Name: Richard Roberts

Course: Psyc 101

Lecturer:

Psychology Core Paper

Part 1

The brain consists of different lobes that controls different functions. Each lobe is

responsible for different functions such as the frontal lobe, occipital lobes and the

temporal lobe. Neurotransmitters, and various chemicals in the brain, work together to

produce the desired outcome. All the body’s activities, and or emotions are control by

one or a combination of functions in the brain.

The frontal lobe as the name suggest is at the front of the brain and is responsible for

movement, speech and thought. In order for the body to move there first needs to be a

thought; “an idea or opinion produced by thinking or occurring suddenly in the mind” the

body then responds to the appropriate signals with muscle restriction or constriction. The

frontal lobe is also responsible for speech as it controls the body’s muscle movements;

for speech to occur an idea or thought is created then signals are sent to the lips, tongue,

larynx and lungs to make a sound.

The human vision or the perception thereof, is controlled by the primary visual cortex

located occipital lobe of the brain. For vision to occur the eyes accepts light then convert

the visible light into electrical signals which is received and interpreted by vision

registers in cerebral cortex.

Humans hearing is controlled by the temporal lobe, the primary auditory cortex receives

sound in the form of electrical signals from the sound receptors in the ear. The main area

responsible for hearing in the temporal lobe is the Wernicke’s area responsible for

language, understanding of the spoken word, speech and the written language.

Each lobe of the brain as different function and are interconnected with each other to

produce a desired outcome; example in order to speak there is number of different

processes which takes place, neurons in the frontal lobe needs to initiate a thought (idea)

then send signals to the temporal lobe for movement to the mouth to occur and speech as

a result.
Part 2

The human mind can compared to plastic or clay, it can be molded and shaped in a

variety of ways. In order to achieve this there different methods such as classical

conditioning, operant conditioning and observational learning. Human experiences are

combination of learned behaviors, which in turn create habits, and with repetition a

person's character is developed. The human brain is very complex and possesses the

amazing ability to change perceptions in response to different stimuli.

Learning is fundamental to human survival, there are variety of ways to learn; one such

method is classical conditioning. This creates permanent change in knowledge, behavior,

attitude and mental capacity. Classical conditioning is the simplest form of learning; the

association between stimuli forms learning. These stimuli can be sound, touch, sight

(light or darkness) etc. Each stimulus will invoke a different emotional response.

However the emotional responses triggered are influenced by classical conditioning. E.g.

my parents were afraid of the dark thought me to be afraid as well.

Getting a speed fine, paying bank fees and getting marks deducted for late submission of

an assignment are examples of operant conditioning. This method of conditioning, gives

consequences of undesirable behaviors and reinforces more desirable attitudes, in order

create change. With operant conditioning there is either a negative or a positive

reinforcement. Due to operant conditioning I always drive the specified speed limit out

fear of being ticketed.

Imitation or observational learning is behavior modification in which the observer learns

by imitating another person. Compared with operant learning observational learning does

not require reinforcement, it however needs a model. Observational learning is very

important in children in order for them facilitate cognitive development process. When I

was a child I watched my father make a kite, when it was time for me to make my own I

was able to solve the problems I encountered in making a kite.

Part 3
Part 4

Intelligence: the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills; the collection of

information of military or political value; the use of logic, thought, understanding, self-

awareness, communication, learning, having emotional knowledge, and problem solving;

Superior powers of mind; the faculty of understanding. Knowledge is the base for

intelligence, and is fundamental in gaining a higher level of understanding. It is

imperative that human beings be intelligent so as to give reason to actions, and thought to

decisions. In the field of psychology the human mind is considered to control a persons

behavior and emotions. Human thoughts and behaviors controlled mentally in the brain,

and are directly affected by ones intellect or intelligence.

The term “intelligent person” does not only refer to geniuses “the Einsteins”; all humans

possess intelligence, however to different degrees. The universal test that determines

intelligence level is called the IQ (intelligence quotient) test. Performing an IQ test can be

a daunting task to some persons, while is welcomed by others. The test itself is comprised

of “commonsense” multiple-choice questions; the test gives options for questions that

may mislead the person doing the test. There’s a twenty (20) second time limit for each

question; this helps to determine how fast the brain processes information. The test is

divided in different subject areas that help to determine a person’s proficiency in a

particular area of study. The resulting IQ score is based on the correct answers, the

person’s age and the time taken to complete the test. While performing the IQ test my
thought was to get a high score, of the level of a genius. Whether it makes any difference

getting a high IQ score would reassure me that I was “smart”. In the minutes it took to do

the IQ test I felt that my stress level increased I could feel my heart “beating” faster, as if

I was doing something that my life depended upon. I did not want to get score of less

than 110, and definitely more than 70(below this means that I would be mentally

handicapped). After the test and I reviewed my result I felt much better; my stress level

fell, and I realize that the IQ test did not mean anything really because it had not changed

the perception of my self.

Intelligence is much knowledge as it is perception. Each person thinks differently, and

since thought is directly linked with intelligence every normal person is intelligent in

there own unique way.