THE -ED PRONUNCIATION RULES

1. The -ed ending is pronounced /t/ after “unvoiced” final sounds: f, k, p, s, sh, ch,
ss, and x
Example locked rushed mixed
cooked, stopped, kissed, watched, finished, promised
2. The -ed ending is pronounced /d/ after “voiced” final sounds: m, g, (j), r, l, b, z
and v --- vowel sounds.
Examples: roared taled stayed
dreamed, bugged, waged, slurred, called, rubbed – lived – cried – played.
3. When the verb ends in -t or -d (if there is an -e after them it doesn’t count),
the -ed ending is pronounced /id/
Examples: invited chatted shaded
waited, wedded, decided, included, needed, lifted.

Exercise:
Now, try pronouncing these words and send an audio saying these
words:
pressed
killed
learned
explained
visited
touched
supported
recognized
wanted
worked
counted
smiled
prefered
Now classify the following verbs according to the pronunciation of the final -ed

he helped he looked he decided he liked

he stopped he started he washed he closed
he tasted he moved he pushed he sounded
he loved he wanted he jumped he played
he recorded he invented he worked he changed
he added he collected he listened he escaped
he interviewed it rained he needed he travelled
he received he acted he answered he wondered
he asked he shouted he accepted he chatted

t d  id 