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Toyota GD series diesel engines

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GD engines introduced at 2015 as a replacement of obsolete KD series, the most Kakarakis Pe ormance
popular diesels of Toyota. Applications - Land Cruiser Prado, HiLux family (Fortuner,
Innova), Hiace family (RegiusAce, Mazda Bongo Brawny). With this engine Toyota
returns diesel passenger cars to the domestic market.
Updated edition - added information on the forced version 1GD-FTV type'20.

Specifications Open
Displacement, Compression
Engine Bore x Stroke, mm Output, hp Torque, Nm -
cm3 ratio
1GD-FTV 2755 92.0 x 103.6 15.6 177 / 3400 450 / 1600-2400 -
1GD-FTV 2755 92.0 x 103.6 15.6 151 / 3600 300 / 1000-3400 low spec
1GD-FTV 2755 92.0 x 103.6 15.6 204 / 3400 500 / 1600-2800 high spec
2GD-FTV 2393 92.0 x 90.0 15.6 150 / 3400 343 / 1400-2800 low spec
2GD-FTV 2393 92.0 x 90.0 15.6 150 / 3400 400 / 1600-2000 -
* engine weight with fluids filled - 270-300 kg.

Previous diesel series KD after fifteen years of production has become obsolete for a
number of parameters - economy, ecology, output, noise... and was involved in the
infamous story of cracking pistons. GD engines are better in all respects, however, the
expected improvement in dynamic performance did not happen - nominal torque up
"disappeared" somewhere in eco-systems and eco-settings. The most noticeable
advantage of new diesel - reducing the vibrations and noise. The upgrade to type'20
was beneficial - the completely indecent 0-100 an 60-110 acceleration times improved
by 2-3 seconds.

Engine mechanical

The series has retained a traditional cast-iron cylinder block without liners.

Note. "But russian dealers advertise aluminium block with nikasil coating" - this is what you need to know about russian
dealers. While the official sources are available to everyone:
All 1GD for Prado and Hiace are equipped with balance shafts driven by chain from
crankshaft. Unlike KD, balancers located in a separate case under block. For the Hilux
family, balancers were not used for type'15, but appeared for type'20.

1 - chain, 2 - balancer sprocket, 3 - upper case, 4 - balance shaft 1, 5 - lower case, 6 - balance shaft 2

Pistons - aluminium, with full-length skirt and advanced combustion chamber.

The groove for the upper compression ring has ni-resist insert, there are cooling
channel inside the piston head and friction reducing polymer coating is applied on the
skirt. The upper side of piston coated with insulating coating (Toyota's designation -
"SiRPA", in fact - the film of a porous anodic aluminium oxide, hardened by
Perhydropolysilazane). The pistons are connected to the rods with fully floating pins.

Type'15. 1 - piston, 2 - cooling channel, 3 - ni-resist cast iron ring carrier, 4 - compression ring 1, 5 - compression ring
2, 6 - oil ring. a - resin coating, b - PVD coating

On the '20 type, the piston shape was changed and the upper compression ring
obtained an additional DLC coating.
Type'20. 1 - piston, 2 - cooling channel, 3 - ni-resist cast iron ring carrier, 4 - compression ring 1, 5 - compression ring
2, 6 - oil ring. a - resin coating, b - PVD Coating, c - DLC Coating

Cylinder head made of alloy. There is the tip of vertically mounted nozzle in the center
of the combustion chamber and glow plug between the intake ports.

1 - exhaust camshaft, 2 - rocker arm, 3 - valve lash adjuster, 4 - oil passage, 5 - intake camshaft, 6 - check ball, 7 -
spring, 8 - plunger, 9 - plunger spring

1 - exhaust camshaft, 2 - rocker arm, 3 - valve lash adjuster, 4 - oil passage, 5 - intake camshaft, 6 - check ball, 7 -
spring, 8 - plunger, 9 - plunger spring

The head cover is made of plastic and provided with oil delivery pipe for the rockers
lubrication.

1 - cylinder head cover, 2 - oil mist separator, 3 - oil delivery pipe

Valve mechanism - DOHC 16V: double camshafts in the head and four valves per
cylinder. There are valve adjusters and roller rockers in the valve mechanism.

1 - chain 2 guide, 2 - camshaft sprocket, 3 - chain 2 tensioner, 4 - chain 2 tensioner slipper, 5 - chain 1 tensioner
slipper, 6 - chain 1 tensioner, 7 - chain 1 damper, 8 - chain 1, 9 - chain 2 damper, 10 - chain 2, 11 - exhaust valve, 12 -
intake valve, 13 - intake camshaft, 14 - exhaust camshaft, 15 - rocker, 16 - lash adjuster

There is an option for type'20 where the spring seat and the valve stem seal made
integrally.

Drive is "two-step" - from the crankshaft by the primary roller chain (pitch 9.525 mm)
to fuel pump shaft, and then by secondary chain (pitch 8.0 mm) to camshafts. Chain
tensioned by spring enforced hydraulic tensioner with ratchet mechanism. Vacuum
pump is driven by rear side of camshaft.

1 - chain 2 guide, 2 - chain 2 tensioner, 3 - chain 2 tensioner slipper, 4 - chain 1 tensioner slipper, 5 - chain 1 tensioner,
6 - balancers chain, 7 - balancers chain tensioner, 8 - chain 1 damper, 9 - chain 1, 10 - chain 2 damper, 11 - chain 2

Auxiliary driven by common belt with automatic tensioner.

 1 - belt tensioner, 2 - water pump, 3 - crankshaft, 4 - compressor, 5 - alternator, 6 - power steering pump

Lubrication

Trochoid oil pump is gear driven from crankshaft. Oil cooler installed on front side of
the block. Oil nozzles that lubricate and cool the piston are provided.

1 - oil cooler, 2 - oil pump, 3 - oil filter, 4 - oil strainer, 5 - oil nozzle

The type'20 uses a 2-stage oil pump: the valve controls a sleeve that regulates the
pump relief pressure, so at high pressure mode the piston oil nozzles operate.
1 - oil pressure sensor, 2 - OSV, 3 - oil pump, 4 - ECM. b - check valve, c - sleeve, d - spring, e - guide, f - plug, g -
relief valve, h - from oil pan, i - to main oil hole, j - rotor of oil pump

High pressure mode (valve off). Oil is not supplied to the rear of the sleeve, the sleeve
is pushed down by the discharge pressure, lowering the relief hole and increasing the
spring force required to open the relief valve. The opening pressure increases,
increasing the discharge pressure.

a - sleeve, b - from oil pan, c - to main oil hole, d - discharge side, e - suction side, f - oil pressure, g - engine speed, h -
opening pressure of piston oil jet

Low pressure mode (valve on). Oil is supplied to the back of the sleeve, the sleeve is
pushed up by the discharge pressure, raising the relief hole position and decreasing the
spring force required to open the relief valve. The opening pressure decreases,
decreasing discharge pressure.

a - sleeve, b - from oil pan, c - to main oil hole, d - discharge side, e - suction side, f - oil pressure, g - engine speed, h -
opening pressure of piston oil jet

Cooling
Coolant remarkable by number of components requiring cooling or heating. Pump and
fan drive - by serpentine belt, thermostat - "cold" (80-84°C) mechanical.

1 - radiator reserve tank, 2 - radiator, 3 - turbocharger, 4 - turbo water pipe, 5 - thermostat, 6 - water inlet, 7 - oil cooler,
8 - diesel throttle body, 9 - EGR cooler bypass valve, 10 - EGR control valve, 11 - EGR cooler, 12 - water outlet, 13 -
injector holder

1 - reservoir tank, 2- radiator, 3 - injector 1 holder, 4 - water outlet, 5 - turbocharger, 6 - oil cooler, 7 - aux heater, 8 -
water pump, 9 - heater, 10 - turbo inlet, 11 - EGR control valve, 12 - EGR cooler, 13 - cylinder head, 14 - cylinder block,
15 - thermostat, 16 - water inlet, 17 - crankcase ventilation pipe, 18 - EGR cooler by-pass valve, 19 - throttle body

Intake system

• GD engine uses turbocharger with variable nozzle (VGT or VNT) of 2nd generation
(electric actuator).
Advantages - the maintenance of optimum boost pressure over a wide rev range,
lowering back pressure at high speed, increased output at low speeds, no need for the
bypass. Turbocharger has water cooling.

For type'20: the turbine diameter increased, a cooling circuit added to the compressor
case, support ball bearings added and the VNT slightly updated.

1 - turbocharger, 2 - actuator, 3 - linkage, 4 - compressor wheel, 5 - unison ring, 6 - nozzle vane, 7 - turbine wheel, 8 -
drive arm, 9 - driven arm

- At low load and low engine speed actuator moves the control ring and turns pivotally
connected vanes to partially closed position. This increases the speed of gas entering
the turbine, increases the boost pressure and increases engine torque.

1 - nozzle vane, 2 - turbine wheel, 3 - drive arm, 4 - driven arm, 5 - unison ring, 6 - linkage

- At high load and high speed vanes are moved to the open position, allowing maintain
the desired boost pressure and reduce resistance at exhaust.

1 - nozzle vane, 2 - turbine wheel, 3 - drive arm, 4 - driven arm, 5 - unison ring, 6 - linkage

• To cool the charge air car is equipped with front-mount intercooler. The type'20 has a
version with a water intercooler.

Air IC. 1 - air cleaner, 2 - intercooler, 3 - turbocharger, 4 - throttle body, 5 - intake manifold

Water IC. 1 - intercooler, 2 - air cleaner, 3 - turbocharger, 4 - throttle body, 5 - intake manifold
 1 - intercooler. a - from intercooler cooling radiator, b - to intercooler reserve tank

• There is the electronic controlled throttle in the intake channel. It is used to reduce
the noise at idling or deceleration, and for smoother engine stop.

1 - throttle position sensor, 2 - throttle control motor, 3 - diesel throttle valve, 4 - ECM

• For type'15 the pneumatically driving flaps are installed in the intake manifold to
close one of the inlet ports, what forming intensive vortex in the cylinder and improve
the combustion process. At type'20 the swirl control was abandoned.
 1 - intake manifold, 2 - actuator, 3 - flaps

Fuel system / Engine control

Common Rail type fuel system - the fuel is supplied by high pressure pump in a
common rail and then is injected into the cylinders via the electronically controlled
injectors. The injection pressure - 35-220 MPa (record for Toyota diesel). For type'20,
the pressure was increased to 250 MPa. The components made by Denso.

Fuel system (type'15). 1 - common rail, 2 - fuel pressure sensor, 3 - ECM, 4 - crankshaft position sensor, 5 - camshaft
position sensor, 6 - control valve (IMV/SCV), 7 - supply pump, 8 - exhaust fuel injector, 9 - pressurized fuel filter, 10 -
fuel filter, 11 - fuel tank, 12 - injector, 13 - pressure discharge valve. a - high pressure, b - feed pressure, c - suction, d -
return
ECD (type'15). 1 - pressure discharge valve, 2 - camshaft position sensor, 3 - coolant temperature sensor, 4 -
turbocharger (VGT), 5 - supply pump, 6 - throttle body, 7 - vacuum switching valve (active mounts), 8 - EGR VSV, 9 -
swirl control VSV, 10 - fuel pressure sensor, 11 - air temperature sensor, 12 - turbo pressure sensor, 13 - EGR control
valve, 14 - crankshaft position sensor, 15 - injector

ECD (type'20), w/ DPF and w/ SCR. 1 - intake air temperature sensor (intercooler), 2 - engine coolant temperature
sensor (intercooler), 3 - cam position sensor, 4 - pressure discharge valve, 5 - turbocharger, 6 - engine coolant
temperature sensor, 7 - injection pump, 8 - intake air temperature sensor, 9 - throttle body, 10 - vacuum switching valve,
11 - turbo pressure sensor, 12 - injector, 13 - EGR control valve, 14 - crank position sensor, 15 - NOx sensor 1, 16 -
exhaust gas temperature sensor 3, 17 - differential pressure sensor, 18 - exhaust gas temperature sensor 2, 19 -
exhaust gas temperature sensor, 20 - exhaust fuel addition injector

Injection can be carried out several times at the cycle: two short pilot (before TDC of
the compression stroke), main (TDC of the compression stroke and the beginning of
the expansion stroke), after-injection (on the expansion stroke).

Fuel pressure control carried out by supply pump control valve and by pressure
discharge valve.

There are following sensors in the system:

- boost pressure
- fuel pressure
- crankshaft position (MRE)
- camshaft position (MRE)
- air flow sensor (MAF) / air temperature sensor
- throttle position (Hall effect)
- accelerator position (Hall effect)
- DPF differential pressure
- exhaust gas temperature - thermistor type, located before DOC, before DPF, after
DPF, after SCR catalyst
- air-fuel ratio, after DPF
- NOx, in central exhaust pipe

• For type'20, the control system received the brand name i-ART (intelligent-Accuracy
Refinement Technology).
- Instead of a fuel rail pressure sensor, the fuel pressure and temperature sensors built
into the injectors.
- There is a compact electric pump in the intercooler circuit.

1 - rotor, 2 - shaft. a - inlet, b - outlet

- A particle matter sensor is installed in the front exhaust pipe to monitor the condition
of the DPF.

Fuel system / Supply pump

High pressure supply pump - HP5S type, consists of cam shaft, plunger, check valve,
feed pump and control valve. The simpler versions without DPF have not additional
low-pressure section.
1 - control valve, 2 - plunger, 3 - spring, 4 - follower, 5 - roller, 6 - camshaft, 7 - double cam, 8 - check ball. a - to
exhaust fuel addition injector and pressurized fuel filter, b - fuel return port (to pressurized fuel filter), c - fuel inlet port
(from fuel tank), d - to common-rail

Rotating cam via follower moves the plunger upwards. If the control valve is closed,
the pressure increases and the fuel from the pump flows into the rail. ECM controls the
timing of control valve closing and thus provides a target level of pressure in the fuel
rail. If the plunger is not pushed by cam, it is returned downward by the spring force.

1 - control valve, 2 - plunger, 3 - spring, 4 - follower, 5 - roller, 6 - double cam

Late closing of the control valve increases fuel discharge to inlet and reduces supply
volume.

Early closing of the control valve increases supply volume.

The pressurized fuel filter can be installed to provide additional protection of pump, rail
and injectors.

Fuel system / Rail

There are fuel pressure sensor and pressure discharge valve in the fuel rail.
Electronically controlled valve opens and closes by a signal from the control unit,
moreover, it can function of emergency pressure relief.

1 - common-rail, 2 - fuel pressure sensor (type'15), 3 - pressure discharge valve. a - to injector, b - from supply pump, c
- to fuel tank

Fuel system / Injectors

• In accordance with the latest trends, GD series obtain solenoid injectors (not piezo).

Specific injector data (model code, the individual feed correction) printed as QR code
and be sure to be programmed in the control unit.

1 - solenoid, 2 - needle, 3 - nozzle, 4 - control plate, 5 - compensation value, 6 - QR code

Injector operation has some difference from the previous Toyota's common rail diesels:
- When closed, the valve is held by a spring. The pressure in the control chamber is
high. The fuel pressure acting on the bottom of the needle is not enough to open it.
- When the current supply to the coil, the valve opens the channel through which the
fuel discharged from the control chamber. Due to pressure difference arises, the
injector needle opens and fuel is injected.
- After current cut-off valve is closed. The control plate moves downward and fuel
under high pressure fills control chamber and acts on top of the needle. The needle is
closed and fuel injection stops. After pressure equalization in control chamber, the
control plate is moved up by a spring.
1 - control valve, 2 - out-orifice, 3 - control plate, 4 - in-orifice, 5 - control chamber. a - before injection, b - injection, c -
after injection

• The exhaust manifold has built-in low-pressure fuel injector supplied directly from the
pump to raise the temperature of DPF for accumulated soot combustion.

1 - solenoid, 2 - needle valve, 3 - nozzle

• At type'20 with i-ART, individual fuel pressure and temperature sensors allow to
accurately adjust the flow injection volume of each injector, as well as to determine
their malfunction (clogging or leaks). The injectors have built-in memory and even
have a self-learning function.

1 - ECM, 2 - injector, 3 - fuel pressure sensor, 4 - control chamber, 5 - nozzle needle. a - operating signal, b - fuel
pressure signal, c - each injector, d - injector communication (fuel temperature signal and memory ic communication), e
- feedback, f - command signal, g - when there is no injection, h - when electrical current starts to flow, i - when injection
starts, j - when the maximum injection rate has been reached, k - when electrical current flow has stopped, l - when the
injection rate has been reduced, m - when injection has stopped

Emission control system

Depending on the market, there are several levels:

- EGR - Euro 2, for the third world
- EGR+DOC - Euro 4, for the third world
- EGR+DOC+DPF - Euro 5, for Australia and Russia
- EGR+DOC+DPF+SCR - Euro 6, for Europe and Japan

1 - exhaust fuel addition injector, 2 - exhaust gas temperature sensor 3, 3 - exhaust manifold converter (DOC -
oxidation catalyst + DPF), 4 - exhaust gas temperature sensor 2, 5 - air fuel ratio sensor, 6 - throttle body, 7 - vacuum
switching valve, 8 - EGR cooler bypass valve, 10 - EGR cooler, 11 - exhaust gas temperature sensor 1

• EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) - bypass a part of exhaust gases to th intake to

reduce the maximum temperature in the cylinder and reduce the nitrogen oxides
emissions. EGR valve - electronically controlled, with DC motor and non-contact
position sensor (Hall effect).

1 - cylinder block, 2 - exhaust manifold, 3 - DOC, 4 - vacuum pump, 5 - vacuum switching valve, 6 - EGR cooler, 7 -
EGR cooler bypass valve actuator, 8 - EGR cooler bypass valve, 9 - EGR valve position sensor, 10 - EGR valve motor,
11 - EGR control valve, 12 - throttle motor, 13 - throttle valve, 14 - throttle position sensor, 15 - ECM, 16 - crankshaft
position sensor, 17 - accelerator pedal sensor, 18 - coolant temperature sensor, 19 - turbo pressure sensor, 20 - air
temperature sensor, 21 - air flow meter

To avoid excessive cooling of exhaust gases at low load, EGR cooler valve send gas
flow bypass the radiator.

1 - exhaust manifold, 2 - EGR cooler, 3 - throttle body, 4 - intake manifold, 5 - EGR cooler bypass valve, 6 - EGR
control valve. a - intake air, b - EGR gas, c - EGR gas (through bypass)
• DOC (oxidation catalyst) - primary stage of exhaust gas cleaning - oxidizes
hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) to water (H2O) and carbon dioxide
(CO2).

1 - DPF, 2 - DOC (oxidation catalyst)

• DPF (diesel particulate filter) - used to accumulation and combustion of soot

particles.

1 - injector, 2 - glow plug, 3 - air flow meter, 4 - turbocharger, 5 - exhaust fuel addition injector, 6 - oxidation catalyst
(DOC), 7 - differential pressure sensor, 8 - diesel particulate filter (DPF), 9 - exhaust gas temperature sensor 1, 10 -
exhaust gas temperature sensor 2, 11 - exhaust gas temperature sensor 3, 12 - glow plug controller, 13 - coolant
temperature sensor, 14 - ECM, 15 - combination meter, 16 - air fuel ratio sensor, 17 - CAN bus (V)

DPF passive regeneration can be performed by itself under the condition of exhaust
gases high temperature.

However, over time the amount of soot in the filter is increased and its capacity is
reduced which requires active regeneration. The control unit determines clogging of the
filter by analysis of driving conditions, and activates injectors, the exhaust injector,
glow plugs and controls the engine speed. The DPF material temperature increases up
to 600-700°C and soot particles burn out.

But if driving conditions do not allow to perform active regeneration automatically for a
long time, soot accumulation may exceed the specified limits, so then the ECU
illuminates DPF warning lamp, offering the driver to move at a constant speed above
60 km/h to perform active regeneration. When the maximum level of soot
accumulation exceeded the warning lamp flashes, offering the driver to go to the
workshop to perform regeneration in the manual mode. Finally, in order to avoid
damage to the DPF, ECU activates fail-safe mode with limited power output.

A switch for DPF manual mode regeneration was initially offered as an option.
C - "DPF FULL MANUAL REGENERATION REQUIRED SEE OWNER'S MANUAL", D - "DPF FULL VISIT YOUR
DEALER", E - MIL + "DPF FULL VISIT YOUR DEALER"

• SCR (selective catalytic reduction) - used to reduce of NOx contents in the exhaust
gas for Euro 6 emission standards by the injection of urea solution.
After injection of the solution the water vaporizes, then urea dissociates into isocyanic
acid and ammonia by hydrolysis.
CO(NH2)2 > NH3 + HNCO
At high temperature the isocyanic acid in its turn dissociates to carbon dioxide and
ammonia by hydrolysis.
HNCO + H2O > NH3 + CO2
Ammonia accumulates in the catalyst and reacts with nitrogen oxides of exhaust gases,
resulting in a pure nitrogen and water.
NO + NO2 + 2NH3 > 2N2 + 3H2O

1 - urea injector, 2 - SCR catalyst, 3 - ammonia slip catalyst (ASC), 4 - urea tube/heater, 5 - urea tank, 6 - urea pump, 7
- urea pump control unit, 8 - central gateway ECU, 9 - ECM, 10 - combination meter, 11 - NOx sensor, 12 - exhaust gas
temperature sensor 4, 13 - CAN bus 2, 14 - CAN bus L

The urea pump functions are proper supply of urea into the exhaust system (pressure
of about 0.5 MPa), urea heating (temperature of solution freezing is about -11°C),
filtration and reagent level monitoring.
 1 - SCR catalyst, 2 - ASC-catalyst

Electrical equipment

The starting system provides a range of planetary gear starters from 1.9 to 2.7 kW. For
models with stop-start function, an ATF electric pump has been added.

Engine mounts

Engines for Prado equipped with active mounts to adjust damping force.

1 - vacuum pump, 2 - active mounts, 3 - VSV, 4 - ECM, 5 - vehicle speed, 6 - engine

speed, 7 - valve ON, 8 - valve OFF.

- With the engine running at idle and vehicle low-speed, vacuum from the pump
supplied by VSV to the diaphragm, which moves and opens additional channels for the
fluid inside the mount. This allows more efficient damping of engine vibrations.
- Except idling, ECM switches VSV removing the vacuum from diaphragm. So the fluid
circulates only through one channel with a relatively large resistance.

1 - chamber 1, 2 - channel 1, chamber 2, 4 - diaphragm, 5 - channel 2,

6 - diaphragm (pulled), 7 - vacuum.

2GD-FTV type'20

The minor engine was also modified, but minimal changes did not lead to a change of
its performance: by analogy with 2.8, pistons and rings were updated, a 2-mode oil
pump was installed.

Experience

The first years of operation did not reveal any major problems of the GD series,
although some specific malfunctions should be noted. Moreover, these faults were
unusually promptly confirmed by Toyota and described in TSB.

• Difficulties of auto-regeneration cause clogging of the particulate filter. As a result,

an invitation to visit a dealer is displayed and code P2463 stored. At the spring of
2017 a more successful ECU calibration appeared, since the summer of 2018 the
manual regeneration button became the standard equipment, since the spring of
2019 a special kit is recommended for installing the manual regeneration button for
everyone. Described in TSB EG-0026T-0416 and EG-00160T-TME.

• Dust ingress in the intake duct downstream of the air filter. The result - MAF sensor
contaminating, power loss and other errors. The defect is not recognized by the
manufacturer, but the phenomenon is indirectly mentioned in the TSB (EG-00119T-
TME).

• Malfunction or destruction of glow plugs, DTC P0671-P0674 stored. It is prescribed

to replace the glow plugs with the modified ones, reprogram ECU and, if neccesery,
check the combustion chamber for damage by broken plug tip fragments (also check
turbine wheel and nozzle vanes). Described in TSB EG-00043T-TME.

• Service campaign is declared for Japan-made Land Cruiser Prado, Hiace, Regius Ace
produced in March-June 2019 and equipped with 1GD-FTV engines (campaign UGG45,
TSB 19SMD-064 / recall # 4571). Defect - incorrect tightening torque of the fuel pipe
between the high-pressure fuel pump and the common rail, which cause loosenses of
the pipe fastening and fuel leakage. Prescription - replace the fuel pipe and clamp.

• DTC P24B1, P24B0, P24C6 appear due to a malfunction of the PM sensor.

Prescription - replacement of the sensor and recalibration of the control unit.
Described in TSB EG-00351T-TME.

• DTC P2463/P2458 appear due to fuel additional injector hole clogging. Presription -
replacement of the injector holder and recalibration of the control unit. Described in
TSB EG-00350T-TME.

• Excessive wear of camshafts and rocker arms. A possible external symptom - rough
idling. It is prescribed to replace camshafts and replace all rockers with the modified
ones (in 2019 two revisions of parts already released). Described in TSB EG-00162T-
TME.
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