Chettinad Vidya Mandir

Grade : 7 Subject: Mathematics

The Triangle and its Properties

Triangle:

A triangle is a simple closed curve made up of three line segments.

It has three sides and three angles.

Classification of Triangles:

Median:

The line segment joining a vertex of a triangle to the midpoint of its opposite side is called a
median of the triangle.

 A triangle has three medians.

Altitude :

The perpendicular line segment from a vertex to its opposite side is called altitude of the
triangle.

 A triangle has three altitudes.

 Altitude is also called the height of the triangle.
Some results on Triangle:

i) Each angle of an equilateral triangle is .

ii) The angles opposite to equal sides of an isosceles triangle are equal.
iii) A scalene triangle has no two angles are equal.
iv) A triangle cannot have more than one right angle.
v) A triangle cannot have more than one obtuse angle.
vi) In a right angled triangle, the sum of two acute angle is .

Exterior angle of a triangle:

An exterior angle of a triangle is formed when side of a triangle is produced.

(At each vertex we have two ways of forming an exterior angle)

Property of Exterior Angles:

An exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of its interior opposite angles.
 Angle sum property of a triangle:

The sum of all interior angles of a triangle is

Property of the lengths of sides of a triangle:

 The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the length of the
third side.

 The difference between the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is less than the length
of the third side.
In a right angle triangle,

Hypotenuse:

The side opposite to the right angle is called the hypotenuse.

Hypotenuse is the longest side of a right angle triangle.

Legs :

The two sides of a right angle triangle other than the hypotenuse are called its legs.

Pythagoras Property:

In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of its other two
sides.

.
Note:

In right triangle, the square on the hypotenuse= sum of the squares on the legs