IITIANS SPECTRUM EDUTECH

EXERCISE : VIOLET
Multiple choice Questions with ONLY ONE correct option:

30. Photoelectric effect shows

(a) Particle nature of light (b) wave nature of light
(c) dual nature of light (d) neither of the natures of light

Sol: Photoelectric effect can be explained by particle nature of light as it involves concept of photons.

31. If 1 and 2 denote that the de Broglie wavelength of two particles with same masses but charges
in the ratio of 1:2 after they are accelerated from rest through the same potential difference then
(a) 1 > 2 (b) 1 = 2 (c) 1 < 2 (d) None

h
Sol: =  q more,  less
2mqV

q1 : q 2 = 1: 2  q 2  q1   2  1

EXERCISE : INDIGO
Multiple choice Questions with ONLY ONE correct option:

11. If E1, E2 and E3 are kinetic energy of electron, alpha particle and proton respectively, having same
De-Broglie wave length, then
(a) E1  E2  E3 (b) E1 < E2 < E3 (c) E2 < E3 < E1 (d) E1 = E2 = E3

h h2
Sol: =  K  E =
2m ( K  E ) 2m 2

Given, De-Broglie wavelength is same for all particles.

Hence, more mass here will ensure less kinetic energy.
m  mproton  melectron  K  E  K  E proton  K  E electron  E2  E3  E1

EXERCISE : BLUE

Numerical type and subjective type questions:

25. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength associated with motion of earth (mass 6  1024 Kg) orbiting
around the sun at a speed of 3  106 m/s. [Use h = 6.63  10–34 J – sec]

h 6.63 10–34 6.63 10 –34

Sol: = = = = 0.368 10 –64 m = 3.68 10 –65 m
mv 6 1024  3 106 18 1030

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 IITIANS SPECTRUM EDUTECH

26. An electron beam can undergo diffraction by crystals. Through what potential should a beam of
electron accelerate so that its wavelength becomes equal to 1.414 Å.

Sol: If a free electron is given x volts potential difference, its kinetic energy becomes x eV and to get
150
its De-Broglie wavelength in units Å , we use,  =
x

150 150
= = 1.414  2  x = 75 volts
x x

EXERCISE : GREEN
Multiple choice Questions with ONLY ONE correct option:

12. If we increase the intensity of light keeping frequency constant

(a) Stopping potential increases (b) Saturation current increases
(c) Both increases (d) Both remain constant

Sol: If we increase the intensity of light keeping frequency as constant, that means we are increasing
number of photons. More number of photons will knock more photoelectrons. Hence, more flow
of charge will ensure saturation current increases. Stopping potential will remain constant.

13. If we increase frequency of light keeping total number of photons as constant

(a) Stopping potential increases (b) Saturation current increases
(c) Both increases (d) Both remain constant

Sol: If we increase frequency of light keeping total number of photons as constant, saturation current
will remain same. But energy of each photon has increased, hence maximum kinetic energy of
photoelectrons will increase. Therefore, more potential is required to stop the fastest moving
electrons and stopping potential increases.

14. An electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state absorbs 1.5 times as much energy as the
minimum required for the escape from the atom. What is the wavelength of the emitted electron?
(a) 4.7 Å (b) 4.7 nm (c) 9.4 Å (d) 9.4 nm

Sol: Since, minimum energy required to escape from the atom is equal to ionization energy (I.E.)

  Z2     12  
I.E.= –E1 = −  –13.6  2   = −  –13.6  2   = 13.6 eV
  n   1 
Now, energy given = 1.5  IE = 1.5  13.6 eV

KE of ionized electron = Energy given – IE = 1.5  13.6 eV – 13.6 eV = 0.5  13.6 eV = 6.8 eV

If kinetic energy of electron is in eV and to get De-Broglie wavelength in units of Å , we use

150 150
= = = 4.7Å
KE 6.8

Atomic Structure 2
IITIANS SPECTRUM EDUTECH

Multiple choice Questions with ONE OR MORE THAN ONE correct option:

26. Which of the following statements are correct ?

(a) Photons of equal wavelengths will have equal linear momenta
(b) Photons of equal wavelengths will have equal energies
(c) Photons of equal energies will have equal linear momenta
(d) Photons of equal linear momenta will have equal energies

h hc
Sol : Momentum of a photon = P = and Energy of a photon = E =
 

(a) Photons of equal wavelengths will have equal values of h/, which means equal magnitude of
linear momenta. But momentum is a vector quantity and if we say linear momenta are equal that
means directions as well as magnitudes both must be equal. But, here no information about
directions. Hence, this option is incorrect.
(b) Photons of equal wavelengths will have equal values of hc/, which means equal energies as
energy is a scaler quantity.
(c) Photons of equal energies will have equal values of hc/. Hence, equal values of h/, which
again means equal magnitude of linear momenta. But momentum is a vector quantity and if we
say linear momenta are equal that means direction as well as magnitudes both must be equal. But,
here no information about directions. Hence, this option is incorrect.
(d) Photons of equal linear momenta means equal values of h/ (both magnitude and direction).
Definitely such photons will have equal values of hc/ and will have equal energies. Remember,
energy is a scaler quantity.

29. When work function A for a photoelectric material A is 2 eV and B for another photoelectric
material B is 4 eV. If the photons of energy EA strike with surface of A the ejected photoelectrons
have minimum de-Broglie wavelength A and photons of energy EB strike the surface of B, the
ejected photoelectrons have minimum de-Broglie wavelength B. Where EB = (EA + 0.5) eV and
B =2A, VA and VB are respective stopping potentials then which of the following are correct
(a) EA = 4 eV (b) EB = 4.5 eV (c) VA = 2 Volts (d) VB = 0 .5 Volts

Sol: Let maximum kinetic energies from metal A and B are KA and KB. Now,
K A = E A – A = E A − 2 K B = E B – B = E B − 4
h h
A = B =
2mk A 2mk B
Now, given
h 2h h2 4h 2
 B = 2 A  =  =  K A = 4K B
2mK B 2mK A 2mK B 2mK A

Which means (EA – 2) = 4 (EB – 4) or EA = 4EB – 14

Also, given, EB = (EA + 0.5)
On solving, we get EA = 4 eV, EB = 4.5 eV and KA = 2 eV, KB = 0.5 eV

We know, KEmax = eVs where Vs is stopping potential.

Since, KA = eVA which means VA = 2 volts.
Also, KB = eVB which means VB = 0.5 volts.

Atomic Structure 3
 IITIANS SPECTRUM EDUTECH

EXERCISE : ORANGE
Numerical type and subjective type questions:

10. When photons of energy 4.25 eV strike the surface of a metal A, the ejected photoelectrons have
maximum kinetic energy KA (expressed in eV) and de-Broglie wavelength A. The maximum
kinetic energy of photoelectrons liberated from another Metal B by photons of energy 4.2 eV is
KB and de-Broglie wavelength B. Now, KB = (KA−1.5) and B =2A then calculate
(i) KA and KB
(ii) Work function of both the metals A and B.

Sol:

K A = 4.25 – A KB = 4.2 – B
h h
A = B =
2mk A 2mk B
Now, given
h 2h h2 4h 2
 B = 2 A  =  =  K A = 4K B
2mK B 2mK A 2mK B 2mK A

Also, given, K B = K A − 1.5 = 4K B − 1.5  K B = 0.5eV and K A = 2eV

For metal A, K A = 4.25 – A

2eV = 4.25eV – A  A = 2.25eV

For metal B, KB = 4.2 – B

0.5eV = 4.2eV – B  B = 3.7eV

Atomic Structure 4