load on one
phase is 100 Amps and load on other phase is 0→100 or what so ever be, suppose 90
Amps then in computation based on ratio jumper out may be found nearer to the
connected load of 200-300 KVA. Further if load is found 0 Amps then jumper out may
be found nearer to the 33/11 KV Substation.
3. If said 11KV line’s VCB again trips on second charging, feeder is being declared faulty
and outgoing Isolator or A.B. Switch opened. Intimation is being given to the concerned
SE, EE,AE, Maintenance team by Substation operator by SMS and phone and he will
enter in register with time. Executive engineer shall ensure for operation and
maintenance instructions to authorized engineers and Line Inspectors for Break down
management work for immediate action with taking permit to work. Based on fault
indications up to some extent work can be assessed. Collect information from Fuse Off
Call Centre regarding any complaint of flash-over/sounds etc. where chance of fault may
be found.
5. 11 KV faulty line may be sectionalized from feeding end, megger test, if megger result
between phase and earth is not 0Ω then as per satisfactory ground patrolling report,
supply in line in sections may be restored. Other section of this line if found healthy and
satisfactory ground patrolling report, supply to this section may be restored after
isolation from main feed end and extending supply of interconnected other 11 KV line
by back feed.
Note:- Regarding such back-feeding operations, operation instructions shall be given by
single authorized engineer who is expert and well convergent with system. He will ensure
to communicate to all working staff about operations, so that due to communication gap
accident may not take place. Further other healthy 11 KV line may not become faulty due
to extension of supply to faulty 11 KV line. If line is restored, supply system may be turned
back to original feeding system.
2. Breakdown management of 11 KV System in Rural area:

Executive engineer shall be responsible for operation and maintenance instructions to
authorized engineers Asstt. Engineer (Sub Division) and Distribution Centre In-charge for
Break down management work of 11 KV lines emanating from 33/11 KV Substation.
1. Generally, 11 KV lines in rural area are in radial system and not arranged in ring main
system with interconnection of other 11 KV lines. These 11 KV lines are extended to
several Kilometers with branch /tape lines. Continues reading of load and voltage is
being recorded in 33/11 KV Substations. Load in Amps and voltage in KV, in all three
phase is to be nearly same. If load on any phase is noticed different and low voltage /Dim
complaint from consumers, then S/s operator shall intimate by phone and SMS to AE
(Sub Dn.) and In-charge of D/c.AE (Sub Dn.) and In-charge of D/c. under the operation
instructions of EE, shall immediately arrange for patrolling, and necessary actions for
breakdown management without any delay.
2. Generally, 11 KV lines emanating from 33/11KV Substations when trips, Relay
indications are noted, then reset, then examine the substation yard within 3 Minutes
thereafter on satisfaction charging given to the VCB of line. If line is charged and load
on all three phase are found equal, then no problem. If there is any difference intimation
given to the concerned SE,EE,AE and Distribution Center. Voltage and load on all three
phase are being checked continuously at 33/11 KV Substations, if there is any difference,
jumper of any phase might have been opened. Low voltage or Dim complaints may be
intimated from consumers. The DTR from which low voltage complaint noticed to the
33/11 KV Substation there may jumper out of 11 KV line. Ground patrolling may be
carried out and after identification, repair fault with due care of safety precautions and
restore supply. Location of jumper out can be assessed based on load. If load on one
phase is 100 Amps and load on other phase is 0→100 or what so ever be, suppose 90
Amps then in computation based on ratio jumper out may be found nearer to the
connected load of 200-300 KVA. Further if load is found 0 Amps then jumper out may
be found nearer to the 33/11 KV Substation.
4. If said 11KV line’s VCB again trips on second charging, feeder is being declared faulty
and outgoing Isolator or A.B. Switch opened. Intimation is being given to the concerned
SE, EE,AE, Maintenance team by Substation operator by SMS and phone and he will
enter in register with time. Executive engineer shall ensure for operation and
maintenance instructions to authorized engineers and Line Inspectors for Break down
management work for immediate action with taking permit to work. Based on fault
indications up to some extent work can be assessed. Collect information from Fuse Off
Call Centre/D.C. regarding any complaint of flash- over /sounds etc. where chance of
fault may be found.
6. 11 KV faulty line may be sectionalized from feeding end, megger test, if megger result
between phase and earth is not 0Ω then as per satisfactory ground patrolling report,
supply in line in sections may be restored.
17.4. Breakdown management of LT Distribution System:

Assistant engineer, Distribution Center In-charge and Line Inspector shall be
responsible for maintenance and operation for Break down management work of LT
Distribution System. Majority of consumers are directly connected with LT Distribution
System. Hence LT breakdowns management in shortest time is expected for consumer
satisfaction. As such action for accident prevention is to be considered no top priority.
Breakdown on LT lines as snapping of live conductor or AB Cable on road or
buildings or habitated area may invite accidents. Specially snapping of Neutral
conductor/earth wire/guarding wires or Messenger wire of AB Cable may cause fetal
electrical accident due to possibility of return current. Further during fire hazards/flood/Earth
Quake or any other happenings supply in LT may cause accidents. In case of such intimations
first action shall be ensured for isolation of supply for safety and lifesaving.
At present bare LT lines are being converted by AB Cable. In case of intimation of
any breakdown in LT line, concerned line staff shall ensure to isolate supply first thereafter
with safety procedure repair works shall be carried out. In any case joints of AB Cable shall
not be kept open. If any nonstandard joint made temporarily, proper jointer shall be provided
on very next day to avoid theft by hooking.
In case of fire hazards in Marshalling Box of LT AB Cables to Service lines, it should
be replaced on very next day by new one and ensure to keep it closed to prevent from entry
of moisture, birds nest, wires of crow nest etc.
Old bare LT line still exists. To ensure prevention from short circuiting and live wire
may not fall on ground nearer to Distribution Transformers, Bamboo sticks or PVC
Separators shall be invariably provided in 3 Spans from DTR so that DTRs may be prevented
from Short circuit current. Generally, it is noticed that Neutral wire or guarding wires are not
restrung after breakdown. Restringing of Neutral Conductor, Earth Wire, Guarding must be
done with phase conductors so that chances of accident by return current can be avoided.
Birds nest, creepers, Wires of Crow’s nest are generally found on LT lines causing
sparking and fire hazards with PVC service cables. Hence while attending Fuse Off Call
complaints such foreign materials shall be invariably removed. Ensure to provide proper size
of fuse wires after breakdown repair.
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Madhya Pradesh Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Company LTD.: Maintenance Manual For Operation

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Madhya Pradesh Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Company LTD.: Maintenance Manual For Operation

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MADHYA PRADESH POORV KSHETRA

VIDYUT VITARAN COMPANY LTD.

MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR OPERATION

Image 1: Simplified Electrical Power Transmission System

In order to maintain continuity of supply as per demand and requirement of Power,

2.1. Responsibility for Issue of permit to work on line or equipments

2.2. Responsibility for maintenance and Operation of Distribution System

2.3. Time limit for restoration of supply after Breakdowns

3.1. Preventive Maintenance

1. Superintending Engineer City/(O&M) shall be responsible for coordination with local

BEFORE MAINTENANCE AFTER MAINTENANCE

2. According to the predefined programs, Shut-Down Notice in advance of 48 Hours is to be

BEFORE MAINTENANCE (TILTED POLE) AFTER MAINTENANCE

6.1. Buchholz Relay:

S. No. Alarm may be actuated due to

S. No. Tripping may occur due to

7.1. Current Transformer:

7.2. Testing of CT:

Terminal Measured Value

7.3. Polarity Test :

Primary Current onP1- Measure in Secondary Measure insecondary2S1-

7.5. Control Panel:

7.7. Battery/ Battery Charger:

Terminal Measured Value

VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER AFTER MAINTENANCE

7.10. Metering Equipment:

FAILED ME (SWELLED ME) AFTER MAINTENANCE

Checking of breather of power transformer to observe the color of Operator of

Two temperature meters are provided in Power Xmer for observing

The physical observation of explosion vent of power Xmer from

The maintenance of battery by cleaning, pouring the distilled water

The IR value of Power Xmer (by 5KV/1 KV Megger) from HV to

Sub:-Commissioning report of Power Xmer/ NEW/ Repair/

2. Winding Resistance of HV side & LV side of Power X-mer :-

3. Voltage Ratio Test :-

4. Magnetizing current HV open circuited /LV open circuited :-

6. Vector Group Test:-

Remarks of Testing Results :-

1 All radiator valves bottom/Top opened

Name of Circle: _________________ Name of STM Div.: ______________

1 Name of Executive Engineer (O&M)

The main features of transformer maintenance are as follows-

Capacity of Transformer Use of following capacity of DO

Capacity of Use of cable size from LT bushing of transformer to

S. No. Capacity of Transformer (KVA) TC Fuse size (SWG)

S. No. Load on circuit (Amp.) Size of TC Fuse Wire (SWG)

18.Regular maintenance of LT line should be ensured. The distance of trees / building /

Distribution center In-charge and Assistant Engineer/Junior Engineer in City area

Re-tight loose stay replace

S. No. Particulars. 33 KV 11 KV LT line CEA notification

17.1. Breakdown management of 33 KV System

17.2. Breakdown management of 33/11 KV Substation:

2. Breakdown management of 11 KV System in Rural area:

17.4. Breakdown management of LT Distribution System:

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Name of Circle: ___ Name of STM Div.: