Name:_______________________

Date:_____________Block:_____

Cell Structure and Functions

Part 1: Complete the table below:

Cell Found in
Structure Appearance Function What Types
of Cells?

Nucleus

Lysosome

Ribosome

Bacterial
Cell Wall
 Cell Found in
Structure Appearance Function What Types
of Cells?

Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum

Pili

Vacuole

Cytoskeleton

Plant Cell
Wall
 Cell Found in
Structure Appearance Function What Types
of Cells?

Chloroplast

Centrosome

Flagella

Peroxisomes

Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
 Cell Found in
Structure Appearance Function What Types
of Cells?

Glycocalyx

Mitochondria

Cytoplasm

Fimbriae

Golgi Body
Part 2: Answer the following questions about cells:

1. List the three statements of the Cell Theory:

2. Contrast prokarya and eukarya in terms of:

a. Relative size

b. Internal organization

c. Types of organisms in these categories

3. Why are cells so small?

4. What specific advantage does a cell’s small size provide?

5. When discussing cell size, we are usually working at what scale?

6. When discussing protein size, we are usually working at what scale?

7. What are the 7 common structures found in all cells?

8. True or False? Prokaryotic cells do not contain DNA.

9. Small structures inside a eukaryotic cell that perform a specific function are called?
10. If you see a cell that has a cell wall, then it is likely what type of cell?

11. Cell walls are also present in some bacteria and archaea. How can you easily differentiate those single-
celled organisms plant cells?

12. What molecule makes up most of the plant cell wall?

13. What molecule makes up most of the bacterial cell wall?

14. What is contained in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell?

15. What is the smallest of all the common cell structures?

16. What is produced by the structure described in the question above?

17. What organelle is described as “the powerhouse of the cell”?

18. What molecule (used to produce energy) is produced by the organelle described in question above?

19. What are some easy ways to differentiate between plant cells and animal cells at a glance? Try to list at
least 3!

20. What are two common types of proteins found in the cytoskeleton, and what are their respective
functions?

21. Describe how a single celled organism might use one of the above proteins in order to move:

22. By their appearance, how can one differentiate between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi
apparatus of a cell?
 23. What green organelle can be found in plant cells and NOT in animal cells?

24. What process occurs within the organelle described in the above question?

25. What is the purpose of the process described in the above question?

26. Differentiate between the vacuole in plant cells and animal cells:

Part 3: Using the outlines below, draw a representation of a cell that includes each of the appropriate structures
from your table. Label those structures.

a. Eukaryotic, Animal Cell

b. Eukaryotic, Plant Cell

c. Prokaryotic, Bacterium