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7/8

TLE CSS
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Performing Mensuration
and Calculations
TLE Computer System Servicing – Grade 7/8
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Performing Mensuration and Calculations
First Edition, 2020

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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
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over them.

Development Team of the Module


Writer: Annabelle Y. Utay
Editors: Latreia E. Estabillo, Dawn Hope S. Almuena, Mary Joy M. Velasco
Reviewers: Evelyn C. Frusa, PhD, Grace J. Miravalles, Rolex H. Lotilla and Arvin M. Tejada
Illustrator: Jed A. Batisanan
Layout Artist: Sharon D. Lademora
Cover Art Designer: Reggie D. Galindez
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director
Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Crispin A. Soliven Jr., CESE - Schools Division Superintendent
Roberto J. Montero EdD, CESE - Asst. Schools Div. Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM
Gilda O. Orendain – REPS, Subject Area Supervisor
Belen Fajemolin PhD - CID Chief
Evelyn C. Frusa PhD - Division EPS In Charge of LRMS
Bernardita M. Villano - Division ADM Coordinator
Grace J. Miravalles - EPS, Subject Area Supervisor

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Region

Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal


Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
E-mail Address: region12@deped.gov.ph
7/8

TLE Computer
Systems Servicing
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Performing Mensuration and
Calculations
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the TLE Computer System Servicing with Grade 7/8 Self-Learning
Module (SLM) on Performing Mensuration and Calculations!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher


This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the TLE Computer System Servicing - Grade 7/8 Self-Learning Module
(SLM) on Performing Mensuration and Calculations!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to


check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link


the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be


introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the


lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent


practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank


sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will


help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

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Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given


to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the


module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing


this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the Performing Mensuration and Calculations. The scope of this module permits it
to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:


 LO 1 – Select measuring instruments;
 LO 2 – Carry out measurements and calculation and
 LO 3 – Maintain measuring instruments.

After going through this module, you are expected to:


1. Identify object/s or component to be measured
2. Obtain correct specifications from relevant source
3. Select measuring tools in line with job requirements
4. Select appropriate measuring instrument to achieve required outcome
5. Obtain accurate measurements for job
6. Perform calculation needed to complete task using the four mathematical
fundamental operations addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (x), and
division (÷)
7. Use calculation involving fractions, percentages and mixed numbers to
complete workplace tasks
8. Self-check and correct numerical computation for accuracy
9. Read instruments to the limit of accuracy of the tool
10. Ensure proper handling of measuring instruments to avoid damage and
clean it before and after using.

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Let’s define the following terms!

1. Bandwidth - The amount of information that can be sent each second over a
network connection. A broadband internet connection has high bandwidth.

2. Bit - The most basic unit of information that can be stored in a computer

3. Byte - A basic unit for storing computer information, used for measuring the size
of a document. A byte is usually made up of eight bits. The written abbreviation
is B.

3. Capacity - The amount of information that can be stored on a computer or on a


CD or floppy disk.

4. Clock speed - The speed at which a computer works.

5. Dpi - Dots per inch: a measurement of the ability of a computer screen or


printer to produce a clear image

7. Gigabyte - A unit for measuring computer information, equal to 1,024 megabytes.


The written abbreviation is GB.

8. Gigahertz - A unit for measuring sound waves, radio waves, and computer speed

9. Mbps - Means megabits per second. Mb is used in reference to download and


upload speeds.

10. MBps - Stands for megabytes per second. MB is used in reference to file size, or
the amount of data transferred.

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What I Know

PRE-TEST
Instruction: Let us answer the following test to determine how much you already
learned about mensuration and calculations applied for a specific job. Read carefully
and select the letter of the correct answer and write it in a separate sheet of paper.
1. It refers to the amount of information that you can store in a computer
storage.
a. Megabytes c. feet
b. Inches d. capacity
2. If you want to determine the height of a person, which one is NOT an
appropriate unit of measurement to be used.
a. centimeters c. bytes
b. meters d. feet
3. What is the capacity of computer hard disk used at present?
a. Bit c. Kilobyte
b. Bytes d. Terabyte
4. Computer speed is being measure using,
a. megabytes c. gigahertz
b. megahertz d. gigabytes
5. The smallest unit of information in computer.
a. Bit c. kilobits
b. Bytes d. kilobytes
6. It is used in reference to file size or the amount of data transferred.
a. MBps c. Bit
b. Mbps d. Byte
7. What is the basic unit of information in theory, computing and digital
communication?
a. Dpi c. Bytes
b. Bit d. Mbps
8. It is the most basic unit of information that can be stored in a computer.
a. Bit c. Kilobyte
b. Byte d. Megabyte
9. It is used in reference to download and upload speed.
a. MBps c. gigahertz
b. Mbps d. gigabytes

10. What is a memory equal to one billion bytes and a unit of storage capacity
for computer data?
a. Bit c. Gigabytes
b. Bytes d. Kilobytes

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Lesson
Performing Mensuration and
3 Calculations
In almost everything you do, you perform even simple calculation and
measurement. Although you have computer skills, it does not mean you must
depend all the measurement and calculation in computer. There are cases that
you must do it manually to determine the possible result or output.v

Mensuration is a process of measuring and determining the value, length,


width, thickness, weight, and area of a surface or an object.

Calculation is also a deliberating process that transforms and calculate


one or more inputs into results and to determine mathematical in terms of
numbers and amount.

What’s In

In the previous lesson you have learned the different computer devices,
classify them according to how they can be measured.

Keyboard LCD Monitor Hard Disk Flash Drive


RAM CD/DVD CPU Smart Board

Scanner External Hard Disk

Common Metric Measurement Digital Measurement


(Centimeters, Inches) (Megabyte, Terabyte)

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Notes to the Teacher
1. Read and understand the lessons properly.
2. Find out what you already know by understanding and
answering learning activities in this lesson.
3. Review the previous lessons and practice what you have
learned in a real-life situation.

What’s New

Types of components and objects to be measured

1. Memory - is internal storage areas in the computer system. The term


memory identifies data storage that comes in the form of chips, and the
word storage is used for memory that exists on tapes or disks. It could be
internal or external.

2. Data storage capacity - refers to how much disk space one or more storage
devices provides. It measures how much data a computer system may
contain. For an example, a computer with a 500GB hard drive has a
storage capacity of 500 gigabytes. A network server with four 1TB drives,
has a storage capacity of 4 terabytes.

3. Processor - is an integrated electronic circuit that performs the


calculations that run a computer. A processor performs arithmetical,
logical, input/output (I/O) and other basic instructions that are passed
from an operating system (OS).

4. Video card - is used to process images so they can be displayed on your


monitor. A good video card can make a big difference in the quality of your
graphics, so this is particularly important if you play games or work with
photography and video.

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Measurements can be Categorized into Two:

A. Common Units of Measurement


The common unit of measurement is used to measure the length, width,
and thickness of an object. In the computer context, these are used in
determining the size of a monitor, laptop, or tablet screen, the thickness, and
dimensions of devices.

English to English 1 foot 12 inches

Metric to Metric 1 meter 10 decimeter


1 dm 10 centimeter
1 cm 10 millimeter

English to Metric 1 inch 2.54 cm


1 inch 25.4 mm
1 foot 30.48 cm

Metric to English 1 meter 3.28 feet


1 meter 39.37 inches

B. Digital Storage Units of Measurement

Digital storage units are the ways computer data is expressed. They are
typically articulated using bytes and usually abbreviated in expression. The table
below shows the basic digital storage units, its symbol, and its equivalent.

Unit of Measurement Symbol Equivalent

1 bit b O or 1

1 Byte B 8 bits

1 Kilobyte KB 1024 Bytes

1 Megabyte MB 1024 Kilobytes

1 Gigabyte GB 1024 Megabytes

1 Terabyte TB 1024 Gigabytes

1 Petabyte PB 1024 Terabytes

1 Exabyte EB 1024 Petabytes

1 Zettabyte ZB 1024 Exabytes

1 Yottabyte YB 1024 Zettabytes

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Measuring Instruments

Name of Instrument and Description Picture

1. Calculator - A portable electronic


device used to perform mathematical
calculations.

2. Ammeter - Is an instrument that


measure current.

3. Multimeter - an instrument that


contain Ohmmeters, Voltmeters, Ammeters
and a variety of capabilities to measure
other quantities.

4. Ohmmeter - an instrument that


measure resistance basically ammeters
that are connected to an internal battery,
with a suitable resistance in series.

DIGITAL REPRESENTATION

Within a computer, information is represented and stored in a digital binary format.


The term bit is an abbreviation of binary digit and represents the smallest piece of
data. It’s also the most common unit of digital data storage. Humans interpret words
and pictures; computers interpret only patterns of bits.

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A bit can have only two possible values, a one digit (1) or a zero digit (0). A bit can be
used to represent the state of something that has two states. For example, a light
switch can be either On or Off; in binary representation, these states would
correspond to 1 and 0, respectively. To increase the size of information stored, bits
are grouped into a pack of eight, which equals a byte. This measurement process
continues exponentially (1 bit = 8 bytes, 1 kilobyte = 1,024 bytes, etc.). Codes can be
used to represent almost any type of information digitally: computer data, graphics,
photos, voice, video, and music.

Computers use binary codes to represent and interpret letters, numbers and special
characters with bits. A commonly used code is the American Standard Code for
Information Interchange (ASCII). With ASCII, each character is represented by a
string of bits. For example:

Capital letter: A = 01000001


Number: 9 = 00001001
Special character: # = 00100011

Source: https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/610730399440493465/

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DECIMAL TO BINARY CONVERSION

To convert a decimal number to binary, all you have to do is divide the number by 2.
Get the quotient and the remainder. Bring down the quotient, divide it by 2, and get
the quotient and remainder again. Do it repeatedly until the quotient results to 0.
Copy the remainder from bottom to top, and that is the binary equivalent.

Example: 19

QUOTIENT Remainder

19/2 9 1

9/2 4 1
4/2 2 0

2/2 1 0

1/2 0 1

19 = 10011

Given: (equivalents)
64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Checking: 1 0 0 1 1 multiplier
16 8 4 2 1 equivalents
16 0 0 2 1 results

16 + 2 + 1 = 19

CALCULATING DATA STORAGE

While a bit is the smallest representation of data, the most basic unit of digital
storage is the byte. A byte is 8 bits and is the smallest unit of measure (UOM) used
to represent data storage capacity.

One kilobyte is a little more than one thousand bytes, specifically 1,024. A megabyte
represents more than a million bytes or 1,048,576. A gigabyte is 1,073,741,824
bytes. A terabyte is 1,099,511,627,776. The exact number is gained by taking 2^n
power. When referring to storage space, we use the terms bytes (B), kilobytes (KB),
megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), and terabytes (TB).

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Conversion and Calculations

Unit of Conversion Unit of Conversion


Measurement Measurement
1 bit 0.125 Byte 1 Megabyte 0.0001 Gigabytes
1 bit 0.000122 Kilobyte 1 Megabyte 1024 Kilobytes
1 Byte 8 bits 1 Gigabyte 1024 Megabytes
1 Byte 0.0001 Kilobyte 1 Gigabyte 0.0001 Terabytes
1 Kilobyte 1024 Bytes 1 Terabytes 1024 Gigabytes
1 Kilobyte 0.0001 Megabytes 1 Terabytes 0.0001 Petabyte

In general, when something is represented digitally, the greater the detail, the greater
the number of bits needed to represent it. A low-resolution picture from a digital
camera will use around 360KB, and a high-resolution picture could use 2 MB or
more.

Kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and terabytes are typically used to measure the size
or storage capacity of a device. Examples of components and devices that use byte
storage include: random access memory (RAM), hard disk drive space, CDs, DVDs,
and MP3 players.

CDs have a data storage capacity of approximately 700 MB. DVDs have a data
storage capacity of approximately 4.3 GB on a single-layer disc, and approximately
8.5 GB on a dual-layer disc. BDs have a storage capacity of 25 GB on a single-layer
disc, and 50 GB on a dual-layer disc.

Once we know the size of a file or folder, it is possible to determine the number of
bytes being used. For example:

A file is 20 KB in size
1 KB = 1,024 Bytes
20 * 1,024 = 20,480 bytes in a 20 KB file

If a 20 KB file is stored in a 1 MB folder (1 MB = 1,048,576 bytes of space); then


approximately a total of 51 files can be stored in that folder (1,048,576 / 20,480 =
51.2).

Let’s do some exercises

1. If a flash drive has 8 Gigabytes capacity, how does it represent in Megabytes?


Remember: 1 Gigabyte = 1000 Megabyte

Solution:
1024 𝑀𝐵
8 GB x = 8192 MB
1 𝐺𝐵

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2. In a hard drive has 3 terabytes capacity, what is the equivalent value in
gigabytes?

Solution:
1024 𝐺𝐵
3 TB x = 3072 GB
1 𝑇𝐵

3. There is 1 DVD item has a value of 25 Megabytes, how many kilobytes in 1


DVD?
Solution:
1024 𝐾𝐵
25 MB x = 25600 KB
1 𝑀𝐵

Some practices on how to maintain measuring instruments

1. Keep it clean always.


2. Use appropriate measuring instruments for a right job.
3. Store in a dry and cool place.
4. Maintain functionality for accurate measurements.
5. Fix all parts or other components after used.

What is It

Activity 1
Direction: Convert the first four letters of your name into binary. Refer to the
ASCII Code: Character to Binary table.

GREAT JOB!

YOU HAVE A SHARP MIND! LET’S DISCOVER


MORE…

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What’s More

Activity 2
A. Compute the following:

1) 300 Kilobytes = ________ Megabyte

2) 15 Megabytes = ________ Kilobytes

3) 10 Kilobytes = ________ Megabytes

4) 700 Megabytes = ________ Gigabytes

5) 4.3 Gigabytes = ________ Terabytes

6) 5 Terabytes = ________ Gigabytes

7) 84 Megabytes = ________ Gigabytes

8) 3 Kilobytes = ________ Megabytes

9) 2 bits =_________ bytes

10) 4 bits = ________ Kilobytes

B. Convert the following decimal numbers into binary.


1) 26
2) 35
3) 25
4) 18
5) 10

WELL DONE!

YOU ARE GREAT…

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What I Have Learned

Directions: Read and understand carefully. Fill in the blanks and select
the answer provided inside the oval. Write your answer in your activity
sheet.

Mensuration Binary Calculation

Gigahertz Byte Capacity


Bandwidth Dpi bit

Calculator Gigabyte Multimeter

1. _________________ is a unit for measuring sound waves, radio waves, and


computer processing speed.

2. _________________ is commonly consisting of eight bits and it is a unit of


digital information.

3. _________________ is the amount of information that can be sent each second


over a network connection.

4. ________________ is an amount of information that can be stored on a


computer or on a CD or floppy disk.

5. ________________ is the most basic unit of information that can be stored in a


computer.

6. ________________ is a measure of spatial printing, video or image scanner dot


density.

7. ________________ is a process of measuring and determining the value, length,


width, thickness, weight, and area of a surface or an object.

8. ________________ is a portable electronic device used to perform mathematical


calculations.
9. ____________________ is a deliberating process that transforms and calculate one or
more inputs into results and to determine mathematical in terms of numbers
and amount.
10. ___________ is an instrument that contain Ohmmeters, Voltmeters,
Ammeters and a variety of capabilities to measure other qualities.

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What I Can Do

Directions: Read and understand carefully. Calculate and Solve the problems
presented below.

Measure and calculate the following problems


1. How many 20 MB mp3 files can be stored on a 1 GB flash drive?

2. In a flash drive, how many 5 MB mp3 files can be stored on a 4 GB


flash drive?

3. If a 80 KB files stored in a 4 MB folder, then approximately how


many files can be stored in that folder?

4. How many 5 MB .avi files can be stored on a 4.7GB DVD-R?

5. How many 70 KB jpg files can be stored on a 5 MB folder in your


hard drive?

A. Master James wants to convert the following values

1) 2 Gigabytes is equal to how many megabytes?

2) How many 1 terabyte into gigabytes?

3) What is 2048 gigabytes into terabytes?

4) What is the value of megabytes into kilobytes?

5) How many kilobytes in 3 megabyte

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Assessment

POST-TEST

Instructions: Let us answer the following test to determine how much you already
learned about mensuration and calculations applied for a specific job. Read
carefully and select the letter of the correct answer and write it in a separate sheet
of paper.

1. It refers to the amount of information that you can store in a computer


storage.
a. Megabytes c. feet
b. Inches d. capacity

2. If you want to determine the size of a monitor which of the following is NOT
an appropriate unit of measurement to be used.
a. centimeters c. bytes
b. meters d. feet

3. What is the capacity of a computer hard disk used at present?


a. Bit c. Kilobyte
b. Bytes d. Terabyte

4. Computer speed is being measured using,


a. megabytes c. gigahertz
b. megahertz d. gigabytes

5. It is the smallest unit of information in computer.


a. Bit c. kilobits
b. Bytes d. kilobytes

6. It is used in reference to file size or the amount of data transferred.


a. MBps c. Bit
b. Mbps d. Byte

7. What is the basic unit of information in theory, computing and digital


communication?
a. Dpi c. Bytes
b. Bit d. Mbps
8. It is the most basic unit of information that can be stored in a computer.
a. Bit c. Kilobyte
b. Byte d. Megabyte

9. It is the term used in reference to download and upload speed.


a. MBps c. gigahertz
b. Mbps d. gigabytes
10. What is a memory equal to one billion bytes and a unit of storage capacity
for computer data?
a. Bit c. Gigabytes
b. Bytes d. Kilobytes

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Additional Activities

Activity 3

Directions: Read the problem carefully. Calculate using the appropriate unit
of measurement.

Mr. Bennette have 8 Gigabyte flash drive. He copied the following files in
his flash drive with the corresponding amount of capacity.

Practical research = 5 Megabytes


Notes = 300 kilobytes
Games = 2.3 gigabyte
MP3 songs = 200 MB
Movie = 1.5 gigabyte

How much space is left in Mr. Bennette’s flash drive?

CONGRATULATIONS!
YOU ARE GREAT AND YOU ARE SO SMART…

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What I Can DO
B. WHAT I HAVE LEARNED Post-test
1. 2,048 MB
1. Gigahertz 1. D
2. 1,024 GB 2. Byte 2. C
3. Bandwidth 3. D
3. 2 TB
4. Capacity 4. C
4. 1,024 KB 5. bit 5. A
6. Dpi 6. A
5. 3,072 KB 7. Mensuration 7. B
8. Calculator 8. A
9. Calculation 9. A
10. Multimeter 10. C
Activity 2 Activity 1 Pre-test
A. 1. 10100
1. 0.292969 MB 2. 100000 1. D
2. 15,360 KB 3. 1111 2. C
3. 0.009766 MB 4. 10001 3. D
4. 0.683594 GB 5. 10111 4. C
5. 0.004199 TB 5. A
6. 5,120 GB 6. A
7. 0.082031 GB
7. B
8. 0.00293 MB
9. 0.25 B 8. A
10. 0.000488 KB 9. A
10. C
B.
1. 11010 4. 10010
2. 100011 5. 1010
3. 11001
Answer Key
References

Blanco, E. (2017, September 12). CSS NC II learning Module. Retrieved June


03, 2020, from https://www.slideshare.net/edmundblanco/css-nc-ii-
learning-module

Electronics/Measuring Instruments. (n.d.). Retrieved June 20, 2020, from


https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Electronics/Measuring_Instruments

Schmidt, Casey. "Digital Storage Units – the Measurement System


Explained." Canto. February 24, 2020. Accessed June 20, 2020.
https://www.canto.com/blog/digital-storage-units/#:~:text=Digital storage
units are the ways computer data is expressed,) and megabytes (MB).

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DISCLAIMER

This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN


with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN


Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: region12@deped.gov.ph

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