Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport

College of Language and Communication (CLC)

Languages Department
English for Engineering

September 2020

ESP 2 Engineering (LH 132)

General Revision

Unit 6

A. Choose the correct answer from the following:

1. Why don’t we ______________ to the drawing board?

 go
 going

2. Why ______________ we reschedule the whole operation?

 not
 don’t

3. What about _____________ our co-engineers?

 consulting
 consult

4. We need to measure the __________ of the inside space of the container.

 ability
 capacity
 energy

5. The ____________ of the flight simulator are required.

 volumes
 cores
 dimensions

6. With _______________ to the timescale, when are we going to start the

construction?
 regard
 regards
 regarding

7. As ______________ as the schedule is concerned, we are starting on July 26th.

 long
 far
 much

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8. Is it possible to _____________ the risks?
 quantify
 assess
 test

9. We could cut grooves in the statue, or ____________ we could drill into it

vertically.
 alternative
 alternating
 alternatively

10. According to the analysis, the project is perfectly _____________ .

 feasible
 feasibility
 feasibly

11. It will be a ____________ job. .

 painstalking
 painsticking
 painstaking

12. The inventor of this machine spent years_____________the design.

 refining
 reinventing
 rethinking

13. The mayor decided to _____________ the town monuments.

 redesign
 remain
 revamp

14. This new technology is a ______________ in tunnels construction.

 quantum leap
 quantity leap
 qualify leap

15. I suppose there is _____________for improvement in this area.

 space
 interface
 room

16. It is a completely new model; we designed it from the _____________ .

 scratch
 ground up
 back

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 Unit 7

A. Fill in the gaps with words from the list below. There are TWO extra words.

comply with – flammable – confined- contravene- corrosive –compulsory- asphyxiation

1- Wearing personal protective equipment is ………………… in hazardous

workplaces.
2- Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrofluoric acid are examples of
………………… substances that can destroy metal.
3- Safety overalls must not be made of ………………… material such as acrylic or
polyester as not to catch fire easily.
4- While cleaning a closed purifying tank, workers must wear Oxygen masks to avoid
Nitrogen ………………….
5- If the contractors …………………any term of the Building Code, the punishment
can include imprisonment, or a fine of not less than $ 50,000.

B. Rewrite the following sentences using the correct expressions from the box
below. There is ONE extra expression.

crucial- in the event of - under no circumstances – at all times – authorized

1- Engineers aren't allowed at all to work on the construction site without PPE.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2- Restricted areas should stay locked for safety precautions all the time.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
3- Checking electrical circuits for no current is advisable before working on them.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
4- Call the manufacturer of the extinguisher if there is any problem with it.
…………………………………………………………………………………………

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 Unit 8

A. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the correct words from
the box below. There are THREE extra words.

optimum – cumulative – rate – cycle – frequency – consumption – timescale –

input – output
1. We can achieve ….. performance – differential
if we follow the engineer’s instructions.

1. The ………………..of trains has increased since we doubled their number.

2. Add the grades you’ve got in the four years, and you’ll know your
……………………. grade.
3. We need to monitor the fuel …… …………..because we think the device
consumes a lot of it.
4. This power plant produces an ……………… of 3.5 billion kWh per year.
5. This project’s ………………………. is very tight! How can we finish it in two
weeks?
6. The flow ………………... seems good; the liquid moves smoothly.

B. Replace the underlined words/phrases in the following sentences with their

synonyms from the box. There are TWO EXTRA words.

detector – pick up – reading – regulates – set off – triggered – detects

1. We shall install a presence sensor in this building.

2. The water kept flooding in Egypt, but now the dam controls it.
3. When the machine senses an error, it sends warning signals to the manager.
4. I took the measurement of the thermometer, and I can tell that the patient is
getting better.
5. The smoke activated the fire alarm.

C. Match the sensor or the measuring system to the suitable application. There
are TWO EXTRA words.

pressure measurement – temperature measurement - flow measurement – level

measurement – process recorders

1. Measuring the amount of gas flowing through a pipe.

2. Measuring the temperature of liquid in an appliance.
3. Checking the amount of ethanol in a tank.

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D. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the correct words from the
box below. There are TWO extra words.

band of fluctuation – blips – continual – peak demand – range – peaks and

troughs – continuous – fluctuations
1. If you want to see where changes took place, check the --------

1. There has been a ……………………….. increase in our net profit. I think this
is our lucky year!
2. The graph shows various …………………. in the price of gold.
3. The sales of the company have significantly increased this quarter because we
offered the product at a time of ………………………………….
4. Tourism is one of the fields that experience a lot of ………………………..
moments.
5. There has been a ………………………civil war in this country for ten years.

E. Replace the underlined words/phrases in the following sentences with their

synonyms from the box. There are TWO EXTRA words.
a ballpark figure – nowhere near – off the top of my head – pretty much – roughly –
somewhere in the
1. The price the carofis –much
of region the vast
moremajority
than my – well over – next to nothing – a good
budget.

1. A huge number of the audience stood in awe by the end of the play.
2. After losing his apartment and job, he has got almost nothing.
3. I am sorry I can’t give you an answer without careful thought. I must do my
research first.
4. This is only a rough numerical estimate. If you need the exact numbers, come
by tomorrow.
5. Yes, this is mostly what I’m looking for.

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 Forming Questions

1. A: ________’s the hand drill?

B: It's over there.
 What size
 Where
 What

2. A: ________ has the key for the lock?

B: I do.
 Who
 Which
 What

3. A: ________ do you come to the construction site?

B: I always come by bus.
 How come
 How
 How often

4. A: ________ does it cost to replace all filters?

B: It's about $2000.
 How come
 How many
 How much

5. A: ________’s the next project?

B: In two months.
 When
 What
 How often

6. A: ________ persons are coming to the meeting?

B: About twenty people.
 How much
 Who
 How many

7. A: ________ do you maintain the elevators?

B: Every month.
 How often
 How much
 How long

8. What key feasibility issue does she ?

 identify
 identifies
 identified

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9. Who the wiring system?
 did install
 installed

10. Who with?

 work
 do you work

11. Who ?
 smokes
 does smoke

12. Who you the news?

 did tell
 told

13. Something odd happened to the crane during the storm

 What happened during the storm?
 What did happen during the storm?

14. They brought thicker steel bars.

 What did they bring?
 What did they brought?

15. One of the workers made the holes wider than required.
 Who did make the holes wider than required?
 Who made the holes wider than required?

16. I sent the needs analysis e-mail to the team leader.

 Who did you send the e-mail to?
 Who sent the e-mail?

The Passive Voice

A. Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voice.
1- The workers must carefully remove any asbestos insulation before installing a new
one.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2- How do you store data on a smartcard?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
3- The mechanic is going to lubricate all the squealing gears with grease.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
4- The architect drew the building’s façade using Autocad.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
5- The chief engineer is not executing the plans as agreed.
…………………………………………………………………………………………

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 Reading Comprehension

High-tech crime-fighting tools

Crime-fighting technology is getting more sophisticated and rightly so. The police need to be
equipped for the 21st century. In Britain, we’ve already got the world's biggest DNA database. By
next year the state will have access to the genetic data of 4.25m people: one British-based person in
14. Hundreds of thousands of those on the database will never have been charged with a crime.

5 Britain is also reported to have more than £4 million CCTV (closed circuit television) cameras.
There is a continuing debate about the effectiveness of CCTV. Some evidence suggests that it is
helpful in reducing shoplifting and car crime. It has also been used to successfully identify
terrorists and murderers. However, many claim that better lighting is just as effective to prevent
crime and that cameras could displace crime. An internal police report said that only one crime was
10 solved for every 1,000 cameras in London in 2007. In short, there is conflicting evidence about the
effectiveness of cameras, so it is likely that the debate will continue.

Professor Mike Press, who has spent the past decade studying how design can contribute to crime
reduction, said that, in order for CCTV to have any effect, it must be used in a targeted way. For
example, a scheme in Manchester records every license plate at the entrance of a shopping
15 complex and alerts police when one is found to belong to an untaxed or stolen car. This is an
effective example of monitoring, he said. Most schemes that simply record city centers continually
— often not being watched - do not produce results. CCTV can also have the opposite effect of that
intended, by giving citizens a false sense of security and encouraging them to be careless with
property and personal safety. Professor Press said: All the evidence suggests that CCTV alone
20 makes no positive impact on crime reduction and prevention at all the weight of evidence would
suggest the investment is more or less a waste of money unless you have lots of other things in
place.’ He believes that much of the increase is driven by the marketing efforts of security
companies who promote the crime-reducing benefits of their products. He described it as a lazy
approach to crime prevention’ and said that authorities should instead be focusing on how to alter
25 the environment to reduce crime.

But in reality, this is not what is happening. Instead, police are considering using more technology.
Police forces have recently begun experimenting with cameras in their helmets. The footage will be
stored on police computers, along with the footage from thousands of CCTV cameras and millions
of pictures from number-plate recognition cameras used increasingly to check up on motorists.

30 And now another type of technology is being introduced. It's called the Micro-drone and it’s a toy-
sized remote-control craft that hovers above streets or crowds to film what’s going on beneath. The
Micro-drone has already been used to monitor rock festivals, but its supplier has also been in
discussions to supply it to the Metropolitan Police, and the Serious Organized Crime Agency
(SOCA). The drones are small enough to be unnoticed by people on the ground when they are
35 flying at 350ft. They contain high-resolution video surveillance equipment and an infrared night
vision capability, so even in darkness they give their operators a bird’s-eye view of locations while
remaining virtually undetectable.

The worrying thing is, who will get access to this technology? The company that makes the drone
says it has no plans to license the equipment to individuals or private companies, which hopefully
5 40 will prevent private security firms from getting their hands on them. But what about local
authorities? As long as high-tech tools are being used in the fight against crime and terrorism, fine.

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But if it’s another weapon to be used to invade our privacy then we don’t want it.

A. Answer the following questions.

1. Give examples of TWO events form the text to show that technology is used
to watch crowds.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. According to Professor Press, how should the CCTV system be used to lower
crime rates?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. Why are Micro-drones more effective as a surveillance tool than CCTV?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

B. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). Correct
the FALSE ones.

1. The British authorities use four million cameras to monitor their citizens.
( )
_____________________________________________________________________

2. Recently, police officers have had cameras fixed to their vests.

( )
_____________________________________________________________________

3. The writer believes that installing cameras in the streets is a total waste of
money. ( )
_____________________________________________________________________

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C. Find words in the text that are synonymous with the words below.
(Line numbers are given between brackets)

1. A possession or a belonging (noun) (L.15-20): ………………………….

2. Flies or floats (verb) (L. 30 -35): ……………………………………….

D. What do the following pronouns refer to in the text? Line numbers are
given between brackets.

1. it (L.5): ………………………….
2. their (L. 23): ……………………..

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