First A. Author, Second B. Author, and Third C.
Author
Preparation of Papers for International Journal of
Computer Theory and Engineering (IJCTE)

Abstract—These instructions give you guidelines for
preparing papers for the International Journal of Computer
Theory and Engineering (IJCTE). Use this document as a
template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later.
Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The
electronic file of your paper will be formatted further at
International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering.
Define all symbols used in the abstract. Do not cite references
in the abstract. Do not delete the blank line immediately
above the abstract; it sets the footnote at the bottom of this
column.
Index Terms—About four key words or phrases in
alphabetical order, separated by commas.
I. INTRODUCTION
Highlight a section that you want to designate with a
certain style, then select the appropriate name on the style
menu. The style will adjust your fonts and line spacing. Do
not change the font sizes or line spacing to squeeze more
text into a limited number of pages. Use italics for
emphasis; do not underline.
To insert images in Word, position the cursor at the
insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | From File or
copy the image to the Windows clipboard and then Edit |
Paste Special | Picture (with “Float over text” unchecked).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER
THEORY AND ENGINEERING reserves the right to do
the final formatting of your paper.
II.PROCEDURE FOR PAPER SUBMISSION
A. Review Stage
Submit your manuscript electronically for review.
B. Final Stage
When you submit your final version, after your paper has
been accepted, prepare it in two-column format, including
figures and tables.
C. Figures
As said, to insert images in Word, position the cursor at
Manuscript received October 9, 2001. (Write the date on which you

submitted your paper for review.) This work was supported in part by the
U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant BS123456 (sponsor and
financial support acknowledgment goes here). Paper titles should be written
in uppercase and lowercase letters, not all uppercase. Avoid writing long
formulas with subscripts in the title; short formulas that identify the
elements are fine (e.g., "Nd–Fe–B"). Do not write "(Invited)" in the title.
Full names of authors are preferred in the author field, but are not required.
Put a space between authors' initials.
F. A. Author is with the National Institute of Standards and Technology,
Boulder, CO 80305 USA (e-mail: author@ boulder.nist.gov).
S. B. Author was with Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA. He is
now with the Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort
Collins, CO 80523 USA (e-mail: author@lamar. colostate.edu).
T. C. Author is with the Electrical Engineering Department, University
of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, on leave from the National
Research Institute for Metals, Tsukuba, Japan (e-mail: author@nrim.go.jp).
the insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | From File
or copy the image to the Windows clipboard and then Edit |
Paste Special | Picture (with “Float over text” unchecked).
The authors of the accepted manuscripts will be given a
copyright form and the form should accompany your final
submission.
III. MATH
If you are using Word, use either the Microsoft Equation
Editor or the MathType add-on (http://www.mathtype.com)
for equations in your paper (Insert | Object | Create New |
Microsoft Equation or MathType Equation). “Float over
text” should not be selected.
IV. UNITS
Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units
are strongly encouraged.) English units may be used as
secondary units (in parentheses). This applies to papers in
data storage. For example, write “15 Gb/cm 2 (100
Gb/in2).” An exception is when English units are used as
identifiers in trade, such as “3½ in disk drive.” Avoid
combining SI and CGS units, such as current in amperes
and magnetic field in oersteds. This often leads to
confusion because equations do not balance dimensionally.
If you must use mixed units, clearly state the units for each
quantity in an equation.
The SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m.
However, if you wish to use units of T, either refer to
magnetic flux density B or magnetic field strength
symbolized as µ0H. Use the center dot to separate
compound units, e.g., “A·m2.”
V.HELPFUL HINTS
A. Figures and Tables
Because the final formatting of your paper is limited in
scale, you need to position figures and tables at the top and
bottom of each column. Large figures and tables may span
both columns. Place figure captions below the figures;
place table titles above the tables. If your figure has two
parts, include the labels “(a)” and “(b)” as part of the
artwork. Please verify that the figures and tables you
mention in the text actually exist. Do not put borders
around the outside of your figures. Use the abbreviation
“Fig.” even at the beginning of a sentence. Do not
abbreviate “Table.” Tables are numbered with Roman
numerals.
Include a note with your final paper indicating that you
request color printing. Do not use color unless it is
necessary for the proper interpretation of your figures.
Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use
words rather than symbols. As an example, write the
quantity “Magnetization,” or “Magnetization M,” not just C. Abbreviations and Acronyms
“M.” Put units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they
units. As in Fig. 1, for example, write “Magnetization are used in the text, even after they have already been

(A/m)” or “Magnetization (A m1),” not just “A/m.” Do defined in the abstract. Abbreviations such as SI, ac, and dc
not label axes with a ratio of quantities and units. For do not have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate
example, write “Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.” periods should not have spaces: write “C.N.R.S.,” not “C.
Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write N. R. S.” Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they
“Magnetization (kA/m)” or “Magnetization (10 3 A/m).” Do are unavoidable (for example, “INTERNATIONAL
not write “Magnetization (A/m)  1000” because the reader JOURNAL OF COMPUTER THEORY AND
would not know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant ENGINEERING” in the title of this article).
16000 A/m or 0.016 A/m. Figure labels should be legible,
D. Equations
approximately 8 to 12 point type.
Number equations consecutively with equation numbers
TABLE I: THE ARRANGEMENT OF CHANNELS in parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). First
Channels Group 1 Group 2 … Group c use the equation editor to create the equation. Then select
Main channel Channel 1 Channel 2 … Channel c the “Equation” markup style. Press the tab key and write
Assistant channel Channel 2 Channel 3 … Channel 1 the equation number in parentheses. To make your
equations more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the
exp function, or appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to
avoid ambiguities in denominators. Punctuate equations
when they are part of a sentence, as in

r2
 0
F ( r ,  ) dr d  [ r2 / ( 2 0 )]

 exp(   | z j  zi | ) 1 J 1 (  r2 ) J 0 (  ri ) d .
0

(1)
Fig. 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field.
Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been
defined before the equation appears or immediately
B. References following. Italicize symbols (T might refer to temperature,
Number citations consecutively in square brackets [1]. but T is the unit tesla). Refer to “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or
The sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple “equation (1),” except at the beginning of a sentence:
references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate “Equation (1) is ... .”
brackets [1]–[3]. When citing a section in a book, please E. Other Recommendations
give the relevant page numbers [2]. In sentences, refer
Use one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate
simply to the reference number, as in [3]. Do not use “Ref.
complex modifiers: “zero-field-cooled magnetization.”
[3]” or “reference [3]” except at the beginning of a
Avoid dangling participles, such as, “Using (1), the
sentence: “Reference [3] shows ... .” Number footnotes
potential was calculated.” [It is not clear who or what used
separately in superscripts (Insert | Footnote). 1 Place the
(1).] Write instead, “The potential was calculated by using
actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it is
(1),” or “Using (1), we calculated the potential.”
cited; do not put footnotes in the reference list (endnotes).
Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25,” not “.25.” Use
Use letters for table footnotes (see Table I).
“cm 3,” not “cc.” Indicate sample dimensions as “0.1 cm 
Please note that the references at the end of this
0.2 cm,” not “0.1  0.2 cm2.” The abbreviation for
document are in the preferred referencing style. Give all
“seconds” is “s,” not “sec.” Do not mix complete spellings
authors’ names; do not use “et al.” unless there are six
and abbreviations of units: use “Wb/m 2” or “webers per
authors or more. Use a space after authors' initials. Papers
square meter,” not “webers/m 2.” When expressing a range
that have not been published should be cited as
of values, write “7 to 9” or “7-9,” not “7~9.”
“unpublished” [4]. Papers that have been submitted for
A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is
publication should be cited as “submitted for publication”
punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A
[5]. Papers that have been accepted for publication, but not
parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the
yet specified for an issue should be cited as “to be
parentheses.) In American English, periods and commas
published” [6]. Please give affiliations and addresses for
are within quotation marks, like “this period.” Other
private communications [7].
punctuation is “outside”! Avoid contractions; for example,
Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for
write “do not” instead of “don’t.” The serial comma is
proper nouns and element symbols. For papers published in
preferred: “A, B, and C” instead of “A, B and C.”
translation journals, please give the English citation first,
If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or
followed by the original foreign-language citation [8].
plural and use the active voice (“I observed that ...” or “We
1
It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the observed that ...” instead of “It was observed that ...”).
unnumbered footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not
integrate the footnote information into the text.
English, please get a native English-speaking colleague to
proofread your paper.
VI. SOME COMMON MISTAKES
The word “data” is plural, not singular. The subscript for
the permeability of vacuum µ0 is zero, not a lowercase
letter “o.” The term for residual magnetization is
“remanence”; the adjective is “remanent”; do not write
“remnance” or “remnant.” Use the word “micrometer”
instead of “micron.” A graph within a graph is an “inset,”
not an “insert.” The word “alternatively” is preferred to the
word “alternately” (unless you really mean something that
alternates). Use the word “whereas” instead of “while”
(unless you are referring to simultaneous events). Do not
use the word “essentially” to mean “approximately” or
“effectively.” Do not use the word “issue” as a euphemism
for “problem.” When compositions are not specified,
separate chemical symbols by en-dashes; for example,
“NiMn” indicates the intermetallic compound Ni 0.5Mn0.5
whereas “Ni–Mn” indicates an alloy of some composition
NixMn1-x.
Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones
“affect” (usually a verb) and “effect” (usually a noun),
“complement” and “compliment,” “discreet” and
“discrete,” “principal” (e.g., “principal investigator”) and
“principle” (e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do not
confuse “imply” and “infer.”
Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,” “multi,” and
“"ultra” are not independent words; they should be joined
to the words they modify, usually without a hyphen. There
is no period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.”
(it is also italicized). The abbreviation “i.e.,” means “that
is,” and the abbreviation “e.g.,” means “for example”
(these abbreviations are not italicized).
An excellent style manual and source of information for
science writers is [9].
VII. EDITORIAL POLICY
The submitting author is responsible for obtaining
agreement of all coauthors and any consent required from
sponsors before submitting a paper. It is the obligation of
the authors to cite relevant prior work.
Authors of rejected papers may revise and resubmit them
to the journal again.
VIII.PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES
The contents of the journal are peer-reviewed and
archival. The journal International Journal of Computer
Theory and Engineering publishes scholarly articles of
archival value as well as tutorial expositions and critical
reviews of classical subjects and topics of current interest.
Authors should consider the following points:
1) Technical papers submitted for publication must
advance the state of knowledge and must cite relevant
prior work.
2) The length of a submitted paper should be
commensurate with the importance, or appropriate to
the complexity, of the work. For example, an obvious
extension of previously published work might not be
appropriate for publication or might be adequately
treated in just a few pages.
3) Authors must convince both peer reviewers and the
editors of the scientific and technical merit of a paper;
the standards of proof are higher when extraordinary or
unexpected results are reported.
4) Because replication is required for scientific progress,
papers submitted for publication must provide
sufficient information to allow readers to perform
similar experiments or calculations and use the
reported results. Although not everything need be
disclosed, a paper must contain new, useable, and fully
described information. For example, a specimen's
chemical composition need not be reported if the main
purpose of a paper is to introduce a new measurement
technique. Authors should expect to be challenged by
reviewers if the results are not supported by adequate
data and critical details.
IX. CONCLUSION
A conclusion section is usually required. Although a
conclusion may review the main points of the paper, do not
replicate the abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might
elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest
applications and extensions.
APPENDIX
Appendixes, if needed, appear before the
acknowledgment.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Please declare whether or not the submitted work was
carried out with a conflict of interest. If yes, please state
any personal, professional or financial relationships that
could potentially be construed as a conflict of interest. If
no, please add "The authors declare no conflict of interest".
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Please state each author's contribution to this work, it
can be up to several sentences long and should briefly
describe the tasks of individual authors. e.g., AB conducted
the research; CD analyzed the data; AB wrote the
paper; ...; all authors had approved the final version.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgment” in
American English is without an “e” after the “g.” Use the
singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments.
Avoid expressions such as “One of us (S.B.A.) would like
to thank ... .” Instead, write “F. A. Author thanks ... .”
Sponsor and financial support acknowledgments are
placed in the unnumbered footnote on the first page.
REFERENCES
(Periodical style)
[1] S. Chen, B. Mulgrew, and P. M. Grant, “A clustering technique for
digital communications channel equalization using radial basis
 function networks,” IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks, vol. 4, pp. 570-
578, July 1993.
[2] J. U. Duncombe, “Infrared navigation—Part I: An assessment of
feasibility,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. ED-11, pp. 34-39,
Jan. 1959.
[3] C. Y. Lin, M. Wu, J. A. Bloom, I. J. Cox, and M. Miller, “Rotation,
scale, and translation resilient public watermarking for images,” IEEE
Trans. Image Process., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 767-782, May 2001.
(Book style)
[4] A. Cichocki and R. Unbehaven, Neural Networks for Optimization
and Signal Processing, 1st ed. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley, 1993, ch. 2,
pp. 45-47.
[5] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems, Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123-135.
[6] H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation; New
York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4.
(Book style with paper title and editor)
[7] R. A. Scholtz, “The Spread Spectrum Concept,” in Multiple Access,
N. Abramson, Ed. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 1993, ch. 3, pp. 121-
123.
[8] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,” in Plastics,
2nd ed. vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-
64.
(Published Conference Proceedings style)
[9] M. B. Kasmani, “A Socio-linguistic Study of Vowel Harmony in Persi
an (Different Age Groups Use of Vowel Harmony Perspective,” Inter
national Proceedings of Economics Development and Research, ed.  major field of study should be lower-cased.
Chen Dan, pp. 359-366, vol. 26, 2011.   The second paragraph uses the pronoun of the person (he or she) and not
[10] W. D. Doyle, “Magnetization reversal in films with biaxial
anisotropy,” in Proc. 1987 INTERMAG Conf., 1987, pp. 2.2-1-2.2-6.
(Presented Conference Paper style)
[11] G. W. Juette and L. E. Zeffanella, “Radio noise currents n short
sections on bundle conductors,” presented at the IEEE Summer Power
Meeting, Dallas, TX, June 22-27, 1990.
(Thesis or Dissertation style)
[12] J. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer,” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect.
Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA, 1993.
[13] N. Kawasaki, “Parametric study of thermal and chemical
nonequilibrium nozzle flow,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Electron. Eng., Osaka
Univ., Osaka, Japan, 1993.
(Patent style)
[14] J. P. Wilkinson, “Nonlinear resonant circuit devices,” U.S. Patent 3
624 12, July 16, 1990.
(Standards style)
[15] Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard Y10.5-1968.
(Handbook style)
[16] Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed., Western Electric
Co., Winston-Salem, NC, 1985, pp. 44-60.
[17] Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola Semiconductor
Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, 1989.
(Journal Online Sources style)
[18] R. J. Vidmar. (August 1992). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as
electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3).
pp. 876-880. Available:
http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03-vidmar
Copyright © 2019 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed
under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided
the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).
(All authors should include biographies with photo at the end of
regular papers.)
First A. Author and the other authors may include biographies at the end
of regular papers. The first paragraph may contain a place and/or date of
birth (list place, then date). Next, the author’s educational background is
listed. The degrees should be listed with type of degree in what field, which
institution, city, state or country, and year degree was earned. The author’s
the author’s last name. It lists military and work experience, including
summer and fellowship jobs. Job titles are capitalized. The current job must
have a location; previous positions may be listed without one. Information
concerning previous publications may be included. Try not to list more
than three books or published articles. The format for listing publishers of a
book within the biography is: title of book (city, state: publisher name,
year) similar to a reference. Current and previous research interests ends
the paragraph.
The third paragraph begins with the author’s title and last name (e.g., Dr.
Smith, Prof. Jones, Mr. Kajor, Ms. Hunter). Finally, list any awards and
work for committees and publications. If a photograph is provided, the
biography will be indented around it. The photograph is placed at the top
left of the biography. Personal hobbies will be deleted from the biography.