GENERAL MATHEMATICS o Multiplication

– (fg)(x) = f(x) ∙ g(x)

1.1 CONCEPT OF FUNCTION = (2x + 6) (x + 3)
= 2x2 + 12x + 18
FUNCTION – relationship between sets of information usually
represented by ordered pairs. o Division
– ( f/ g) (x) = f(x) / g(x) , where g(x) ≠ 0
DOMAIN – independent variable (x) =
(2x+6)
(𝑥+3)
2(x + 3) 2(x + 3)
RANGE – dependent variable (y) = =
(𝑥 + 3) (𝑥 + 3)

E.g. f(x) = (1, 2) (3, 4) (5, 6) =2

Range – (2, 4, 6) domain – (1, 3, 5)

COMPOSITION OF FUNCTIONS
FUNCTION NOTATION – f(x) read as “f of x”
- f ◦ g = f( g(x) )
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS - g ◦ f = g( f(x) )
–substituting the value of x
Find, a. (f ◦ g)(x) and b. (g ◦ f)(x)
e.g. f(x) = 3x - 1 Given f(x) = 2x + 8, and g(x) = x + 4

if x=5, then f(5) = 3(5)-1 = 15-1 = 14 A. (f ◦ g)(x) = f(g(x)) = 2(x + 4) + 8

= 2x + 8 + 8 = 2x + 16
EVEN FUNCTION – f(-x) = f(x)
- No changes in the signs B. (g ◦ f)(x) = g(f(x)) = (2x + 8) + 4
- f(x) = x2 – 1 = 2x + 8 + 4 = 2x + 12
f(-x) = (-x)2 – 1
f(-x) = x2 - 1 PIECEWISE FUNCTION

ODD FUNCTION – f(-x) = -f(x)

- All signs are changed
- f(x) = 3x3 – x
f(-x) = 3(-x)3 - (-x) f(x) = 0, ½, 3, -2, 5 f(-2) = (-2)2 + 3 (-2) + 1
f(-x) = -3x3 + x
0 > -2 =4–6+1
NEITHER ODD NOR EVEN – If the sign of one term remained
the same, while the sign of other terms changed and vice f(0) = 0+7 = 7 = -2 + 1 = -1
versa.
-2 ≤ -2
- f(x) = 5x2 + x – 2
f(-x) = 5(-x)2 + (-x) – 2 1.2 CONCEPTS OF RATIONAL FUNCTION
f(-x) = 5x2 – x – 2
RATIONAL EQUATION
OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS - contain fractional expressions
Given f(x) = 2x+6, and g(x) = x+3 - Least common denominator or LCD is taken into
consideration
o Addition
– (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x) RATIONAL FUNCTION
= (2x + 6) + (x + 3)
= 3x + 9 - In symbol;
o Subtraction
– (f – g)(x) = f(x) – g(x)
= (2x + 6) – (x + 3)
=x-3 Where, p and q are polynomial functions and q(x) ≠ 0
 HORIZONTAL LINE TEST
a. x-intercept – equate numerator to zero
b. y-intercept – constant of the rational function
c. Horizontal Asymptote
- Degree of p < the degree of q; HA=0 or y=0

- Degree of p > the degree of q; HA=none or y=none

INVERSE OF A FUNCTION
- The degree of p=q; HA= ratio of the coefficient
1. Replace f(x) in the given function in terms of y.
2. Interchange x and y.
3. Solve for y.
4. Replace with f-1(x).

f(x) = 3x + 3
y = 3x + 3 → x = 3y + 3 → x – 3 = 3y

1/1 = 1; HA=1 or y=1

d. Vertical Asymptote
- Dependent on the denominator

VA hole of a graph 1.4 EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION

- can be written as f(x) = bx, where b > 0, and x is any
e. Domain real number
- Dependent on the Vertical Asymptote - ay = x
- {x|x ≠ (value of vertical asymptote)} *ZERO AS AN EXPONENT
f. Oblique Asymptote If n ≠ 0 then n0 = 1
- Degree of numerator is ONE HIGHER than the *NEGATVIVE EXPONENT
degree of denominator

1.5 LOGARITHMIC FUNCTION

- Use synthetic or long division to get the quotient that
will serve as the oblique asymptote.
g. Range
- Dependent on the horizontal asymptote
1.3 INVERSE OF A FUNCTION
- an exponent which b must have to produce y. in
either equation, a is called the base and must be a
positive number not equal to 1.
- logax = y
- “a log is an exponent” log = exponent

ONE-TO-ONE FUNCTION f(x) = log10x is called the common logarithm

- Every element in the DOMAIN is paired with a unique (only function.
one) element in range.
- Every x is paired with only one y and vice versa. In x = logex is called the natural logarithm.
- Only one-to-one function can have an inverse.