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With a limit-on-close order, an investor controls the price they buy or sell a
security at. A LOC order is a limit order that is executed at the market’s closing
price. An investor might choose this type of order because they are using a
strategy that requires them to enter a position or price at the end of the day, for
example. They could use a LOC to exit trades as well, but because it is a limit
order the order is not guaranteed to fill, which means the position could
remain open after the market closes.
A LOC order will only be executed if the closing price matches the limit order
price or better. Partial orders may or may not be filled depending on
the brokerage and exchange order allowance.
Say the stock is trading at $25.25 at 3:45 p.m. The trader decides they are willing
to buy up to $25.40. They place a LOC buy order for 100 shares $25.40. At 3:50
the order is locked in and can't be canceled.
If the closing price at 4:00 p.m is less than $25.40 the order will execute
and the trader will get their 100 shares.
If the closing price is above $25.40, the stock price has exceeded the limit,
so the LOC order will not be executed and the trader will not get shares.
Since the order is locked in 10 minutes before the closing price is known, the
trader may end up with a much better price than the current price of $25.25, such
as $25, or even $24.75, but they will only pay up to $25.40 or whatever limit they
set.
The limit they set could also be below the current price of $25.25. For example,
they could place it at $25. It will only fill if the closing price is $25 or below.
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